1. Halfdan "the Aged" Sveidasson, Jarl of Oppland,1 2 3 son of Sveidi Svidrasson, was born about 762 in Oppland, (Norway) and died about 800 about age 38. Another name for Halfdan was Halfdan II "Mildi" Eysteinsson.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-14
Halfdan married someone.
+ 2 M i. Ivar Halfdansson, Jarl of Oppland 3 4 5 was born about 783 in Oppland, (Norway).
Second Generation 2. Ivar Halfdansson, Jarl of Oppland 3 4 5 (Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 783 in Oppland, (Norway). Other names for Ivar were Ivar Jarl of the Uplands, Ivar Jarl of Norway, and Ivar Oplaendinge Jarl.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has fl. 800; http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f50/a0025008.htm has b. 783
Research Notes: Fl. abt. 800
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-15
Ivar married < > Eysteinsdatter 6 about 824. < was born about 785 in Trondheim, Sřr-Trřndelag, (Norway).
The child from this marriage was:
+ 3 M i. Eystein "Glumra" Ivarsson, Jarl of Oppland 6 7 8 9 was born about 800 in <Maer, (Nord-Trondelag), Norway>.
Third Generation 3. Eystein "Glumra" Ivarsson, Jarl of Oppland 6 7 8 9 (Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 800 in <Maer, (Nord-Trondelag), Norway>. Other names for Eystein were Eystein Ivarsson Jarl of Oppland, Eystein "the Noisy" Ivarsson Jarl of Oppland, and Glumra Ivarsson Jarl of Oppland.
Birth Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f50/a0025002.htm has b. 810.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-16. "EYSTEIN GLUMRA, Jarl of the Uplands, abt. 830, sd. to have fathered two known children: Swanhild, who m. HARALD (243A-17) King of Norway, and RAGNVALD I"
Eystein married Aseda Rognvaldsdatter,9 10 daughter of Ragnvald "the Mountain-High" Olafsson, King of Vestfold and Unknown,. Aseda was born about 804 in <Maer, (Nord-Trondelag), Norway>. Other names for Aseda were Aseda Ranvaldsdatter and Ascrida Rognvaldsdatter.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 4 F i. Swanhild .
+ 5 M ii. Sigurd Eysteinsson 11 was born about 832 in Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway.
+ 6 M iii. Malahule Eysteinsson 6 12 was born about 845 in Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway.
+ 7 F iv. Svanhild Eysteinsdatter 13 was born about 850 in <Maer, Nord-Trondelag, (Norway)>.
+ 8 M v. Ragnvald Eysteinsson, Earl of Mřre 9 14 15 16 was born before 867 in Oppland, (Norway), died in 890 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland, and was buried in 893.
Fourth Generation 4. Swanhild (Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Married Harald, King of Norway.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-16 (Eystein Glumra)
5. Sigurd Eysteinsson 11 (Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 832 in Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway. Another name for Sigurd was Earl Eysteinsson.
6. Malahule Eysteinsson 6 12 (Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 845 in Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway. Other names for Malahule were Haldrick Eysteinsson, Malahulc Eysteinsson, and Malahulde Eysteinsson.
Malahule married someone.
+ 9 M i. Hugh de Cavalcamp 6 was born about 890 in <Near Dieppe>.
7. Svanhild Eysteinsdatter 13 (Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 850 in <Maer, Nord-Trondelag, (Norway)>.
Svanhild married Harald I "Fairhair" Halfdansson, King of Norway,13 son of Halfdan "the Black" Gudrodsson and Ragnhild Sigurdsdatter,. Harald was born about 850 in <Hedemark, Norway>, died in 933 about age 83, and was buried in Hauko, Rogaland, Norway.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 10 M i. Bjorn "the Merchant" Haraldsson, Prince of Norway 13 was born about 900 in <Vestfold, Norway> and died in 927 about age 27.
8. Ragnvald Eysteinsson, Earl of Mřre 9 14 15 16 (Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born before 867 in Oppland, (Norway), died in 890 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland, and was buried in 893. Other names for Ragnvald were Ragnvald I "the Wise" Earl of Mřre and Rognvald I "the Wise" Jarl of More.
Birth Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f00/a0020082.htm has b. 857, of Upland, Denmark.
Research Notes: Jarl of North and South Mřre, and of Ramsdal in Norway.
Parentage uncertain.
From Wikipedia - Rognvald Eysteinsson :
Rognvald "The Wise" Eysteinsson (son of Eystein Ivarsson ) is the founder of the Earldom of Orkney in the Norse Sagas . Three quite different accounts of the creation of the Norse earldom on Orkney and Shetland exist. The best known is that found in the Heimskringla , but other older traditions are found in the Historia Norvegiae and the Fragmentary Annals of Ireland .
Sagas
The saga accounts are the best known, and the latest, of the three surviving traditions concerning Rognvald and the foundation of the Earldom of Orkney. Recorded in the 13th century, their views are informed by Norwegian politics of the day. Once, historians could write that no-one denied the reality of Harald Fairhair 's expeditions to the west recounted in Heimskringla, but this is no longer the case. The Norwegian contest with the Kings of Scots over the Hebrides and the Isle of Man in the middle 13th century underlies the sagas.[1]
In the Heimskringla, Rognvald is Earl of Mřre . He accompanies Harald Fairhair on his great expeditions to the west, to Ireland and to Scotland . Here, Rognvald's son Ivarr is killed. In compensation King Harald grants Rognvald Orkney and Shetland. Rognvald himself returns to Norway , giving the northern isles to his brother Sigurd Eysteinsson .[2]
The Heimskringla recounts other tales of Rognvald. It tells how he causes Harald Finehair to be given his byname Fairhair by cutting and dressing his hair, which had been uncut for ten years on account of Harald's vow never to cut it until he was ruler of all Norway,[3] and it makes him the father of Ganger-Hrólf, identified by saga writers with the Rollo (Hrólfr), ancestor of the Dukes of Normandy , who was said to have been established as Count of Rouen by King Charles the Simple in 931.[4]
Earl Rognvald is killed by Harald's son Halfdan Hĺlegg. Rognvald's death is avenged by his son, Earl Turf-Einar , from whom later Orkney earls claimed descent, who kills Halfdan on North Ronaldsay .[5]
Historia Norvegiae
The Historia Norvegiae's account of Rognvald and the foundation of the Orkney earldom is the next oldest, probably dating from the 12th century. This account contains much curious detail on Orkney, including the earliest account of the Picts as small people who hid in the daytime, but it has little to say about Rognvald.
In the days of Harald Fairhair, king of Norway, certain pirates, of the family of the most vigorous prince Ronald [Rognvald], set out with a great fleet, and crossed the Solundic sea..., and subdued the islands to themselves. And being there provided with safe winter seats, they went in summer-time working tyranny upon the English, and the Scots, and sometimes also upon the Irish, so that they took under their rule, from England, Northumbria ; from Scotland, Caithness ; from Ireland, Dublin , and the other sea-side towns.[6]
This account does not associate Rognvald with the earldom, but instead attributes it to his anonymous kinfolk.
Fragmentary Annals of Ireland
The oldest account of the Rognvald and the earldom of Orkney is that found in the Fragmentary Annals of Ireland. The annals survive only in incomplete copies made by Dubhaltach Mac Fhirbhisigh in the 17th century, but the original annals are believed to date from the lifetime of Donnchad mac Gilla Pátraic (died 1039). The annals are known to have had an influence on later writings in Iceland .
The annals make Rognvald the son of "Halfdan, King of Lochlann ". This is generally understood to mean Halfdan the Black , which would make the Rognvald of the annals the brother of Harald Finehair. However, the sagas claim that Rognvald's grandfather was named Halfdan.[7]
These events are placed after an account of the devastation of Fortriu , dated to around 866,[8] and the fall of York, reliably dated to late 867. However, such an early date makes it difficult to reconcile the saga claims that Harald Fairhair was involved in Rognvald's conquest of the northern isles.
Harald Finehair's victory in the Battle of Hafrsfjord , which gave him dominion over parts of Norway, is traditionally dated to 872, but was probably later, perhaps as late as 900.[9] What little is known of Scottish events in the period from the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba would correspond equally well with Harald's attacks on Scotland in the reign of Domnall mac Causantín (ruled 889-900).[10] However, this would not correspond with the sequence in the earliest account of the origins of the Orkney earldom, which places this a generation earlier.
Ragnvald married Ragnhild Hrolfsdatter,17 18 19 daughter of Hrolf Nefja and Unknown, about 867 in Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway. Ragnhild was born about 857 in <(Norway)>. Other names for Ragnhild were Hilda Countess More, Hiltrude, and Raginhilde.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 848, Orkney Islands, Scotland.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 11 M i. Einar "Torf" Rögnvaldsson, Earl of Orkney 19 20 was born about 852 in <Sunnmřre, (Mřre og Romsdal, Norway)> and died after 920 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland.
+ 12 M ii. Rollo, Duke of Normandy 21 22 23 24 was born between 860 and 870 in <Maer, Nord-Trondelag, (Norway)>, died about 929 in <Rouen>, Normandy, Neustria (France), and was buried in Notre Dame, Rouen, Normandy, (France).
Fifth Generation 9. Hugh de Cavalcamp 6 (Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 890 in <Near Dieppe>.
Hugh married someone.
+ 13 M i. Ralph I de Toeni 6 was born about 955 in <Tosni>, (Eure, ) France.
10. Bjorn "the Merchant" Haraldsson, Prince of Norway 13 (Svanhild Eysteinsdatter7, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 900 in <Vestfold, Norway> and died in 927 about age 27.
Bjorn married someone.
+ 14 M i. Gudrod Bjornsson 13 was born about 932 in <Norway> and died in 963 about age 31.
11. Einar "Torf" Rögnvaldsson, Earl of Orkney 19 20 (Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 852 in <Sunnmřre, (Mřre og Romsdal, Norway)> and died after 920 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland. Other names for Einar were Torf-Einarr and Einarr Rögnvaldarson Earl of Orkney.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Torf-Einarr :
Einarr Rögnvaldarson, Torf-Einarr or Turf-Einar (fl. early 890s-920s) was one of the Norse Earls of Orkney . His rise to power is related in sagas which apparently draw on verses of Einarr's own composition for inspiration. After battling for control of the Northern Isles of Scotland , Einarr founded a dynasty which retained control of the islands for centuries after his death.
Rise to power
Einarr was the youngest son of Rögnvald Eysteinsson of Mřre , Norway , by a concubine. Rögnvald's family conquered the Orkney and Shetland islands in the late ninth century, and Rögnvald's brother, Sigurd Eysteinsson , was made Earl of Orkney. After his death on campaign, Sigurd was succeeded by his son, Guthorm, who died shortly afterward. Rögnvald sent one of his sons, Hallad, to govern the islands but Hallad was unable to maintain control, resigned his earldom and returned to Norway as a common landholder.[1]
According to the Norse Heimskringla and Orkneyinga sagas , Rögnvald had little regard for his youngest son Einarr because Einarr's mother was a slave. The sagas record that Rögnvald agreed to provide Einarr with a ship and crew in the hope that he would sail away and never return. Einarr sailed to the Scottish islands, where he defeated two Danish warlords, Ţórir Tréskegg (Thorir Treebeard) and Kálf Skurfa (Kalf the Scurvy), who had taken residence there, and established himself as earl.[2] It is unclear whether the account in the sagas of Einarr's conquest is accurate. Though the Historia Norvegić , written at the same time as the sagas but from a different source, confirms that Rögnvald's family conquered the islands, it gives few details. The scene in the sagas where Einarr's father scorns him is a literary device which often figures in Old Norse literature . Much of Einarr's story in the sagas appears to be derived from five skaldic verses attributed to Einarr himself.[1]
Relations with Norway
The five verses attributed to Einarr describe a feud between the families of Rögnvald and the King of Norway, Harald Finehair . The poems are elaborated in the sagas, which say that two of Harald Finehair's unruly sons, Halvdan Hĺlegg (Hálfdan Longlegs) and Gudrřd Ljome (Gudrod the Gleaming), killed Einarr's father Rögnvald by trapping him in his house and setting it alight. Gudrřd took possession of Rögnvald's lands while Hálfdan sailed westwards to Orkney and displaced Einarr. The sagas say that King Harald, apparently appalled by his sons' actions, overthrew Gudrřd and restored Rögnvald's lands to his son, Thorir Rögnvaldarson. From a base in Caithness , Einarr resisted Hálfdan's occupation of the islands. After a battle at sea, and a ruthless campaign on land, Einarr spied Hálfdan hiding on North Ronaldsay . The sagas claim that Hálfdan was captured, and sacrificed to Odin as a blood-eagle .[3] While the killing of Hálfdan by the Orkney islanders is recorded independently in the Historia Norvegić, the manner of his death is unspecified. The blood-eagle sacrifice may be a misunderstanding or an invention of the sagawriters as it does not feature directly in the earlier skaldic verses, which instead indicate that Hálfdan was killed by a volley of spears.[4] The verses do mention the eagle as a carrion bird, and this may have influenced the sagawriters to introduce the blood-eagle element.[5] The sagas relate that Harald sought vengeance for his son's ignoble death, and set out on campaign against Einarr, but was unable to dislodge him. Eventually, Harald agreed to end the fight in exchange for a fine of 60 gold marks levied on Einarr and the allodial owners of the islands. Einarr offered to pay the whole fine if the allodial landowners passed their lands to him, to which they agreed.[6] Einarr's assumption of control over the islands appears well-attested and was considered by later commentators to be the moment at which the Earls of Orkney came to own the entire island group in fee to the King of Norway.[1] Others have interpreted the payment of 60 gold marks as wergild or blood money .[7]
Legacy
Apart from the five verses recorded in the sagas, no other examples of Torf-Einarr's poetry are known to survive, though they appear to be part of a larger body of work.[8] A couplet that commemorates Einarr's defeat of the two pirate Vikings , Ţórir Tréskegg (Thorir Treebeard) and Kálf Skurfa (Kalf the Scurvy),
Hann gaf Tréskegg trollum,
Torf-Einarr drap Skurfu.
He gave Treebeard to the trolls,
Torf-Einarr slew Scurvy.
has a matching metre and alliterative similarites to the attributed verses.[8] Einarr must have had some fame as a poet, as his name is used in the Háttatal , an examination of Old Norse poetry written in the thirteenth-century, to refer to a specific type of metre, Torf-Einarsháttr.[8]
The remainder of Einarr's long reign was apparently unchallenged, and he died in his bed of a sickness, leaving three sons, Arnkel, Erlend and Thorfinn . The sagas describe Einarr as tall, ugly and blind in one eye, but sharp-sighted nonetheless.[9] Despite these apparent disabilities, as well as his low-born mother, Einarr established a dynasty which ruled the Orkneys until 1470.[1]
The sagas incorrectly claim that he was called "Turf-Einar" because he introduced the practice of burning turf or peat to the islands since wood was so scarce. The real reason for the nick-name is unknown.[1] While depletion of woodland could have caused a cultural shift from burning timber to peat, potentially the name arose because the sequestration of the common or allodial rights of the islanders by Einarr forced them away from coppicing towards cutting turves.[10]
Einar married someone.
+ 15 M i. Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer" Einarsson 19 was born about 890 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died after 977, and was buried in Burial Mound, Hoxa, Ronaldsay, Scotland.
12. Rollo, Duke of Normandy 21 22 23 24 (Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born between 860 and 870 in <Maer, Nord-Trondelag, (Norway)>, died about 929 in <Rouen>, Normandy, Neustria (France), and was buried in Notre Dame, Rouen, Normandy, (France). Other names for Rollo were Ganger Rolf "the Viking" 1st Count of Normandy and Rollo Rognvaldsson Duke of Normandy.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 846, Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway
Death Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f00/a0020075.htm has d. 927 in Rouen, France. Ancestral Roots has d. 929.
FamilySearch has d. abt 931, Rouen, Normandie, Neustria.
Research Notes: Father may have been Ragnvald Eysteinsson.
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford) has d. 927-932.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-18. "GANGER ROLF, "the Viking" (or ROLLO), 1st Count of Normandy, banished from Norway to the Hebrides abt 876, 890 participated in Viking attack on Bayeux, where Count Berenger of Bayeux was killed, and his dau. Poppa captured and taken 886, by Rollo (now called Count of Rouen) as his 'Danish' wife. Under Treaty of St. Claire, 911, rec'd the County of Normandy from CHARLES III, (148017) 'the Simple'; d. 929, bur. Notre Dame, Rouen."
-------------
From Wikipedia - Rollo :
Rollo (c. 860 - c. 932), baptised Robert, was the founder and first ruler of the Viking principality in what soon became known as Normandy .
The name Rollo is a Frankish -Latin name probably taken from the Old Norse name Hrólfr (cf. the latinization of Hrólfr into the similar Roluo in the Gesta Danorum , modern Scandinavian name Rolf ).
Historical evidence
Rollo was a Viking leader of contested origin. Dudo of St. Quentin , in his De moribus et actis primorum Normannorum ducum (Latin), tells of a powerful Danish nobleman at loggerheads with the king of Denmark , who had two sons, Gurim and Rollo; upon his death, Rollo was expelled and Gurim killed. William of Jumičges also mentions Rollo's prehistory in his Gesta Normannorum Ducum , but states that he was from the Danish town of Fakse . Wace , writing some 300 years after the event in his Roman de Rou , also mentions the two brothers (as Rou and Garin), as does the Orkneyinga Saga .
Norwegian and Icelandic historians identified this Rollo with a son of Rognvald Eysteinsson , Earl of Mřre , in Western Norway , based on medieval Norwegian and Icelandic sagas that mention a Ganger Hrolf (Hrolf, the Walker). The oldest source of this version is the Latin Historia Norvegiae , written in Norway at the end of the 12th century. This Hrolf fell foul of the Norwegian king Harald Fairhair , and became a Jarl in Normandy. The nickname of that character came from being so big that no horse could carry him.
The question of Rollo's Danish or Norwegian origins was a matter of heated dispute between Norwegian and Danish historians of the 19th and early 20th century, particularly in the run-up to Normandy's 1000-year-anniversary in 1911. Today, historians still disagree on this question, but most would now agree that a certain conclusion can never be reached.
Invasion of France
In 885, Rollo was one of the lesser leaders of the Viking fleet which besieged Paris under Sigfred second official king of the Danes. Legend has it that an emissary was sent by the king to find the chieftain and negotiate terms. When he asked for this information, the Vikings replied that they were all chieftains in their own right. In 886, when Sigfred retreated in return for tribute, Rollo stayed behind and was eventually bought off and sent to harry Burgundy .
Later, he returned to the Seine with his followers (known as Danes, or Norsemen). He invaded the area of northern France now known as Normandy .
In 911 Rollo's forces were defeated at the Battle of Chartres by the troops of King Charles the Simple .[1] In the aftermath of the battle, rather than pay Rollo to leave, as was customary, Charles the Simple understood that he could no longer hold back their onslaught, and decided to give Rollo the coastal lands they occupied under the condition that he defend against other raiding Vikings. In the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte (911) with King Charles, Rollo pledged feudal allegiance to the king, changed his name to the Frankish version, and converted to Christianity , probably with the baptismal name Robert.[2] In return, King Charles granted Rollo the lower Seine area (today's upper Normandy) and the titular rulership of Normandy, centred around the city of Rouen . There exists some argument among historians as to whether Rollo was a "duke " (dux) or whether his position was equivalent to that of a "count " under Charlemagne . According to legend, when required to kiss the foot of King Charles, as a condition of the treaty, he refused to perform so great a humiliation, and when Charles extended his foot to Rollo, Rollo ordered one of his warriors to do so in his place. His warrior then lifted Charles' foot up to his mouth causing him to fall to the ground.[3]
Settlement
Initially, Rollo stayed true to his word of defending the shores of the Seine river in accordance to the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte , but in time he and his followers had very different ideas. Rollo began to divide the land between the Epte and Risle rivers among his chieftains and settled there with a de facto capital in Rouen. With these settlements, Rollo began to further raid other Frankish lands, now from the security of a settled homeland, rather than a mobile fleet. Eventually, however, Rollo's men intermarried with the local women, and became more settled as Frenchmen. At the time of his death, Rollo's expansion of his territory had extended as far west as the Vire River .
Death
Sometime around 927, Rollo passed the fief in Normandy to his son, William Longsword . Rollo may have lived for a few years after that, but certainly died before 933. According to the historian Adhemar , 'As Rollo's death drew near, he went mad and had a hundred Christian prisoners beheaded in front of him in honour of the gods whom he had worshipped , and in the end distributed a hundred pounds of gold around the churches in honour of the true God in whose name he had accepted baptism.' Even though Rollo had converted to Christianity , some of his pagan roots surfaced at the end.
Legacy
Rollo is a direct ancestor of William the Conqueror . Through William, he is an ancestor of the present-day British royal family .
The "Clameur de Haro " in the Channel Islands is, supposedly, an appeal to Rollo.
Rollo married Poppa, de Bayeux,23 25 daughter of Bérenger, of Bayeux and Unknown, in 886. Poppa was born about 872 in <Bayeux>, Neustria (France).
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-18 (Ganger Rolf).
http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f00/a0020076.htm has m. 891.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 872, Evreux, Neustria
Research Notes: "Danish" wife of Rollo (Ganger Rolf).
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-18 (Ganger Rolf).
Children from this marriage were:
+ 16 F i. Adele, de Normandie 26 died after 969.
+ 17 M ii. William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy 23 27 28 was born about 892 in <Rouen, (France)> and died on 17 Dec 942 in France about age 50.
Sixth Generation 13. Ralph I de Toeni 6 (Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 955 in <Tosni>, (Eure, ) France.
Ralph married someone.
+ 18 M i. Ralph II de Toeni, Seigneur de Tosni 6 was born before 970 in <Tosni>, France and died after 1015.
14. Gudrod Bjornsson 13 (Bjorn "the Merchant" Haraldsson, Prince of Norway10, Svanhild Eysteinsdatter7, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 932 in <Norway> and died in 963 about age 31.
Gudrod married Cecilie.13 Cecilie was born about 936 in <Norway>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 19 M i. Harald "Graenske" Gudrodsson 13 was born about 960 in <Vestfold, Norway> and died about 995 about age 35.
15. Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer" Einarsson 19 (Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 890 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died after 977, and was buried in Burial Mound, Hoxa, Ronaldsay, Scotland. Another name for Thorfinn was Brico Einarsson.
Thorfinn married Grelod Duncansdatter,19 daughter of Duncan, Earl of Caithness and Groa Thorsteinsdatter, in 914 in Orkney Islands, Scotland. Grelod was born about 898 in <Caithness, Scotland>. Other names for Grelod were Gerlaf Duncansdatter and Grelauga Duncansdatter.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 20 M i. Hlodver Thorfinnsson, Earl of Orkney 19 was born about 924 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died between 980 and 988 in Hofn, Caithness, Scotland.
16. Adele, de Normandie 26 (Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died after 969. Other names for Adele were Adele Gerloc de Normandie and Gerloc de Normandie.
Adele married William I, Count of Poitou,29 son of Ebles Mancer, Count of Poitou and Aremburge, in 935. William was born in 900 in <Poitiers, France> and died on 3 Apr 963 in <Saint-Cyrien de Poitiers, France> at age 63. Other names for William were Guillaume III Count of Poitou and William III of Aquitaine.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 144A-19
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008).line 144A-19. Also line 45-22 (Henry III) and 110-23 (Hildegarde).
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford) has b. 910 in Poitier, d. bet 963 & 966 in Saint-Cyrien de Poitiers
The child from this marriage was:
+ 21 F i. Adelaide, de Poitou 30 31 was born about 945 and died on 15 Jun 1006 about age 61.
17. William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy 23 27 28 (Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 892 in <Rouen, (France)> and died on 17 Dec 942 in France about age 50. Other names for William were Guillaume I "Longue Épée" Duke of Normandy and William I "Longsword."
Birth Notes: May have been born in Bayeux.
Death Notes: Killed in treacherous ambush by servants of Theobald of Blois and Arnulf of Flanders
Research Notes: When the Bretons rebelled about 930, he subdued them, taking Brittany, the Channel Islands, the Contentin, and the Averanchin.
From Wikipedia - William I, Duke of Normandy :
William I Longsword (French : Guillaume Longue-Épée, Latin : Willermus Longa Spata, Scandinavian : Vilhjálmr Langaspjót; 893 - 17 December 942) was the second Duke of Normandy from his father's death until his own assassination. The title dux (duke) was not in use at the time and has been applied to early Norman rulers retroactively; William actually used the title comes (count).
Little is known about his early years. He was born in Bayeux or Rouen to Rollo and his wife Poppa. All that is known of Poppa is that she was a Christian, and the daughter to Berengar of Rennes , the previous lord of Brittania Nova , which eventually became western Normandy. According to the William's planctus , he was baptised a Christian.
William succeeded Rollo sometime around 927. It appears that he faced a rebellion early in his reign, from Normans who felt he had become too Gallicised . Subsequent years are obscure. In 939 William became involved in a war with Arnulf I of Flanders , which soon became intertwined with the other conflicts troubling the reign of Louis IV . He was killed by followers of Arnulf while at a meeting to settle their conflict. His son Richard the Fearless , child of his first wife, Sprota, succeeded him. William also left a widow, Ličgard (Liutgard), who died in 985.
Noted events in his life were:
• Succeeded: to County of Normandy, Abt 927.
• Bretons rebelled: Abt 930.
William married Sprote, de Bretagne,23 32 daughter of Hubert, Count of Senlis and Unknown,. Sprote was born about 911 in Bretagne, (France). Another name for Sprote was Sprota.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-19 (William I)
The child from this marriage was:
+ 22 M i. Richard I, Duke of Normandy 23 33 34 35 36 was born on 28 Aug 933 in <Fécamp>, Normandy, (France), died on 20 Nov 996 in Fécamp, Seine-Inferieure, France at age 63, and was buried in Fécamp, Seine-Inferieure, France.
William next married Luitgarde, of Vermandois, daughter of Herbert II, Count of Vermandois, Soissons and Troyes and Liegarde, of France,. Luitgarde was born about 920 and died after 978.
Research Notes: Second wife of William I "Longsword"
Source: Wikipedia - Herbert II, Count of Vermandois
Seventh Generation 18. Ralph II de Toeni, Seigneur de Tosni 6 (Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born before 970 in <Tosni>, France and died after 1015. Another name for Ralph was Rodulf II de Toeni.
Ralph married someone.
+ 23 M i. Roger "the Spaniard" de Toeni 6 was born about 990 in <Tosni>, France, died about 1039 about age 49, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France.
19. Harald "Graenske" Gudrodsson 13 (Gudrod Bjornsson14, Bjorn "the Merchant" Haraldsson, Prince of Norway10, Svanhild Eysteinsdatter7, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 960 in <Vestfold, Norway> and died about 995 about age 35.
Harald married Asta Gudbrandsdatter,13 daughter of Gudbrand "Kula" Olafsson and Ulfhild,. Asta was born about 970 in <Vestfold, Norway>. Another name for Asta was Astrid Gudbrandsdatter.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 24 M i. Olaf II "the Saint" Haraldsson, King of Norway 13 was born about 995 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>, died on 29 Jul 1030 in Stiklestad, Norway about age 35, and was buried on 3 Aug 1030 in St. Clemens-Kirke, Trondheim, Sor-Trondelag, Norway.
20. Hlodver Thorfinnsson, Earl of Orkney 19 (Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 924 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died between 980 and 988 in Hofn, Caithness, Scotland. Another name for Hlodver was Lodver Thorfinnsson Earl of Orkney.
Hlodver married Audna Kjarvalsdatter 13 about 959 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland. Audna was born about 928 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>. Other names for Audna were Edna Kjarvalsdatter and Ethne Kjarvalsdatter.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 25 M i. Sigurd II "Digri" Hlodversson 13 was born about 960 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died on 23 Apr 1014 in Battle of Clontarf, Dublin, Ireland about age 54, and was buried in Burial Mound, Hofry, Caithness, Scotland.
+ 26 F ii. Hvarflad Hlodversdatter 19 was born about 962 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
21. Adelaide, de Poitou 30 31 (Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 945 and died on 15 Jun 1006 about age 61. Another name for Adelaide was Alix of Poitou.
Adelaide married Hugh Capet, King of France,37 38 son of Hugh Magnus, Count of Paris and Hedwig, of Saxony, Summer 968. Hugh was born Winter 941 in France, died on 24 Oct 996 in Les Juifs, Chartres, France at age 55, and was buried in St. Denis Basilica, Paris, (Île-de-France), France. Another name for Hugh was Hugues Capet Duke of the Franks, King of France.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 144A-20
Birth Notes: Birth date variously given as Aft. 939, winter 941
Death Notes: Another source says d. in Paris.
Research Notes: King of France 987-996. First of the Capetian kings of France. Count of Poitou, Count of Orleans.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), Line 141-20.
Also Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
From Wikipedia - Hugh Capet :
Hugh Capet[1] (c. 940 - 24 October 996 ) was the first King of France of the eponymous Capetian dynasty from his election to succeed the Carolingian Louis V in 987 until his death.
Descent and inheritance
The son of Hugh the Great , Duke of France , and Hedwige of Saxony , daughter of the German king Henry the Fowler , Hugh was born about 940. His paternal family, the Robertians , were powerful landowners in the Île-de-France . His grandfather had been King Robert I and his grandmother Beatrice was a Carolingian, a daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois . King Odo was his great uncle and King Rudolph Odo's son-in-law. Hugh was born into a well-connected and powerful family with many ties to the reigning nobility of Europe.[2] But for all this, Hugh's father was never king. When Rudolph died in 936, Hugh the Great organized the return of Louis d'Outremer , son of Charles the Simple , from his exile at the court of Athelstan of England . Hugh's motives are unknown, but it is presumed that he acted to forestall Rudolph's brother and successor as Duke of Burgundy, Hugh the Black from taking the French throne, or to prevent it from falling into the grasping hands of Herbert II of Vermandois or William Longsword , Count of Rouen .[3]
In 956, Hugh inherited his father's estates and became one of the most powerful nobles in the much-reduced West Frankish kingdom . However, as he was not yet an adult, his uncle Bruno , Archbishop of Cologne , acted as regent . Young Hugh's neighbours made the most of the opportunity. Theobald I of Blois , a former vassal of Hugh the Great, took the counties of Chartres and Châteaudun . Further south, on the border of the kingdom, Fulk II of Anjou , another former client of Hugh the Great, carved out a principality at Hugh's expense and that of the Bretons .[4]...
Election and extent of power
From 978 to 986, Hugh Capet allied himself with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with Archbishop Adalberon of Reims to dominate the Carolingian king, Lothair . By 986, he was king in all but name. After Lothair and his son died in early 987, the archbishop of Reims and Gerbert of Aurillac convened an assembly of nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king....
Dispute with the papacy
Hugh made Arnulf Archbishop of Reims in 988, even though Arnulf was the nephew of the his bitter rival, Charles of Lorraine . Charles thereupon succeeded in capturing Reims and took the archbishop prisoner. Hugh, however, considered Arnulf a turncoat and demanded his deposition by Pope John XV . The turn of events outran the messages, when Hugh captured both Charles and Arnulf and convoked a synod at Reims in June 991, which obediently deposed Arnulf and chose as his successor Gerbert of Aurillac. These proceedings were repudiated by Rome, although a second synod had ratified the decrees issued at Reims. John XV summoned the French bishops to hold an independent synod outside the King's realm, at Aachen , to reconsider the case. When they refused, he called them to Rome, but they protested that the unsettled conditions en route and in Rome made that impossible. The Pope then sent a legate with instructions to call a council of French and German bishops at Mousson , where only the German bishops appeared, the French being stopped on the way by Hugh and Robert.
Through the exertions of the legate, the deposition of Arnulf was finally pronounced illegal. After Hugh's death, Arnulf was released from his imprisonment and soon restored to all his dignities.
Legacy
Hugh Capet died on 24 October 996 in Paris and was interred in the Saint Denis Basilica . His son Robert continued to reign.
Most historians regard the beginnings of modern France with the coronation of Hugh Capet. This is because, as Count of Paris , he made the city his power center. The monarch began a long process of exerting control of the rest of the country from there.
He is regarded as the founder of the Capetian dynasty . The direct Capetians, or the House of Capet , ruled France from 987 to 1328; thereafter, the Kingdom was ruled by collateral branches of the dynasty. All French Kings down to Louis Philippe , and royal pretenders since then, have been members of the dynasty (the Bonapartes styled themselves emperors rather than kings). As of 2007 , the Capetian dynasty is still the head of state in the kingdom of Spain (in the person of the Bourbon Juan Carlos ) and the duchy of Luxembourg , being the oldest continuously reigning dynasty in Europe. Queen Elizabeth II is a direct descendent of Hugh Capet.
Marriage and issue
Hugh Capet married Adelaide , daughter of William Towhead , Count of Poitou . Their children are as follows:
A number of other daughters are less reliably attested.[10]
References
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Paris: 956-996.
• King of France: 987-996.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 27 F i. Hedwig, of France 39 was born about 969 and died after 1013.
+ 28 M ii. Robert II "the Pious", King of France 40 41 was born on 27 Mar 972 in Orléans, Orléanais, (Loiret), France and died on 20 Jul 1031 in Meulan, Normandy, France at age 59.
22. Richard I, Duke of Normandy 23 33 34 35 36 (William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born on 28 Aug 933 in <Fécamp>, Normandy, (France), died on 20 Nov 996 in Fécamp, Seine-Inferieure, France at age 63, and was buried in Fécamp, Seine-Inferieure, France. Other names for Richard were Richard I "Sans Peur" Duke of Normandy and Richard I "the Fearless" Duke of Normandy.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has b. abt 933 in Fecamp, France.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Richard I, Duke of Normandy :
Richard I of Normandy (born 28 August 933 , in Fécamp Normandy , France died November 20 , 996 , in Fécamp) was the Duke of Normandy from 942 to 996; he is considered the first to actually have held that title. He was called Richard the Fearless (French, Sans Peur).
Birth
He was born to William I of Normandy , ruler of Normandy, and his wife, Sprota . He was still a boy when his father died in 942. His mother was a Breton concubine captured in war and bound to William by a Danish marriage. After William died, Sprota became the wife of Esperleng, a wealthy miller; Rodulf of Ivry was their son and Richard's half-brother.
Life
Richard was still a boy when his father died, and so he was powerless to stop Louis IV of France when he seized Normandy. Louis kept him in confinement in his youth at Lâon, but he escaped with the assistance of Osmond de Centville , Bernard de Senlis (who had been a companion of Rollo of Normandy ), Ivo de Bellčsme , and Bernard the Dane (ancestor of families of Harcourt and Beaumont ). In 968, Richard agreed to "commend" himself to Hugh, Count of Paris. He then allied himself with the Norman and Viking leaders, drove Louis out of Rouen, and took back Normandy by 947. He later quarrelled with Ethelred II of England regarding Viking invasions of England because Normandy had been buying up much of the stolen booty.
Richard was bilingual, having been well educated at Bayeux. He was more partial to his Danish subjects than to the French. During his reign, Normandy became completely Gallicized and Christianized. He introduced the feudal system and Normandy became one of the most thoroughly feudalized states on the continent. He carried out a major reorganization of the Norman military system, based on heavy cavalry. He also became guardian of the young Hugh, Count of Paris, on the elder Hugh's death in 956.
Marriages
He married 1st (960) Emma (not to be confused with Emma of France ), daughter of Hugh "The Great" of France , and Hedwiga de Sachsen . They were betrothed when both were very young. She died 19 Mar 968, with no issue.
According to Robert of Torigni , not long after Emma's death, Duke Richard went out hunting and stopped at the house of a local forester. He became enamoured of the forester's wife, Seinfreda, but she being a virtuous woman, suggested he court her unmarried sister, Gunnor , instead. Gunnor became his mistress, and her family rose to prominence. Her brother, Herefast de Crepon , may have been involved in a controversial heresy trial. Gunnor was, like Richard, of Norse descent, being a Dane by blood. Richard finally married her to legitimize their children:
Mistresses
Richard was known to have had several other mistresses and produced children with many of them. Known children are:
Death
He died in Fecamp , France on November 20 , 996 of natural causes.
Noted events in his life were:
• Named: his father's heir, 29 May 942.
Richard married Gunnora, de Crepon.23 42 43 Gunnora was born about 936 in <Normandy, (France)> and died about 1031 in France about age 95. Other names for Gunnora were Gonnor de Crepon and Gunnor de Crępon.
Research Notes: First wife of Richard I - Danish wife. Then married Emma. After Emma died about 968, married Gunnora in a Christian marriage to legitimize their children.
Herfast de Crepon was her brother.
From Wikipedia - Gunnora, Duchess of Normandy :
Gunnora or Gunnor (c. 936-1031) was the wife and consort of Richard I of Normandy . Her parentage is unknown, earliest sources reporting solely that she was of Danish ancestry and naming siblings including brother Herfast de Crepon who is sometimes erroneously given as her father.
She was living with her sister Seinfreda, the wife of a local forester, when Richard, hunting nearby, heard of the beauty of the forester's wife. He is said to have ordered Seinfreda to come to his bed, but the lady substituted her unmarried sister, Gunnora. Richard, it is said, was pleased that by this subterfuge he had been saved from committing adultery, and the two became lovers. Gunnora long acted as Richard's mistress or wife by more danico , but when Richard was prevented from nominating their son Robert to be Archbishop of Rouen , the two were married, making their children legitimate in the eyes of the church.
Gunnora, both as mistress and duchess, was able to use her influence to see her kin favored, and several of the most prominent Conquest-era Norman magnates, including the Montgomery , Warenne , Mortimer , Vernon/Redvers , and Fitz Osbern families, were descendants of her brother and sisters.
Richard and Gunnora were parents to six children:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 29 F i. Emma, Princess of Normandy 44 45 died in 1052.
+ 30 M ii. Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne 23 46 was born about 953 in <Brionne>, Normandy, (France) and died about 1015 about age 62.
+ 31 M iii. Robert II d'Évreux, Count of Évreux 47 was born about 965 in Normandy, France and died in 1037 about age 72.
+ 32 M iv. Richard II, Duke of Normandy 48 49 50 51 was born about 985 in Normandy, (France), died on 28 Aug 1027 in Fécamp, Normandy, France about age 42, and was buried in Fécamp, Normandy, France.
Richard next married someone.
+ 33 F i. <Papia> .
Richard had a relationship with < >, [Concubine of Richard I].34 This couple did not marry.
Richard next married Emma, of Paris, daughter of Hugh Capet, King of France and Unknown, in 960. Emma died about 968.
Marriage Notes: Betrothed about 945 and married 960
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-20 (Richard I)
Eighth Generation 23. Roger "the Spaniard" de Toeni 6 (Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 990 in <Tosni>, France, died about 1039 about age 49, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France. Other names for Roger were Roger "the Spaniard" de Conches and Roger de Toeni.
Roger married Godehilde Borrell.52 Godehilde was born about 995 in <Tosni>, (Eure, ) France and died after 1077. Another name for Godehilde was Godeheut Borrell.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 34 M i. Ralph de Toeni, de Conches 52 was born about 1029 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England, died on 24 Mar 1102 about age 73, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France.
+ 35 F ii. Alice de Toeni 6 was born about 1035 in <Tosni>, France and was buried in Lire Abbey, Normandy, France.
24. Olaf II "the Saint" Haraldsson, King of Norway 13 (Harald "Graenske" Gudrodsson19, Gudrod Bjornsson14, Bjorn "the Merchant" Haraldsson, Prince of Norway10, Svanhild Eysteinsdatter7, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 995 in <Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway>, died on 29 Jul 1030 in Stiklestad, Norway about age 35, and was buried on 3 Aug 1030 in St. Clemens-Kirke, Trondheim, Sor-Trondelag, Norway.
Olaf married Alfhild.13 Alfhild was born about 1002 in <Bergen, Bergen, Norway>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 36 M i. Magnus I "the Good" Olafsson, King of Norway 13 was born about 1024 in <Norway> and died on 25 Oct 1047 about age 23.
25. Sigurd II "Digri" Hlodversson 13 (Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 960 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died on 23 Apr 1014 in Battle of Clontarf, Dublin, Ireland about age 54, and was buried in Burial Mound, Hofry, Caithness, Scotland.
Sigurd married Anleta "Thora Donada" MacKenneth,13 daughter of Malcolm II, King of Scots and Unknown, about 988 in Scotland. Anleta was born about 968 in <Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland>.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, line 170-18 (Mael-Coluim)
The child from this marriage was:
+ 37 M i. Thorfinn II "the Black" Sigurdsson, Earl of Orkney 13 was born about 989 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1064 in <Christ's Kirk, Birdsey, Scotland> about age 75.
Sigurd next married someone.
+ 38 M i. Brusi Sigurdsson 53 was born about 987 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1031 in Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 44.
26. Hvarflad Hlodversdatter 19 (Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 962 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>. Other names for Hvarflad were Nereid Hlodversdatter and Svalaug Hlodversdatter.
Hvarflad married Gille, Earl of the Hebrides 19 about 990. Gille was born about 958 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 39 M i. Gille Adoman I Gilleson 19 was born about 976 in <Orkney, Scotland>.
27. Hedwig, of France 39 (Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 969 and died after 1013.
Hedwig married Régnier IV, Count of Hainaut,54 son of Régnier III, Count of Hainaut and Unknown, in 996. Régnier was born about 950 and died in 1013 about age 63.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Hainaut: 1013.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 40 M i. Régnier V, Count of Hainaut 55 died after 1039.
28. Robert II "the Pious", King of France 40 41 (Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born on 27 Mar 972 in Orléans, Orléanais, (Loiret), France and died on 20 Jul 1031 in Meulan, Normandy, France at age 59. Other names for Robert were Robert Sanctus King of France, Robert Capet Sanctus and King of France.
Death Notes: Melun, France?
Research Notes: Count of Paris, King of France
From Wikipedia - Robert II of France:
Robert II (27 March 972 - 20 July 1031 ), called the Pious or the Wise, was King of France from 996 until his death. The second reigning member of the House of Capet , he was born in Orléans to Hugh Capet and Adelaide of Aquitaine .
Co-rule with father
Immediately after his own coronation, Robert's father Hugh began to push for the coronation of Robert. "The essential means by which the early Capetians were seen to have kept the throne in their family was through the association of the eldest surviving son in the royalty during the father's lifetime," Andrew W. Lewis has observed, in tracing the phenomenon in this line of kings who lacked dynastic legitimacy.[1] Hugh's claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona , an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated a co-king, should he die while on expedition.[2] Ralph Glaber , however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to control the nobility.[3] Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the claims of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain.[4] Robert was eventually crowned on 30 December 987. A measure of Hugh's success is that when Hugh died in 996, Robert continued to reign without any succession dispute, but during his long reign actual royal power dissipated into the hands of the great territorial magnates.
Robert had begun to take on active royal duties with his father in the early 990s. In 991, he helped his father prevent the French bishops from trekking to Mousson in the Kingdom of Germany for a synod called by Pope John XV , with whom Hugh was then in disagreement.
Marital problems
As early as 989, having been rebuffed in his search for a Byzantine princess,[5]Hugh Capet arranged for Robert to marry the recently-widowed daughter of Berengar II of Italy , Rozala , who took the name of Susannah upon becoming Queen.[6] She was many years his senior. She was the widow of Arnulf II of Flanders , with whom she had children, the oldest of whom was of age to assume the offices of count of Flanders. Robert divorced her within a year of his father's death. He tried instead to marry Bertha , daughter of Conrad of Burgundy , around the time of his father's death. She was a widow of Odo I of Blois , but was also Robert's cousin. For reasons of consanguinity , Pope Gregory V refused to sanction the marriage, and Robert was excommunicated. After long negotiations with Gregory's successor, Sylvester II , the marriage was annulled.
Finally, in 1001, Robert entered into his final and longest-lasting marriage: to Constance of Arles , the daughter of William I of Provence . She was an ambitious and scheming woman, who made life miserable for her husband by encouraging her sons to revolt against their father.
Piety
Robert, however, despite his marital problems, was a very devout Catholic, hence his sobriquet "the Pious." He was musically inclined, being a composer, chorister, and poet, and making his palace a place of religious seclusion, where he conducted the matins and vespers in his royal robes. However, to contemporaries, Robert's "piety", resulted from his lack of toleration for heretics: he harshly punished them.
Children
Robert had no children from his short-lived marriage to Susanna. His illegal marriage to Bertha gave him one stillborn son in 999, but only Constance gave him surviving children:[7]
Robert also left an illegitimate son: Rudolph, Bishop of Bourges
Sources
Noted events in his life were:
• King of France: 1 Jan 996-1031.
Robert married Rosela, of Ivrea 56 before Apr 988. Another name for Rosela was Susanna of Ivrea.
Research Notes: 1st wife of Robert II. Her second husband. Robert II repudiated her in 992.
Noted events in her life were:
• Repudiated: 922.
Robert next married Bertha, of Burgundy,57 daughter of Conrad I, King of Burgundy, King of West Franks and Mathilda, of France, in 995. Bertha was born about 964 and died after 1010.
Research Notes: 2nd wife of Robert II. Widow of Eudes I.
Noted events in her life were:
• Repudiated: 998.
Robert next married Constance, of Provence,58 59 daughter of William II, Count of Arles and Provence and Adelaide "la Blanche", of Anjou, in 998. Constance was born about 986, died on 25 Jul 1032 in Melun, France about age 46, and was buried in St. Denis Basilica, Paris, (Île-de-France), France. Other names for Constance were Constance of Arles and Gisant of Arles.
Research Notes: Third wife of Robert II of France.
From Wikipedia - Constance of Arles :
Constance of Arles (also known as Constance of Provence) (986 - July 25 , 1034 ) was the third wife and queen of King Robert II of France . She was the daughter of William I , count of Provence and great-grandson of Charles-Constantine ; and Adelais of Anjou , daughter of Fulk II of Anjou . She was the sister of Count William II of Provence .
In 1003 , she was married to King Robert, after his divorce from his second wife, Bertha of Burgundy . The marriage was stormy; Bertha's family opposed her, and Constance was despised for importing her Provençal kinfolk. Robert's friend, Hugh of Beauvais, tried to convince the king to repudiate her in 1007 . Constance's response was to have Beauvais murdered by the knights of her kinsman, Fulk Nerra . In 1010 Robert even went to Rome, accompanied by his former wife Bertha, to seek permission to divorce Constance and remarry Bertha. Constance encouraged her sons to revolt against their father, and then favored her younger son, Robert, over her elder son, Henri.
During the famous trial of Herefast de Crepon (who was alleged to be involved with a heretical sect of canons, nuns, and clergy in 1022 [1]), the crowd outside the church in Orleans became so unruly that, according to Moore:
At the king's command, Queen Constance stood before the doors of the Church, to prevent the common people from killing them inside the Church, and they were expelled from the bosom of the Church. As they were being driven out, the queen struck out the eye of Stephen, who had once been her confessor, with the staff which she carried in her hand.
The symbolism, or reality, of putting an eye out is used often in medieval accounts to show the ultimate sin of breaking of one's oath, whether it be heresy, or treason to ones lordship, or in this case both. Stephen's eye was put out by the hand of a Queen wielding a staff (royal scepters were usually tipped with a cross) thus symbolically providing justice for the treasoned lord on earth and in heaven.
Constance and Robert had seven children:
Advisa, Countess of Auxerre, (c.1003-after 1063), married Count Renaud I of Nevers
Hugh Magnus, co-king (1007 -September 17 , 1025 )
Henri (May 4 , 1008 -August 4 , 1060 )
Adela, Countess of Contenance (1009 -June 5 , 1063 ), married (1) Duke Richard III of Normandy (2) Count Baldwin V of Flanders
Robert I, Duke of Burgundy (1011 -March 21 , 1076 )
Eudes (1013 -1056 )
Constance (1014 -unknown), married Manasses de Dammartin
At Constance's urging, her eldest son Hugh Magnus was crowned co-king alongside his father in 1017 . Hugh Magnus demanded his parents share power with him, and rebelled against his father in 1025 . He died suddenly later that year, an exile and a fugitive. Robert and Constance quarrelled over which of their surviving sons should inherit the throne; Robert favored their second son Henri , while Constance favored their third son, Robert . Despite his mother's protests, Henry was crowned in 1027 . Fulbert, bishop of Chartres wrote a letter claiming that he was "frightened away" from the consecration of Henry "by the savagery of his mother, who is quite trustworthy when she promises evil."
Constance encouraged her sons to rebel, and Henri and Robert began attacking and pillaging the towns and castles belonging to their father. Robert attacked Burgundy , the duchy he had been promised but had never received, and Henry seized Dreux . At last King Robert agreed to their demands and peace was made which lasted until the king's death.
King Robert died in 1031 , and soon Constance was at odds with both her elder son, Henri , and her younger son Robert . Constance seized her dower lands and refused to surrender them. Henri fled to Normandy, where he received aid, weapons, and soldiers from his brother Robert. He returned to besiege his mother at Poissy , but Constance escaped to Pontoise . She only surrendered when Henri began the siege of Le Puiset and swore to slaughter all the inhabitants.
Constance died in 1034 , and was buried beside her husband Robert at Saint-Denis Basilica .
Children from this marriage were:
+ 41 F i. Adčle, of France, Countess of Auxerre 60 was born about 1003 and died about 1063 about age 60.
+ 42 M ii. Hugh Magnus, of France was born in 1007 and died on 17 Sep 1025 at age 18.
+ 43 M iii. Henry I, of France 61 62 was born on 4 May 1008 in Reims, Marne, Champagne, France, died on 4 Aug 1060 in Vitry-en-Brie, France at age 52, and was buried in St. Denis Basilica, Paris, (Île-de-France), France.
+ 44 F iv. Adele Capet, Princess of France 63 64 was born about 1009 and died about 8 Jan 1079 in Messines Monastery, Messines (Mesen), West Flanders, (Belgium) about age 70.
+ 45 M v. Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy 65 66 was born about 1011 and died on 21 Mar 1076 about age 65.
+ 46 M vi. Odo was born in 1013 and died about 1056 about age 43.
+ 47 F vii. Constance Capet 67 68 was born about 1014 in France.
29. Emma, Princess of Normandy 44 45 (Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died in 1052.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 1-18 (Aethelred II)
Emma married Ćthelred II "the Redeless", King of England,45 69 70 son of Edgar "the Peaceful", King of England and Ćlfthryth, about 1002. Ćthelred was born about 968 in <Wessex>, England, died on 23 Apr 1016 in <London, Middlesex>, England about age 48, and was buried in St. Paul's, London, Middlesex, England. Another name for Ćthelred was Ethelred II "the Unready" King of England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Ethelred the Unready :
Ethelred II (c. 968 - April 23 , 1016 ), also known as Ethelred the Unready or Aethelred the Unready (Old English Ćţelrćd Unrćd), was King of England (978 -1013 , and 1014 -1016 ). He was the son of Edgar , King of all England (959 -975 ) and Ćlfthryth . The majority of his reign (991 -1016) was marked by a defensive war against Viking invaders...
Conflict with the Danes
England had experienced a period of peace after the reconquest of the Danelaw in the mid-10th century . However, a new wave of raids began in 980 and a sizable Danish force began a sustained campaign in 991 . During the next quarter of a century England was devastated by a succession of large Danish armies, either under the leadership of King Sweyn I of Denmark or of other commanders such as Olaf Tryggvason and Thorkell the Tall , which Ethelred's government failed to combat effectively. He was only able to halt the depredations of these armies by the payment of large sums of money known as Danegeld . Each payment led to the withdrawal of the Danes, but on each occasion a fresh onslaught began after a year or two, and each Danegeld payment was much larger than the last. Ethelred's most desperate response was the massacre of the Danes living in England on St Brice 's Day (November 13 ) 1002 . Finally in 1013 English resistance collapsed and Sweyn conquered the country, forcing Ethelred into exile, but after his victory Sweyn lived for only another five weeks. In 1014 , Canute the Great was proclaimed King of England by the Danish army in England, but was forced out of England that year. Canute launched a new invasion in 1015 . Subsequently, Ethelred's control of England was already collapsing once again when he died at London on 23 April 1016 . Ethelred was buried in St Paul's and was succeeded by his son, Edmund Ironside .
Marriages and issue
Ethelred married first Ćlfgifu , daughter of Thored , the ealdorman of York , by whom he had six sons: Ćthelstan Ćtheling (died 1011), Edmund Ironside , Ecgberht Ćtheling , Eadred Ćtheling , Eadwig Ćtheling (killed 1017) and Eadgar Ćtheling the Elder . They also had as many as four daughters: Edith, who married Eadric Streona , ealdorman of Mercia , and Ćlfgifu, who married Uchtred the Bold , ealdorman of Bamburgh . Less certainly there may also have been a daughter named Wulfhild married to Ulfcytel Snillingr , and perhaps a fourth daughter, whose name is not recorded, who was abbess of Wherwell .
His second marriage, in 1002, was to Emma of Normandy , whose grandnephew, William I of England , would later use this relationship as the basis of his claim on the throne. They had two sons, Eadweard (later King of England and known now as Edward the Confessor ) and Ćlfred Ćtheling . By this marriage, he also had Goda of England , who married Drogo of Mantes , Count of Vexin ...
Noted events in his life were:
• King of England: 978-1016.
Emma next married Canute, King of Denmark and England in 1017.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 1-18 (Aethelred II)
30. Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne 23 46 (Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 953 in <Brionne>, Normandy, (France) and died about 1015 about age 62. Another name for Geoffrey was Geoffroy Comte d'Eu et Brionne.
Research Notes: Possibly the father of Giselbert "Crispin."
Geoffrey married Haloise de Guînes.71 Haloise was born about 942.
Research Notes: Supposedly the mother of Giselbert "Crispin" (father uncertain).
The child from this marriage was:
+ 48 M i. Giselbert "Crispin" de Brionne 23 71 72 was born about 1000 in <Normandy>, France and died in 1040 near Eschafour, <Normandy>, (France) about age 40.
31. Robert II d'Évreux, Count of Évreux 47 (Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 965 in Normandy, France and died in 1037 about age 72. Another name for Robert was Robert de Normandie.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Robert II (Archbishop of Rouen) :
Robert II was son of duke Richard I of Normandy and his second wife Gunnora . He was a younger brother of duke Richard II , and uncle of duke Robert II . He was archbishop of Rouen (989 to 1037), to which at that time his marriage was not an impediment, and also count of Évreux .
In the 990s, archishop Robert plotted to cause the overthrow of the Capetians from the throne they very recently had obtained.
The early years of duke Robert II's reign were turbulent: his elder brother Richard II had died suddenly after a year of ruling the duchy, and Robert II was naturally accused of fratricide. Archbishop Robert evidently believed it, and duke Robert II laid siege to him at Évreux, forcing him into exile: he laid all of Normandy under an interdict. For several years conditions worsened: with even Alan III of Brittany joining in the attack on the duke. But by 1031, "the situation had been largely retrieved, and the chief agent in effecting the recovery was the metropolitan archbishop of Rouen." Archbishop Robert was always closely involved in the government of the duchy. Without him, duke Robert II would never have been able to rule. His uncle's support was essential. Archbishop Robert was recalled from exile and the stabilization of Normandy began. A reconciliation took place: the interdict was lifted. The war with Brittany was ended by his mediation. From this time until his death in 1037 he was the dominant political influence in the duchy of Normandy.
Robert married Harleve of Rouen and had the following children by her:[1]
Richard, Count of Évreux (d. 1067).
Rudolph d'Évreux
daughter, married Gerard de Fleitel
William d'Évreux (may be fictitious)
Duke Robert II went on pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1035 and died in progress. According to duke Robert's will, archbishop Robert became the regent of the duchy and the main guardian of the little heir, Robert II's bastard son, William .
For a couple of years all was peaceful enough. But the death of archbishop Robert on 16 March 1037 ended the stability of the duchy. William the bastard's relatives sought to remove him, resulting in the long anarchy of his minority.
Noted events in his life were:
• Archbishop of Rouen: 989-1037.
Robert married Harleve, of Rouen.47 73 Harleve was born about 968 in <Normandy>, France. Another name for Harleve was Harlive de Rouen.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 49 M i. Richard d'Évreux, Count of Évreux 73 74 75 was born about 986 in Rouen, Normandy, France and died in 1067 in Normandy, France about age 81.
32. Richard II, Duke of Normandy 48 49 50 51 (Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 985 in Normandy, (France), died on 28 Aug 1027 in Fécamp, Normandy, France about age 42, and was buried in Fécamp, Normandy, France. Other names for Richard were Richard II 4th Duc de Normandie and Richard II "the Good" Duke of Normandy.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch and thepeerage.com have b. abt. 963.
Research Notes: Duke of Normandy 20 Nov. 996-1026.
From Wikipedia - Richard II, Duke of Normandy :
Richard II (born 23 August 963, in Normandy , France - 28 August 1027, in Normandy), called the Good, was the son and heir of Richard I the Fearless and Gunnora . He succeeded his father as Duke of Normandy in 996. Richard held his own against a peasant insurrection, and helped Robert II of France against the duchy of Burgundy . He also repelled an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led by Ethelred II of England. He pursued a reform of the Norman monasteries.
Richard attempted to improve relations with England through his sister's marriage to King Ethelred, but she was strongly disliked by the English. However, this connection later gave his grandson, William the Conqueror , part of his claim to the throne of England.
He married firstly (996) Judith (982-1017), daughter of Conan I of Brittany , by whom he had the following issue:
Secondly he married Poppa of Envermeu, by whom he had the following issue:
Traditionally, Richard had a third wife named Astrid (Estritha), daughter of Sweyn Forkbeard , King of England , Denmark , and Norway , and Sigrid the Haughty . This is extremely unlikely, however, given the political situation.
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Normandy: 20 Nov 996.
Richard married Judith, of Brittany,48 76 77 daughter of Conan I, Count of Rennes, Duke of Brittany and Ermengarde, of Anjou, about 996 in Normandy, France. Judith was born about 982 in <Bretagne, (France)> and died on 16 Jun 1017 in Normandy, France about age 35. Another name for Judith was Judith de Bretagne.
Research Notes: First wife of Richard II. Founded abbey of Bernay, Normandy, abt 1026.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132A-22
From Wikipedia - Judith of Brittany :
Judith of Brittany (982 - 1017) was the daughter of Conan I, Duke of Brittany and the mother of Robert the Magnificent .
She was the first wife of Richard the Good, Duke of Normandy , whom she married in 996. They had six children:
The duchess Judith died in 1017 and was buried in the abbey of Bernay, which she had founded.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 50 M i. Richard III, Duke of Normandy 78 was born about 997 and died on 6 Aug 1028 about age 31.
+ 51 F ii. Adelais, de Normandie 48 was born about 1007 in <Normandy, France> and died about 1037 in France about age 30.
+ 52 M iii. Robert I, Duke of Normandy 79 80 81 82 was born about 1008 in Normandy, France and died on 22 Jul 1035 in Nicaea, Bythnia, (Turkey) about age 27.
Richard next married Astrid, of Denmark, daughter of Swen I, King of Denmark and Unknown, in 1017. Another name for Astrid was Margaret of Denmark.
Research Notes: Second wife of Richard II "the Good."
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-21 (Richard II)
Richard next married Poppa about 1024.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 121E-21 (Richard II)
33. <Papia> (Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Illegitimate daughter of Richard I, d. 996, Duke of Normandy.
<Papia> married Richard FitzGilbert, Seigneur of Hugleville & Auffay,33 45 son of Gilbert de St. Valerie and Unknown,. Richard was born about 1005 in <France>. Another name for Richard was Richard de Hugleville.
Research Notes: From Ancestral Roots, Line 177-3 (Nesta):
"Seigneur of Hugleville and Auffay in Normandy, seen 1025-1053 (s. Gilbert de St. Valerie (Valery), seen 1011, advocate of St. Valerie, protector of the monastery of Fecamp)..."
The child from this marriage was:
+ 53 F i. Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville 33 45 was born about 1030 in <Saint-Valéry-en-Caux>, Haute-Normandie, France.
Ninth Generation 34. Ralph de Toeni, de Conches 52 (Roger "the Spaniard" de23, Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1029 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England, died on 24 Mar 1102 about age 73, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France. Another name for Ralph was Ralph de Conches.
Ralph married Isabel de Montfort,52 daughter of Simon I de Montfort and Isabel de Broyes, about 1076 in Île-de-France, France. Isabel was born about 1058 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England. Other names for Isabel were Elizabeth Montford and Isabel Montford.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 54 M i. Ralph de Toeni, de Conches 52 was born about 1079 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England, died about 1126 in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France about age 47, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France.
35. Alice de Toeni 6 (Roger "the Spaniard" de23, Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1035 in <Tosni>, France and was buried in Lire Abbey, Normandy, France. Another name for Alice was Adelise de Toeni.
Alice married William FitzOsbern,6 son of Osbern and Emma, of Ivry, about 1051 in France. William was born about 1030 in <Poitiers>, Poitou, (Vienne), France, died on 20 Feb 1071 in Flanders about age 41, and was buried in Cormeilles Abbey, Normandy (Eure), France.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 55 F i. Emma FitzOsbern 6 was born about 1059 in <Breteuil>, Normandy, France and died after 1095.
36. Magnus I "the Good" Olafsson, King of Norway 13 (Olaf II "the Saint" Haraldsson, King of Norway24, Harald "Graenske" Gudrodsson19, Gudrod Bjornsson14, Bjorn "the Merchant" Haraldsson, Prince of Norway10, Svanhild Eysteinsdatter7, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1024 in <Norway> and died on 25 Oct 1047 about age 23.
Magnus married someone.
+ 56 F i. Ragnhild Magnusdatter, Princess of Norway 13 was born about 1041 in <Norway>.
37. Thorfinn II "the Black" Sigurdsson, Earl of Orkney 13 (Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 989 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1064 in <Christ's Kirk, Birdsey, Scotland> about age 75.
Thorfinn married Ingeborg Finnsdatter,13 daughter of Finn Arnesson, Earl of Halland and Unknown, before 1038. Ingeborg was born about 1021 in <Osteraat, Yrje, Norway> and died about 1066 about age 45.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 57 M i. Paul Thorfinnsson, Jarl of Orkney and Caithness 13 was born about 1040 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1103 in Bergen, Hordaland, Norway about age 63.
38. Brusi Sigurdsson 53 (Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 987 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1031 in Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 44. Another name for Brusi was Brucie Sigurdsson.
Brusi married Ostrida Regenwaldsdatter 53 about 1010 in Orkney Islands, Scotland. Ostrida was born about 990 in <Gothland, Sweden>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 58 M i. Ragnvald Brusesson 53 was born about 1011 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died in Dec 1046 in Papa Stronsay, Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 35, and was buried in Papa Westroy, Orkney, Scotland.
39. Gille Adoman I Gilleson 19 (Hvarflad Hlodversdatter26, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 976 in <Orkney, Scotland>.
Gille married someone.
+ 59 M i. Gillebride 19 was born about 1010 in <Scotland>.
40. Régnier V, Count of Hainaut 55 (Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died after 1039.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Hainaut: 1013.
Régnier married Mathilde, of Verdun,83 daughter of Herman von Enham, Count in Eifelgau, Count in Westphalia and Unknown, about 1015. Mathilde died about 1039.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 60 F i. Beatrix, of Hainaut 84 was born about 998 in <Hainaut, Belgium>.
41. Adčle, of France, Countess of Auxerre 60 (Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1003 and died about 1063 about age 60.
Adčle married Renaud I, Count of Nevers 85 about 1015. Renaud died on 29 May 1040.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Nevers: 1000-1040.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 61 M i. William I, Count of Nevers 86 was born about 1030 and died on 20 Jun 1100 about age 70.
42. Hugh Magnus, of France (Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1007 and died on 17 Sep 1025 at age 18.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Hugh Magnus of France :
Hugh (II) Magnus of France (French : Hugues le Grand) (1007 - 17 September 1025 ) was co-King of France under his father, Robert II , from 1017 until his death in 1025 . He was a member of the House of Capet , a son of Robert II by his third wife, Constance of Arles .
The first Capetian King of France, Hugh Capet , had ensured his family's succession to the throne by having his son, Robert II, crowned and accepted as King during his own lifetime; father and son had ruled together as King thenceforth until Hugh Capet's death. Robert II, when his son was old enough, determined to do the same. Hugh Magnus was thus crowned King of France on /19 June 1017 ,[1] and thenceforth ruled beside his father. However, when older, he rebelled against Robert.
Hugh is said to have been married (or betrothed) before his death to Halwisa (Hawisa?) or Elisabeth d'Avoye (the daughter of Henri l'Oiseteur), who later married Hamon Dapifer Crevecouer, Count of Corbeil.
Hugh died, perhaps of a fall from his horse,[2] at Compičgne in 1025/1026 while preparing a rebellion against his father, aged around 18 years old.[1]
Rodulfus Glaber was fulsome in his praise of the young king, writing: "My pen cannot express all of the great and good qualities that he showed...in all things he was better than the best. No elegy can ever equal his merits."
As a King of France, he would technically be Hugh II of France; however, he is rarely referred to as such.
References
^ a b Thys, Laurent, Histoire du Moyen Âge français, p. 88.
^ New Cambridge Medieval History, IV:124.
Sources
43. Henry I, of France 61 62 (Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born on 4 May 1008 in Reims, Marne, Champagne, France, died on 4 Aug 1060 in Vitry-en-Brie, France at age 52, and was buried in St. Denis Basilica, Paris, (Île-de-France), France.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Henry I of France :
Henry I (4 May 1008 - 4 August 1060 ) was King of France from 1031 to his death. The royal demesne of France reached its lowest point in terms of size during his reign and for this reason he is often seen as emblematic of the weakness of the early Capetians . This is not entirely agreed upon, however, as other historians regard him as a strong but realistic king, who was forced to conduct a policy mindful of the limitations of the French monarchy.
A member of the House of Capet , Henry was born in Reims , the son of King Robert II (972-1031) and Constance of Arles (986-1034). He was crowned King of France at the Cathedral in Reims on May 14 , 1027 , in the Capetian tradition, while his father still lived. He had little influence and power until he became sole ruler on his father's death.
The reign of Henry I, like those of his predecessors, was marked by territorial struggles. Initially, he joined his brother Robert , with the support of their mother, in a revolt against his father (1025 ). His mother, however, supported Robert as heir to the old king, on whose death Henry was left to deal with his rebel sibling. In 1032 , he placated his brother by giving him the duchy of Burgundy which his father had given him in 1016 .
In an early strategic move, Henry came to the rescue of his very young nephew-in-law, the newly appointed Duke William of Normandy (who would go on to become William the Conqueror ), to suppress a revolt by William's vassals. In 1047 , Henry secured the dukedom for William in their decisive victory over the vassals at the Battle of Val-čs-Dunes near Caen .
A few years later, when William, who was cousin to King Edward the Confessor of England (1042-66), married Matilda , the daughter of the count of Flanders , Henry feared William's potential power. In 1054 , and again in 1057 , Henry went to war to try to conquer Normandy from William, but on both occasions he was defeated. Despite his efforts, Henry I's twenty-nine-year reign saw feudal power in France reach its pinnacle.
Henry had three meetings with Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor -all at Ivois . In early 1043 , he met him to discuss the marriage of the emperor with Agnes of Poitou , the daughter of Henry's vassal. In October 1048 , the two Henries met again, but the subject of this meeting eludes us. The final meeting took place in May 1056 . It concerned disputes over Lorraine. The debate over the duchy became so heated that the king of France challenged his German counterpart to single combat. The emperor, however, was not so much a warrior and he fled in the night. But Henry did not get Lorraine.
King Henry I died on August 4 , 1060 in Vitry-en-Brie , France, and was interred in Saint Denis Basilica . He was succeeded by his son, Philip I of France , who was 7 at the time of his death; for six years Henry I's Queen, Anne of Kiev , ruled as regent.
He was also Duke of Burgundy from 1016 to 1032 , when he abdicated the duchy to his brother Robert Capet .
Marriages and family
Henry I was betrothed to Matilda, the daughter of the Emperor Conrad II (1024-39), but she died prematurely in 1034 . Henry I then married Matilda , daughter of Liudolf, Margrave of Frisia, but she died in 1044 , following a Caesarean section. Casting further afield in search of a third wife, Henry I married Anne of Kiev on May 19 , 1051 . They had four children:
Philip I (May 23, 1052 - July 30, 1108)
Emma (1054-?)
Robert (c. 1055-c. 1060)
Hugh the Great (1057-1102)
Noted events in his life were:
• King of France: 1031-1060.
• Count of Paris:
Henry married Anne, of Kiev,87 88 daughter of Yaroslav I, of Kiev and Ingegerd Olofsdotter, of Sweden, on 19 May 1051 in Cathedral de Rheims, Rheims, France. Anne was born between 1024 and 1032, died in 1075, and was buried in Villiers Abbey, La-Ferte-Alais, Essonne, (Île-de-France), France. Other names for Anne were Agnes of Kiev, Anna of Kiev, and Anna Yaroslavna.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 241-6 has m. 20 Jan 1044 or 1045. Wikipedia has 19 May 1051. Was 1044/45 the betrothal?
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots line 241-6 has d. aft. 1075
Research Notes: 3rd wife of Henry I of France.
From Wikipedia - Anne of Kiev :
Anne of Kiev or Anna Yaroslavna (between 1024 and 1032 - 1075 ), daughter of Yaroslav I of Kiev and his wife Ingegerd Olofsdotter , was the queen consort of France as the wife of Henry I , and regent for her son Philip I .
After the death of his first wife, Matilda, King Henry searched the courts of Europe for a suitable bride, but could not locate a princess who was not related to him within illegal degrees of kinship. At last he sent an embassy to distant Kiev , which returned with Anne (also called Agnes or Anna). Anne and Henry were married at the cathedral of Reims on May 19 , 1051 .
They had three sons:
For six years after Henry's death in 1060 , she served as regent for Philip, who was only seven at the time. She was the first queen of France to serve as regent. Her co-regent was Count Baldwin V of Flanders . Anne was a literate woman, rare for the time, but there was some opposition to her as regent on the grounds that her mastery of French was less than fluent.
A year after the king's death, Anne, acting as regent, took a passionate fancy for Count Ralph III of Valois , a man whose political ambition encouraged him to repudiate his wife to marry Anne in 1062 . Accused of adultery, Ralph's wife appealed to Pope Alexander II , who excommunicated the couple. The young king Philip forgave his mother, which was just as well, since he was to find himself in a very similar predicament in the 1090s . Ralph died in September 1074 , at which time Anne returned to the French court. She died in 1075 , was buried at Villiers Abbey , La-Ferte-Alais , Essonne and her obits were celebrated on September 5 .
Sources
Retrieved from ""
Children from this marriage were:
+ 62 M i. Philip I, of France was born on 23 May 1052 and died on 30 Jul 1108 at age 56.
+ 63 F ii. Emma 89 was born in 1054.
+ 64 M iii. Robert was born about 1055 and died about 1060 about age 5.
+ 65 M iv. Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France 90 91 was born in 1057 and died on 18 Oct 1102 in Tarsus, Cilicia, (Turkey) at age 45.
44. Adele Capet, Princess of France 63 64 (Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1009 and died about 8 Jan 1079 in Messines Monastery, Messines (Mesen), West Flanders, (Belgium) about age 70. Other names for Adele were Adčle of France, Countess of Contentin, Adele "the Holy" of Messines, Aelis of France, and Countess of Contentin.
Research Notes: Second daughter of Robert the Pious and Constance of Arles.
From Wikipedia - Adela of France, Countess of Flanders :
Adela Capet, Adčle of France or Adela of Flanders[1], known also as Adela the Holy or Adela of Messines; (1009 - 8 January 1079 , Messines ) was the second daughter of Robert II (the Pious), and Constance of Arles . As dowry to her future husband, she received from her father the title of Countess of Corbie.
Her family
She was a member of the House of Capet , the rulers of France. As the wife of Baldwin V , she was Countess of Flanders from 1036 to 1067.
She married first 1027 Richard III Duke of Normandy (997 † 1027). They never had children.
As a widow, she remarried in 1028 in Paris to Baldwin V of Flanders (1012 † 1067). Their children were:
Political influence
Adčle's influence lay mainly in her family connections. On the death of her brother, Henry I of France, the guardianship of his seven-year-old son Philip I fell jointly on his widow, Ann of Kiev , and on his brother-in-law, Adela's husband, so that from 1060 to 1067, they were Regents of France.
Church influence
Adčle had an especially great interest in Baldwin V's church-reform politics and was behind her husband's founding of several collegiate churches . Directly or indirectly, she was responsible for establishing the Colleges of Aire (1049), Lille (1050) and Harelbeke (1064) as well as the abbeys of Messines (1057) and Ename (1063). After Baldwin's death in 1067, she went to Rome, took the nun's veil from the hands of Pope Alexander II and retreated to the Benedictine convent of Messines, near Ypres . There she died, being buried at the same monastery. Her commemoration day is 8 September.
Adele married Baldwin V, de Lille, Count of Flanders,31 92 93 son of Baldwin IV "the Bearded", Count of Valenciennes & Count of Flanders and Ogive, de Luxembourg, in 1028 in Amiens. Baldwin was born in 1012 and died on 1 Sep 1067 in Lille, France at age 55. Another name for Baldwin was Baldwin V of Flanders.
Marriage Notes: May have been married in Paris.
Research Notes: Second husband of Adele de France
From Wikipedia - Baldwin V, Count of Flanders :
Baldwin V of Flanders (died 1 September 1067) was Count of Flanders from 1035 until his death.
He was the son of Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders , who died in 1035.
History
In 1028 Baldwin married Adčle of France in Amiens, daughter of King Robert II of France ; at her instigation he rebelled against his father but in 1030 peace was sworn and the old count continued to rule until his death.
During a long war (1046-1056) as an ally of Godfrey the Bearded , Duke of Lorraine , against the Holy Roman Emperor Henry III , he initially lost Valenciennes to Hermann of Hainaut . However, when the latter died in 1051 Baldwin married his son Baldwin VI to Herman's widow Richildis and arranged that the sons of her first marriage were disinherited, thus de facto uniting the County of Hainaut with Flanders. Upon the death of Henry III this marriage was acknowledged by treaty by Agnes de Poitou , mother and regent of Henry IV .
From 1060 to 1067 Baldwin was the co-Regent with Anne of Kiev for his nephew-by-marriage Philip I of France , indicating the importance he had acquired in international politics.
Family
Baldwin and Adčle had five children:
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Flanders: 1035-1067.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 66 M i. Robert I, Count of Flanders 94 95 was born between 1029 and 1035 and died on 13 Oct 1093 in Kassel.
+ 67 F ii. Matilda, of Flanders 96 97 was born about 1032 in Flanders, died on 2 Nov 1083 in Caen, Normandy, France about age 51, and was buried in Abbaye aux Dames, Caen, Normandy, France.
Adele next married Richard III, Duke of Normandy,78 son of Richard II, Duke of Normandy and Judith, of Brittany, on 10 Jan 1027. Richard was born about 997 and died on 6 Aug 1028 about age 31.
Death Notes: Died in 1027 or 1028.
Research Notes: Eldest son. First husband of Adele of France.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132A-23
From Wikipedia - Richard III, Duke of Normandy :
Richard III (997 - 1027) was the eldest son of Richard II , who died in 1027. Before succeeding his father, perhaps about 1020, he had been sent by his father in command of a large army, to attack bishop/count Hugh of Chalon in order to rescue his brother-in-law, Reginald , later Count of Burgundy , who the count/bishop had captured and imprisoned. He was betrothed to Adela, countess of Corbie (1009-June 5, 1063), second daughter of Robert II of France and Constance of Arles , but they never married.
After his father's death, he ruled the Duchy of Normandy only briefly, dying mysteriously, perhaps by poison, soon after his father. The duchy passed to his younger brother Robert I . Adela later married Baldwin V, Count of Flanders .
By unknown women, he had two known children:
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Normandy: 1026-1028.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 68 F i. Judith, of Normandy 98 was born in 1028 and died on 4 Mar 1094 at age 66.
45. Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy 65 66 (Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1011 and died on 21 Mar 1076 about age 65. Other names for Robert were Robert I Duke of Burgundy and Robert Capet Duke of Burgundy.
Research Notes: Duke of Burgundy from 1032 to his death in 1076.
From Wikipedia - Robert I, Duke of Burgundy :
Robert I Capet (1011 - March 21 , 1076 ) was duke of Burgundy between 1032 to his death. Robert was son of King Robert II of France and brother of Henry I .
In 1025 , with the death of his eldest brother Hugh Magnus, he and Henry rebelled against their father and defeated him, forcing him back to Paris . In 1031 , after the death of his father the king, Robert participated in a rebellion against his brother, in which he was supported by his mother, Queen Constance d'Arles . Peace was only achieved when Robert was given Burgundy (1032 ).
Throughout his reign, he was little more than a robber baron who had no control over his own vassals, whose estates he often plundered, especially those of the Church. He seized the income of the diocese of Autun and the wine of the canons of Dijon . He burgled the abbey of St-Germain at Auxerre . In 1055 , he repudiated his wife, Helie of Semur, and assassinated her brother Joceran and murdered her father, his father-in-law, Lord Dalmace I of Semur , with his own hands. In that same year, the bishop of Langres , Harduoin, refused to dedicate the church of Sennecy so as not "to be exposed to the violence of the duke."
His first son, Hugh, died in battle at a young age and his second son, Henry , also predeceased him. He was succeeded by Henry's eldest son, his grandson, Hugh I .
Family
He married his first wife, Helie of Semur , about 1033 , and repudiated her in 1055. Robert and Helie had five children:
Hugh (1034-1059), killed in battle
Henry (1035-ca.1074)
Robert (1040-1113), poisoned; married Violante of Sicily, daughter of Roger I of Sicily
Simon (1045-1087)
Constance (1046-1093), married Alfonso VI of Castile
Hildegard (c.1056-1104), married Duke William VIII of Aquitaine
Sources
Robert married Hélie,99 daughter of Dalmas I, Sire of Semur-en-Brionnais and Aremburge, about 1033. Hélie was born in 1016 and died 22 April after 1055 at age 39. Another name for Hélie was Eleanor.
Death Notes: Died a nun
Noted events in her life were:
• Repudiated: 1046.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 69 M i. Henry, of Burgundy 100 101 102 was born about 1035 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died about 1071 about age 36.
+ 70 F ii. Constance, of Burgundy 103 104 was born in 1046 and died in 1092 at age 46.
Robert next married Ermengarde, of Anjou,105 106 daughter of Geoffrey I "Grisgonelle", Count of Anjou and Adelaide, of Vermandois, about 1048. Ermengarde was born about 952 in <Anjou, France> and died on 27 Jun 992 about age 40. Other names for Ermengarde were Ermangarde d'Anjou and Ermengarde d'Anjou.
Research Notes: 2nd wife of Robert the Old.
Robert next married Hildegarde, of Metz.107
Research Notes: Third wife of Robert the Old.
46. Odo (Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1013 and died about 1056 about age 43.
Research Notes: May have been mentally retarded.
Source: Wikipedia - Robert II of France
47. Constance Capet 67 68 (Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1014 in France. Another name for Constance was Constance Princess of France.
Research Notes: Married Manasses de Dammartin per Wikipedia.
Source: Wikipedia - Robert II of France and Constance of Arles
Constance married Manasses Calva Asina de Rameru,67 son of Hilduin II de Rameru and Unknown, about 1032 in Orléans, Orléanais, (Loiret), France. Manasses was born about 1010 in <Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died on 15 Nov 1057 in Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, Lorraine, France about age 47. Another name for Manasses was Manasses de Dammartin Count of Dammartin.
Death Notes: Was killed during the Siege of Bar-le-Duc.
Research Notes: Second husband of Beatrix of Hainaut
The child from this marriage was:
+ 71 M i. Hugues de Dammartin, Count of Dammartin 67 108 was born about 1042 in <Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died in 1103 about age 61.
48. Giselbert "Crispin" de Brionne 23 71 72 (Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1000 in <Normandy>, France and died in 1040 near Eschafour, <Normandy>, (France) about age 40. Other names for Giselbert were Gilbert de Brionne and Gilbert "Crispin" de Brionne.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1000, Normandy, France.
Research Notes: His mother was apparently Haloise de Guînes. Father uncertain.
From Wikipedia - Gilbert, Count of Brionne :
Gilbert or Giselbert "Crispin", (1000-1040) was a Norman noble, Count of Eu , and Count of Brionne in northern France .
Parentage
The reference listed below states he was the son of Geoffrey, Count of Eu (b. 962) who was an illegitimate child of Richard the Fearless . Some sources say Gislebert was the son of Godfrey of Brionne and Eu , others that he was the son of Gilbert, Baron of Bec . Still others claim that his father was Crispin de Bec (b. 940). Gislebert's mother was apparently Haloise de Guînes (b. 942).
Life
Whatever his parentage, he inherited Brionne, becoming one of the most powerful landowners in Normandy . He married Gunnora d'Aunou (Gunmore d'Ainon) in 1012. He had children by his wife and a mistress. The name "Crispin" is said to have referred to the family's erect curly hair.
Gislebert was a generous benefactor to Bec Abbey founded by his former knight Herluin in 1031.
When Robert II, Duke of Normandy died in 1035 his illegitimate son William inherited his father's title. Several leading Normans, including Gilbert of Brionne, Osbern the Seneschal and Alan of Brittany, became William's guardians.
Death
A number of Norman barons including Raoul de Gacé would not accept an illegitimate son as their leader. In 1040 an attempt was made to kill William but the plot failed. Gilbert however was murdered while he was peaceably riding near Eschafour. It is believed two of his killers were Ralph of Wacy and Robert de Vitot. This appears to have been an act of vengeance for wrongs inflicted upon the orphan children of Giroie by Gilbert, and it is not clear what Raoul de Gacé had to do in the business. Fearing they might meet their father's fate, his sons Richard and his brother Baldwin were conveyed by their friends to the court of Baldwin, Count of Flanders.
Children
Gilbert was the great progenitor of the illustrious house of Candia of the Viscount of Geneva and in England of the illustrious house of de Clare , of the Barons Fitz Walter, and the Earls of Gloucester and Hertford .
Giselbert married Gunnora D'Aunou 23 109 in 1012. Gunnora was born about 984 in <France>. Other names for Gunnora were Gunnora D'Aunou and Gunnora d'Ainon.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 72 M i. Richard I FitzGilbert, of Clare and Tonbridge 23 110 111 was born in 1030 in <Bienfaite>, Normandy, France, was christened in Brionne, Normandy, France, died before Apr 1088 in <Huntingdonshire, England>, and was buried in St. Neot's, Huntingdonshire, England.
49. Richard d'Évreux, Count of Évreux 73 74 75 (Robert II, Count of Évreux31, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 986 in Rouen, Normandy, France and died in 1067 in Normandy, France about age 81. Another name for Richard was Richard Count of Evreux.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Richard, Count of Évreux :
Richard, Count of Évreux (d. 1067) was the son of Robert II the Archbishop of Rouen and Count of Évreux and Harleve of Rouen .
He had the following children:
Noted events in his life were:
• Archbishop of Rouen:
Richard married Adaele de Toni 73 before 1030. Adaele was born about 1004 in <Normandy>, France.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 73 F i. Agnes d'Évreux 73 74 was born about 1030 in Évreux, Normandy, France.
50. Richard III, Duke of Normandy 78 (Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 997 and died on 6 Aug 1028 about age 31.
Death Notes: Died in 1027 or 1028.
Research Notes: Eldest son. First husband of Adele of France.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132A-23
From Wikipedia - Richard III, Duke of Normandy :
Richard III (997 - 1027) was the eldest son of Richard II , who died in 1027. Before succeeding his father, perhaps about 1020, he had been sent by his father in command of a large army, to attack bishop/count Hugh of Chalon in order to rescue his brother-in-law, Reginald , later Count of Burgundy , who the count/bishop had captured and imprisoned. He was betrothed to Adela, countess of Corbie (1009-June 5, 1063), second daughter of Robert II of France and Constance of Arles , but they never married.
After his father's death, he ruled the Duchy of Normandy only briefly, dying mysteriously, perhaps by poison, soon after his father. The duchy passed to his younger brother Robert I . Adela later married Baldwin V, Count of Flanders .
By unknown women, he had two known children:
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Normandy: 1026-1028.
Richard had a relationship with < >, [Unknown mistress].112 This couple did not marry.
+ 74 F i. Alice, of Normandy 13 113 was born about 1021 in <Normandy, France>.
Richard married Adele Capet, Princess of France,63 64 daughter of Robert II "the Pious", King of France and Constance, of Provence, on 10 Jan 1027. Adele was born about 1009 and died about 8 Jan 1079 in Messines Monastery, Messines (Mesen), West Flanders, (Belgium) about age 70. Other names for Adele were Adčle of France, Countess of Contentin, Adele "the Holy" of Messines, Aelis of France, and Countess of Contentin.
Research Notes: Second daughter of Robert the Pious and Constance of Arles.
From Wikipedia - Adela of France, Countess of Flanders :
Adela Capet, Adčle of France or Adela of Flanders[1], known also as Adela the Holy or Adela of Messines; (1009 - 8 January 1079 , Messines ) was the second daughter of Robert II (the Pious), and Constance of Arles . As dowry to her future husband, she received from her father the title of Countess of Corbie.
Her family
She was a member of the House of Capet , the rulers of France. As the wife of Baldwin V , she was Countess of Flanders from 1036 to 1067.
She married first 1027 Richard III Duke of Normandy (997 † 1027). They never had children.
As a widow, she remarried in 1028 in Paris to Baldwin V of Flanders (1012 † 1067). Their children were:
Political influence
Adčle's influence lay mainly in her family connections. On the death of her brother, Henry I of France, the guardianship of his seven-year-old son Philip I fell jointly on his widow, Ann of Kiev , and on his brother-in-law, Adela's husband, so that from 1060 to 1067, they were Regents of France.
Church influence
Adčle had an especially great interest in Baldwin V's church-reform politics and was behind her husband's founding of several collegiate churches . Directly or indirectly, she was responsible for establishing the Colleges of Aire (1049), Lille (1050) and Harelbeke (1064) as well as the abbeys of Messines (1057) and Ename (1063). After Baldwin's death in 1067, she went to Rome, took the nun's veil from the hands of Pope Alexander II and retreated to the Benedictine convent of Messines, near Ypres . There she died, being buried at the same monastery. Her commemoration day is 8 September.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 44)
51. Adelais, de Normandie 48 (Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1007 in <Normandy, France> and died about 1037 in France about age 30. Another name for Adelais was Judith of Normandy.
Adelais married Renaud I, Count Palantine of Burgundy,48 son of Otto Guillaume, Count of Burgundy and Ermentrude, Countess of Rheims, before 1023 in France. Renaud was born about 986 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died on 4 Sep 1057 in France about age 71. Another name for Renaud was Renaud I de Bourgogne.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 75 M i. Guillaume I de Bourgogne 48 114 was born about 1040 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died on 12 Nov 1087 in France about age 47.
52. Robert I, Duke of Normandy 79 80 81 82 (Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1008 in Normandy, France and died on 22 Jul 1035 in Nicaea, Bythnia, (Turkey) about age 27. Other names for Robert were Robert (I, II, the Devil, Magnificent) de Normandie and Robert I 6th Duc de Normandie.
Birth Notes: Citing Alison Weir's Britains's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy, thepeerage.com has born c. 1008.
Death Notes: May have died on 2 July 1035.
Research Notes: Father of William the Conqueror and Adelaide (Adela) of Normandy.
From Wikipedia - Robert I, Duke of Normandy :
Robert the Magnificent[1] (June 22 , 1000 - 3 July 1035 ), also called Robert the Devil and Robert I or II, was the Duke of Normandy from 1027 until his death. He was the son of Richard II of Normandy and Judith , daughter of Conan I of Rennes . He was the father of William the Conqueror .
Life
When his father died, his elder brother Richard succeeded, whilst he became Count of Hiémois . When Richard died a year later, there were great suspicions that Robert had Richard murdered, hence his other nickname, "Robert le diable" ("the devil"). He is sometimes identified with the legendary Robert the Devil .
Robert aided King Henry I of France against Henry's rebellious brother and mother, and for his help he was given the territory of the Vexin . He also intervened in the affairs of Flanders , supported Edward the Confessor , who was then in exile at Robert's court, and sponsored monastic reform in Normandy .
By his mistress, Herleva of Falaise, he was father of the future William I of England (1028-1087). He also had an illegitimate daughter, but the only chronicler to explicitly address the issue, Robert of Torigny , contradicts himself, once indicating that she had a distinct mother from William, elsewhere stating that they shared the same mother. This daughter, Adelaide of Normandy (1030-c. 1083), married three times: to Enguerrand II, Count of Ponthieu , Lambert II, Count of Lens , and Odo II of Champagne .
After making his illegitimate son William his heir, he set out on pilgrimage to Jerusalem . According to the Gesta Normannorum Ducum he travelled by way of Constantinople , reached Jerusalem, and died on the return journey at Nicaea on 2 July 1035 . Some sources attribute his death to poison and date it to 1 or 3 July. His son William, aged about eight, succeeded him.
According to the historian William of Malmesbury , around 1086 William sent a mission to Constantinople and Nicaea, charging it with bringing his father's body back to be buried in Normandy. Permission was granted, but, having travelled as far as Apulia (Italy) on the return journey, the envoys learned that William himself had meanwhile died. They then decided to re-inter Robert's body in Italy.
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Normandy: 1027-1035.
• Count of Hiémois: 1026.
• Succeeded: to the title of 6th Duc de Normandie, 8 Aug 1028.
Robert had a relationship with Harlette de Falaise,115 116 117 daughter of Fulbert de Falaise and Doda, de Falaise,. This couple did not marry. Harlette was born about 1003 in Falaise, Calvados, Normandy, France, died before 1050, and was buried in Abbey of St. Grestain, France. Other names for Harlette were Arlotte de Falaise, Arletta de Falaise, Arlette de Falaise, Herleva de Falaise, and Herleve de Falaise.
Birth Notes: Citing the Royal Genealogies Website, thepeerage.com has b. abt 1012. Wikipedia (Herleva) has abt 1003.
Burial Notes: From Wikipedia (Herleva):
According to Robert of Torigni , Herleva was buried at the abbey of Grestain, which was founded by Herluin and their son Robert around 1050. This would put Herleva in her forties around the time of her death. However, David C. Douglas suggests that Herleva probably died before Herluin founded the abbey because her name does not appear on the list of benefactors, whereas the name of Herluin's second wife, Fredesendis, does.
Research Notes: Mother of William I of England (William the Conqueror).
Source http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593882938 has b. 1003 in Falaise, Cavados, France. From that source:
Her son William I, King of England was illegitimate. aka (Herleve)
1 NAME Harlette /De Falaise/ 1 NAME Herleve (Arlette) /de Falaise/ 2SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001 1 BIRT 2 DATEABT. 1003 2 PLAC Falaise, Normandie 1 BIRT 2 DATE ABT. 1003 2 PLAC ofFalais, Calvados, France 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import:Jan 17, 2001
[De La Pole.FTW]
Sources: A. Roots 121E, 130; RC 89, 160; Coe; Kraentzler 1156, 1163,1179, 1241, 1264, 1265, 1309, 1342, 1350, 1383; AIS; Davis; Ayers, p648.
Roots: Arlette (or Herleve/Herleva).
Coe: Arlette. AIS: Narlette of Falaise.
K: Harlette de Falaise.
Davis: Herleve, daughter of Fulbert, a tanner of Falaise.
Father: Fulbert THORGILSSON b: Abt 0986 in Falaise,Calvados,France
Mother: Doda UNKNOWN b: Abt 0988 in ,France
Marriage 1 Herluin DE CONTEVILLE b: Abt 1001 in Conteville,Seine Maritime,France
_UIDE180A329BD15BA45BDEC96201555521E3798
2 _PREF Y
Children
Odo UNKNOWN b: Abt 1030 in Conteville,Seine Maritime,France
Emma DE CONTEVILLE b: Abt 1033 in ,France
Robert DE CONTEVILLE b: 1037 in of Conteville, Seine Maritime, France
Muriel DE CONTEVILLE b: 1042 in Of Conteville,Normandy,France
Marriage 2 Robert I UNKNOWN b: Abt 1003 in ,Normandy,France
_UID2FB1974BB9DEBD4BBFE274FEEECDAECEABB8
2 _PREF Y
Children
William I UNKNOWN b: 14 Oct 1027 in Falaise Castle,Normandy,France
Adelaide UNKNOWN b: 1030 in Falais,Calvados,France
Ralph UNKNOWN b: Abt 1033 in ,, France
Sources:
Title: GEDCOM File : 2134392.ged
Date: 12 Jul 2002
Author: Mark Willis Ballard
Title: GEDCOM File : mwballard.ged
Note:
6928 N. Lakewood Avenue
773-743-6663
mwballard52@yahoo.com
Date: 4 Nov 2003
Title: De La Pole.FTW
Note:
Source Media Type: Other
Repository:
Name: Not Given
+ 76 M i. William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, King of England 82 118 was born about 1028 in Falaise, Normandy, France and died on 9 Sep 1087 in Rouen, Normandy, France about age 59.
+ 77 F ii. Adelaide, of Normandy, Countess of Aumale 119 120 121 was born about 1030 and died between 1081 and 1090.
53. Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville 33 45 (<Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1030 in <Saint-Valéry-en-Caux>, Haute-Normandie, France. Other names for Ada were Ada de Hugleville and Ada de Heugelville.
Ada married Geoffroy de Neufmarché,33 45 122 son of Thurcytel and Unknown,. Geoffroy was born about 1025 in <France>. Another name for Geoffroy was Geoffrey de Neufmarché.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 78 M i. Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon 33 122 was born about 1050 in Le-Neuf-Marché-en-Lions and died about 1125 about age 75.
Tenth Generation 54. Ralph de Toeni, de Conches 52 (Ralph de, de Conches34, Roger "the Spaniard" de23, Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1079 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England, died about 1126 in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France about age 47, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France. Another name for Ralph was Ralph de Conches.
Ralph married Alice Huntingdon,52 123 daughter of Waltheof II, Earl of Northumberland and Judith, of Lens, in 1103 in England. Alice was born about 1085 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died after 1126. Other names for Alice were Adelise and Adeliza Huntingdon.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 79 M i. Roger de Toeni, de Conches 52 was born about 1104 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died before 1162.
55. Emma FitzOsbern 6 (Alice de Toeni35, Roger "the Spaniard" de23, Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1059 in <Breteuil>, Normandy, France and died after 1095.
Emma married Ralph, Seigneur de Gael,6 son of Ralph, Earl of Norfolk and Unknown, in 1075 in Exning, <Suffolk>e, England. Ralph was born before 1040 in Gael, Brittany, France and died after 1095.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 80 M i. Ralph de Gael, 1st Earl of Norfolk, Suffolk & Cambridge .124 125
56. Ragnhild Magnusdatter, Princess of Norway 13 (Magnus I "the Good" Olafsson, King of Norway36, Olaf II "the Saint" Haraldsson, King of Norway24, Harald "Graenske" Gudrodsson19, Gudrod Bjornsson14, Bjorn "the Merchant" Haraldsson, Prince of Norway10, Svanhild Eysteinsdatter7, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1041 in <Norway>.
Ragnhild married Haakon Ivarsson,13 son of Ivar "Hvide" and Unknown, in 1062 in Norway. Haakon was born about 1031 in <Norway>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 81 F i. Ragnhild Haakonsdatter 13 was born about 1044 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
57. Paul Thorfinnsson, Jarl of Orkney and Caithness 13 (Thorfinn II "the Black", Earl of Orkney37, Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1040 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1103 in Bergen, Hordaland, Norway about age 63. Another name for Paul was Paal Thorfinnsson Jarl of Orkney and Caithness.
Paul married Ragnhild Haakonsdatter,13 daughter of Haakon Ivarsson and Ragnhild Magnusdatter, Princess of Norway,. Ragnhild was born about 1044 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 82 M i. Haakon Paalsson 13 was born about 1070 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1122 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 52.
58. Ragnvald Brusesson 53 (Brusi38, Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1011 in <Orkney Islands, Scotland>, died in Dec 1046 in Papa Stronsay, Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 35, and was buried in Papa Westroy, Orkney, Scotland. Another name for Ragnvald was Rognvald Brusesson.
Death Notes: Killed
Ragnvald married Arlogia,53 daughter of Waldemar, Duke of Russia and Unknown, about 1034 in <Russia>. Arlogia was born about 1015 in <Russia>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 83 M i. Robert de Brusse 53 was born about 1036 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died between 1080 and 1098.
59. Gillebride 19 (Gille Adoman I Gilleson39, Hvarflad Hlodversdatter26, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1010 in <Scotland>.
Gillebride married someone.
+ 84 M i. Somerled I Gillebrideson 19 was born about 1030 in <Scotland>.
60. Beatrix, of Hainaut 84 (Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 998 in <Hainaut, Belgium>.
Beatrix married Ebles I, Count of Rheims & Roucy, Archbishop of Rheims,126 127 son of Giselbert, Count of Roucy and Unknown,. Ebles was born about 980 in <Roucy, Marne, France> and died on 11 May 1033 about age 53.
Birth Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f93/a0019300.htm has b. 994.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 85 F i. Adele de Roucy 128 129 was born about 1014 in <Roucy, Aisne, France> and died about 1062 about age 48.
Beatrix next married Manasses Calva Asina de Rameru,67 son of Hilduin II de Rameru and Unknown,. Manasses was born about 1010 in <Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died on 15 Nov 1057 in Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, Lorraine, France about age 47. Another name for Manasses was Manasses de Dammartin Count of Dammartin.
Death Notes: Was killed during the Siege of Bar-le-Duc.
Research Notes: Second husband of Beatrix of Hainaut
61. William I, Count of Nevers 86 (Adčle, of France, Countess of Auxerre41, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1030 and died on 20 Jun 1100 about age 70.
William married Ermengarde,130 daughter of Renaud, Count of Tonnerre and Unknown, in 1045.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 86 M i. Renaud II de Nevers, Count of Nevers and Auxerre 131 132 was born about 1047 in <Nevers, Nievre>, France and died on 5 Aug 1089 about age 42.
62. Philip I, of France (Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born on 23 May 1052 and died on 30 Jul 1108 at age 56.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Anne of Kiev:
Philip (May 23 , 1052 - July 30 , 1108 ) - Anne is credited with bringing the name Philip to Western Europe . She imported this Greek name (Philippos, from philos (love) and hippos (horse), meaning "the one that love horses") from her Eastern Orthodox culture.
63. Emma 89 (Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1054.
64. Robert (Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1055 and died about 1060 about age 5.
Research Notes: Source: Anne of Kiev. Died in childhood
65. Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France 90 91 (Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1057 and died on 18 Oct 1102 in Tarsus, Cilicia, (Turkey) at age 45. Other names for Hugh were Hugh of Vermandois, Hugues "le Grand" de France, Hugh Magnus, and Hugh de Vermandois.
Death Notes: Died on crusade.
Research Notes: Duke of France and Burgundy, Marquis of Orleans, Count of Amiens, Chaumont, Paris, Valois, and Vermandois. He was a leader of the First Crusade.
First husband of Adelaide de Vermandois.
From Wikipedia - Hugh of Vermandois :
Hugh of Vermandois (1053 - October 18 , 1101 ), was son to King Henry I of France and Anne of Kiev , and the younger brother of King Philip I of France . He was in his own right Count of Vermandois . William of Tyre called him "Hugh Magnus", Hugh the Great, but he was an ineffectual leader and soldier, great only in his boasting. Indeed, Sir Steven Runciman is certain that "Magnus" is a copyist's error, and should be "minus", "the younger" (referring to Hugh as younger brother of the King of France).
In early 1096 Hugh and Philip began discussing the First Crusade after news of the Council of Clermont reached them in Paris . Although Philip could not participate, as he had been excommunicated , Hugh was said to have been influenced to join the Crusade after an eclipse of the moon on February 11 , 1096.
That summer Hugh's army left France for Italy , where they would cross the Adriatic Sea into territory of the Byzantine Empire , unlike the other Crusader armies who were travelling by land. On the way, many of the soldiers led by fellow Crusader Emicho joined Hugh's army after Emicho was defeated by the Hungarians , whose land he had been pillaging. Hugh crossed the Adriatic from Bari in Southern Italy , but many of his ships were destroyed in a storm off the Byzantine port of Dyrrhachium .
Hugh and most of his army was rescued and escorted to Constantinople , where they arrived in November of 1096. Prior to his arrival, Hugh sent an arrogant, insulting letter to Eastern Roman Emperor Alexius I Comnenus , according to the Emperor's biography by his daughter (the Alexiad), demanding that Alexius meet with him:
"Know, O King, that I am King of Kings, and superior to all, who are under the sky. You are now permitted to greet me, on my arrival, and to receive me with magnificence, as befits my nobility."
Alexius was already wary of the armies about to arrive, after the unruly mob led by Peter the Hermit had passed through earlier in the year. Alexius kept Hugh in custody in a monastery until Hugh swore an oath of vassalage to him.
After the Crusaders had successfully made their way across Seljuk territory and, in 1098 , captured Antioch , Hugh was sent back to Constantinople to appeal for reinforcements from Alexius. Alexius was uninterested, however, and Hugh, instead of returning to Antioch to help plan the siege of Jerusalem , went back to France. There he was scorned for not having fulfilled his vow as a Crusader to complete a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and Pope Paschal II threatened to excommunicate him. He joined the minor Crusade of 1101 , but was wounded in battle with the Turks in September, and died of his wounds in October in Tarsus .
Family and children
He married Adele of Vermandois, the daughter of Herbert IV of Vermandois and Adele of Valois .They had nine children:
Count Raoul I of Vermandois
Henry, senior of Chaumont-en-Vexin , (d. 1130 ).
Simon, Bishop of Noyon
Elizabeth de Vermandois , married
Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester ;
William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey
Matilde de Vermandois, married Raoul I of Beaugency
Constance de Vermandois, married Godefroy de la Ferte-Gaucher
Agnes de Vermandois, married Margrave Boniface del Vasto . Mother of Adelaide del Vasto .
Beatrix de Vermandois, married Hugh III of Gournay-en-Bray
Emma de Vermandois
Hugh married Adelaide de Vermandois, Countess of Vermandois and Valois,133 134 135 daughter of Herbert IV, Count of Vermandois and Valois and Adela, of Valois and Vexin, before 1080. Adelaide was born about 1065 in <Valois, Île-de-France, France> and died on 28 Sep 1120 in <Vermandois> about age 55. Another name for Adelaide was Adele of Vermandois.
Marriage Notes: After 1067 and before 1080?
FamilySearch has m. abt 1064.
Death Notes: Possibly d. 1124
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
[Adele of Vermandois] was the heiress of the county of Vermandois, and descendant of a junior patrilineal line of descent from Charlemagne . The first Count of Vermandois was Pepin of Vermandois . He was a son of Bernard of Italy , grandson of Pippin of Italy and great-grandson of Charlemagne and Hildegard .
As such, Elizabeth had distinguished ancestry and connections. Her father was a younger brother of Philip I of France and her mother was among the last Carolingians . She was also distantly related to the Kings of England , the Dukes of Normandy , the Counts of Flanders and through her Carolingian ancestors to practically every major nobleman in Western Europe .
Children from this marriage were:
+ 87 F i. Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester 133 136 was born about 1081 in <Valois, Île-de-France, France>, died on 13 Feb 1131 in England about age 50, and was buried in Lewes, Sussex, England.
+ 88 M ii. Raoul I, Count of Vermandois .
+ 89 M iii. Henry, of Chaumont-en-Vexin died in 1130.
+ 90 M iv. Simon, Bishop of Noyon .
+ 91 F v. Matilde de Vermandois .
+ 92 F vi. Constance de Vermandois .
+ 93 F vii. Agnes de Vermandois .
+ 94 F viii. Beatrix de Vermandois .
+ 95 F ix. Emma de Vermandois .
66. Robert I, Count of Flanders 94 95 (Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born between 1029 and 1035 and died on 13 Oct 1093 in Kassel. Another name for Robert was Robert "the Friesian."
Birth Notes: Wikipedia has b. 1033.
Death Notes: May have died on 3 Oct 1093.
Research Notes: Second son of Baldwin V of Flanders. Second husband of Gertrude of Saxony.
From Wikipedia - Robert I, Count of Flanders :
Robert I of Flanders (1029/1032 - 13 October 1093 in Kassel ), known as Robert the Frisian, was count of Flanders from 1071 to 1092.
History
He was the younger son of Baldwin V of Flanders and Adčle , a daughter of King Robert II of France .
Robert was originally intended to secure the northern borders of Flanders by his marriage to Gertrude of Saxony , Dowager Countess of Holland, but after his brother's death in 1070 he displaced his nephews and became count of Flanders.
Family
By Gertrude of Saxony he had five children:
Count of Flanders
Robert's nephew Arnulf III (son of Baldwin VI of Flanders ) succeeded his father in 1070 and was supported by his mother Richilde, Countess of Mons and Hainaut . However, Robert challenged Arnulf's succession to the throne of Flanders and began rallying support mainly in northern Flanders (where the bulk of Arnulf's forces were located). Arnulf's ranks contained individuals such as Count Eustace II of Boulogne , Count Eustace III of Boulogne , and Godfrey of Bouillon .
Moreover, Arnulf was supported by King Philip I of France since Philip's aunt, Adela , married Baldwin V of Flanders . A contingent of ten Norman knights led by William FitzOsborn were among the forces sent by Philip to aid Arnulf. Robert's forces attacked Arnulf's numerically superior army at Cassel before it could organize. Arnulf himself was killed along with William FitzOsborn while Richilde was captured by Robert's forces. However, Robert himself was captured by Eustace II. Ultimately, Richilde was exchanged for Robert's freedom.[1] As a result of the battle Robert became count of Flanders.
Robert married Gertrude, of Saxony,137 138 daughter of Bernard II, Duke in Saxony and Eilika, of Schweinfurt, in 1063. Gertrude was born about 1030 and died on 4 Aug 1113 about age 83. Another name for Gertrude was Gertrude Billung.
Research Notes: Widow of Florent I (Floris I), Count of Holland.
From Wikipedia - Gertrude of Saxony :
Gertrude of Saxony (also known as Gertrude Billung) (c. 1030 - August 4 , 1113 ), was the daughter of Bernard II, Duke of Saxony and Eilika of Schweinfurt . She married Floris I, Count of Holland (c. 1017 - June 28 , 1061 ) c. 1050, and upon his death, her son Dirk V became Count of Holland . Since he was still young, she became regent.
When Dirk V came into power, William I, Bishop of Utrecht , took advantage of the situation, occupying territory that he had claimed in Holland . Gertrude and her son withdrew to the islands of Frisia (Zeeland), leaving William to occupy the disputed lands.
In 1063 Gertrude married Robert of Flanders (Robert the Frisian), the second son of Baldwin V of Flanders . This act gave Dirk the Imperial Flanders as an appanage - including the islands of Frisia west of the Frisian Scheldt . She and her husband then acted as co-regents for the young count.
Family and children
She had a total of seven children with Floris I:
Albrecht (b. ca. 1051), a canon in Liege .
Dirk V (ca. 1052, Vlaardingen -17 June 1091 ).
Pieter (b. ca. 1053), a canon in Liége.
Bertha (ca. 1055-1094, Montreuil-sur-Mer ), who married Philip I of France in 1072.
Floris (b. ca. 1055), a canon in Liége.
Machteld (b. ca. 1057)
Adela (b. ca. 1061), who married Count Baudouin I of Guînes .
From her second marriage to Robert I she had five children:
Robert II of Flanders (c. 1065 - October 5 , 1111 ).
Adela (d.1115), who first married king Canute IV of Denmark , and was the mother of Charles the Good , later count of Flanders. She then married Roger Borsa , duke of Apulia .
Gertrude, who married Thierry II, Duke of Lorraine , and was the mother of Thierry of Alsace , also later count of Flanders.
Philip of Loo, whose illegitimate son William of Ypres was also a claimant to the county of Flanders.
Ogiva, abbess of Messines.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 96 F i. Gertrude, of Flanders 139 was born about 1070 and died in 1117 about age 47.
67. Matilda, of Flanders 96 97 (Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1032 in Flanders, died on 2 Nov 1083 in Caen, Normandy, France about age 51, and was buried in Abbaye aux Dames, Caen, Normandy, France. Another name for Matilda was Maud of Flanders.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots gives both abt. 1031 and 1032.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots gives 1 Nov 1083 and 2 Nov 1083.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Matilda of Flanders :
Matilda of Flanders (c. 1031 - 2 November 1083) was Queen consort of the Kingdom of England and the wife of William I the Conqueror .
She was the daughter of Baldwin V, Count of Flanders , and Adčle (1000-1078/9), daughter of Robert II of France .
At 4'2" (127 cm) tall, Matilda was England's smallest queen, according to the Guinness Book of Records . According to legend, Matilda (or "Maud") told the representative of William, Duke of Normandy (later king of England as William the Conqueror), who had come asking for her hand, that she was far too high-born (being descended from King Alfred the Great of England) to consider marrying a bastard. When that was repeated to him, William rode from Normandy to Bruges , found Matilda on her way to church, dragged her off her horse by her long braids, threw her down in the street in front of her flabbergasted attendants, and then rode off. Another version of the story states that William rode to Matilda's father's house in Lille, threw her to the ground in her room (again, by the braids), and hit her (or violently shook her) before leaving. Naturally Baldwin took offense at this but, before they drew swords, Matilda settled the matter [1] by deciding to marry him, and even a papal ban (on the grounds of consanguinity ) did not dissuade her. They were married in 1053.
There were rumours that Matilda had been in love with the English ambassador to Flanders , a Saxon named Brihtric, who declined her advances. Whatever the truth of the matter, years later when she was acting as Regent for William in England, she used her authority to confiscate Brihtric's lands and throw him into prison, where he died.
When William was preparing to invade England, Matilda outfitted a ship, the Mora, out of her own money and gave it to him. For many years it was thought that she had some involvement in the creation of the Bayeux Tapestry (commonly called La Tapisserie de la Reine Mathilde in French), but historians no longer believe that; it seems to have been commissioned by William's half-brother Odo, Bishop of Bayeux , and made by English artists in Kent .
Matilda bore William eleven children, and he was believed to have been faithful to her, at least up until the time their son Robert rebelled against his father and Matilda sided with Robert against William. After she died, in 1083 at the age of 51, William became tyrannical, and people blamed it on his having lost her. Contrary to the belief that she was buried at St. Stephen's, also called l'Abbaye-aux-Hommes in Caen , Normandy , where William was eventually buried, she is intombed at l'Abbaye aux Dames , which is the Sainte-Trinité church, also in Caen. Of particular interest is the 11th century slab, a sleek black stone decorated with her epitaph, marking her grave at the rear of the church. It is of special note since the grave marker for William was replaced as recently as the beginning of the 19th century. In 1961, their graves were opened and their bones measured, proving their physical statures. [2]
Children
Some doubt exists over how many daughters there were. This list includes some entries which are obscure.
Robert Curthose (c. 1054 - 1134), Duke of Normandy, married Sybil of Conversano , daughter of Geoffrey of Conversano
Adeliza (or Alice) (c. 1055 - ?), reportedly betrothed to Harold II of England (Her existence is in some doubt.)
Cecilia (or Cecily) (c. 1056 - 1126), Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen
William Rufus (1056 - 1100), King of the English
Richard, Duke of Bernay (1057 - c. 1081), killed by a stag in New Forest
Adela (c. 1062 - 1138), married Stephen, Count of Blois
Agatha (c. 1064 - c. 1080), betrothed to (1) Harold of Wessex , (2) Alfonso VI of Castile
Constance (c. 1066 - 1090), married Alan IV Fergent , Duke of Brittany ; poisoned, possibly by her own servants
Matilda (very obscure, her existence is in some doubt)
Henry Beauclerc (1068-1135), King of England, married (1) Edith of Scotland , daughter of Malcolm III, King of Scotland , (2) Adeliza of Louvain
NOTE:
Gundred (c. 1063 - 1085), wife of William de Warenne (c. 1055 - 1088), was formerly thought of as being yet another of Matilda's daughters, with speculation that she was William I's full daughter, a stepdaughter, or even a foundling or adopted daughter. However, this connection to William I has now been firmly debunked--see Gundred's discussion page for further information.
Matilda married William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, King of England,82 118 son of Robert I, Duke of Normandy and Harlette de Falaise, in 1053 in Cathedral de Notre Dame, Normandie, France. William was born about 1028 in Falaise, Normandy, France and died on 9 Sep 1087 in Rouen, Normandy, France about age 59. Other names for William were William of Normandy and William I King of England.
Birth Notes: Wikipedia (William the Conqueror) and thepeerage.com give b. in 1027 or 1028.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 97 F i. Adela, of Normandy 140 141 was born between 1062 and 1067 and died about 8 Mar 1137.
+ 98 M ii. Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England 142 143 was born between May 1068 and May 1069 in <Selby, Yorkshire>, England and died on 1 Dec 1135 in St. Denis-le-Fermont, France.
68. Judith, of Normandy 98 (Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1028 and died on 4 Mar 1094 at age 66.
Judith married Tostig, Earl of Northumbria.144 Tostig died on 25 Sep 1066.
Research Notes: First husband of Judith of Normandy.
Judith next married Welf IV, Duke of Bavaria 145 in 1071. Welf died on 6 Nov 1101.
Research Notes: Second husband of Judith of Normandy.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 99 M i. Henry I, Duke of Bavaria 146 was born in 1074 and died on 13 Dec 1126 at age 52.
69. Henry, of Burgundy 100 101 102 (Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1035 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died about 1071 about age 36. Another name for Henry was Henri Comte de Bourgogne.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has d. 27 Jan. 1066/7 and d. 27 Jan.1066/1074. Wikipedia has d. abt. 1071.
Research Notes: His wife was NOT named Sibylle of Barcelona, daughter of Berenger Ramon I, according to Wikipedia.
From Wikipedia - Henry of Burgundy :
Henry of Burgundy (1035 - c. 1071 ) was the son and heir of Robert I , duke of Burgundy . He died shortly before his father and failed to succeed in Burgundy. The name of his wife is unknown (that it was Sibil has been discredited) as is her origin, although a connection to the Counts of Barcelona has been hypothesized. Their children were:
Noted events in his life were:
• "Le damoiseau de Bourgogne":
Henry married < >, [Not Sibylle of Barcelona].
Children from this marriage were:
+ 100 M i. Hugh I, Duke of Burgundy was born in 1057 and died in 1093 at age 36.
+ 101 M ii. Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy 147 148 was born about 1058 and died on 23 Mar 1103 in Cilicia about age 45.
+ 102 M iii. Robert, Bishop of Langres was born in 1059 and died in 1111 at age 52.
+ 103 F iv. Beatrice, of Burgundy 149 was born about 1063 and died after 1110.
+ 104 M v. Reginald, Abbot of St. Pierre was born in 1065 and died in 1092 at age 27.
+ 105 M vi. Henry, of Burgundy, Count of Portugal 102 150 151 was born in 1069 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died on 1 Nov 1112 at age 43.
+ 106 F vii. Helie .
70. Constance, of Burgundy 103 104 (Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1046 and died in 1092 at age 46.
Death Notes: Wikipedia has d. 1093
Research Notes: Second wife of Alfonso VI.
From Wikipedia - Constance of Burgundy :
Constance of Burgundy (1046 - 1093), was the daughter of Duke Robert I of Burgundy and Helie de Semur-en-Brionnais .
She built a monastery in Burgos for Adelelmus in 1079. She married Alfonso VI of Castile on May 8 , 1079 . They had two children:
Constance married Alfonso VI "the Brave", of Castile, King of Castile and Leon,102 152 153 son of Ferdinand I, King of Castile and Léon and Sancha, Princess of Léon, in 1081. Alfonso was born before Jun 1040 in <Burgos, Castile>, Spain and died on 29 Jun 1109 in Toledo, Castile, Spain. Another name for Alfonso was Alfonso I of Castile.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has b. 1039
Research Notes: Second husband of Constance of Burgundy.
From Wikipedia - Alfonso VI of León and Castile :
Alfonso VI (before June 1040 - June 29 /July 1 , 1109 ), nicknamed the Brave (El Bravo) or the Valiant, was King of León from 1065 to 1109 and King of Castile from 1072 following the death of his brother Sancho II . In 1077 he proclaimed himself "Emperor of all Spain ". Much romance has gathered around his name.
Early life
As the second and favorite son of King Ferdinand I of León and Princess Sancha of León , Alfonso was allotted León, while Castile was given to his eldest brother Sancho , and Galicia to his youngest brother García . Sancho was assassinated in 1072. García was dethroned and imprisoned for life the following year.
In the cantar de gesta The Lay of the Cid , he plays the part attributed by medieval poets to the greatest kings, and to Charlemagne himself. He is alternately the oppressor and the victim of heroic and self-willed nobles - the idealized types of the patrons for whom the jongleurs and troubadours sang. He is the hero of a cantar de gesta which, like all but a very few of the early Spanish songs, like the cantar of Bernardo del Carpio and the Infantes of Lara , exists now only in the fragments incorporated in the chronicle of Alfonso the Wise or in ballad form.
His flight from the monastery of Sahagún (Safagún in Leonese language ), where his brother Sancho endeavoured to imprison him, his chivalrous friendship for his host Almamun of Toledo , caballero aunque moro, "a knight although a Moor ", the passionate loyalty of his vassal, Pero (Pedro) Ansúrez, and his brotherly love for his sister Urraca of Zamora , may owe something to the poet who took him as a hero.
They are the answer to the poet of the nobles who represented the king as having submitted to taking a degrading oath at the hands of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar (El Cid ) to deny intervention in his brother's death in the church of Santa Gadea at Burgos , and as having then persecuted the brave man who defied him.
Marriages and children
Alfonso married at least five times and had two mistresses and a fiancée:
Alfonso's designated successor, his son Sancho, was slain after being routed at the Battle of Uclés in 1108, making Alfonso's eldest legitimate daughter, the widowed Urraca as his heir. In order to strengthen her position as his successor, Alfonso began negotiations for her to marry her second cousin, Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre , but died before the marriage could take place, Urraca succeeding.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 107 F i. Urraca, of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon 48 154 155 was born about 1082 in <Burgos, Castile>, Spain and died on 8 Mar 1126 in Saldana, Palencia, Spain about age 44.
71. Hugues de Dammartin, Count of Dammartin 67 108 (Constance Capet47, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1042 in <Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died in 1103 about age 61.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Dammartin-en-Goële :
History
Dammartin is historically important as the seat of a county of which the holders played a considerable part in French history . The earliest recorded count of Dammartin was a certain Hugh, who made himself master of the town in the 10th century; but his dynasty was replaced by another family in the 11th century. Reynald I (Renaud ), count of Dammartin (d. 1227), who was one of the coalition crushed by King Philip Augustus at the battle of Bouvines (1214), left two co-heiresses, of whom the elder, Maud (Matilda or Mahaut), married Philip Hurepel , son of Philip Augustus, and the second, Alix, married Jean de Trie , in whose line the county was reunited after the death of Philip Hurepel's son Alberic. The county passed, through heiresses, to the houses of Fayel and Nanteuil , and in the 15th century was acquired by Antoine de Chabannes (d. 1488), one of the favorites of King Charles VII , by his marriage with Marguerite, heiress of Reynald V of Nanteuil-Aci and Marie of Dammartin. This Antoine de Chabannes, count of Dammartin in right of his wife, fought under the standard of Joan of Arc , became a leader of the Ecorcheurs , took part in the war of the public weal against Louis XI , and then fought for him against the Burgundians . The collegiate church at Dammartin was founded by him in 1480, and his tomb and effigy are in the chancel.
His son, Jean de Chabannes , left three heiresses, of whom the second left a daughter who brought the county to Philippe de Boulainvilliers , by whose heirs it was sold in 1554 to the dukes of Montmorency . In 1632 the county was confiscated by Louis XIII and bestowed on the princes of Conde .
Hugues married Roaide, Countess of Bulles.67 Roaide was born about 1046 in Bulles, Oise, France.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 108 F i. Aelis de Dammartin 102 was born about 1084 in Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne, France.
72. Richard I FitzGilbert, of Clare and Tonbridge 23 110 111 (Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1030 in <Bienfaite>, Normandy, France, was christened in Brionne, Normandy, France, died before Apr 1088 in <Huntingdonshire, England>, and was buried in St. Neot's, Huntingdonshire, England. Other names for Richard were Richard FitzGilbert de Bienfaite, Richard de Clare, Richard FitzGilbert de Clare of Clare and Tonbridge, Richard I Fitz Gilbert of Clare and Tonbridge, and Richard de Tonbridge.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1024, Bienfaite, Normandy, France.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots, line 130-27 (Maud de St. Liz) has d. abt. 1090; line 184-2 has d. bef Apr 1088.
http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019582.htm has d. 1090 in Huntingdon, England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Richard Fitz Gilbert :
Richard FitzGilbert (c. 1030 - 1090), was a Norman lord who participated in the Norman conquest of England in 1066. He was the founder of the English noble family, the de Clares .
Victor at Hastings
Known as "de Bienfaite", "de Clare", and "de Tonbridge", he accompanied his reputed kinsman William, Duke of Normandy into England . He served at the Battle of Hastings , and assisted William in subduing the Anglo-Saxons .
Rewards
He was rewarded with 176 lordships and large grants of land in England, including the right to build the castles of Clare and of Tonbridge . Richard Fitz Gilbert took the name Earl of Clare from one of his lordships in Suffolk , where parts of the wall of Clare Castle still stand.
He served as Joint Chief Justiciar in William's absence, and played a major part in suppressing the revolt of 1075.
Rebel Baron
On William 's death, Richard and other great Norman barons, including Odo of Bayeux , Robert, Count of Mortain , William fitzOsbern and Geoffrey of Coutances, led a rebellion against the rule of William Rufus in order to place Robert Curthose on the throne. However, most Normans in England remained loyal. William Rufus and his army successfully attacked the rebel strongholds at Tonbridge , Pevensey and Rochester .
Death and succession
He died in St. Neot's Priory in 1090. His land was inherited by his son, Gilbert Fitz Richard .
Family
He was the son of Gilbert "Crispin", Count of Brionne .
The reference listed below states that Richard's great grandfather was Richard I of Normandy . Richard's father is also sometimes listed as Robert I "the Devil" , father of William the Conqueror . Sources as far back as the Annals of the Four Masters claim that Richard's great-grandson, Richard "Strongbow", was the direct descendant of Robert "the Devil". Gilbert "Crispin" was a descendant of Robert's cousin, but not Robert himself.
The modern Irish county of County Clare was historically part of the North Munster Gaelic kingdom of Thomond , dominated by the O'Briens, Kings of Thomond. The region was granted to the De Clare family in 1275 and they became Lords of Thomond. When the boundaries of the modern County Clare were fixed by Sir Henry Sidney in 1565, it was named after the De Clares .
Surrey
Richard's Surrey lands had a value of Ł241: 30% of the value of his English lands. Within Surrey, Richard Fitz Gilbert owned manors in the following places: Albury , Beddington , Bletchingley , Buckland , Chelsham , Chessington , Chipstead , Chivington, Effingham , Apps in Elmbridge , Farleigh , Immerworth (Kingston upon Thames ), Long Ditton , Mickleham , Molesey , Ockley , Old Malden , Shalford , Streatham , Tandridge , Tolworth , Tooting , Walton-on-Thames , Warlingham , Tillingdon, and Woldingham .
Noted events in his life were:
• Seigneur of Bienfaite & Orbec, Normandy:
• Lord of Clare, Suffolk:
Richard married Rohese Giffard,157 158 daughter of Walter II Giffard, 1st Earl of Buckingham and Agnes Ribemont, about 1054. Rohese was born about 1034 in Longueville, Normandy, France and died after 1113. Another name for Rohese was Rohese Gifford.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 109 F i. Rohese FitzRichard de Clare 23 159 was born about 1055 in Tunbridge, Kent, England and died in 1121 in England about age 66.
+ 110 M ii. Robert Fitz Richard, Lord of Little Dunmow, Essex 160 161 was born in 1064 and died about 1136 about age 72.
+ 111 M iii. Gilbert FitzRichard, de Clare 162 163 164 165 was born about 1065 in <Clare, Suffolk>, England and died about 1115 in <England> about age 50.
73. Agnes d'Évreux 73 74 (Richard, Count of Évreux49, Robert II, Count of Évreux31, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1030 in Évreux, Normandy, France. Another name for Agnes was Agnes of Évreux.
Agnes married Simon I de Montfort,73 74 166 son of Amauri, Seigneur de Montfort and Bertrade de Gometz, about 1058 in Normandy, France. Simon was born about 1025 in Montfort L'Amaury, Île-de-France, France, died in 1087 about age 62, and was buried in Épernon, Normandy, France. Other names for Simon were Simon I kEEP Seigneur of Montfort l'Amauri and Simon de Montfort.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Simon I de Montfort :
Simon I de Montfort born about 1025 in Montfort l'Amaury , Ile de France , France and died 1087 . He is buried in Epernon , Normandy , France. He was the son of Amaury de Montfort (c 1000-1031) and Bertrade de Gometz .
Progeny
Simon I first married Isabel de Broyles (b. 1034, Broyes, Marne, France), daughter of Hugh Bardoul. Their children were:
Simon I's second marriage was to Agnes d'Evreux (b. 1030), daughter of Richard d'Evreux of Rouen, Normandy. Their children were:
----------------
From Wikipedia - Épernon :
Épernon is a commune in the Eure-et-Loir department and Centre region of France . It lies some 27 km northeast of Chartres , at the confluence of the Drouette and the Guesle .
History
Épernon was originally the home of the counts of Montfort and Amaury . In the 11th century, they raised the fortresses of Épernon and Montfort for the protection of the Château de St Léger and granted a charter to the town. Four doors gave access to the medieval city: the door of Chartres, the door of Geolle, the door of Paris and the door of Beauce . Above the doors an inscription paid homage to the village that previously existed there: Autrist fut jadis mon nom/A présent on me nomme Espierremont (Autrist was once my name/now my name is Espierremont). Charters of the 12th and 13th century variously refer to the town as Sparno and Sparnonum, but by the 14th century it had evolved to Esparnon and Espernon, very close to its present appellation.
In the 13th century it became an independent lordship, which remained attached to the crown of Navarre till, in the 16th century, it was sold by Henry III of France to Jean Louis de Nogaret de La Valette , for whom it was raised to the rank of a duchy in 1581. De Nogaret's second son, Bernard (1592-1661), succeeded his father to the dukedom and after his death, the title was borne by the families of Goth and of Pardaillan .
Children from this marriage were:
+ 112 F i. Bertrade, de Montfort 167 was born about 1070 and died on 14 Feb 1117 in <Fontevraud Abbey> about age 47.
+ 113 M ii. Amaury de Montfort 73 was born about 1070 in <Montfort Amaury, Île-de-France, France> and died in 1137 about age 67.
74. Alice, of Normandy 13 113 (Richard III, Duke of Normandy50, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1021 in <Normandy, France>. Another name for Alice was Alix de Normandie.
Research Notes: Illegitimate daughter of Richard III.
Alice married Ranulph I, Vicomte of the Bessin,13 168 son of Anschitil, Vicomte of the Bessin and Unknown,. Ranulph was born about 1017 in <Bayeux, Calvados, Normandy, France>. Another name for Ranulph was Ranulf Count of Bayeux.
Research Notes: Fought at the Battle of Val-es-Dunes in 1047
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132A-24 (Alice of Normandy)
The child from this marriage was:
+ 114 M i. Ranulph II, Vicomte of Bayeux in Normandy 13 169 170 was born about 1048 in <Normandy, France> and died after Apr 1089.
75. Guillaume I de Bourgogne 48 114 (Adelais, de Normandie51, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1040 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died on 12 Nov 1087 in France about age 47. Another name for Guillaume was William I "the Great" Count Palantine of Burgundy, Count of Mâcon.
Death Notes: FamilySearch has d. 11 Nov 1087
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132-24
Guillaume married Stephanie, de Longwy 67 171 between 1049 and 1057. Stephanie was born about 1035 in <Longwy, Meurthe-et-Moselle>, France and died after 1088. Other names for Stephanie were Etiennette of Barcelona and Stephanie of Barcelona.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132-24 (William I).
From Line 144-22 (William I): "Stephanie, parentage NN. (Note: Prof. David H. Kelley believes her parentage unproven (2003). De Vajay, in Annales de Bourgogne vol. 32 (1960) 258-261, identifies Stephanie (Etiennette) as dau. of Clemence de Foix & Albert de Longwy, Duke of Lorraine, d. 1048. Clemence is identified as dau. of Bernard I Roger, Comte de Foix, d. 1035, & Garside de Bigorre; & Bernard as son of Roger I de Carcassonne & wife Adelaide. Moriarty, cit., supplies pedigree charts for these families, but does not agree with de Vajay as to her identity. Garnier (table XXVIII) shows her as dau. of Raymond II, Count of Barcelona)."
----
FamilySearch gives her name as Stephanie (Etiennette) of Barcelona, daughter of Raimund Berenger II (III), Count of Barcelona and Mathilda (Maud) d'Apulia.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 115 M i. Raymond, of Burgundy, Count of Amous 172 173 was born about 1060 in <Dijon>, France and died on 26 Mar 1107 in Grajal do Campos, Léon, Spain about age 47.
+ 116 F ii. Ermentrude, of Burgundy 67 174 was born about 1060 in Burgundy, France and died after 8 Mar 1105.
+ 117 F iii. Gisele, of Burgundy 102 175 was born about 1070 in <Bourgogne, Champagne, France> and died after 1133.
+ 118 F iv. Sibylle, of Burgundy-Ivrea 176 died after 1103.
76. William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, King of England 82 118 (Robert I, Duke of Normandy52, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1028 in Falaise, Normandy, France and died on 9 Sep 1087 in Rouen, Normandy, France about age 59. Other names for William were William of Normandy and William I King of England.
Birth Notes: Wikipedia (William the Conqueror) and thepeerage.com give b. in 1027 or 1028.
William married Matilda, of Flanders,96 97 daughter of Baldwin V, de Lille, Count of Flanders and Adele Capet, Princess of France, in 1053 in Cathedral de Notre Dame, Normandie, France. Matilda was born about 1032 in Flanders, died on 2 Nov 1083 in Caen, Normandy, France about age 51, and was buried in Abbaye aux Dames, Caen, Normandy, France. Another name for Matilda was Maud of Flanders.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots gives both abt. 1031 and 1032.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots gives 1 Nov 1083 and 2 Nov 1083.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Matilda of Flanders :
Matilda of Flanders (c. 1031 - 2 November 1083) was Queen consort of the Kingdom of England and the wife of William I the Conqueror .
She was the daughter of Baldwin V, Count of Flanders , and Adčle (1000-1078/9), daughter of Robert II of France .
At 4'2" (127 cm) tall, Matilda was England's smallest queen, according to the Guinness Book of Records . According to legend, Matilda (or "Maud") told the representative of William, Duke of Normandy (later king of England as William the Conqueror), who had come asking for her hand, that she was far too high-born (being descended from King Alfred the Great of England) to consider marrying a bastard. When that was repeated to him, William rode from Normandy to Bruges , found Matilda on her way to church, dragged her off her horse by her long braids, threw her down in the street in front of her flabbergasted attendants, and then rode off. Another version of the story states that William rode to Matilda's father's house in Lille, threw her to the ground in her room (again, by the braids), and hit her (or violently shook her) before leaving. Naturally Baldwin took offense at this but, before they drew swords, Matilda settled the matter [1] by deciding to marry him, and even a papal ban (on the grounds of consanguinity ) did not dissuade her. They were married in 1053.
There were rumours that Matilda had been in love with the English ambassador to Flanders , a Saxon named Brihtric, who declined her advances. Whatever the truth of the matter, years later when she was acting as Regent for William in England, she used her authority to confiscate Brihtric's lands and throw him into prison, where he died.
When William was preparing to invade England, Matilda outfitted a ship, the Mora, out of her own money and gave it to him. For many years it was thought that she had some involvement in the creation of the Bayeux Tapestry (commonly called La Tapisserie de la Reine Mathilde in French), but historians no longer believe that; it seems to have been commissioned by William's half-brother Odo, Bishop of Bayeux , and made by English artists in Kent .
Matilda bore William eleven children, and he was believed to have been faithful to her, at least up until the time their son Robert rebelled against his father and Matilda sided with Robert against William. After she died, in 1083 at the age of 51, William became tyrannical, and people blamed it on his having lost her. Contrary to the belief that she was buried at St. Stephen's, also called l'Abbaye-aux-Hommes in Caen , Normandy , where William was eventually buried, she is intombed at l'Abbaye aux Dames , which is the Sainte-Trinité church, also in Caen. Of particular interest is the 11th century slab, a sleek black stone decorated with her epitaph, marking her grave at the rear of the church. It is of special note since the grave marker for William was replaced as recently as the beginning of the 19th century. In 1961, their graves were opened and their bones measured, proving their physical statures. [2]
Children
Some doubt exists over how many daughters there were. This list includes some entries which are obscure.
Robert Curthose (c. 1054 - 1134), Duke of Normandy, married Sybil of Conversano , daughter of Geoffrey of Conversano
Adeliza (or Alice) (c. 1055 - ?), reportedly betrothed to Harold II of England (Her existence is in some doubt.)
Cecilia (or Cecily) (c. 1056 - 1126), Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen
William Rufus (1056 - 1100), King of the English
Richard, Duke of Bernay (1057 - c. 1081), killed by a stag in New Forest
Adela (c. 1062 - 1138), married Stephen, Count of Blois
Agatha (c. 1064 - c. 1080), betrothed to (1) Harold of Wessex , (2) Alfonso VI of Castile
Constance (c. 1066 - 1090), married Alan IV Fergent , Duke of Brittany ; poisoned, possibly by her own servants
Matilda (very obscure, her existence is in some doubt)
Henry Beauclerc (1068-1135), King of England, married (1) Edith of Scotland , daughter of Malcolm III, King of Scotland , (2) Adeliza of Louvain
NOTE:
Gundred (c. 1063 - 1085), wife of William de Warenne (c. 1055 - 1088), was formerly thought of as being yet another of Matilda's daughters, with speculation that she was William I's full daughter, a stepdaughter, or even a foundling or adopted daughter. However, this connection to William I has now been firmly debunked--see Gundred's discussion page for further information.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 67)
77. Adelaide, of Normandy, Countess of Aumale 119 120 121 (Robert I, Duke of Normandy52, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1030 and died between 1081 and 1090. Other names for Adelaide were Adela of Normandy, Countess of Aumale and Adeliza Countess of Aumale.
Research Notes: Sister of William I the Conqueror, also illegitimate.
Adelaide married Enguerrand II, Count of Ponthieu, son of Hugh II, Count of Pontieu and Bertha, of Aumale,. Enguerrand died in 1053 in Arques.
Death Notes: Slain at Battle of Arques
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 130-24 (Adelaide)
The child from this marriage was:
+ 119 F i. Judith, of Lens 52 123 177 was born in 1054 in <Lens, Artois>, France.
Adelaide next married Lambert, of Boulogne, Count of Lens in Artois. Lambert died in 1054 in Lille, France.
Death Notes: Slain in the Battle of Lille
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 130-24 (Adelaide)
Adelaide next married Eudes, Count of Champagne and Aumale, Earl of Holderness 178 between 1054 and 1056.
78. Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon 33 122 (Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1050 in Le-Neuf-Marché-en-Lions and died about 1125 about age 75. Another name for Bernard was Bernard of Newmarket, Lord of Brecon.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1070
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Bernard de Neufmarché :
Bernard of Neufmarché or Newmarket (c. 1050 - c. 1125) was "the first of the original conquerors of Wales ."[1] He was a minor Norman lord who rose to power in the Welsh Marches before successfully undertaking the invasion and conquest of the Kingdom of Brycheiniog between 1088 and 1095. Out of the ruins of the Welsh kingdom he created the Anglo-Norman lordship of Brecon .
Coming to England
Because Bernard's family had attachments to the monastery of Saint-Evroul-sur-Ouche , the monkish chronicler Orderic Vitalis of that foundation had special knowledge of him and his family, though this still does not reduce the general obscurity of his origins or his life when compared to the richer Marcher lords , like the great Roger of Montgomery .[2] Bernard was the son of the minor and incompetent Norman baron Geoffrey de Neufmarché and Ada de Heugelville,[3] and he was born at the castle of Le-Neuf-Marché-en-Lions on the frontier between Normandy and Beauvais .[4] His ancestors on his mother's side had founded the town of Aufay south of Dieppe on the Sie , while his paternal grandfather, Turketil had served the young William II of Normandy as a guardian and was killed in that capacity. On his mother's side he also descended from Richard II of Normandy .[5]
The question of Bernard's participation in the Battle of Hastings and therefore in the Norman Invasion is subject to debate.[4] While Bernard had close family connexions to the port of Saint-Valery-sur-Somme from which William's invading fleet launched, Bernard himself was not the ruler of that city and need not have been in the fleet. He had later connexions with Battle Abbey : he established a cell of that abbey in Brecon, but that may have been an analogous foundation intended to mark his conquest of Brycheiniog.[6] Bernard's peculiar absence from the Domesday Book more or less damns the case for his presence at Hastings, for it is impossible that a noble participant in the victorious battle should not have received land to be recorded in Domesday if he was still living in 1087.[6]
Rise to power
Bernard was finally rewarded by the king, then William II of Normandy, in 1086 or 1087. He received lands in Herefordshire and lands which had devolved to the crown with the deaths of Gilbert fitz Thorold and Alfred of Marlborough .[7] Gilbert's lands were concentrated in Herefordshire and included the manors of Bach , Middlewood , and Harewood in the Golden Valley and the castles of Dorstone , Snodhill , and Urishay connecting Clifford Castle to Ewyas Harold , which belonged to Alfred's lordship.[8] Among Bernard's acquisitions from Gilbert was the domus defensabilis of Eardisley . From Alfred he received Pembridge , Burghill , and Brinsop .[6] Of these it should be noted that Snodhill was not founded until the twelfth century and then became the caput of the honour of Chandos . Bernard was also established in Speen and Newbury in Berkshire and Brinsop and Burghill in Herefordshire sometime before 1079. Both these latter vills were held from his honour of Brecon in the twelfth century. Bernard's ommission from Domesday is especially peculiar there. It is possible that he had some kind of exemption.
Probably as a consequence of his rapid rise in the marches, Bernard attracted the attention of Osbern fitz Richard , who gave him his daughter, Agnes (Nest), whose mother was the Welsh princess Nest, daughter of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn and Edith of Mercia ,[3] in marriage sometime before 1099.[9] She brought with her a dowry of Berrington and Little Hereford .
All of Bernard's estates lay in the valley of the river Wye and along an old Roman road which led from Watling Street to Y Gaer and on into Brycheiniog. The military possibilities of that road could only have encouraged his subsequent ventures into Wales.[10]
Conquest of Brycheiniog
Bernard joined the rebellion of the marcher lords against William Rufus at Lent in 1088.[11] Bernard escaped without recorded punishment and the king probably conceded the marcher lords the right to expand their lands by conquest at the expense of the Welsh buffer kingdoms of Brycheiniog, Morgannwg , and Gwynllwg .[12] Shortly after the settlement with the king, Bernard spearheaded an invasion of Brycheiniog which was to lead eventually to its conquest. Before the end of the year, though, he had captured Glasbury , for he issued a charter for lands near that place to the abbey of Saint Peter's at Gloucester (Autumn 1088).[6]
The chronology of events at this juncture is often confused. Bernard may well have already been in power in Brycheiniog by 1088 if he had already inherited a claim to it after the defeat of Roger de Breteuil , Earl of Hereford , in 1075. In 1088 the king, William Rufus, confirmed a previous charter of Bernard's stating that he had already made an exchange "within his lordship of Brycheiniog" at Glasbury. He also already held Castell Dinas which had probably been built by the Earl of Hereford before 1075.
After the initial conquest of 1088, Bernard continued warring with Brycheiniog until 1090, probably supported by Richard fitz Pons , the lord of Clifford.[13] Talgarth was captured early and a castle was constructed at Bronllys where the rivers Dulais and Llyfni meet, a site probably central to the llys of the tywysog of the commote of Bronllys.[13] By 1091 Bernard had reached the valley of the Usk , which was at the centre of the kingdom which was to become his own principality.
There is some discrepancy in this description of events also. Richard Fitz Pons was lord of Llandovery , which he had reached probably through Glamorgan , already by 1088. Bronllys Castle may not have been built until 1144, when Roger Fitzmiles , Earl of Hereford, is first recorded granting it as a five knights' fee mesne barony to Walter de Clifford , son of Richard Fitz Pons.
According to much later accounts and reconstructions, the accuracy of which is very dubious but which contain some references to verifiable history, the king of Brycheiniog, Bleddyn ap Maenarch , allied with the king of Deheubarth , Rhys ap Tewdwr , in 1093 (or perhaps 1094) and tried to attack the forces of Bernard which were building a castle at Brecon on the Usk and Honddu in the centre of a great plain in his kingdom where several Roman viae met.[14] Bleddyn led a charge up the hill, but the Normans defeated the Welsh and Rhys was killed in battle. Brecknock Priory , which was later founded at the site of the battle, may have been built on the spot where Rhys supposedly fell.[15] Bleddyn died not long after and Bernard was able to advance over the whole of Brycheiniog.
Reliable historical records refer to no king of Brycheiniog after a Tewdwr ab Elise who died after 934. Certainly there is no contemporary reference to a Bleddyn ap Maenarch. The Welsh Bruts simply state that "Rhys ap Tewdwr, king of Deheubarth, was slain by the Frenchmen who were inhabiting Brycheiniog." This passage lends evidence to the belief that the conquest of Brycheiniog was mostly finished by Eastertide 1093 and that the main effect of the battle of Brecon was to open the way to the conquest of Deheubarth.
Pacification and administration of Brycheiniog
He followed the Usk down to Ystradyw and took it, which incited the bishops of Llandaff to protest because the annexation of Ystradyw removed it from their diocese and brought it into the lordship of Brecon, which was under the episcopal authority of Saint David's .[16] In Spring 1094, the southern Welsh rose in revolt against the Normans that had come to dominate them. Brycheiniog was unaffected and the Normans of that region launched a counterattack from Ystrad Tywy and Cantref Bychan which devastated Kidwelly and Gower but did not put down the revolt.[16] In 1095 it spread to Brycheiniog and the Welsh of the countryside, allied with their compatriots of Gwynllwg and Gwent took back control of the province while the Normans were forced into their fortified centres.
Two expeditions from Glamorgan came to the rescue of the garrisons of Brycheiniog. The first was crushed in battle at Celli Carnant , but the second defeated the rebels at Aber Llech .[17] What followed was the complete encastellation of Brycheiniog. Among the castles possibly built during Bernard's lordship to defend the entrances to Brycheiniog from the southeast were Tretower , Blaen Llyfni (not attested before 1207-1215), and Crickhowell .
Bernard also extensively enfeoffed his followers with Welsh land.[17] Richard fitz Pons may have been enfeoffed at Cantref Selyff on the western border of Brycheiniog and immediately he began in miniature the process whereby Bernard had come to rule Brycheiniog.[17] However, Richard's son Walter is the first recorded landholder at Cantref Selyff. Furthermore, Bernard enfeoffed the sons of the king he had displaced in the less habitable land, thereby creating a loyal Welsh aristocracy and extracting more out of his land than the Normans otherwise knew how to do.[18] The Normans lived predominantly in the valleys and lowlands in an agrarian society while the Welsh kept to the hills and mountains living pastorally, thus creating an overall economic gain.[19] Among Bleddyn's sons, Gwrgan received Blaen Llyfni and Aberllyfni while Caradog received an unnamed hill country, and Drymbenog, Bleddyn's brother, was given land neighbouring that of Richard fitz Pons.
Death and succession
By the time of his death around 1125, Bernard had established a flourishing borough around his castle of Brecon. Henry I had married Bernard's daughter Sybil to Miles Fitz Walter , the sheriff of Gloucestershire , in 1121 and passed a significant portion of Bernard's honour to him as a dowry, including Hay-on-Wye Castle.[20] According to Giraldus Cambrensis this was because Mahel de Neufmarché the son and heir of Bernard had mutilated the paramour of his mother. In vengeance his mother, Princess Nesta, swore to King Henry I that her son was illegitimate. Henry was therefore able by law and custom to pass over Mahel and give the land to his friend and confident Miles Fitz Walter with Bernard's legal heiress in marriage.
Bernard married Nesta,45 179 daughter of Osborn Fitz Richard, of Richard's Castle, Hereford and Nest verch Gruffydd,. Nesta was born about 1079 in Herefordshire, England. Other names for Nesta were Nest and Nest verch Osbern.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 120 F i. Sibyl de Neufmarché 45 180 was born about 1096 in <Aberconwy, Wales> and died after 1143 in Gloucestershire, England.
11th Generation 79. Roger de Toeni, de Conches 52 (Ralph de, de Conches54, Ralph de, de Conches34, Roger "the Spaniard" de23, Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1104 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died before 1162. Another name for Roger was Roger de Conches.
Roger married Ida, of Hainault.165 Ida was born about 1109 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England. Other names for Ida were Gertrude of Hainault and Ida de Hainault.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 121 M i. Ralph de Toeni, de Conches 52 was born about 1130 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died in 1162 about age 32.
80. Ralph de Gael, 1st Earl of Norfolk, Suffolk & Cambridge 124 125 (Emma FitzOsbern55, Alice de Toeni35, Roger "the Spaniard" de23, Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1). Another name for Ralph was Ralph de Gauder.
Noted events in his life were:
• Seigneur of Montfort de Gael:
• Unknown:
Ralph married Emma,181 daughter of William Fitz Osbern, Earl of Hereford and Unknown,.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 122 M i. Ralph de Gael de Montfort 182 was born about 1078 in Montfort, Normandy, France.
81. Ragnhild Haakonsdatter 13 (Ragnhild Magnusdatter, Princess of Norway56, Magnus I "the Good" Olafsson, King of Norway36, Olaf II "the Saint" Haraldsson, King of Norway24, Harald "Graenske" Gudrodsson19, Gudrod Bjornsson14, Bjorn "the Merchant" Haraldsson, Prince of Norway10, Svanhild Eysteinsdatter7, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1044 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
Ragnhild married Paul Thorfinnsson, Jarl of Orkney and Caithness,13 son of Thorfinn II "the Black" Sigurdsson, Earl of Orkney and Ingeborg Finnsdatter,. Paul was born about 1040 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1103 in Bergen, Hordaland, Norway about age 63. Another name for Paul was Paal Thorfinnsson Jarl of Orkney and Caithness.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 57)
82. Haakon Paalsson 13 (Paul, Jarl of Orkney and Caithness57, Thorfinn II "the Black", Earl of Orkney37, Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1070 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland> and died in 1122 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland about age 52. Another name for Haakon was Haco Paalsson.
Haakon married Helga Maddannsdatter,13 daughter of Moddan, Earl of Caithness and Unknown, about 1103 in Orkney Islands, Scotland. Helga was born about 1080 in <Caithness, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 123 F i. Ingebiorg Hakonsdatter 13 was born about 1106 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
83. Robert de Brusse 53 (Ragnvald58, Brusi38, Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1036 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died between 1080 and 1098.
Robert married Emma, de Brittany,53 daughter of Alan, Count of Brittany and Unknown,. Emma was born about 1034 in Brittany, (France) and died about 1094 about age 60.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 124 M i. Adam Brus 53 was born about 1051 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died between 1080 and 1098.
84. Somerled I Gillebrideson 19 (Gillebride59, Gille Adoman I Gilleson39, Hvarflad Hlodversdatter26, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1030 in <Scotland>.
Somerled married someone.
+ 125 M i. Imergi Somerledson 19 was born about 1050 in <Scotland>.
85. Adele de Roucy 128 129 (Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1014 in <Roucy, Aisne, France> and died about 1062 about age 48. Other names for Adele were Adela de Roucy, Alice de Roucy, and Alix de Roucy.
Adele married Hilduin III de Rameru, Count of Montdidier,183 184 son of Hilduin II de Rameru and Unknown, about 1031. Hilduin was born between 1010 and 1021 in <Montdidier, Somme, France> and died about 1063. Other names for Hilduin were Hildiun Comte de Montdidier et Roucy, Hilduin IV de Rameru Count of Montdidier and Count of Roucy.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has b. abt 1010; http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f92/a0019295.htm has b. 1021.
Research Notes: Hilduin III or IV, Count of Montdidier, Count of Roucy, Seigneur of Rameru
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Roucy: 1032.
• Lord of Rameru: 1061.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 126 F i. Adela, de Rameru .185
+ 127 F ii. Beatrix de Mondidier 186 died 2 Sep aft 1129.
+ 128 F iii. Marguerite de Rameru 187 188 189 was born between 1045 and 1050 in <Montdidier, Somme, France> and died about 1110.
+ 129 M iv. Andre I de Rameru, and d'Arcis-sur-Aube 190 died in 1118.
86. Renaud II de Nevers, Count of Nevers and Auxerre 131 132 (William I, Count of Nevers61, Adčle, of France, Countess of Auxerre41, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1047 in <Nevers, Nievre>, France and died on 5 Aug 1089 about age 42. Another name for Renaud was Renaud Comte de Nevers.
Renaud married Ida, de Forez,131 191 daughter of Artald III, Count of Lyon and Forez and Unknown,. Ida was born about 1051 in <Le Forez, Provence>, France and died in 1085 about age 34. Another name for Ida was Hawide de Forez.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 130 F i. Ermengarde, de Nevers 131 192 was born about 1073 in <Courtenay, Loiret>, France and died in 1095 in France about age 22.
87. Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester 133 136 (Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1081 in <Valois, Île-de-France, France>, died on 13 Feb 1131 in England about age 50, and was buried in Lewes, Sussex, England. Other names for Isabel were Elizabeth de Vermandois, Isabella de Vermandois, and Isabel de Vermandois.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1085 in Valois, France
Research Notes: From: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Elizabeth de Vermandois, or Elisabeth or Isabel de Vermandois (c. 1081 -13 February 1131 ), is a fascinating figure about whose descendants and ancestry much is known and about whose character and life relatively little is known. She was twice married to influential Anglo-Norman magnates, and had several children (among whose descendants are numbered many kings and some queens of England and Scotland). Her Capetian and Carolingian ancestry was a source of much pride for some of these descendants (who included these arms as quarterings in their coats-of-arms[1] ). However, the lady herself led a somewhat controversial life.
Family
Elizabeth de Vermandois was the third daughter of Hugh Magnus and Adele of Vermandois. Her paternal grandparents were Henry I of France and Anne of Kiev . Her maternal grandparents were Herbert IV of Vermandois and Adele of Vexin .
Her mother was the heiress of the county of Vermandois, and descendant of a junior patrilineal line of descent from Charlemagne . The first Count of Vermandois was Pepin of Vermandois . He was a son of Bernard of Italy , grandson of Pippin of Italy and great-grandson of Charlemagne and Hildegard .
As such, Elizabeth had distinguished ancestry and connections. Her father was a younger brother of Philip I of France and her mother was among the last Carolingians . She was also distantly related to the Kings of England , the Dukes of Normandy , the Counts of Flanders and through her Carolingian ancestors to practically every major nobleman in Western Europe .
Countess of Leicester
In 1096, while under age (and probably aged 9 or 11), Elizabeth married Robert de Meulan, 1st Earl of Leicester . Meulan was over 35 years her senior, which was an unusual age difference even for this time period. He was a nobleman of some significance in France, having inherited lands from his maternal uncle Henry, Count of Meulan, and had fought bravely and with distinction at his first battle, the Battle of Hastings in 1066 then aged only 16. His parents Roger de Beaumont , Lord of Beaumont-le-Roger and Pont-Audemar and Adeline of Meulan , heiress of Meulan had died long before; Roger had been a kinsman and close associate of William the Conqueror . Meulan had inherited lands in Normandy after his father died circa 1089, and had also been given lands in the Kingdom of England after his participation in the Norman conquest of England . However, at the time of the marriage, he held no earldom in England while his younger brother was already styled Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick .
Planche states that the bride (Elizabeth) agreed willingly to the marriage, although this means little in the context. Despite the immense age difference, this was a good marriage for its times. Meulan was a respected advisor to three reigning monarchs: William II of England ), Robert Curthose of Normandy and Philip I of France .
According to Middle Ages custom, brides were often betrothed young - 8 being the legal age for betrothal and 12 for marriage (for women). The young betrothed wife would often go to her husband's castle to be raised by his parents or other relatives and to learn the customs and ways of her husband's family. The actual wedding would not take place until much later. Some genealogists speculate that the usual age at which a noble bride could expect the marriage to be consummated would be 14. This is consistent with the date of birth of Elizabeth's first child Emma in 1102 when she would be about 15 to 17.
The marriage produced several children, including most notably two sons who were twins (born 1104 ), and thus remarkable in both surviving and both becoming important noblemen. They are better known to historians of this period as the Beaumont twins, or as Waleran de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and his younger twin Robert Bossu (the Humpback) or Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester . (Readers of Ellis Peters' Cadfael historical mystery series will find both twins mentioned frequently).
Another notable child of this marriage was Elisabeth or Isabel de Beaumont, one of the youngest mistresses of Henry I of England and later mother (by her first marriage) of Richard Strongbow .
Some contemporaries were surprised that the aging Count of Meulan (b circa 1049/1050) was able to father so many children, given how busy he was with turmoil in England and Normandy from 1102 to 1110 (or later) and acting as Henry I's unofficial minister. One explanation is offered below; another might simply be an indication of his good health and energy (expended mostly in dashing from one troublespot in Normandy to England back to Normandy).
William II of England died suddenly in a purported hunting accident, and was hastily succeeded not by the expected heir but by the youngest brother Henry . This seizure of the throne led to an abortive invasion by the older brother Duke Robert of Normandy, followed by an uneasy truce between the brothers, followed by trouble in both England and Normandy for some time (stirred up by Duke Robert, and by an exiled nobleman Robert of Bellęme, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury ). Finally, Henry invaded Normandy and in the Battle of Tinchebray (September 28 , 1106 ) destroyed organized opposition to his takeover of Normandy and imprisoned his ineffectual older brother for his lifetime. Meulan and his brother Warwick were apparently supporters of Henry during this entire period, and Meulan was rewarded with the earldom of Leicester in 1103 . By 1107, Meulan was in possession of substantial lands in three domains. In 1111, he was able to revenge himself on the attack on his seat Meulan by Louis VI of France . He avenged himself by harrying Paris .
Countess of Surrey
Elizabeth, Countess of Meulan apparently tired of her aging husband at some point during the marriage. The historian Planche says (1874) that the Countess was seduced by or fell in love with a younger nobleman, William de Warenne (c. 1071 -11 May 1138 ) himself the thwarted suitor of Edith of Scotland , Queen consort of Henry I of England. Warenne, whose mother Gundred has been alleged (in modern times) to be the Conqueror's daughter and stepdaughter by some genealogists, was said to want a royal bride, and Elizabeth fitted his requirements, even though she was also another man's wife.
In 1115, the Countess was apparently carried off or abducted by Warenne, which abduction apparently concealed a long-standing affair. There was some kind of separation or divorce between Meulan and his wife, which however did not permit her to marry her lover. The elderly Count of Meulan died, supposedly of chagrin and mortification in being thus publicly humiliated, in the Abbey of Preaux, Normandy on 5 June 1118 , leaving his properties to his two elder sons whom he had carefully educated.
Elizabeth married, secondly, William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey , sometime after the death of her first husband. By him, it is alleged, she already had several children (all born during her marriage to Meulan). She also had at least one daughter born while she was living out of wedlock with Warenne (1115-1118). It is unclear whether this daughter was Ada de Warenne, wife of Henry of Scotland or Gundrede de Warenne, wife of Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick (her half-brothers' first cousin).
The later life of Elizabeth de Vermandois is not known. Her sons by her first marriage appear to have a good relationship with their half-brother William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey although on opposing sides for much of the wars between Stephen and Matilda . Her eldest son Waleran, Count of Meulan was active in supporting the disinherited heir William Clito , son of Robert Curthose until captured by King Henry. He was not released until Clito's death without issue in 1128. Her second son Robert inherited his father's English estates and the earldom of Leicester and married the heiress of the Fitzosbern counts of Breteuil. Her daughter Isabel however became a king's concubine or mistress at a young age; it is unclear whether her mother's own life or her eldest brother's political and personal travails in this period played any part in this decision. Before her mother died, Isabel had become wife of Gilbert de Clare , later (1147) Earl of Pembroke, so had adopted a more conventional life like her mother.
There are no known biographies of Elizabeth de Vermandois, nor any known fictional treatments of her life.
Children and descendants
During her first marriage (1096-1115) to Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan (d 5 June 1118), Elizabeth had 3 sons (including twin elder sons) and 6 daughters:
In her second marriage, to William de Warenne, Elizabeth had three sons and two daughters (for a total of fourteen children - nine during her first marriage, and five during her second):
The second earl had married Isabella, daughter of Hugh, Count of Vermandois, widow of Robert de Beaumont, earl of Leicester. The arms of Warenne "checky or and azure" were adopted from the Vermandois coat after this marriage.
The original Vermandois arms were "checky or and sable" but there was no black tincture in early medieval heraldry until sable was discovered, being the crushed fur of this animal. A very deep indigo was used instead which faded into blue so the Vermandois arms becams "checky argent and or".
The Vermandois arms were inherited by the earls of Warenne and Surrey, the Newburgh earls of Warwick, the Beauchamp earls of Warwick and Worcester and the Clifford earls of Cumberland.
Isabel married Sir Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester and Count of Meulan,6 193 194 son of Roger de Beaumont, Lord of Beaumont-le-Roger and Pont-Audemer and Adeline, of Meulan, between 1096 and 1101. The marriage ended in divorce. Robert was born about 1049 in Pont-Audemer, Beaumont, Normandy, France, died on 5 Jun 1118 in Leicestershire, England about age 69, and was buried in Preaux, Normandy, France. Another name for Robert was Robert de Meulan.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 53-24 has m. 1096. Wikipedia has m. abt. 1101.
Noted events in their marriage were:
• Betrothal: to Robert de Meulan, 1096.
Research Notes: First husband of Isabel de Vermandois.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), Line 50-24 (Isabel de Vermandois) has "b. abt 1049, d. 5 Jun 1118, Lord of Beaumont, Pont-Audemer and Brionne, Count of Meulan, cr. 1st Earl of Leicester, Companion of William the Conqueror at Hastings 1066, son of Roger de Beaumont and Adeline (or Adelise), dau. of Waleran, Count of Meulan..."
From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester
Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester and Count of Meulan (1049 - June 5 , 1118 ) was a powerful English and French nobleman, revered as one of the wisest men of his age. Chroniclers speak highly of his eloquence, his learning, and three kings of England valued his counsel.
He accompanied William the Conqueror to England in 1066 , where his service earned him more than 91 lordships and manors. When his mother died in 1081 , Robert inherited the title of Count of Meulan in Normandy , also the title of Viscount Ivry and Lord of Norton. He did homage to Philip I of France for these estates and sat as French Peer in the Parliament held at Poissy .
At the Battle of Hastings Robert was appointed leader of the infantry on the right wing of the army.
He and his brother Henry were members of the Royal hunting party in the New Forest , when William Rufus received his mysterious death wound, 2 August 1100 . He then pledged alligience to William Rufus' brother, Henry I of England , who created him Earl of Leicester in 1107.
On the death of William Rufus, William, Count of Evreux and Ralph de Conches made an incursion into Robert's Norman estates, on the pretence that they had suffered injury through some advice that Robert had given to the King; their raid was very successful for they collected a vast booty.
According to Henry of Huntingdon , Robert died of shame after "a certain earl carried off the lady he had espoused, either by some intrigue or by force and stratagem." His wife Isabella remarried in 1118 to William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey .
Family and children
He was the eldest son of Roger de Beaumont and Adeline of Meulan , daughter of Waleran III, Count de Meulan , and an older brother of Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick .
In 1096 he married (Isabel) Elizabeth de Vermandois , daughter of Hugh Magnus and a scion of the French royal family. Their children were:
Emma de Beaumont (born 1102 )
Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester (born 1104 )
Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan (born 1104 )
Hugh de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Bedford (born c. 1106 )
Adeline de Beaumont, married two times:
Hugh IV of Montfort-sur-Risle ;
Richard de Granville of Bideford (d. 1147)
Aubree de Beaumont, married Hugh II of Château-neuf-Thimerais.
Maud de Beaumont, married William Lovel. (b. c. 1102)
Isabel de Beaumont, a mistress of King Henry I of England . Married two times:
Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke ;
Hervé de Montmorency, Constable of Ireland
Sources
Children from this marriage were:
+ 131 F i. Isabel de Beaumont 195 was born between 1100 and 1107 and died after 1172.
+ 132 F ii. Emma de Beaumont was born in 1102.
+ 133 M iii. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester 6 196 197 was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England. (Relationship to Father: Biological, Relationship to Mother: Biological)
+ 134 M iv. Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan 73 198 was born in 1104 in <Meulan, Île-de-France>, France, died on 10 Apr 1166 in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France at age 62, and was buried in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France.
+ 135 M v. Hugh de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Bedford was born about 1106.
+ 136 M vi. Adeline de Beaumont 133 was born about 1107.
+ 137 F vii. Aubree de Beaumont 133 was born about 1109.
+ 138 F viii. Maud de Beaumont was born about 1111.
Isabel next married William II de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey,135 199 200 son of William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey and Gundred, Countess of Surrey, after 1118. William was born about 1065 in <Sussex, England>, died on 11 May 1138 in <England> about age 73, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England. Other names for William were William Earl of Warren and Surrey, William Earl Warenne, and William Earl of Warenne.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey
William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey (died 1138 ), was the son of William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey and his first wife Gundred . He is more often referred to as Earl Warenne or Earl of Warenne than as Earl of Surrey.
Sometime around 1093 he tried to marry Matilda (or Edith) , daughter of king Malcolm III of Scotland . She instead married Henry I of England , and this may be the cause of William's great dislike of Henry I, which was to be his apparent motivator in the following years.
He accompanied Robert Curthose in his 1101 invasion of England , and afterwards lost his English lands and titles and was exiled to Normandy . There he complained to Curthose that he expended great effort on the duke's behalf and had in return lost most of his possessions. Curthose's return to England in 1103 was apparently made to convince his brother to restore William's earldom. This was successful, though Curthose had to give up all he had received after the 1101 invasion, and subsequently
William was loyal to king Henry.
To further insure William's loyalty Henry considered marrying him to one of his many illegitimate daughters. He was however dissuaded by Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury, for any of the daughters would have been within the prohibited degrees of consanguinity . The precise nature of the consanguinous relationship Anselm had in mind has been much debated, but it is most likely he was referring to common descent from the father of duchess Gunnor.
William was one of the commanders on Henry's side (against Robert Curthose) at the Battle of Tinchebray in 1106. Afterwards, with his loyalty thus proven, he became more prominent in Henry's court.
In 1110, Curthose's son William Clito escaped along with Helias of Saint-Saens , and afterwards Warenne received the forfeited Saint-Saens lands, which were very near his own in upper Normandy. By this maneuver king Henry further assured his loyalty, for the successful return of Clito would mean at the very least Warenne's loss of this new territory.
He fought at the Battle of Bremule in 1119, and was at Henry's deathbed in 1135.
Family
In 1118 William acquired the royal-blooded bride he desired when married Elizabeth de Vermandois . She was a daughter of count Hugh of Vermandois , a son of Henry I of France , and was the widow of Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester .
By Elizabeth he had three sons and two daughters:
References
The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis, ed. M. Chibnall, vol. 2, p. 264 (Oxford, 1990).
**********
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
In her second marriage, to William de Warenne, Elizabeth had three sons and two daughters (for a total of fourteen children - nine during her first marriage, and five during her second):
Children from this marriage were:
+ 139 M i. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester 6 196 197 was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England. (Relationship to Father: Step, Relationship to Mother: Biological)
+ 140 F ii. Gundred de Warenne 201 202 was born about 1117 in Warwick, Warwickshire, England, died after 1166 in Warwickshire, England, and was buried in Kelso, Roxburgh, Scotland.
+ 141 M iii. William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne 203 was born in 1118 and died in 1148 at age 30.
+ 142 F iv. Ada de Warenne 133 200 204 died about 1178.
+ 143 M v. Reginald de Warenne .
+ 144 M vi. Ralph de Warenne .
88. Raoul I, Count of Vermandois (Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1). Another name for Raoul was Count Raoul of Vermandois.
Research Notes: Source: Hugh of Vermandois
89. Henry, of Chaumont-en-Vexin (Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died in 1130.
Research Notes: Source: Hugh of Vermandois
90. Simon, Bishop of Noyon (Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Hugh of Vermandois
91. Matilde de Vermandois (Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Hugh of Vermandois
Married Raoul I of Beaugency
92. Constance de Vermandois (Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Hugh of Vermandois
Married Godefroy de la Ferte-Gaoucher
93. Agnes de Vermandois (Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Hugh of Vermandois
Married Margrave Boniface del Vasto. ;Mother of Adelaide del Vasto
94. Beatrix de Vermandois (Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Hugh of Vermandois
Married Hugh III of Gournay-en-Bray
95. Emma de Vermandois (Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Hugh of Vermandois
96. Gertrude, of Flanders 139 (Robert I, Count of Flanders66, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1070 and died in 1117 about age 47.
Gertrude married Thierry II, Duke of Lorraine,205 206 son of Gerard IV, Count of Alsace, Duke of Upper Lorraine and Hedwig, of Namur,. Thierry died in 1115. Other names for Thierry were Dietrich II Duke of Lorraine and Theodoric II "the Valiant" Duke of Lorraine.
Research Notes: Second husband of Gertrude of Flanders.
From Wikipedia - Theodoric II, Duke of Lorraine :
Theodoric II (died 1115), called the Valiant, was the duke of Lorraine from 1070 to his death. He was the son and successor of Gerhard and Hedwige de Namur. He is sometimes numbered Theodoric I if the dukes of the House of Ardennes , who ruled in Upper Lorraine from 959 to 1033, are ignored in favour of the dukes of Lower Lorraine as predecessors of the later dukes of Lorraine.
In fact, Sophia, the daughter of Duke Frederick II of the House of Ardennes, who had inherited the counties of Bar and Montbéliard , had a husband named Louis , who contested the succession. In order to receive the support of his brother, he gave him the county of Vaudémont and convened an assembly of nobles, who elected him duke over Louis. Soon Louis was dead, but his son, Theodoric II of Bar , claimed the succession anyway. However, Emperor Henry IV confirmed Theodoric the Valiant in the duchy. Probably for this reason, Theodoric remained faithful to the emperors throughout his rule. He fought the Saxons while they were at war with the Emperor between 1070 and 1078 and he opposed the popes Gregory VII and Urban II when they were in conflict with the Emperor.
In 1095, he planned to take up the Cross (i.e., go on Crusade , specifically the First ), but his ill health provoked him to drop out, nevertheless convincing his barons to go east. Thereafter, he took little part in imperial affairs, preferring not to intervene between Henry IV and his son Henry , or against Lothair of Supplinburg , duke of Saxony .
Family and children
His first wife was Hedwige (d. 1085 or 1090), daughter of Frederick, count of Formbach , they married around 1075.
They had the following issue:
His second wife was Gertrude (1080-1117), daughter of Robert I of Flanders and Gertrude of Saxony .
They had the following issue:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 145 M i. Thierry I, of Lorraine, Count of Flanders 207 208 was born about 1099 and died on 17 Jan 1168 about age 69.
97. Adela, of Normandy 140 141 (Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born between 1062 and 1067 and died about 8 Mar 1137. Other names for Adela were Adela of England and Adela of Blois.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Adela of Normandy :
Adela of Normandy also known as Adela of Blois and Adela of England "and also Adela Alice Princess of England" (c. 1062 or 1067 - 8 March 1137?) was, by marriage, Countess of Blois , Chartres , and Meaux . She was a daughter of William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders . She was also the mother of Stephen, King of England and Henry of Blois , Bishop of Winchester .
Her birthdate is generally believed to have been between 1060 and 1064; however, there is some evidence she was born after her father's accession to the English throne in 1066. She was the favourite sister of King Henry I of England ; they were probably the youngest of the Conqueror's children. She was a high-spirited and educated woman, with a knowledge of Latin .
She married Stephen Henry , son and heir to the count of Blois , sometime between 1080 and 1084, probably in 1083. Stephen inherited Blois, Chartres and Meaux in 1089, and owned over 300 properties, making him one of the wealthiest men of his day. He was a pious and revered leader who managed huge areas of France which inherited from his father and added to by his sharp administrations. He was, essentially a king in his own right. Stephen-Henry joined the First Crusade , along with his brother-in-law Robert Curthose . Stephen's letters to Adela form a uniquely intimate insight into the experiences of the Crusade's leaders. The Count of Blois returned to France in 1100 bringing with him several cartloads of maps, jewels and other treasures, which he deposited at Chartres. He was, however, under an obligation to the pope for agreements made years earlier and returned to Antioch to participate in the crusade of 1101 . He was ultimately killed in an ill advised charge at the Battle of Ramla . Rumors of his cowardice and defection under fire are untrue and unfounded and have been proven to be propaganda generated by later biased historians. Stephen-Henry was often referred to as "le Sage," and was a great patron of Troubadours and writers.
Adela and Stephen's children are listed here as follows. Their birth order is uncertain.
Guillaume (William)(d. 1150), Count of Chartres married Agnes of Sulli (d. aft 1104) and had issue.
Theobald II, aka Thibaud IV Count of Champagne
Odo of Blois, aka Humbert. died young.
Stephen of Blois {King of England}.
Lucia-Mahaut , married Richard d'Avranches, 2nd Earl of Chester . Both drowned on 25 November 1120.
Agnes of Blois, married Hugh de Puiset and were parents to Hugh de Puiset .
Eléonore of Blois (d. 1147) married Raoul I of Vermandois (d.1152) & had issue they were divorced in 1142.
Alix of Blois (d. 1145) married Renaud (d.1134)III of Joigni & had Issue
Lithuise of Blois (d. 1118) married Milo I of Montlhéry (Divorced 1115)
Philip (d. 1100) Bishop of Châlons-sur-Marne
Henry of Blois b.1101- d. 1171 (oblate child raised at Cherite sur Loire (Cluny Abbey) 1103.
Adela was regent for her husband during his extended absence as a leader of the First Crusade (1095-1098), and when he returned in disgrace it was at least in part at her urging that he returned to the east to fulfil his vow of seeing Jerusalem .[citation needed ] She was again regent in 1101, continuing after her husband's death on this second crusading expedition in 1102, for their children were still minors. Orderic Vitalis praises her as a "wise and spirited woman" who ably governed her husband's estates in his absences and after his death.
She employed tutors to educate her elder sons, and had her youngest son Henry pledged to the Church at Cluny . Adela quarrelled with her eldest son Guillaume, "deficient in intelligence as well as degenerate", and had his younger brother Theobald replace him as heir. Her son Stephen left Blois in 1111 to join his uncle's court in England.
Adela retired to Marcigny in 1120, secure in the status of her children. Later that same year, her daughter Lucia-Mahaut , was drowned in the wreck of the White Ship alongside her husband. She lived long enough to see her son Stephen seize the English throne, and took pride in the ascension of her youngest child Henry Blois to the bishophric of Winchester, but died soon after on 8 March 1135 in Marsilly, Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France.
Adela married Stephen, of Blois, Count of Blois 209 210 about 1080. Stephen was born about 1045 and died on 19 May 1102 in Ramla, (Israel) about age 57. Other names for Stephen were Stephen II of Blois and Stephen II Henry Count of Blois.
Death Notes: Killed in the battle of Ramla.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Stephen II, Count of Blois L
Stephen II Henry (c. 1045 - 19 May 1102 ), (in French , Étienne Henri), Count of Blois and Count of Chartres , was the son of Theobald III , count of Blois , and Garsinde du Maine. He married Adela of Normandy , a daughter of William the Conqueror around 1080 in Chartres .
Count Stephen was one of the leaders of the First Crusade , often writing enthusiastic letters to Adela about the crusade 's progress. He returned home in 1098 during the lengthy siege of Antioch , without fulfilling his crusading vow to forge a way to Jerusalem . He was pressured by Adela into making a second pilgrimage, and joined the minor crusade of 1101 in the company of others who had also returned home prematurely. In 1102, Stephen was killed in the Battle of Ramla at the age of fifty-seven.
Family and children
Stephen and Adela's children were:
William, Count of Sully (d.1150), Count of Chartres married Agnes of Sulli (d. aft 1104) and had issue.
Theobald II, Count of Champagne
Odo, died young.
Stephen, King of England
Lucia-Mahaut , married Richard d'Avranches, 2nd Earl of Chester . Both drowned on 25 November 1120 .
Agnes, married Hugh III of Le Puiset
Eléonore (d. 1147) married Raoul I of Vermandois (d. 1152) and had issue; they were divorced in 1142.
Alix (d. 1145) married Renaud III of Joigni (d. 1134) and had issue
Lithuise (d. 1118) married Milo de Brai , Viscount of Troyes (divorced 1115)
Henry, Bishop of Winchester
Humbert, died young.
Lithuise , who married Milon of Troyes , viscount of Troyes , was possibly his sister and not his daughter, judging from the dates of her children.
He had an illegitimate daughter Emma, who was the mother of William of York , archbishop of York .[1]
Noted events in his life were:
• Leader of the First Crusade:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 146 M i. Stephen, of Blois, King of England 211 212 was born about 1096 in Blois, Loire-et-Cher, France, died on 25 Oct 1154 in Dover Priory, Dover, England about age 58, and was buried in Faversham Abbey.
98. Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England 142 143 (Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born between May 1068 and May 1069 in <Selby, Yorkshire>, England and died on 1 Dec 1135 in St. Denis-le-Fermont, France. Other names for Henry were Henry I King of England and Henry I Beauclerc King of England.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots line 124-25 has b. 1070.
Research Notes: Fourth son of William the Conqueror.
From Wikipedia - Henry I of England :
Henry I (c. 1068/1069 - 1 December 1135) was the fourth son of William I the Conqueror . He succeeded his elder brother William II as King of England in 1100 and defeated his eldest brother, Robert Curthose , to become Duke of Normandy in 1106. He was called Beauclerc for his scholarly interests and Lion of Justice for refinements which he brought about in the administrative and legislative machinery of the time.
Henry's reign is noted for its political opportunism. His succession was confirmed while his brother Robert was away on the First Crusade and the beginning of his reign was occupied by wars with Robert for control of England and Normandy. He successfully reunited the two realms again after their separation on his father's death in 1087. Upon his succession he granted the baronage a Charter of Liberties , which formed a basis for subsequent challenges to rights of kings and presaged Magna Carta , which subjected the King to law.
The rest of Henry's reign was filled with judicial and financial reforms. He established the biannual Exchequer to reform the treasury . He used itinerant officials to curb abuses of power at the local and regional level, garnering the praise of the people. The differences between the English and Norman populations began to break down during his reign and he himself married a daughter of the old English royal house. He made peace with the church after the disputes of his brother's reign, but he could not smooth out his succession after the disastrous loss of his eldest son William in the wreck of the White Ship . His will stipulated that he was to be succeeded by his daughter, the Empress Matilda , but his stern rule was followed by a period of civil war known as the Anarchy .
Early life
Henry was born between May 1068 and May 1069, probably in Selby in Yorkshire . His mother, Queen Matilda , was descended from Alfred the Great (but not through the main West Saxon Royal line). Queen Matilda named the infant Prince Henry, after her uncle, Henry I of France . As the youngest son of the family, he was almost certainly expected to become a Bishop and was given rather more extensive schooling than was usual for a young nobleman of that time. The Chronicler William of Malmesbury asserts that Henry once remarked that an illiterate King was a crowned ass. He was certainly the first Norman ruler to be fluent in the English language .
William I's second son Richard was killed in a hunting accident in 1081, so William bequeathed his dominions to his three surviving sons in the following manner:
The Chronicler Orderic Vitalis reports that the old King had declared to Henry: "You in your own time will have all the dominions I have acquired and be greater than both your brothers in wealth and power."
Henry tried to play his brothers off against each other but eventually, wary of his devious manoeuvring, they acted together and signed an Accession Treaty. This sought to bar Prince Henry from both Thrones by stipulating that if either King William or Duke Robert died without an heir, the two dominions of their father would be reunited under the surviving brother.
Seizing the throne of England
When, on 2 August 1100 , William II was killed by an arrow in yet another hunting accident in the New Forest, Duke Robert had not yet returned from the First Crusade . His absence allowed Prince Henry to seize the Royal Treasury at Winchester, Hampshire , where he buried his dead brother. There are suspicions that, on hearing that Robert was returning alive from his crusade with a new bride, Henry decided to act and arranged the murder of William by the French Vexin Walter Tirel .[1] Thus he succeeded to the throne of England, guaranteeing his succession in defiance of William and Robert's earlier agreement. Henry was accepted as King by the leading Barons and was crowned three days later on 5 August at Westminster Abbey . He secured his position among the nobles by an act of political appeasement: he issued a Charter of Liberties which is considered a forerunner of the Magna Carta .
First marriage
On 11 November 1100 Henry married Edith , daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland. Since Edith was also the niece of Edgar Atheling and the great-granddaughter of Edward the Confessor 's paternal half-brother Edmund Ironside , the marriage united the Norman line with the old English line of Kings. The marriage greatly displeased the Norman Barons, however, and as a concession to their sensibilities Edith changed her name to Matilda upon becoming Queen. The other side of this coin, however, was that Henry, by dint of his marriage, became far more acceptable to the Anglo-Saxon populace.
The chronicler William of Malmesbury described Henry thus: "He was of middle stature, greater than the small, but exceeded by the very tall; his hair was black and set back upon the forehead; his eyes mildly bright; his chest brawny; his body fleshy."
Conquest of Normandy
In the following year, 1101, Robert Curthose , Henry's eldest brother, attempted to seize the crown by invading England. In the Treaty of Alton , Robert agreed to recognise his brother Henry as King of England and return peacefully to Normandy , upon receipt of an annual sum of 2000 silver marks, which Henry proceeded to pay.
In 1105, to eliminate the continuing threat from Robert and the drain on his fiscal resources from the annual payment, Henry led an expeditionary force across the English Channel .
Battle of Tinchebray
On the morning of 28 September 1106, exactly 40 years after William had made his way to England, the decisive battle between his two surviving sons, Robert Curthose and Henry Beauclerc, took place in the small village of Tinchebray. This combat was totally unexpected and unprepared. Henry and his army were marching south from Barfleur on their way to Domfront and Robert was marching with his army from Falaise on their way to Mortain. They met at the crossroads at Tinchebray and the running battle which ensued was spread out over several kilometres. The site where most of the fighting took place is the village playing field today. Towards evening Robert tried to retreat but was captured by Henry's men at a place three kilometres (just under two miles) north of Tinchebray where a farm named "Prise" (taken) stands today on the D22 road. The tombstones of three knights are nearby on the same road.
King of England and Ruler of Normandy
After Henry had defeated his brother's Norman army at Tinchebray he imprisoned Robert, initially in the Tower of London , subsequently at Devizes Castle and later at Cardiff. One day whilst out riding Robert attempted to escape from Cardiff but his horse was bogged down in a swamp and he was recaptured. To prevent further escapes Henry had Robert's eyes burnt out. Henry appropriated the Duchy of Normandy as a possession of the Kingdom of England and reunited his father's dominions. Even after taking control of the Duchy of Normandy he didn't take the title of Duke, he chose to control it as the King of England.
In 1113, Henry attempted to reduce difficulties in Normandy by betrothing his eldest son, William Adelin , to the daughter of Fulk of Jerusalem (also known as Fulk V), Count of Anjou, then a serious enemy. They were married in 1119. Eight years later, after William's untimely death, a much more momentous union was made between Henry's daughter, (the former Empress) Matilda and Fulk's son Geoffrey Plantagenet , which eventually resulted in the union of the two Realms under the Plantagenet Kings.
Activities as a King
Henry's need for finance to consolidate his position led to an increase in the activities of centralized government. As King, Henry carried out social and judicial reforms, including:
Between 1103 and 1107 Henry was involved in a dispute with Anselm , the Archbishop of Canterbury , and Pope Paschal II in the investiture controversy , which was settled in the Concordat of London in 1107. It was a compromise. In England, a distinction was made in the King's chancery between the secular and ecclesiastical powers of the prelates. Employing the distinction, Henry gave up his right to invest his bishops and abbots, but reserved the custom of requiring them to come and do homage for the "temporalities " (the landed properties tied to the episcopate), directly from his hand, after the bishop had sworn homage and feudal vassalage in the ceremony called commendatio, the commendation ceremony , like any secular vassal.
Henry was also known for some brutal acts. He once threw a treacherous burgher named Conan Pilatus from the tower of Rouen; the tower was known from then on as "Conan's Leap". In another instance that took place in 1119, Henry's son-in-law, Eustace de Pacy, and Ralph Harnec, the constable of Ivry , exchanged their children as hostages. When Eustace blinded Harnec's son, Harnec demanded vengeance. King Henry allowed Harnec to blind and mutilate Eustace's two daughters, who were also Henry's own grandchildren. Eustace and his wife, Juliane, were outraged and threatened to rebel. Henry arranged to meet his daughter at a parley at Breteuil, only for Juliane to draw a crossbow and attempt to assassinate her father. She was captured and confined to the castle, but escaped by leaping from a window into the moat below. Some years later Henry was reconciled with his daughter and son-in-law.
Legitimate children
He had two children by Matilda (Edith), who died on 1 May 1118 at the palace of Westminster. She was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Matilda . (c. February 1102 - 10 September 1167 ). She married firstly Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor , and secondly, Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou , having issue by the second.
William Adelin , (5 August 1103 - 25 November 1120 ). He married Matilda (d.1154), daughter of Fulk V, Count of Anjou .
Second marriage
On 29 January 1121 he married Adeliza , daughter of Godfrey I of Leuven , Duke of Lower Lotharingia and Landgrave of Brabant , but there were no children from this marriage. Left without male heirs, Henry took the unprecedented step of making his barons swear to accept his daughter Empress Matilda , widow of Henry V, the Holy Roman Emperor , as his heir.
Death and legacy
Henry visited Normandy in 1135 to see his young grandsons, the children of Matilda and Geoffrey. He took great delight in his grandchildren, but soon quarrelled with his daughter and son-in-law and these disputes led him to tarry in Normandy far longer than he originally planned.
Henry died on 1 December 1135 of food poisoning from eating "a surfeit of lampreys " (of which he was excessively fond) at Saint-Denis-en-Lyons (now Lyons-la-Foręt ) in Normandy. His remains were sewn into the hide of a bull to preserve them on the journey, and then taken back to England and were buried at Reading Abbey , which he had founded fourteen years before. The Abbey was destroyed during the Protestant Reformation . No trace of his tomb has survived, the probable site being covered by St James' School. Nearby is a small plaque and a large memorial cross stands in the adjoining Forbury Gardens .
Although Henry's barons had sworn allegiance to his daughter as their Queen, her gender and her remarriage into the House of Anjou , an enemy of the Normans, allowed Henry's nephew Stephen of Blois , to come to England and claim the throne with popular support.
The struggle between the former Empress and Stephen resulted in a long civil war known as the Anarchy . The dispute was eventually settled by Stephen's naming of Matilda's son, Henry Plantagenet , as his heir in 1153.
Illegitimate children
King Henry is famed for holding the record for the largest number of acknowledged illegitimate children born to any English king, with the number being around 20 or 25. He had many mistresses, and identifying which mistress is the mother of which child is difficult. His illegitimate offspring for whom there is documentation are:
Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester . Often, said to have been a son of Sybil Corbet.
Maud FitzRoy, married Conan III, Duke of Brittany
Constance FitzRoy, married Richard de Beaumont
Mabel FitzRoy, married William III Gouet
Aline FitzRoy, married Matthieu I of Montmorency
Gilbert FitzRoy, died after 1142. His mother may have been a sister of Walter de Gand.
Emma, born c. 1138; married Gui de Laval, Lord Laval. [Uncertain, born 2 years after Henry died.][2]
With Edith
Matilda, married in 1103 Count Rotrou II of Perche. She perished 25 Nov 1120 in the wreck of the White Ship . She left two daughters; Philippa who married Helie of Anjou (son of Fulk V) and Felice.
With Gieva de Tracy
William de Tracy
With Ansfride
Ansfride was born c. 1070. She was the wife of Anskill of Seacourt, at Wytham in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire ).
Juliane de Fontevrault (born c. 1090); married Eustace de Pacy in 1103. She tried to shoot her father with a crossbow after King Henry allowed her two young daughters to be blinded.
Fulk FitzRoy (born c. 1092); a monk at Abingdon .
Richard of Lincoln (c. 1094 - 25 November 1120 ); perished in the wreck of the White Ship .
With Sybil Corbet
Lady Sybilla Corbet of Alcester was born in 1077 in Alcester in Warwickshire . She married Herbert FitzHerbert, son of Herbert 'the Chamberlain' of Winchester and Emma de Blois. She died after 1157 and was also known as Adela (or Lucia) Corbet. Sybil was definitely mother of Sybil and Rainald, possibly also of William and Rohese. Some sources suggest that there was another daughter by this relationship, Gundred, but it appears that she was thought as such because she was a sister of Reginald de Dunstanville but it appears that that was another person of that name who was not related to this family.
Sybilla de Normandy , married Alexander I of Scotland .
William Constable, born before 1105. Married Alice (Constable); died after 1187.
Reginald de Dunstanville, 1st Earl of Cornwall .
Gundred of England (1114-46), married 1130 Henry de la Pomeroy, son of Joscelin de la Pomerai.
Rohese of England, born 1114; married William de Tracy (b. 1040 in Normandy, France d. 1110 in Barnstaple, Devon, England)son of Turgisus de Tracy. They married in 1075. They had four children 1)Turgisus II de Tracy b. 1066, 2) Henry de Tracy b. 1068, 3) Gieva de Tracy b. 1068 d. 1100, 4)Henry of Barnstaple Tracy b. 1070 d.1170.
With Edith FitzForne
Robert FitzEdith, Lord Okehampton, (1093-1172) married Dame Maud d'Avranches du Sap. They had one daughter, Mary, who married Renaud, Sire of Courtenay (son of Miles, Sire of Courtenay and Ermengarde of Nevers).
Adeliza FitzEdith. Appears in charters with her brother Robert.
With Princess Nest
Nest ferch Rhys was born about 1073 at Dinefwr Castle , Carmarthenshire , the daughter of Prince Rhys ap Tewdwr of Deheubarth and his wife, Gwladys ferch Rhywallon. She married, in 1095, to Gerald de Windsor (aka Geraldus FitzWalter) son of Walter FitzOther, Constable of Windsor Castle and Keeper of the Forests of Berkshire . She had several other liaisons - including one with Stephen of Cardigan, Constable of Cardigan (1136) - and subsequently other illegitimate children. The date of her death is unknown.
Henry FitzRoy , 1103-1158.
With Isabel de Beaumont
Isabel (Elizabeth) de Beaumont (after 1102 - after 1172), daughter of Robert de Beaumont , sister of Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester . She married Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke , in 1130. She was also known as Isabella de Meulan.
Isabel Hedwig of England
Matilda FitzRoy , abbess of Montvilliers, also known as Montpiller
Noted events in his life were:
• King of England: 1100-1135.
Henry married Matilda, of Scotland, daughter of Malcolm III Canmore, King of Scots and Saint Margaret, of Scotland, on 11 Nov 1100 in Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England. Matilda was born in 1079 in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland and died on 1 May 1118 in Westminster Palace, London, England at age 39. Other names for Matilda were Edith of Scotland and Maud of Scotland.
Birth Notes: Place name may be Dermfermline.
Research Notes: Source: Also familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-22
From Wikipedia - Matilda of Scotland :
Matilda of Scotland[1] (born Edith; c. 1080 - 1 May 1118) was the first wife and queen consort of Henry I .
Matilda was born around 1080 in Dunfermline , the daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret . She was christened Edith, and Robert Curthose stood as godfather at her christening - the English queen Matilda of Flanders was also present at the font and may have been her godmother.
When she was about six years old, Matilda (or Edith as she was then probably still called) and her sister Mary were sent to Romsey , where their aunt Cristina was abbess. During her stay at Romsey and Wilton , The Scottish princess was much sought-after as a bride; she turned down proposals from both William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey , and Alan Rufus , Lord of Richmond. Hermann of Tournai even claims that William II Rufus considered marrying her. She was out of the monastery by 1093, when Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, wrote to the Bishop of Salisbury ordering that the daughter of the king of Scotland be returned to the monastery that she had left.
After the death of William II Rufus in August 1100, his brother Henry quickly seized the royal treasury and the royal crown. His next task was to marry, and Henry's choice fell on Matilda. Because Matilda had spent most of her life in a nunnery, there was some controversy over whether or not she had been veiled as a nun and would thus be ineligible for marriage. Henry sought permission for the marriage from Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury , who returned to England in September 1100 after a long exile. Professing himself unwilling to decide so weighty a matter on his own, Anselm called a council of bishops in order to determine the legality of the proposed marriage. Matilda testified to the archbishop and the assembled bishops of the realm that she had never taken holy vows. She insisted that her parents had sent her and her sister to England for educational purposes, and that her aunt Cristina had veiled her only to protect her "from the lust of the Normans ." Matilda claimed she had pulled the veil off and stamped on it, and her aunt beat and scolded her most horribly for this. The council concluded that Matilda had never been a nun, nor had her parents intended that she become one, and gave their permission for the marriage.
Matilda and Henry seem to have known one another for some time before their marriage - William of Malmesbury states that Henry had "long been attached" to her, and Orderic Vitalis says that Henry had "long adored" Edith's character. Through her mother she was descended from Edmund Ironside and thus Alfred the Great and the old line of the kings of Wessex; this was very important as Henry wanted to help make himself more popular with the English people and Matilda represented the old English dynasty. In their children the Norman and Anglo-Saxon dynasties would be united. Another benefit of the marriage was that England and Scotland became politically closer; three of her brothers served as kings of Scotland and were unusually friendly to England during this period.
After Matilda and Henry were married on 11 November 1100 at Westminster Abbey by Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury , she was crowned as "Matilda", a fashionable Norman name. She gave birth to a daughter, Matilda, in February 1102, and a son, William, in November 1103. As queen, she maintained her court primarily at Westminster , but accompanied her husband in his travels all across England, and, circa 1106-1107, probably visited Normandy with him. She also served in a vice-regal capacity when Henry was away from court. Her court was filled with musicians and poets; she commissioned a monk, probably Thurgot , to write a biography of her mother, Saint Margaret . She was an active queen, and like her mother was renowned for her devotion to religion and the poor. William of Malmesbury describes her as attending church barefoot at Lent , and washing the feet and kissing the hands of the sick. She also administered extensive dower properties and was known as a patron of the arts, especially music.
After Matilda died on 1 May 1118 at Westminster Palace , she was buried at Westminster Abbey . The death of her only son and Henry's failure to produce a legitimate son from his second marriage led to the succession crisis of The Anarchy .
Children from this marriage were:
+ 148 F i. EmpressMatilda, Countess of Anjou 214 215 was born about 7 Feb 1102 and died on 10 Sep 1167 about age 65.
+ 149 M ii. William Adelin, Duke of Normandy 216 was born in 1103 and died on 25 Nov 1120 at age 17.
Henry next married someone.
+ 150 F i. Maud, Princess of England 13 was born about 1091 in England.
Henry had a relationship with Adeliza, of Louvain,217 daughter of Godefroi de Louvain, Duc de Basse-Lorraine and Ida, of Chiny and Namur, in 1120. This couple did not marry. Adeliza was born about 1103 and was buried on 23 Apr 1151 in Abbey of Affligem. Another name for Adeliza was Adela of Louvain. They had no children.
Research Notes: 2nd wife of Henry I
Henry next had a relationship with Sybilla Corbet, of Alcester.143 This couple did not marry. Sybilla was born in 1077 in Alcester, Warwickshire, England and died after 1157.
Research Notes: May not have been the mother of Robert de Caen.
From Wikipedia - Henry I of England :
With Sybil Corbet
Lady Sybilla Corbet of Alcester was born in 1077 in Alcester in Warwickshire . She married Herbert FitzHerbert, son of Herbert 'the Chamberlain' of Winchester and Emma de Blois. She died after 1157 and was also known as Adela (or Lucia) Corbet. Sybil was definitely mother of Sybil and Rainald, possibly also of William and Rohese. Some sources suggest that there was another daughter by this relationship, Gundred, but it appears that she was thought as such because she was a sister of Reginald de Dunstanville but it appears that that was another person of that name who was not related to this family.
Sybilla de Normandy , married Alexander I of Scotland .
William Constable, born before 1105. Married Alice (Constable); died after 1187.
Reginald de Dunstanville, 1st Earl of Cornwall .
Gundred of England (1114-46), married 1130 Henry de la Pomeroy, son of Joscelin de la Pomerai.
Rohese of England, born 1114; married William de Tracy (b. 1040 in Normandy, France d. 1110 in Barnstaple, Devon, England)son of Turgisus de Tracy. They married in 1075. They had four children 1)Turgisus II de Tracy b. 1066, 2) Henry de Tracy b. 1068, 3) Gieva de Tracy b. 1068 d. 1100, 4)Henry of Barnstaple Tracy b. 1070 d.1170.
+ 151 M i. Robert de Caen, 1st Earl of Gloucester 218 219 220 was born about 1090 in <Caen, Normandy, France>, died on 31 Oct 1147 in Bristol, Gloucestershire, England about age 57, and was buried in St. James Priory, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England.
Henry next had a relationship with Elizabeth de, Beaumont,221 daughter of Robert I de Beaumont and Unknown,. This couple did not marry.
+ 152 F i. Elizabeth, Princess of England 222 223 was born about 1095 in <Talby, Yorkshire, England>.
99. Henry I, Duke of Bavaria 146 (Judith, of Normandy68, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1074 and died on 13 Dec 1126 at age 52.
Henry married Wulfhilda, of Saxony,224 daughter of Magnus, Duke of Saxony and Sophia, Betw 1095 and 1100. Wulfhilda was born about 1075 and died on 29 Dec 1126 about age 51.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 153 F i. Judith, of Bavaria was born in 1100 and died in 1130 at age 30.
100. Hugh I, Duke of Burgundy (Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1057 and died in 1093 at age 36.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia (Henry of Burgundy)
101. Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy 147 148 (Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1058 and died on 23 Mar 1103 in Cilicia about age 45. Other names for Eudes were Eudes I "the Red" of Burgundy and Eudes I Borel of Burgundy.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy :
Eudes I, surnamed Borel and called the Red, (1058-23 March 1103 ) was Duke of Burgundy between 1079 and 1103. Eudes was the second son of Henry of Burgundy and grandson of Robert I . He became the duke following the abdication of his older brother, Hugh I, who retired to become a Benedictine monk. Eudes married Sibylla of Burgundy (1065 - 1101), daughter of William I, Count of Burgundy .
They had:
An interesting incident is reported of this robber baron by an eyewitness, Eadmer , biographer of Anselm of Canterbury . While Saint Anselm was progressing through Eudes's territory on his way to Rome in 1097, the bandit, expecting great treasure in the archbishop's retinue, prepared to ambush and loot it. Coming upon the prelate's train, the duke asked for the archbishop, whom they had not found. Anselm promptly came forward and took the duke by surprise, saying "My lord duke, suffer me to embrace thee." The flabbergasted duke immediately allowed the bishop to embrace him and offered himself as Anselm's humble servant.
He was a participant in the ill-fated Crusade of 1101 .
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Burgundy: 1079-1103.
Eudes married Sibylle, of Burgundy-Ivrea,176 daughter of Guillaume I de Bourgogne and Stephanie, de Longwy, in 1080. Sibylle died after 1103. Another name for Sibylle was Matilda of Burgundy-Ivrea.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 154 F i. Hélie, of Burgundy 225 226 was born about 1080 and died on 28 Feb 1141 in Abbey of Perseigne about age 61.
102. Robert, Bishop of Langres (Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1059 and died in 1111 at age 52.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Henry of Burgundy
103. Beatrice, of Burgundy 149 (Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1063 and died after 1110.
Beatrice married Guy III de Vignory, Seigneur de Vignory,227 son of Guy II "le Rouge" de Vignory and Hildegarde de Bar-sur-Aube, after 1082. Guy died 1125 or 1126.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has d. 1125 and d. 1126
The child from this marriage was:
+ 155 F i. Adélarde de Vignory 228 died after 1140.
104. Reginald, Abbot of St. Pierre (Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1065 and died in 1092 at age 27.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Henry of Burgundy
105. Henry, of Burgundy, Count of Portugal 102 150 151 (Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1069 in <Bourgogne, Champagne>, France and died on 1 Nov 1112 at age 43. Other names for Henry were Henri of Burgundy, Count of Portugal, Henrique of Burgundy, Count of Portugal, Henry I de Bourgogne, and Henry I Count of Portugal.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Henry, Count of Portugal :
Henry of Burgundy, Count of Portugal (1066 -1112 ) was Count of Portugal from 1093 to his death. He was the son of Henry of Burgundy , heir of Robert I, Duke of Burgundy , and brother of Hugh I, Duke of Burgundy and Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy . His name is Henri in modern French , Henricus in Latin , Enrique in modern Spanish and Henrique in modern Portuguese . He was a distant cousin of Raymond of Burgundy and Pope Callistus II .
As a younger son, Henry had little chances of acquiring fortune and titles by inheritance, thus he joined the Reconquista against the Moors in the Iberian Peninsula . He helped king Alfonso VI of Castile and León conquer modern Galicia and the north of Portugal and in reward he married Alfonso's daughter Theresa, Countess of Portugal in 1093 , receiving the County of Portugal , then a fiefdom of the Kingdom of León , as a dowry .
From Teresa, Henry had three sons and three daughters. The only son to survive childhood was Afonso Henriques , who became the second Count of Portugal in 1112. However, the young man Afonso was energetic and expanded his dominions at the expense of Muslims . In 1139 , he declared himself King of Portugal after reneging the subjugation to León, in open confrontation with his mother. Two daughters also survived childhood, Urraca and Sancha. Urraca Henriques married a Bermudo Peres de Trava, Count of Trastamara. Sancha Henriques married a nobleman, Sancho Nunes de Celanova.
Henry married Theresa, of Leon and Castile,102 daughter of Alfonso VI "the Brave", of Castile, King of Castile and Leon and Ximena Nunia de Guzman, in 1093. Theresa was born about 1070 in <Toledo, Castile>, Spain and died on 1 Nov 1130 about age 60. Another name for Theresa was Teresa Alfonsez of Léon and Castile.
Research Notes: Natural daughter of Alkfonso VI by his mistress Ximena Nunia de Guzman.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 156 M i. Afonso I, King of Portugal 229 230 was born on 25 Jul 1109 in Viseu, Viseu, Portugal, died on 6 Dec 1185 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 76, and was buried in Santa Cruz Monastery, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
106. Helie (Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: A nun.
Source: Wikipedia - Henry of Burgundy
107. Urraca, of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon 48 154 155 (Constance, of Burgundy70, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1082 in <Burgos, Castile>, Spain and died on 8 Mar 1126 in Saldana, Palencia, Spain about age 44. Other names for Urraca were Urraca of Léon, Urraca I Queen of Léon and Castile, and Urraca Alfonsez of Castile and Léon.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Urraca of León and Castile :
Urraca of León (1078 - March 8 , 1126 ) was Queen of León and Castile from 1109 to her death. She was the first woman ever to reign in a western European monarchy. Urraca was the daughter of Alfonso VI of León by his second wife, Constance of Burgundy . She became heiress to her father's kingdom after her only brother was killed in the Battle of Uclés (1108) .
In childhood, she was betrothed to and later married Raymond of Burgundy who died in September 1107. They had two children: the Infante Alfonso Raimúndez (born 1104) and the Infanta Sancha (born before 1095). The widow Urraca was now ruler of Galicia, and as She her father's only surviving legitimate child, she could claim to be heiress of the reign of Castile. King Alfonso VI of León selected the king of Navarre and Aragon, Alfonso I of Aragon as her husband. They had hoped for an alliance that would safeguard the kingdom, since Alfonso was renowned as a great warrior. However, the marriage proved barren and turned exceedingly bitter. According to the chronicler Ibn al-Athir , Alfonso once remarked that "a real soldier lives with men, not with women".
Urraca and Alfonso of Aragon were also second cousins, and Bernard, Archbishop of Toledo , objected to the marriage on these grounds and condemned it as consanguineous . Nevertheless, Urraca and Alfonso were married in October 1109 in Monzón . Their inability to produce a child created a rift, and Urraca accused Alfonso of being physically abusive to her. The royal couple were soon separated. By October of 1110 or 1111, her supporters fought a battle against Alfonso's forces at Candespina , in which her premier nobleman and former aspirant to her hand, count Gómez González , was killed. A further defeat was inflicted at Viadangos , at which Pedro Froilaz de Traba was captured. Their marriage was annulled in 1114. Urraca never remarried, though she took as lover another powerful nobleman, count Pedro González de Lara.
Urraca's reign was disturbed by strife among the powerful nobles and especially by constant warfare with her husband who had seized her lands. Another thorn on her side was her brother-in-law, Henry , the husband of her half-sister Teresa of Leon . He alternatively allied with Alfonso I of Aragon , then betrayed Alfonso for a better offer from Urraca's court. After Henry's death in 1112, his widow, Teresa, still contested ownership of lands with Urraca. With the aid of her son, Alfonso Raimúndez, Urraca was able to win back much of her domain and ruled successfully for many years.
According to the Chronicon Compostellanum , Urraca died in childbirth in 1126. The supposed father was her lover, Count Pedro González of Lara. However the author of the chronicles was openly hostile to the adulterous queen, and the historian Reilly notes that a pregnancy was unlikely at the queen's age of 48. She was succeeded by her legitimate son, Alfonso VII .
Illegitimate children
Besides her two legitimate children by Raymond of Burgundy, Urraca also had an illegitimate son by her lover, Pedro González de Lara. She recognized their son, Fernando Perez Furtado , in 1123.
Noted events in her life were:
• Queen of Léon and Castile: 1109-1126.
Urraca married Raymond, of Burgundy, Count of Amous,172 173 son of Guillaume I de Bourgogne and Stephanie, de Longwy, about 1087 in Toledo, Castile, Spain. Raymond was born about 1060 in <Dijon>, France and died on 26 Mar 1107 in Grajal do Campos, Léon, Spain about age 47. Other names for Raymond were Raimundo of Burgundy and Raymond de Bourgogne.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1065
Death Notes: Wikipedia has d. September 1107. FamilySearch has d. 24 Mar 1107.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Raymond of Burgundy :
Raymond of Burgundy (Spanish and Portuguese : Raimundo) was the fourth son of William I, Count of Burgundy and was Count of Amous . He came to the Iberian Peninsula for the first time during the period 1086-1087 with Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy . He came for the second time (1090) to marry Urraca of Castile , eventual heiress of Alfonso VI of Castile , King of León and Castile .
He came with his cousin Henry of Burgundy , who married the other daughter of Alfonso VI, Teresa of León (or Portugal ). By his marriage Raymond received the County of Galicia , the County of Portugal and the County of Coimbra . The last two were later offered to Henry of Burgundy, father of the first Portuguese King Afonso I Henriques of Portugal .
He was succeeded by his son:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 157 F i. InfantaSancha was born before 1095.
+ 158 M ii. Alfonso VII, King of Castile and Léon 48 231 232 was born on 1 Mar 1105 in Toledo, Castile, Spain, died on 21 Aug 1157 in La Fresneda, Teruel, Aragon, Spain at age 52, and was buried in Catedral De Toledo, Toledo, Castile.
108. Aelis de Dammartin 102 (Hugues de Dammartin, Count of Dammartin71, Constance Capet47, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1084 in Dammartin-en-Goele, Seine-et-Marne, France.
Aelis married Aubrey, de Mello,102 son of Gilbert, Baron of Mello and Unknown, about 1104. Aubrey was born about 1080 in <Mello, Oise>, France. Another name for Aubrey was Aubrey de Mello.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 159 M i. Alberic I, Count of Dammartin 102 was born about 1110 in <Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died in 1183 about age 73.
109. Rohese FitzRichard de Clare 23 159 (Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1055 in Tunbridge, Kent, England and died in 1121 in England about age 66. Other names for Rohese were Rohese de Clare, Rohesia de Clare, and Rohese FitzRichard de Clare.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1067, Tunbridge, Kent, England.
Rohese married Eudo de Rie,23 233 234 son of Hubert de Rie and Unknown,. Eudo was born about 1047 in <Normandy, France> and died about 1120 about age 73. Other names for Eudo were Eudea De Rie, Eudo FitzHubert, and Eudo "le Dapfier" de Rie.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1063, Normandy, France.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Eudo Dapifer :
Eudo Dapifer or Eudo `le Dapifer' de Rie (1047c - 1120) was a Norman aristocrat favoured by William the Conqueror .
This Eudo was the fourth son of Hubert de Rie, the loyal vassal who saved the life of Duke William in his flight from Valognes by mounting him on a fresh horse, and misleading his pursuers, who were close upon his heels (vide vol. i, p. 23). Three of Hubert's four sons were directed by him to escort the Duke, and not leave him till he was safe in Falaise . Whether Eudo was one of the three we know not, as Orderic does not name them; but as they must all have been young at that time, and Eudo the youngest of the four, it is probable that Ralph, Hubert, and Adam were the guides and guardians of their youthful prince, themselves not much his seniors.
Eudo, the fourth son, continuing here in King William's service, obtained from him divers lordships in sundry counties, viz, in Essex twenty-five, in Hertfordshire seven, in Berkshire one, in Bedfordshire twelve, in Norfolk nine, and in Suffolk ten; and personally attending the court it so happened that William Fitz Osbern, then steward of the household, had set before the King the flesh of a crane scarce half roasted, whereat the King took such offence as that he lifted up his fist and had stricken him fiercely but that Eudo bore (warded off) the blow. Whereupon Fitz Osborn grew so displeased as that he quitted his office, desiring that Eudo might have it. To which request the King, as well for his father Hubert's demerits and his own, at the desire of Fitz Osbern readily yielded.
Eudo became Dapifer after the departure of the Earl for Normandy, and for seventeen years enjoyed the favour of his sovereign, and being in attendance on the dying Conqueror at Rouen , was mainly instrumental to the securing of the crown to Rufus , whom he accompanied to England, and by his representations obtained from William de Pontarche the keys of the treasury at Winchester , wherein the regalia, as well as the money, was deposited. Thence he hastened to Dover , and bound the governor of the castle by a solemn oath that he would not yield it to any one but by his advice.
Pevensey , Hastings , and other maritime strongholds he managed to secure in like manner, pretending that the King, whose death was still rumoured in secret, would stay longer in Normandy, and desired to have good assurances of the safety of his castles in England from himself, his then steward.
Returning to Winchester he publicly announced the death of the Conqueror; so, while the nobles were consulting together in Normandy respecting the succession, William II, by Eudo's policy, was proclaimed King in England.
His great service was duly appreciated by Rufus, in whose favour he remained during his whole reign, and in 1096/7 founded the Church of St. Peter's at Colchester , he himself laying the first stone, Rohesia, his wife, the second, and Gilbert Fitz Richard de Clare, her brother, the third.
On the death of Rufus he was coldly looked upon by the new King, Henry , who suspected him of being a partisan of his brother Robert Court-heuse, but subsequently was reconciled to him and visited him when he was dying in his Castle of Préaux, and advised him as to the disposition of his temporal estates.
To his Abbey at Colchester, wherein he desired to be buried, he bequeathed one hundred pounds in money, his gold ring with a topaz, a standing cup and cover adorned with plates of gold, his horse and a mule, and in addition to the lands he had endowed it with on its foundation, he bestowed on it his manor of Brightlingsea .
His body was brought over to England, and according to the desire expressed in his will, buried at Colchester on the morrow preceding the kalends of March, 1120 (20th of Henry I).
By his wife Rohesia, daughter of Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare or de Bienfaite , and Rohesia, only daughter of Walter Giffard, the first Earl of Buckingham, he left issue one sole daughter and heir, named Margaret, married to William de Mandeville , and mother of Geoffrey de Mandeville , first Earl of Essex, to secure whose services King Stephen and the Empress Maude appear to have bid against each other to a fabulous extent. Dying excommunicated for outrages committed on the monks of Ramsey, his corpse was carried by some Knights Templars into their orchard in the Old Temple at London , arrayed in the habit of the Order, and after being enclosed in lead, hung on a branch of a tree, where it remained until absolution being obtained from Pope Alexander II , by the intercession of the Prior of Walden, it was, taken down and privately buried in the porch of the New Temple, where his effigy is still to be seen.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 160 F i. Margaret de Rie 23 235 was born in 1065 in <Rycott, Oxford>, England and died in <England>.
110. Robert Fitz Richard, Lord of Little Dunmow, Essex 160 161 (Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1064 and died about 1136 about age 72. Another name for Robert was Robert FitzRichard Lord of Little Dunmow, Essex.
Research Notes: First husband of Maud de St. Liz.
From Wikipedia - Robert Fitz Richard :
Robert Fitz Richard (1064-1136), entitled Robert Fitz Richard, Lord of Little Dunmow, Baron of Baynard , was a Norman landowner in England. His estates near Little Dunmow are said[1] to have been given to him after confiscation from Ralph Baynard , who had them earlier[2].
He was steward under Henry I of England [3] and under Stephen of England [4]. He served for a period as High Sheriff of Yorkshire
Family
He was the son of Sir Richard Fitz Gilbert , Lord of Clare and Tonbridge (c. 1035-1090) and Rohese Giffard, (b. c. 1034), daughter of Sir Walter Giffard, Lord of Longueville ,[5] and Agnes Flatel.[6]
He married (c. 1114), Maud de St. Liz, daughter of Sir Simon de St Liz, Earl of Northampton , and Maud de Huntingdon .
Children were:
Noted events in his life were:
• Steward: under Henry II.
• High Sheriff: of Yorkshire.
• Steward: under Stephen of England.
Robert married Maud de St. Liz,236 237 238 daughter of Simon de Senlis, Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton and Maud, of Huntingdon, about 1114. Maud died in 1140. Other names for Maud were Matilda of St Liz, Maud de Senlis, and Maud de Senliz.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots, line 130-27 has "d. 1140 (or 1158/63?)"
Research Notes: From Magna Charta Barons, p. 120:
Saier de Quincey, who had a grant from Henry II. of the manor of Bushby, Northamptonshire. He m. Maud de St. Liz, probably a daughter of Simon de St. Liz, a noble Norman, who was created Earl of Northampton and Huntingdon, and his wife Maud, daughter and coheiress of Waltheof, first Earl of Northampton and Northumberland, who, conspiring against the Normans, was beheaded, in 1075, at Winchester, although his wife was a niece of the Conqueror. Waltheof was the son of Syward, the celebrated Saxon Earl of Northumberland.
111. Gilbert FitzRichard, de Clare 162 163 164 165 (Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1065 in <Clare, Suffolk>, England and died about 1115 in <England> about age 50. Other names for Gilbert were Gilbert FitzRichard de Clare and Gilbert Fitz Richard Earl of Clare and Lord of Tonbridge.
Birth Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019557.htm has b. 1065
Death Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019557.htm has d. 1114
Research Notes: Lord of Clare, Tonbridge, and Cardigan, Wales; or Earl of Clare, Lord of Tonbridge and Cardigan.
From Wikipedia - Gilbert Fitz Richard :
Gilbert Fitz Richard (1065-1115) was son and heir of Richard Fitz Gilbert , earl of Clare, and heiress Rohese Giffard. He succeeded to his father's possessions in England in 1090; his brother, Roger Fitz Richard, inherited his father's lands in Normandy . Earl Gilbert's inheritance made him one of the wealthiest magnates in early twelfth-century England.
Gilbert may have been present at the suspicious death of William II in the New Forest in 1100. He was granted lands and the Lordship of Cardigan by Henry I , including Cardigan Castle . He and his wife Adeliza had nine children, two of whom became peers of the realm . He founded the Cluniac priory at Stoke-by-Clare, Suffolk.
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Clare, Tonbridge and Cardigan:
• Founded: Priory of Clare, 1090, Stoke-by-Clare, Suffolk, England. Cluniac priory
Gilbert married Adelaide de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis,189 239 240 daughter of Hugh de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis and Marguerite de Rameru, about 1083. Adelaide was born about 1058 in <Northamptonshire, England> and died in <England>. Other names for Adelaide were Alice de Claremont, Adeliza de Clermont, and Adeliza de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis.
Marriage Notes: FamilySearch has m. bef. 1076 in England. Thepeerage.com has m. abt 1083.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has b. by 1072, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019558.htm has b. 1058.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 161 F i. Adeliza de Clare 241 242 243 was born between 1066 and 1080 in <Essex, England> and died about 1163 in <Clare, Suffolk, England>.
+ 162 M ii. Richard FitzGilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Hertford 23 244 245 246 was born between 1084 and 1090 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England, was christened in Clare, Suffolk, England, died on 15 Apr 1136 in [near Abergavenny], Monmouthshire, England, and was buried in Gloucester.
+ 163 F iii. Rohese FitzRichard 165 was born about 1090 in <Clare, Suffolk>, England and died in 1149 in England about age 59.
+ 164 M iv. Baldwin FitzGilbert de Clare, Lord of Bourne, Deeping and Skellingthorpe 247 248 was born about 1092 and died in 1154 about age 62.
+ 165 M v. Gilbert FitzGilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke 189 247 249 was born about 1100 and died on 6 Jan 1148 about age 48.
112. Bertrade, de Montfort 167 (Agnes d'Évreux73, Richard, Count of Évreux49, Robert II, Count of Évreux31, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1070 and died on 14 Feb 1117 in <Fontevraud Abbey> about age 47. Another name for Bertrade was Beatrice de Montfort.
Research Notes: 5th wife of Fulk IV. "Abducted" by King Philip I of France in 1092.
From Wikipedia - Bertrade de Montfort :
Bertrade de Montfort (c. 1070-14 February 1117) was the daughter of Simon I de Montfort and Agnes, Countess of Evreux . Her brother was Amauri de Montfort .
Marriages
The oft-married Fulk IV, Count of Anjou was married to the mother of his son in 1089, when the lovely Bertrade caught his eye. According to the chronicler John of Marmoutier :
The lecherous Fulk then fell passionately in love with the sister of Amaury of Montfort, whom no good man ever praised save for her beauty. For her sake, he divorced the mother of Geoffrey II Martel…
Bertrade and Fulk were married, and they became the parents of a son, Fulk , but in 1092 Bertrade left her husband and took up with King Philip I of France . Philip married her on 15 May 1092, despite the fact that they both had spouses living. He was so enamoured of Bertrade that he refused to leave her even when threatened with excommunication . Pope Urban II did excommunicate him in 1095, and Philip was prevented from taking part in the First Crusade . Astonishingly, Bertrade persuaded Philip and Fulk to be friends.
Children
With Fulk IV, Count of Anjou :
With Philip I of France :
Later life
According to Orderic Vitalis , Bertrade was anxious that one of her sons succeed Philip, and sent a letter to King Henry I of England asking him to arrest her stepson Louis . Orderic also claims she sought to kill Louis first through the arts of sorcery, and then through poison. Whatever the truth of these allegations, Louis succeeded Philip in 1108. Bertrade lived on until 1117; William of Malmesbury says: "Bertrade, still young and beautiful, took the veil at Fontevraud Abbey , always charming to men, pleasing to God, and like an angel." Her son from her first marriage was Fulk V of Anjou who later became King of Jerusalem iure uxoris . The dynasties founded by Fulk's sons ruled for centuries, one of them in England (Plantagenet ), the other in Jerusalem .
Bertrade married Fulk IV "le Réchin", Count of Anjou,250 251 252 son of Aubri-Geoffrey, Count of the Gâtinais and Ermengarde, of Anjou, in 1089. Fulk was born in 1043 in Anjou, France and died on 14 Apr 1109 at age 66.
Research Notes: From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871918 :
Count of Anjou and chronicler. Having inhereted the right to Touraine and Chateau-Landon, half of the Angevin inheritance, from his uncle, Geoffrey Martel I, Fulk went to war against his brother Geoffrey, captured and imprisoned him in 1066 and took Anjou and Saintonge, Geoffrey's half of the inheritance, into his domains. The Chronicle of the Counts of Anjou tells that his wife eloped with Philip I of France (RIN # 1332) in 1107. Fulk himself was the initiator of this work in the 1090's, chronicling his forbearers. (This reference is not to his first wife Hildegard, RIN #1763)
!The Plantagenet Chronicles: 20,30,33-7
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From Wikipedia - Fulk IV, Count of Anjou :
Fulk IV (1043-1109), called le Réchin, was the Count of Anjou from 1068 until his death. The nickname by which he is usually referred has no certain translation. Philologists have made numerous very different suggestions, including "quarreler", "sullen", and "heroic".
Biography
He was the younger son of Geoffrey, Count of Gâtinais (sometimes known as Aubri), and Ermengarde of Anjou , a daughter of Fulk the Black , count of Anjou, and sister of Geoffrey Martel , also count of Anjou.
When Geoffrey Martel died without direct heirs he left Anjou to his nephew Geoffrey III of Anjou , Fulk le Réchin's older brother.
Fulk fought with his brother, whose rule was deemed incompetent, and captured him in 1067. Under pressure from the Church he released Geoffrey. The two brothers soon fell to fighting again, and the next year Geoffrey was again imprisoned by Fulk, this time for good.
Substantial territory was lost to Angevin control due to the difficulties resulting from Geoffrey's poor rule and the subsequent civil war. Saintonge was lost, and Fulk had to give the Gâtinais to Philip I of France to placate the king.
Much of Fulk's rule was devoted to regaining control over the Angevin baronage, and to a complex struggle with Normandy for influence in Maine and Brittany .
In 1096 Fulk wrote an incomplete history of Anjou and its rulers titled Fragmentum historiae Andegavensis or "History of Anjou", though the authorship and authenticity of this work is disputed. Only the first part of the history, describing Fulk's ancestry, is extant. The second part, supposedly describing Fulk's own rule, has not been recovered. If he did write it, it is one of the first medieval works of history written by a layman.[1]
Fulk may have married as many as five times; there is some doubt regarding two of the marriages.
His first wife was Hildegarde of Baugency . After her death, before 1070, he married Ermengarde de Borbon , and then possibly Orengarde de Châtellailon . Both these were repudiated (Ermengarde de Borbon in 1075 and Orengarde de Chatellailon in 1080), possibly on grounds of consanguinity.
By 1080 he may have married Mantie , daughter of Walter I of Brienne . This marriage also ended in divorce, in 1087. Finally, he married Bertrade de Montfort , who was apparently "abducted" by King Philip I of France in 1092.
He had two sons. The eldest (a son of Ermengarde de Borbon), Geoffrey IV Martel , ruled jointly with him for some time, but died in 1106. The younger (a son of Bertrade de Montfort) succeeded him as Fulk V .
He also had a daughter by Hildegarde of Baugency, Ermengarde , who married firstly with William IX , count of Poitou and duke of Aquitaine and secondly with Alan IV, Duke of Brittany .
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Anjou: 1068-1109.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 166 M i. Fulk V "the Young", Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem 253 254 255 was born in 1092 in Angers, France and died on 10 Nov 1144 in Acre, Palestine at age 52.
113. Amaury de Montfort 73 (Agnes d'Évreux73, Richard, Count of Évreux49, Robert II, Count of Évreux31, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1070 in <Montfort Amaury, Île-de-France, France> and died in 1137 about age 67. Another name for Amaury was Amauri de Montfort.
Amaury married Agnes de Garlende,73 daughter of Anselm de Garlende and < > de Montlhéry, in 1120 in Garlende, France. Agnes was born about 1095 in <Garlende>, France. Another name for Agnes was Agnes de Garlende.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 167 F i. Agnes de Montfort 73 was born about 1123 in <Montfort-de-Risle, Eure>, France and died on 15 Dec 1181 about age 58.
114. Ranulph II, Vicomte of Bayeux in Normandy 13 169 170 (Alice, of Normandy74, Richard III, Duke of Normandy50, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1048 in <Normandy, France> and died after Apr 1089. Other names for Ranulph were Ranulf de Briquessart, Ranulf de Gernon Viscomte de Bessin, and Ranulf de Meschines Vicomte de Bayeux.
Research Notes: Adult by 1066
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132B-25
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From Wikipedia - Ranulf de Briquessart :
Ranulf de Briquessart[1] or Ranulf the Viscount (died c. 1089 or soon after) was an 11th century Norman magnate and viscount . Ranulf's family were connected to the House of Normandy by marriage, and, besides Odo , bishop of Bayeux , was the most powerful magnate in the Bessin region.[2] He married Margaret, daughter of Richard Goz, viscount of the Avranchin , whose son and successor Hugh d'Avranches became Earl of Chester in England c. 1070.[3]
Ranulf is probably the "Ranulf the viscount" who witnessed a charter of William , Duke of Normandy , at Caen on 17 June 1066.[4] Ranulf helped preside over a judgement in the curia of King William (as duke) in 1076 in which a disputed mill was awarded to the Abbey of Mont St. Michael .[5] On 14 July 1080 he witnessed a charter to the Abbey of Lessay (in the diocese of Coutances ), another in the same year addressed to Remigius de Fécamp bishop of Lincoln in favour of the Abbey of Préaux .[6] and one more in the same period, 1079 x 1082, to the Abbey of St Stephen of Caen .[7] His name is attached to a memorandum in 1085, and on 24 April 1089 he witnessed a confirmation of Robert Curthose , Duke of Normandy and Count of Maine to St Mary of Bayeaux, where he appears below his son in the witness list.[8]
He probably died sometime after this. His son Ranulf le Meschin became ruler of Cumberland and later Earl of Chester.[9] The Durham Liber Vitae , c. 1098 x 1120, shows that his eldest son was one Richard, who died in youth, and that he had another son named William.[10] He also had a daughter called Agnes, who later married Robert de Grandmesnil (died 1136).[9]
Noted events in his life were:
• Adult: by 1066.
• Living: 1089.
Ranulph married Maud d'Avranches,13 256 257 daughter of Richard le Goz, Viscomte d'Avranches and Emma de Conteville, about 1069 in Avranches, Normandy, France. Maud was born about 1054 in <Avranches, Normandy, France>. Other names for Maud were Margaret d'Avranches and Maud de Abrincis.
Research Notes: Sister of Hugh Lupus, Earl of Chester.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132B-25 (Ranulph II)
Children from this marriage were:
+ 168 M i. Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester 13 258 259 260 261 was born about 1070 in <Briquessart, Livry, France>, died on 17 Jan 1129 in Chester, Cheshire, England about age 59, and was buried in St Werburgh, Chester, Cheshire, England.
+ 169 M ii. William le Meschin, Lord of Skipton-in-Craven, Yorkshire 13 262 263 was born about 1100 in <Gernon Castle, Normandy, France>.
115. Raymond, of Burgundy, Count of Amous 172 173 (Guillaume I de Bourgogne75, Adelais, de Normandie51, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1060 in <Dijon>, France and died on 26 Mar 1107 in Grajal do Campos, Léon, Spain about age 47. Other names for Raymond were Raimundo of Burgundy and Raymond de Bourgogne.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1065
Death Notes: Wikipedia has d. September 1107. FamilySearch has d. 24 Mar 1107.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Raymond of Burgundy :
Raymond of Burgundy (Spanish and Portuguese : Raimundo) was the fourth son of William I, Count of Burgundy and was Count of Amous . He came to the Iberian Peninsula for the first time during the period 1086-1087 with Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy . He came for the second time (1090) to marry Urraca of Castile , eventual heiress of Alfonso VI of Castile , King of León and Castile .
He came with his cousin Henry of Burgundy , who married the other daughter of Alfonso VI, Teresa of León (or Portugal ). By his marriage Raymond received the County of Galicia , the County of Portugal and the County of Coimbra . The last two were later offered to Henry of Burgundy, father of the first Portuguese King Afonso I Henriques of Portugal .
He was succeeded by his son:
Raymond married Urraca, of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon,48 154 155 daughter of Alfonso VI "the Brave", of Castile, King of Castile and Leon and Constance, of Burgundy, about 1087 in Toledo, Castile, Spain. Urraca was born about 1082 in <Burgos, Castile>, Spain and died on 8 Mar 1126 in Saldana, Palencia, Spain about age 44. Other names for Urraca were Urraca of Léon, Urraca I Queen of Léon and Castile, and Urraca Alfonsez of Castile and Léon.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Urraca of León and Castile :
Urraca of León (1078 - March 8 , 1126 ) was Queen of León and Castile from 1109 to her death. She was the first woman ever to reign in a western European monarchy. Urraca was the daughter of Alfonso VI of León by his second wife, Constance of Burgundy . She became heiress to her father's kingdom after her only brother was killed in the Battle of Uclés (1108) .
In childhood, she was betrothed to and later married Raymond of Burgundy who died in September 1107. They had two children: the Infante Alfonso Raimúndez (born 1104) and the Infanta Sancha (born before 1095). The widow Urraca was now ruler of Galicia, and as She her father's only surviving legitimate child, she could claim to be heiress of the reign of Castile. King Alfonso VI of León selected the king of Navarre and Aragon, Alfonso I of Aragon as her husband. They had hoped for an alliance that would safeguard the kingdom, since Alfonso was renowned as a great warrior. However, the marriage proved barren and turned exceedingly bitter. According to the chronicler Ibn al-Athir , Alfonso once remarked that "a real soldier lives with men, not with women".
Urraca and Alfonso of Aragon were also second cousins, and Bernard, Archbishop of Toledo , objected to the marriage on these grounds and condemned it as consanguineous . Nevertheless, Urraca and Alfonso were married in October 1109 in Monzón . Their inability to produce a child created a rift, and Urraca accused Alfonso of being physically abusive to her. The royal couple were soon separated. By October of 1110 or 1111, her supporters fought a battle against Alfonso's forces at Candespina , in which her premier nobleman and former aspirant to her hand, count Gómez González , was killed. A further defeat was inflicted at Viadangos , at which Pedro Froilaz de Traba was captured. Their marriage was annulled in 1114. Urraca never remarried, though she took as lover another powerful nobleman, count Pedro González de Lara.
Urraca's reign was disturbed by strife among the powerful nobles and especially by constant warfare with her husband who had seized her lands. Another thorn on her side was her brother-in-law, Henry , the husband of her half-sister Teresa of Leon . He alternatively allied with Alfonso I of Aragon , then betrayed Alfonso for a better offer from Urraca's court. After Henry's death in 1112, his widow, Teresa, still contested ownership of lands with Urraca. With the aid of her son, Alfonso Raimúndez, Urraca was able to win back much of her domain and ruled successfully for many years.
According to the Chronicon Compostellanum , Urraca died in childbirth in 1126. The supposed father was her lover, Count Pedro González of Lara. However the author of the chronicles was openly hostile to the adulterous queen, and the historian Reilly notes that a pregnancy was unlikely at the queen's age of 48. She was succeeded by her legitimate son, Alfonso VII .
Illegitimate children
Besides her two legitimate children by Raymond of Burgundy, Urraca also had an illegitimate son by her lover, Pedro González de Lara. She recognized their son, Fernando Perez Furtado , in 1123.
Noted events in her life were:
• Queen of Léon and Castile: 1109-1126.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 107)
116. Ermentrude, of Burgundy 67 174 (Guillaume I de Bourgogne75, Adelais, de Normandie51, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1060 in Burgundy, France and died after 8 Mar 1105.
Ermentrude married Thierry I, Count of Montbéliard & Bar-le-Duc,67 264 son of Louis, Count of Montbéliard and Sophia, Countess of Bar-le-Duc, in 1076. Thierry was born about 1045 in <Bar-le-Duc, Meuse>, France and died on 2 Jan 1105 about age 60. Another name for Thierry was Dietrich I Count of Montbéliard & Bar-le-Duc.
Research Notes: Count of Bar-le-Duc by right of his wife.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 170 M i. Renaud I, Count of Mousson, Count of Bar-le-Duc 67 265 was born about 1077 in Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, France and died on 10 Mar 1149 about age 72.
117. Gisele, of Burgundy 102 175 (Guillaume I de Bourgogne75, Adelais, de Normandie51, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1070 in <Bourgogne, Champagne, France> and died after 1133. Other names for Gisele were Gille de Bourgogne and Gisela de Bourgogne.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1060 in Bourgogne
Death Notes: FamilySearch has d. after 1133
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 101-24 (Louis VI) and line 274A-24 (Humbert II).
Gisele married Humbert II "Le Renforcé", Count of Maurienne and Savoy,48 266 son of Amadeus II, Count of Maurienne and Savoy, Margrave of Susa and Jeanne, of Geneva, about 1090. Humbert was born about 1062 in <Savoie>, France, died on 14 Oct 1103 about age 41, and was buried on 19 Oct 1103.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 274A-24 (new to 8th edition) and line 101-24 (Louis VI)
Noted events in his life were:
• Marquis of Turin:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 171 F i. Adelaide, of Savoy 267 was born about 1092 and died on 1 Aug 1154 about age 62.
+ 172 M ii. Amadeus III, Count of Savoy, Maurienne and Turin 268 was born about 1095 in <Savoie>, France and died on 30 Aug 1148 in Cyprus about age 53.
118. Sibylle, of Burgundy-Ivrea 176 (Guillaume I de Bourgogne75, Adelais, de Normandie51, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died after 1103. Another name for Sibylle was Matilda of Burgundy-Ivrea.
Sibylle married Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy,147 148 son of Henry, of Burgundy and < >, [Not Sibylle of Barcelona], in 1080. Eudes was born about 1058 and died on 23 Mar 1103 in Cilicia about age 45. Other names for Eudes were Eudes I "the Red" of Burgundy and Eudes I Borel of Burgundy.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy :
Eudes I, surnamed Borel and called the Red, (1058-23 March 1103 ) was Duke of Burgundy between 1079 and 1103. Eudes was the second son of Henry of Burgundy and grandson of Robert I . He became the duke following the abdication of his older brother, Hugh I, who retired to become a Benedictine monk. Eudes married Sibylla of Burgundy (1065 - 1101), daughter of William I, Count of Burgundy .
They had:
An interesting incident is reported of this robber baron by an eyewitness, Eadmer , biographer of Anselm of Canterbury . While Saint Anselm was progressing through Eudes's territory on his way to Rome in 1097, the bandit, expecting great treasure in the archbishop's retinue, prepared to ambush and loot it. Coming upon the prelate's train, the duke asked for the archbishop, whom they had not found. Anselm promptly came forward and took the duke by surprise, saying "My lord duke, suffer me to embrace thee." The flabbergasted duke immediately allowed the bishop to embrace him and offered himself as Anselm's humble servant.
He was a participant in the ill-fated Crusade of 1101 .
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Burgundy: 1079-1103.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 101)
119. Judith, of Lens 52 123 177 (Adelaide, of Normandy, Countess of Aumale77, Robert I, Duke of Normandy52, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1054 in <Lens, Artois>, France. Another name for Judith was Judith of Boulogne.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 130-25, also 98A-23. From note for Line 148-22 (after 22. Lambert of Boulogne): "Judith of Lens (Gen. 23 in previous editions) appears to have been Adelaide's child by her first marriage to Enguerrand II. See Judith of Lens (130-25, 98A-23) for her descendants.)
Here father was previously thought to be Lambert II, Count of Lens (e.g., in Magna Charta Barons, p. 81).
Judith married Waltheof II, Earl of Northumberland,52 123 269 son of Sigurd, Earl of Northumberland and Aelfflaed, of Bernicia, in 1070 in Artois, France. Waltheof was born in 1050, died on 31 May 1076 in Winchester, (Hampshire), England at age 26, and was buried in Chapter House of Croyland Abbey, Winchester, Hampshire, England.
Death Notes: Beheaded
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria :
Waltheof (1050 -31 May 1076 ), Earl of Northumbria and last of the Anglo-Saxon earls . He was the only English aristocrat to be formally executed during the reign of William I . He was reputed for his physical strength but was weak and unreliable in character.
Early Life
He was the second son of Siward, Earl of Northumbria . His mother was Aelfflaed, daughter of Ealdred, Earl of Bernicia , son of Uhtred, Earl of Northumbria . In 1054, Waltheof's brother, Osbearn, who was much older than him, was killed in battle, making Waltheof his father's heir. Siward himself died in 1055, and Waltheof being far too young to succeed as Earl of Northumbria, King Edward appointed Tostig Godwinson to the earldom.
He was said to be devout and charitable and was probably educated for a monastic life. In fact, around 1065 he became an earl, governing Northamptonshire and Huntingdonshire . Following the Battle of Hastings he submitted to William and was allowed to keep his pre-Conquest title and possessions. He remained at William's court until 1068.
First revolt
When Sweyn II invaded Northern England in 1069 Waltheof and Edgar Ćtheling joined the Danes and took part in the attack on York . He would again make a fresh submission to William after the departure of the invaders in 1070. He was restored to his earldom, and went on to marry William's niece, Judith of Lens . In 1072, he was appointed Earl of Northampton .
The Domesday Book mentions Waltheof ("Walleff"); "'In Hallam ("Halun"), one manor with its sixteen hamlets, there are twenty-nine carucates [~14 km˛] to be taxed. There Earl Waltheof had an "Aula" [hall or court]. There may have been about twenty ploughs. This land Roger de Busli holds of the Countess Judith." (Hallam, or Hallamshire , is now part of the city of Sheffield .
In 1072, William expelled Gospatric from the earldom of Northumbria. Gospatric was Waltheof's cousin and had taken part in the attack on York with him, but like Waltheof, had been pardoned by William. Gospatric fled into exile and William appointed Waltheof as the new earl.
Waltheof had many enemies in the north. Amongst them were members of a family who had killed Waltheof's maternal great-grandfather, Uchtred the Bold , and his grandfather Ealdred . This was part of a long-running blood feud. In 1074, Waltheof moved against the family by sending his retainers to ambush them, succeeding in killing the two eldest of four brothers.
Second revolt and death
In 1075 Waltheof joined the Revolt of the Earls against William. His motives for taking part in the revolt are unclear, as is the depth of his involvement. However he repented, confessing his guilt first to Archbishop Lanfranc , and then in person to William, who was at the time in Normandy . He returned to England with William but was arrested, brought twice before the king's court and sentenced to death.
He spent almost a year in confinement before being beheaded on May 31 , 1076 at St. Giles's Hill , near Winchester . He was said to have spent the months of his captivity in prayer and fasting. Many people believed in his innocence and were surprised when the execution was carried out. His body was initially thrown in a ditch, but was later retrieved and was buried in the chapter house of Croyland Abbey .
Family and children
In 1070 he married Judith of Lens , daughter of Lambert II, Count of Lens and Adelaide of Normandy , Countess of Aumale . They had three daughters, the eldest of whom, Maud , brought the earldom of Huntingdon to her second husband, David I of Scotland , and another of whom, Adelise, married the Anglo-Norman noble Raoul III of Tosny .
One of Waltheof's grandsons was Waltheof (d. 1159), abbot of Melrose .
Noted events in his life were:
• Earl of Northampton:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 173 F i. Maud, of Huntingdon 200 270 271 was born about 1074 and died in 1131 about age 57.
+ 174 F ii. Alice Huntingdon 52 123 was born about 1085 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died after 1126.
120. Sibyl de Neufmarché 45 180 (Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1096 in <Aberconwy, Wales> and died after 1143 in Gloucestershire, England.
Sibyl married Miles, of Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford,45 272 273 son of Walter FitzRoger, of Gloucester and Bertha, in 1121. Miles was born about 1100 in <Gloucester, Gloucestershire, > England, died on 24 Dec 1143 about age 43, and was buried in Llanthony Priory, Monmouthshire, Wales. Other names for Miles were Miles de Gloucester 1st Earl of Hereford and Milo de Gloucester 1st Earl of Hereford.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1092
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Miles de Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford :
Miles de Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford, Lord of Brecknock (1100-24 December 1143 ), was the son of Walter de Gloucester , who appears as sheriff of that county between 1104 and 1121.
Milo or Miles succeeded his father about the latter year.
He was high in the service of Henry I between 1130 and 1135, he was Constable of England and combined the hereditary office of Sheriff of Gloucester with that of local justiciar for Gloucestershire .
Civil war allegiances
After the death of King Henry he declared for Stephen , at whose court he appears as constable in 1136. King Stephen granted him the honour of Gloucester and Brecknock . However, in 1139, when the empress Matilda appeared in England, he declared for her, and placed the city of Gloucester at her disposal; he was further distinguished by sacking the nearby royalist city of Worcester , attacking Stephen's siege works at Wallingford Castle and reducing the county of Hereford . He was retained as her Constable.
Earldom
In 1141, he was rewarded with the earldom of Hereford when Matilda ruled the country. He remained loyal to the Empress after her defeat at Winchester the same year. John of Salisbury classes him with Geoffrey de Mandeville and others who were non tam comites regni quam hostes publici. The charge is justified by his public policy; but the materials for appraising his personal character do not exist.
Family and children
He married Sybil de Neufmarche , daughter of Bernard de Neufmarche , Lord of Brecon and Nest, granddaughter of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn , in 1121. Their children were:
Bertha of Hereford , married William de Braose before 1150, by whom she had issue.
Roger Fitzmiles, 2nd Earl of Hereford .
Walter de Hereford died after 1159 in the Holy Land. He was Sheriff of Gloucester in 1155-1157 and Sheriff of Hereford in 1155-1159.
Henry Fitzmiles Henry of Hereford, died 12 April 1165. He succeeded to the title of Baron Abergavenny in 1141/42.
William de Hereford . He died before 1160 without issue.
Mahel de Hereford , died October 1165 at Bronllys Castle , Breconshire , Wales, mortally hurt when a stone dropped from the tower during a fire; died without issue. Buried at Llanthony Priory .
Margaret de Gloucester , married Humphrey de Bohun , by whom she had issue.
Lucy of Gloucester , married Herbert FitzHerbert of Winchester , Lord Chamberlain , by whom she had issue. Buried at Llanthony Priory .
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord High Constable of England: 1130-1135.
• Lord of Brecknock:
• Created: Earl of Hereford, 1141.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 175 F i. Margaret, of Hereford 274 died in 1146.
+ 176 F ii. Bertha, of Hereford 45 273 275 was born about 1130 in <Gloucester, Gloucestershire, > England.
+ 177 M iii. Richard FitzMiles, 2nd Earl of Hereford .273
+ 178 M iv. Walter de Hereford died after 1159 in Palestine.
+ 179 M v. Henry FitzMiles died on 12 Apr 1165.
+ 180 M vi. William, de Hereford 273 died before 1160.
+ 181 M vii. Mahel, de Hereford 273 died in Oct 1165 in Bronllys Castle, Breconshire, Wales and was buried in Llanthony Priory, Monmouthshire, Wales.
+ 182 F viii. Maud, of Hereford .276
+ 183 F ix. Lucy, of Hereford 273 277 died after 1220 and was buried in Chapter House of Lanthony, near Gloucester.
12th Generation 121. Ralph de Toeni, de Conches 52 (Roger de, de Conches79, Ralph de, de Conches54, Ralph de, de Conches34, Roger "the Spaniard" de23, Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1130 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died in 1162 about age 32. Another name for Ralph was Ralph de Conches.
Ralph married someone.
+ 184 M i. Roger de Toeni 52 was born about 1156 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died about Jan 1209 about age 53.
122. Ralph de Gael de Montfort 182 (Ralph de Gael, 1st Earl of Norfolk, Suffolk & Cambridge80, Emma FitzOsbern55, Alice de Toeni35, Roger "the Spaniard" de23, Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1078 in Montfort, Normandy, France. Other names for Ralph were Ralph of Montfort, Ralph of Gael, and Ralph de Waiet Seigneur de Gael de Montfort.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester
Also Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 63-25 (Sir Robert de Beaumont) - Ralph de Gael de Montfort; line 53-25 (Sir Robert de Beaumont) - Seigneur of Montford de Gael in Brittany.
Noted events in his life were:
• Seigneur of Montford de Gael: in Brittany.
Ralph married someone.
+ 185 F i. Amice de Gael de Montfort 6 182 197 was born about 1108 and died 31 Aug 1168 or 1169 about age 60.
123. Ingebiorg Hakonsdatter 13 (Haakon82, Paul, Jarl of Orkney and Caithness57, Thorfinn II "the Black", Earl of Orkney37, Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1106 in <Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland>.
Ingebiorg married Olave I Bitling, King of the Isle of Man,13 son of Godfred Crovan Haraldson and Unknown,. Olave was born about 1080 in <Isle of Man> and died after 1153 in Isle of Man (Mann).
The child from this marriage was:
+ 186 F i. Ragnhild Olafsdatter 13 was born about 1117 in <Isle of Man>.
124. Adam Brus 53 (Robert de83, Ragnvald58, Brusi38, Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1051 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died between 1080 and 1098. Another name for Adam was Adelm Brus.
Adam married Emma Ramsey.53 Emma was born about 1062 in <Carrick, Argyllshire, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 187 M i. Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale 278 was born about 1071 in <Skelton, Yorkshire, England>, died on 11 May 1141 in Skelton, North Yorkshire, England about age 70, and was buried in Gisborough Priory, Guisborough, North Yorkshire, England.
125. Imergi Somerledson 19 (Somerled I Gillebrideson84, Gillebride59, Gille Adoman I Gilleson39, Hvarflad Hlodversdatter26, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1050 in <Scotland>. Another name for Imergi was Gilledoman Somerledson.
Imergi married someone.
+ 188 M i. Gillebride 19 was born about 1080 in <Scotland>.
126. Adela, de Rameru 185 (Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Adela married Arnold II, Count of Chiny. Arnold died in 1106.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 149-23 (Adelaide of Namur)
The child from this marriage was:
+ 189 M i. Otto II, Count of Chiny died on 28 Mar 1125.
127. Beatrix de Mondidier 186 (Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died 2 Sep aft 1129.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 153A-23
Beatrix married Geoffroy IV, Count of Mortagne, 1st Count de Perche,279 son of Routrou II, Count of Mortagne, Viscount of Chateaudun and Adeline de Bellesme, Dame de Domfront,. Geoffroy died in 1100.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 153A-23 (Beatrix de Montdidier)
Children from this marriage were:
+ 190 F i. Maud, de Perche was born in 1105 and died on 28 May 1143 at age 38.
+ 191 F ii. Margaret de Perche 280 died after 1156.
+ 192 F iii. Juliana, of Mortagne and Perche .281
128. Marguerite de Rameru 187 188 189 (Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born between 1045 and 1050 in <Montdidier, Somme, France> and died about 1110. Other names for Marguerite were Marguerite de Montdidier, Margaret de Mondidier, Margaret de Rameru, and Margaret de Roucy.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has b. abt 1050; http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f96/a0019615.htm has b. 1045.
Marguerite married Hugh de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis,189 282 283 son of Renaud de Clermont and Ermengardis de Clermont, about 1080. Hugh was born about 1030 in <Clermont, Oise (Picardie), France> and died in 1101 about age 71. Other names for Hugh were Hugh Count of Clermont, Creil and Mouchy, Hugues Comte de Clermont, and Hugh de Creil Count of Clermont in Beauvaisis.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Clermont in Beauvaisis:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 193 F i. Adelaide de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis 189 239 240 was born about 1058 in <Northamptonshire, England> and died in <England>.
+ 194 F ii. Ermentrude de Clermont 284 was born about 1066 in <Clermont, Beauvais, France>.
+ 195 M iii. Renaud II, Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis 67 285 286 was born about 1108 in Clermont, Oise, France and died about 1162 about age 54.
129. Andre I de Rameru, and d'Arcis-sur-Aube 190 (Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died in 1118.
Andre married Adele.
Research Notes: First wife of Andre I de Rameru.
Andre next married Guisemode.287
Research Notes: Second wife of Andre I de Rameru. Widow of Hugue of Pleurs. Was she the mother of Alix de Rameru?
Noted events in her life were:
• Founded: Abbey de Bassefontaine, 1143.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 196 F i. Alix de Rameru, Dame of Rameru .288
130. Ermengarde, de Nevers 131 192 (Renaud II de Nevers, Count of Nevers and Auxerre86, William I, Count of Nevers61, Adčle, of France, Countess of Auxerre41, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1073 in <Courtenay, Loiret>, France and died in 1095 in France about age 22.
Ermengarde married Milo, Sire de Courtenay,131 289 son of Jocelin de Courtenay and Isabel de Montlhéry, about 1095 in France. Milo was born about 1075 in <Courtenay, Loiret>, France, died after 1127, and was buried in Abbey of Fontain Jean, France. Other names for Milo were Miles Sire de Courtenay, Miles de Courtenay, and Milo de Courtenay.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1069
The child from this marriage was:
+ 197 M i. Renaud de Courtenay, Sire de Courtenay 131 290 was born about 1125 in <Courtenay, Loiret>, France and died about 1190 about age 65.
131. Isabel de Beaumont 195 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born between 1100 and 1107 and died after 1172. Another name for Isabel was Isabella of Meulan.
Research Notes: From thepeerage.com:
Isabella of Meulan was born between 1102 and 1107.1 She was the daughter of Robert de Meulan, 1st Earl of Leicester and Elizabeth de Vermandois.2 She married Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke, son of Gilbert fitz Richard and Adeliza de Clermont . She died after 1172.2
As a result of her marriage, Isabella of Meulan was styled as Countess of Pembroke.
-----------
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Isabel de Beaumont (b Aft. 1102), a mistress of King Henry I of England . Married two times:
Isabel married Gilbert FitzGilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke,189 247 249 son of Gilbert FitzRichard, de Clare and Adelaide de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis,. Gilbert was born about 1100 and died on 6 Jan 1148 about age 48. Another name for Gilbert was Gilbert de Clare 1st Earl of Pembroke.
Research Notes: From thepeerage.com:
Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke also went by the nick-name of Gilbert 'Strongbow'. He was also known as Gilbert FitzGilbert.2 He was created 1st Earl of Pembroke [England] circa 1138.
132. Emma de Beaumont (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1102.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Emma de Beaumont (born 1102 ) whose fate is unknown. She was betrothed as an infant to Aumari, nephew of William, Count of Evreux, but the marriage never took place. She probably died young, or entered a convent.[2]
133. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester 6 196 197 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England. Another name for Robert was Robert "Bossu" de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois -
Younger twin of Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan. Nicknamed Robert Bossu (the Humpback).
From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester :
Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester (1104 - 5 April 1168 ) was Justiciar of England 1155-1168.
The surname "de Beaumont" is given him by genealogists. The only known contemporary surname applied to him is "Robert son of Count Robert". Henry Knighton, the fourteenth-century chronicler notes him as Robert "Le Bossu" (meaning "Robert the Hunchback" in French ).
Early Life and Education
Robert was an English nobleman of Norman-French ancestry. He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and 1st Earl of Leicester and Elizabeth de Vermandois . He was the twin brother of Waleran de Beaumont . There is no knowing whether they were identical or fraternal twins, but the fact that they are remarked on by contemporaries as twins indicates that they probably were in fact identical.
The two brothers, Robert and Waleran, were adopted into the royal household shortly after their father's death in June 1118 (upon which Robert inherited his father's second titles of Earl of Leicester). Their lands on either side of the Channel were committed to a group of guardians, led by their stepfather, William earl of Warenne or Surrey . They accompanied King Henry I to Normandy , to meet with Pope Callixtus II in 1119 , when the king incited them to debate philosophy with the cardinals . Both twins were literate, and Abingdon Abbey later claimed to have been Robert's school, but though this is possible, its account is not entirely trustworthy. A surviving treatise on astronomy (British Library ms Royal E xxv) carries a dedication "to Earl Robert of Leicester, that man of affairs and profound learning, most accomplished in matters of law" who can only be this Robert. On his death he left his own psalter to the abbey he founded at Leicester, which was still in its library in the late fifteenth century. The existence of this indicates that like many noblemen of his day, Robert followed the canonical hours in his chapel.
Career at the Norman Court
In 1120 Robert was declared of age and inherited most of his father's lands in England, while his twin brother took the French lands. However in 1121 , royal favour brought Robert the great Norman honors of Breteuil and Pacy-sur-Eure , with his marriage to Amice de Montfort , daughter of a Breton intruder the king had forced on the honor after the forfeiture of the Breteuil family in 1119 . Robert spent a good deal of his time and resources over the next decade integrating the troublesome and independent barons of Breteuil into the greater complex of his estates. He did not join in his brother's great Norman rebellion against King Henry I in 1123 -. He appears fitfully at the royal court despite his brother's imprisonment until 1129 . Thereafter the twins were frequently to be found together at Henry I's court.
Robert held lands throughout the country. In the 1120s and 1130s he tried to rationalise his estates in Leicestershire. Leicestershire estates of the See of Lincoln and the Earl of Chester were seized by force. This enhanced the integrity of Robert's block of estates in the central midlands, bounded by Nuneaton , Loughborough , Melton Mowbray and Market Harborough .
In 1135 , the twins were present at King Henry's deathbed. Robert's actions in the succession period are unknown, but he clearly supported his brother's decision to join the court of the new king Stephen before Easter 1136 . During the first two years of the reign Robert is found in Normandy fighting rival claimants for his honor of Breteuil. Military action allowed him to add the castle of Pont St-Pierre to his Norman estates in June 1136 at the expense of one of his rivals. From the end of 1137 Robert and his brother were increasingly caught up in the politics of the court of King Stephen in England, where Waleran secured an ascendancy which lasted till the beginning of 1141. Robert participated in his brother's political coup against the king's justiciar, Roger of Salisbury (the Bishop of Salisbury ).
...
Family and children
He married after 1120 Amice de Montfort , daughter of Ralph, senior of Gael or Montfort . They had four children:
Hawise, who married William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester ;
Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester ;
Isabel, who married with:
Simon II of St Liz, 4th Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton ;
Gervase Paynel of Dudley.
Margaret, who married Ralph V de Toeni
Literary references
He is a minor character in The Holy Thief, one of the Brother Cadfael series by Ellis Peters .
Notes
^ a b c Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 69
References
Noted events in his life were:
• Knighted: 1122.
• Justiciar of England: 1155-1168.
Robert married Amice de Gael de Montfort,6 182 197 daughter of Ralph de Gael de Montfort and Unknown, after 1120. Amice was born about 1108 and died 31 Aug 1168 or 1169 about age 60. Other names for Amice were Amice de Gael, Amicia, and Amice de Montfort.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 198 M i. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester 6 291 292 was born about 1121 in Beaumont, France and died on 31 Aug 1190 in Durazzo, West Albania about age 69.
+ 199 F ii. Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester died on 24 Apr 1197.
+ 200 F iii. Isabel de Beaumont .
+ 201 F iv. Margaret de Beaumont .
134. Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan 73 198 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1104 in <Meulan, Île-de-France>, France, died on 10 Apr 1166 in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France at age 62, and was buried in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois
Younger twin. Twin brother was Robert de Beaumont (aka Robert Bossu).
Waleran married Agnes de Montfort,73 daughter of Amaury de Montfort and Agnes de Garlende, about 1141 in Normandy, France. Agnes was born about 1123 in <Montfort-de-Risle, Eure>, France and died on 15 Dec 1181 about age 58. Another name for Agnes was Elizabeth de Montfort.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 202 M i. Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan 73 was born about 1140 in Meulan, Normandy, France and died in Oct 1207 in Palestine about age 67.
135. Hugh de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Bedford (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1106.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois
136. Adeline de Beaumont 133 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1107.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Adeline de Beaumont (b ca 1107), married two times:
137. Aubree de Beaumont 133 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1109.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Aubree (or Alberee) de Beaumont (b ca 1109), married by her brother Waleran to Hugh II of Châteauneuf-en-Thimerais (possibly son of Hugh I of Châteauneuf-en-Thimerais and his wife Mabille de Montgomerie, 2nd daughter of Roger de Montgomerie, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury )
138. Maud de Beaumont (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1111.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Maud de Beaumont (b ca 1111), married by her brother Waleran to William Lovel, or Louvel or Lupel, son of Ascelin Goel, Lord of Ivri.
139. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester 6 196 197 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England. Another name for Robert was Robert "Bossu" de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois -
Younger twin of Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan. Nicknamed Robert Bossu (the Humpback).
From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester :
Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester (1104 - 5 April 1168 ) was Justiciar of England 1155-1168.
The surname "de Beaumont" is given him by genealogists. The only known contemporary surname applied to him is "Robert son of Count Robert". Henry Knighton, the fourteenth-century chronicler notes him as Robert "Le Bossu" (meaning "Robert the Hunchback" in French ).
Early Life and Education
Robert was an English nobleman of Norman-French ancestry. He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and 1st Earl of Leicester and Elizabeth de Vermandois . He was the twin brother of Waleran de Beaumont . There is no knowing whether they were identical or fraternal twins, but the fact that they are remarked on by contemporaries as twins indicates that they probably were in fact identical.
The two brothers, Robert and Waleran, were adopted into the royal household shortly after their father's death in June 1118 (upon which Robert inherited his father's second titles of Earl of Leicester). Their lands on either side of the Channel were committed to a group of guardians, led by their stepfather, William earl of Warenne or Surrey . They accompanied King Henry I to Normandy , to meet with Pope Callixtus II in 1119 , when the king incited them to debate philosophy with the cardinals . Both twins were literate, and Abingdon Abbey later claimed to have been Robert's school, but though this is possible, its account is not entirely trustworthy. A surviving treatise on astronomy (British Library ms Royal E xxv) carries a dedication "to Earl Robert of Leicester, that man of affairs and profound learning, most accomplished in matters of law" who can only be this Robert. On his death he left his own psalter to the abbey he founded at Leicester, which was still in its library in the late fifteenth century. The existence of this indicates that like many noblemen of his day, Robert followed the canonical hours in his chapel.
Career at the Norman Court
In 1120 Robert was declared of age and inherited most of his father's lands in England, while his twin brother took the French lands. However in 1121 , royal favour brought Robert the great Norman honors of Breteuil and Pacy-sur-Eure , with his marriage to Amice de Montfort , daughter of a Breton intruder the king had forced on the honor after the forfeiture of the Breteuil family in 1119 . Robert spent a good deal of his time and resources over the next decade integrating the troublesome and independent barons of Breteuil into the greater complex of his estates. He did not join in his brother's great Norman rebellion against King Henry I in 1123 -. He appears fitfully at the royal court despite his brother's imprisonment until 1129 . Thereafter the twins were frequently to be found together at Henry I's court.
Robert held lands throughout the country. In the 1120s and 1130s he tried to rationalise his estates in Leicestershire. Leicestershire estates of the See of Lincoln and the Earl of Chester were seized by force. This enhanced the integrity of Robert's block of estates in the central midlands, bounded by Nuneaton , Loughborough , Melton Mowbray and Market Harborough .
In 1135 , the twins were present at King Henry's deathbed. Robert's actions in the succession period are unknown, but he clearly supported his brother's decision to join the court of the new king Stephen before Easter 1136 . During the first two years of the reign Robert is found in Normandy fighting rival claimants for his honor of Breteuil. Military action allowed him to add the castle of Pont St-Pierre to his Norman estates in June 1136 at the expense of one of his rivals. From the end of 1137 Robert and his brother were increasingly caught up in the politics of the court of King Stephen in England, where Waleran secured an ascendancy which lasted till the beginning of 1141. Robert participated in his brother's political coup against the king's justiciar, Roger of Salisbury (the Bishop of Salisbury ).
...
Family and children
He married after 1120 Amice de Montfort , daughter of Ralph, senior of Gael or Montfort . They had four children:
Hawise, who married William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester ;
Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester ;
Isabel, who married with:
Simon II of St Liz, 4th Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton ;
Gervase Paynel of Dudley.
Margaret, who married Ralph V de Toeni
Literary references
He is a minor character in The Holy Thief, one of the Brother Cadfael series by Ellis Peters .
Notes
^ a b c Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 69
References
Noted events in his life were:
• Knighted: 1122.
• Justiciar of England: 1155-1168.
Robert married Amice de Gael de Montfort,6 182 197 daughter of Ralph de Gael de Montfort and Unknown, after 1120. Amice was born about 1108 and died 31 Aug 1168 or 1169 about age 60. Other names for Amice were Amice de Gael, Amicia, and Amice de Montfort.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 133)
140. Gundred de Warenne 201 202 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1117 in Warwick, Warwickshire, England, died after 1166 in Warwickshire, England, and was buried in Kelso, Roxburgh, Scotland. Another name for Gundred was Gundrada de Warenne.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey:
Gundrada de Warenne , who married first Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick , and second William, lord of Kendal , and is most remembered for expelling king Stephen 's garrison from Warwick Castle ;
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1166.
Gundred married Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick,293 294 son of Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick and Margaret de Perche, before 1130. Roger was born about 1102 and died on 12 Jun 1153 about age 51.
Research Notes: Elder son of Henry de Beaumont.
From Wikipedia - Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick :
Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick (1102 - 12 June 1153 ), was the elder son of Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick and Marguerite, daughter of Geoffrey II of Perche and Beatrix of Montdidier . He was also known as Roger de Newburg.
He was generally considered to have been a devout and pious man; a chronicle of the period, the Gesta Regis Stephani , speaks of him as a "man of gentle disposition". The borough of Warwick remembers him as the founder of the Hospital of S. Michael for lepers which he endowed with the tithes of Wedgnock , and other property; he also endowed the House of the Templars beyond the bridge. In the reign of Stephen he founded a priory dedicated to S. Kenned at Llangennilth, Co. Glamorgan and he attached it as a cell to the Abbey of S. Taurinus at Evreux in Normandy .
Family and children
He married 1130 Gundred de Warenne, daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey and Elizabeth de Vermandois and had children:
William de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Warwick .
Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick (1153 - 12 December 1204).
Henry de Beaumont, was Dean of Salisbury in 1205.
Agnes de Beaumont, married Geoffrey de Clinton, Chamberlain to the King and son of Geoffrey de Clinton , the founder of Kenilworth Castle and Priory.
Margaret de Beaumont.
Gundred de Beaumont (c.1135-1200), married:
Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk ;
Roger de Glanville.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crusader:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 203 M i. Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick 295 296 was born before 1153 and died on 24 Dec 1204.
Gundred next married William I de Lancaster, 5th Baron of Kendal of Workington,202 297 son of Gilbert de Lancaster and Godith, after 1153. William was born about 1100 in <Kendal, Westmoreland, England> and died in 1170 about age 70. Another name for William was William de Lancaster.
Research Notes: Name of his first wife is unknown. His second wife was Gundred de Warenne, widow of Roger de Beaumont.
Noted events in his life were:
• Castellan: of William Fitz Duncan's castle of Egremont, 1138.
• Governor: of Castle of Lancaster.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 204 F i. Avice de Lancaster 202 298 was born about 1155 in Cumberland, England and died on 1 Jan 1191 about age 36.
141. William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne 203 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1118 and died in 1148 at age 30.
Research Notes: First husband of Ela (Talvas).
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
In her second marriage, to William de Warenne, Elizabeth had three sons and two daughters (for a total of fourteen children - nine during her first marriage, and five during her second):
William married Ela Talvas, of Alençon and Ponthieu,131 299 300 daughter of William III Talvas, Count of Alençon & Ponthieu and Hélie, of Burgundy,. Ela was born about 1124 in <Alençon, Normandy>, France, died on 10 Oct 1174 in Bradenstoke Priory, Bradenstoke, Wiltshire, England about age 50, and was buried on 4 Dec 1174. Other names for Ela were Adela Talvaise and Ida Talvaise.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 205 F i. Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey 301 died on 13 Jul 1199.
142. Ada de Warenne 133 200 204 (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died about 1178. Another name for Ada was Adeline de Warren.
Research Notes: Widow of Conale Petit, Earl of Brittany and Richmond. Sister of William the Lion, King of Scots.
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Ada de Warenne (d. ca. 1178 ), who married Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon , younger son of King David I of Scotland , Earl of Huntingdon by his marriage to the heiress Matilda or Maud, 2nd Countess of Huntingdon (herself great-niece of William I of England ) and had issue. They were parents to Malcolm IV of Scotland and William I of Scotland and their youngest son became David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon . All Kings of Scotland since 1292 were the descendants of Huntingdon.
Ada married Henry, of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon,200 302 son of David I "The Saint", King of Scots and Maud, of Huntingdon, in 1139. Henry was born in 1114 and died on 12 Jun 1152 at age 38. Another name for Henry was Henry Prince of Scotland.
Research Notes: Eldest son of David I, King of Scots.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 170-23
The child from this marriage was:
+ 206 F i. Margaret, of Huntingdon 303 died in 1201.
143. Reginald de Warenne (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Reginald de Warenne, who inherited his father's property in upper Normandy. He married Adeline, daughter of William, lord of Wormgay in Norfolk, by whom he had a son William, whose daughter and sole heir Beatrice married first Dodo, lord Bardolf, and secondly Hubert de Burgh;
144. Ralph de Warenne (Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois
145. Thierry I, of Lorraine, Count of Flanders 207 208 (Gertrude, of Flanders96, Robert I, Count of Flanders66, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1099 and died on 17 Jan 1168 about age 69. Other names for Thierry were Dietrich I of Lorraine, Count of Alsace, Thierry of Alsace, and Thierry Count of Flanders.
Research Notes: Youngest son of Thierry II, Duke of Lorraine.
From Wikipedia - Thierry, Count of Flanders :
Thierry of Alsace (Dietrich) (c. 1099 - January 17 , 1168 ), in Flanders known as Diederik van den Elzas, was count of Flanders from 1128 to 1168. He was the youngest son of Duke Thierry II of Lorraine and Gertrude of Flanders (daughter of Robert I of Flanders ). With a record of four campaigns in the Levant and Africa (including participation in the Second Crusade , the failed 1157-1158 siege of the Syrian city Shaizar , and the 1164 invasion of Egypt ), he had a rare and distinguished record of commitment to crusading.
Life
After the murder of his cousin Charles the Good in 1127, Thierry claimed the county of Flanders as grandson of Robert I, but William Clito became count instead with the support of King Louis VI of France . William's politics and attitude towards the autonomy of Flanders made him unpopular, and by the end of the year Bruges , Ghent , Lille , and Saint-Omer recognized Thierry as a rival count. Thierry's supporters came from the Imperial faction of Flanders, and upon his arrival he engaged in battle against William.
Louis VI had Raymond of Martigné , the Archbishop of Reims , excommunicate him, and Louis himself then besieged Lille, but was forced to retire when Henry I of England , William's uncle, transferred his support to Thierry. However, Thierry was defeated at Tielt and Oostkamp and fled to Brugge. He was forced to flee Brugge as well, and went to Aalst , where he was soon under siege from William, Godfrey I of Leuven , and Louis VI. The city was about to be captured when William was found dead on July 27 , 1128 , leaving Thierry as the only claimant to the county.
Thierry set up his government in Ghent and was recognized by all the Flemish cities as well as King Henry, who had his Flemish lords in England swear fealty to him. Thierry himself swore homage to Louis VI after 1132, in order to gain the French king's support against Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut , who had advanced his own claim on Flanders.
In 1132 his wife, Suanhilde, died, leaving only a daughter. In 1139 then went on pilgrimage to the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem , and married Sibylla of Anjou , daughter of King Fulk of Jerusalem and widow of William Clito; a very prestigious marriage.
This was the first of Thierry's four pilgrimages to the Holy Land . While there he also led a victorious expedition against Caesarea Phillippi , and fought alongside his father-in-law in an invasion of Gilead . He soon returned to Flanders to put down a revolt in the Duchy of Lower Lotharingia , ruled at the time by Godfrey III of Leuven .
Thierry went on crusade a second time in 1147 during the Second Crusade . He led the crossing of the Maeander River in Anatolia and fought at the Battla of Attalya in 1148, and after arriving in the crusader Kingdom he participated in the Council of Acre , where the ill-fated decision to attack Damascus was made.
He participated in the Siege of Damascus , led by his wife's half-brother Baldwin III of Jerusalem , and with the support of Baldwin, Louis VII of France , and Conrad III of Germany , he lay claim to Damascus; the native crusader barons preferred one of their own nobles, Guy Brisebarre, lord of Beirut , but in any case the siege was a failure and all parties returned home.
During his absence, Baldwin IV of Hainaut invaded Flanders and pillaged Artois ; Sibylla reacted strongly and had Hainaut pillaged in response. The Archbishop of Reims intervened and a treaty was signed. When Thierry returned in 1150, he took vengeance on Baldwin IV at Bouchain , with the aid of Henry I, Count of Namur and Henry II of Leez , Bishop of Ličge . In the subsequent peace negotiations, Thierry gave his daughter Marguerite in marriage to Baldwin IV's son, the future Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut .
In 1156 Thierry had his eldest son married to Elizabeth of Vermandois , daughter and heiress of Raoul I of Vermandois . In 1156 he returned to the Holy Land, this time with his wife accompanying him. He participated in Baldwin III's siege of Shaizar , but the fortress remained in Muslim hands when a dispute arose between Thierry and Raynald of Chatillon over who would possess it should it be captured. He returned to Flanders 1159 without Sibylla, who remained behind to become a nun at the convent of St. Lazarus in Bethany . Their son Philip had ruled the county in their absence, and he remained co-count after Thierry's return.
In 1164 Thierry returned once more to the Holy Land. He accompanied King Amalric I , another half-brother of Sibylla, to Antioch and Tripoli . He returned home in 1166, and adopted a date palm as his seal, with a crown of laurels on the reverse.
He died on February 4, 1168, and was buried in the Abbey of Watten , between Saint-Omer and Gravelines . His rule had been moderate and peaceful; the highly developed administration of the county in later centuries first began during these years. There had also been great economic and agricultural development, and new commercial enterprises were established; Flanders' greatest territorial expansion occurred under Thierry.
Family
His first wife, Suanhilde, died in 1132, leaving only one daughter:
Laurette of Flanders , who married four times: Iwain, Count of Aalst ; Henry II, Duke of Limburg ; Raoul I of Vermandois , Count of Vermandois ; Henry IV of Luxembourg . Laurette finally retired to a nunnery, where she died in 1170.
Thierry secondly married Sibylla of Anjou , daughter of Fulk V of Anjou and Ermengarde of Maine , and widow of William Clito . Their children were:
Philip of Flanders (died 1191)
Matthew of Alsace (died 1173), married Countess Marie of Boulogne
Margaret I of Flanders (died 1194), married Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut
Gertrude of Flanders (died 1186), married Humbert III of Savoy
Matilda of Flanders, abbess of Fontevrault
Peter of Flanders (died 1176), Bishop of Cambrai
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Flanders: 1128-1168.
Thierry married Sybil, of Anjou,304 305 daughter of Fulk V "the Young", Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem and Erembourg, Countess of Maine, in 1131. Sybil was born about 1112 in <Anjou, France> and died in 1165 about age 53. Another name for Sybil was Sibylla of Anjou.
Research Notes: Second wife of Thierry I of Lorraine (also known as Dietrich I, Count of Alsace).
From Wikipedia - Sibylla of Anjou :
Sibylla of Anjou (c. 1112-1165) was a daughter of Fulk V of Anjou and Ermengarde of Maine , and wife of William Clito and Thierry, Count of Flanders .
In 1123 Sibylla married William Clito, son of the Norman Robert Curthose and future Count of Flanders . Sibylla brought the County of Maine to this marriage, which was annulled in 1124 on grounds of consanguinity . The annulment was made by Pope Honorius II upon request from Henry I of England , William's uncle; Fulk opposed it and did not consent until Honorius excommunicated him and placed an interdict over Anjou . Sibylla then accompanied her widower father to the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem , where he married Melisende , the heiress of the kingdom, and became king himself in 1131. In 1139 she married Thierry, Count of Flanders , who had arrived on his first pilgrimage to the Holy Land.
She returned to Flanders with her new husband, and during his absence on the Second Crusade the pregnant Sibylla acted as regent of the county. Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut took the opportunity to attack Flanders, but Sibylla led a counter-attack and pillaged Hainaut . In response Baldwin ravaged Artois . The archbishop of Reims intervened and a truce was signed, but Thierry took vengeance on Baldwin when he returned in 1149.
In 1157 she travelled with Thierry on his third pilgrimage, but after arriving in Jerusalem she separated from her husband and refused to return home with him. She became a nun at the convent of St. Lazarus in Bethany , where her step-aunt, Ioveta of Bethany , was abbess. Ioveta and Sibylla supported Queen Melisende and held some influence over the church, and supported the election of Amalric of Nesle as Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem over a number of other candidates. Sibylla died in Bethany in 1165.
With Thierry she had six children:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 207 M i. Matthew, of Alsace, Count of Boulogne .306
+ 208 F ii. Margarite, of Lorraine 307 was born between 1140 and 1145 and died on 17 Dec 1195.
+ 209 F iii. Margaret I, of Flanders 308 died on 15 Nov 1194.
146. Stephen, of Blois, King of England 211 212 (Adela, of Normandy97, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1096 in Blois, Loire-et-Cher, France, died on 25 Oct 1154 in Dover Priory, Dover, England about age 58, and was buried in Faversham Abbey. Another name for Stephen was Stephen of England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Stephen of England :
Stephen often known as Stephen of Blois (c. 1096 - 25 October 1154) was a grandson of William the Conqueror . He was the last Norman King of England , from 1135 to his death, and also the Count of Boulogne jure uxoris . His reign was marked by civil war with his rival the Empress Matilda and general chaos, known as The Anarchy . He was succeeded by Matilda's son, Henry II , the first of the Angevin or Plantagenet kings.
Early life
Stephen was born at Blois in France, son of Stephen , Count of Blois , and Adela of England, (daughter of William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders ). One of ten children, his surviving brothers were Count Theobald II of Champagne , Henry of Blois , Bishop of Winchester , and William of Sully . He also had four sisters, including Eléonore of Blois .
Stephen was sent to be raised at the English court of his uncle, King Henry I , in 1106. He became Count of Mortain in about 1115, and married Matilda , daughter of the Count of Boulogne , in about 1125, who became Countess of Boulogne. Their marriage was a happy one and his wife was an important supporter during the struggle for the English crown. Stephen became joint ruler of Boulogne in 1128.
Reign
King of England
There were several principal contenders for the succession to Henry I . The least popular was the Empress Matilda , Henry I's only legitimate surviving child, not simply because she was a woman, but because her husband Geoffrey, Count of Anjou was an enemy of the Normans . The other contenders were Robert, Earl of Gloucester , illegitimate son of Henry I, Stephen, and Stephen's older brother, Theobald, Count of Blois . However, Theobald did not want the kingdom, at least not enough to fight for it.[1] Before his death in 1135, Henry I named his daughter Matilda his heir and made the barons of England swear allegiance to her. Stephen was the first baron to do so. However, upon King Henry's death, Stephen claimed the throne, saying Henry had changed his mind on his deathbed and named Stephen as his heir. Once crowned, Stephen gained the support of the majority of the barons as well as Pope Innocent II and the first few years of his reign were peaceful, notwithstanding insurgences by the Welsh, King David I of Scotland , and Baldwin de Redvers.
The Anarchy: War with Matilda
By 1139, Stephen had lost much support and the country sank into a civil war , commonly called The Anarchy . Stephen faced the forces of Empress Matilda at several locations including the Battle of Beverston Castle and the Battle of Lincoln . Bad omens haunted him before the Battle of Lincoln where Stephen faced Matilda's illegitimate brother Robert and Ranulph, Earl of Chester . According to chroniclers, Stephen fought bravely but was captured by a knight named William de Cahaignes (a relative of Ranulph, ancestor of the Keynes family ). Stephen was defeated and brought before his cousin Matilda. He was imprisoned at Bristol .
Stephen's wife rallied support amongst the people from London and the barons. Matilda was, in turn, forced out of London. With the capture of her most able lieutenant, her half-brother the Earl of Gloucester, she was obliged to trade Stephen for him, and Stephen was restored to the throne in November the same year.
In December 1142, the Empress was besieged at Oxford , but managed to escape, dressed in white, across the snow to Wallingford Castle , held by her supporter Brien FitzCount .
In 1147, Empress Matilda's teenage son, the future King Henry II of England , decided to assist in the war effort by raising a small army of mercenaries and invading England. Rumours of this army's size terrified Stephen's retainers, although in truth the force was very small. Having been defeated twice in battle, and with no money to pay his mercenaries, young Henry appealed to his uncle Robert for aid but was turned away. Desperately, and in secret, the boy asked Stephen for help. According to the Gesta Stephani , "On receiving the message, the king...hearkened to the young man..." and bestowed upon him money and other support.
Reconciliation and death
Stephen maintained his precarious hold on the throne for the remainder of his lifetime. However, after a military standoff at Wallingford with Henry, and following the death of his son and heir, Eustace , in 1153, he was persuaded to reach a compromise with Matilda (known as the Treaty of Wallingford or Winchester), whereby Stephen's son William of Blois would be passed over for the English throne, and instead Matilda's son Henry would succeed Stephen.
Stephen died in Dover , at Dover Priory , and was buried in Faversham Abbey , which he had founded with Countess Matilda in 1148.
Besides Eustace, Stephen and Queen Matilda had two other sons, Baldwin (d. before 1135), and William of Blois (Count of Mortain and Boulogne, and Earl of Surrey or Warenne). They also had two daughters, Matilda and Marie of Boulogne . In addition to these children, Stephen fathered at least three illegitimate children , one of whom, Gervase, became Abbot of Westminster .
English royal descendants
Philippa of Hainault , the wife of Edward III , was a descendant of Stephen, and he was thus ancestor of all subsequent kings of England.[3]
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Mortain: 1115-1154.
• King of England: 1135-1154.
Stephen married Matilda, of Boulogne,309 310 daughter of Eustace III, Count of Boulogne and Lens and Mary, of Scotland, about 1119. Matilda was born about 1105 in Boulogne, France, died on 3 Jul 1151 in Hedingham Castle about age 46, and was buried in Faversham Abbey. Other names for Matilda were Matilda I of Boulogne and Maud of Boulogne.
Death Notes: Wikipedia has d. 3 May 1152.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Matilda of Boulogne :
Matilda I or Maud (1105? - 3 May, 1152), was suo jure Countess of Boulogne . She was also wife of King Stephen of England and Queen of England .
History
She was born in Boulogne , France , the daughter of Eustace III, Count of Boulogne and his wife Mary of Scotland, daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret of Scotland . Matilda was first cousin of her husband's rival, Empress Matilda . Through her maternal grandmother, Matilda was descended from the pre-Conquest English kings.
In 1125, Matilda married Stephen of Blois , Count of Mortain, who possessed a large honour in England. When Matilda's father abdicated and retired to a monastery the same year, this was joined with Boulogne and the similarly large English honour Matilda inherited. On Eustace III's death, Matilda and her husband became joint rulers of Boulogne. Two children, a son and a daughter, were born to the Countess and Count of Boulogne during the reign of King Henry I , who had granted Stephen and Matilda a residence in London. [1] The son was named Baldwin, after Matilda's uncle, King Baldwin I of Jerusalem . [2] The daughter was named Matilda. Baldwin died in early childhood and the young Matilda is thought to have died during childhood too, although some scholars state that she lived long enough to be espoused to the count of Milan. [3]
On the death of Henry I of England in 1135, Stephen rushed to England, taking advantage of Boulogne's control of the closest seaports, and was crowned king, beating his rival, the Empress Matilda . Matilda was heavily pregnant at that time and crossed the Channel after gaving birth to a son, Eustace , who would one day succeed her as Count of Boulogne. Matilda was crowned queen at Easter - March 22, 1136. [4]
In the civil war that followed, known as the Anarchy , Matilda proved to be her husband's strongest supporter. After he was captured at the Battle of Lincoln she rallied the king's partisans, and raised an army with the help of William of Ypres . Empress Matilda was besieging Stephen's brother Henry of Blois , but she, in turn, besieged the Empress, driving her away and capturing the Empress's brother, Robert of Gloucester .
Around 1125, her father died and she succeeded as Countess of Boulogne. She ruled this area jointly with her husband until 1150, when she reigned alone until 1151, when the County was given to her eldest son Eustace, then her surviving son William inherited it, and then her daughter Marie.
Matilda died of a fever at Hedingham Castle , Essex , England and is buried at Faversham Abbey , which was founded by her and her husband. [5]
Issue
Stephen and Matilda had three sons:
They also had two daughters:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 210 F i. Marie, of Blois, Countess of Boulogne 311 was born in 1136 and died in 1182 at age 46.
147. Lithuaise 213 (Adela, of Normandy97, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Sister of Stephen of Blois, King of England.
Lithuaise married Milon I "le Grand", Seigneur Montlhéry and de Bray.213
The child from this marriage was:
+ 211 F i. Isabel de Montlhéry, Viscomtessa de Troyes .213
148. EmpressMatilda, Countess of Anjou 214 215 (Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 7 Feb 1102 and died on 10 Sep 1167 about age 65. Other names for Matilda were Mathilda of England, Empress Maud Countess of Anjou, and Maude of England.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots Line 1-23 has b. abt. 1102-1104; Line 118-25 has b. 1104.
Some other source has b. Feb 1101
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Empress Matilda :
Empress Matilda, also known as Matilda of England or Maude (c. 7 February 1102 - 10 September 1167) was the daughter and heir of King Henry I of England . Matilda and her younger brother, William Adelin , were the only legitimate children of King Henry. Her brother died young in the White ship disaster , leaving Matilda as the last heir from the paternal line of her grandfather William the Conqueror .
As a child, Matilda was betrothed and later married to Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor . From her marriage to Henry, she acquired the title Empress. The couple had no known children. When widowed, she was married to the much younger Geoffrey of Anjou , by whom she became the mother of three sons, the eldest of whom became King Henry II of England .
Matilda was the first female ruler of the Kingdom of England . However the length of her effective rule was quite brief - a few months in 1141 - and she was never crowned and failed to consolidate her rule (legally and politically). Because of this she is normally excluded from lists of English monarchs, and her rival (and cousin) Stephen of Blois is routinely listed as monarch for the period 1135-1154. Their warring rivalry for the throne led to years of unrest and civil war in England that have been called The Anarchy . She did secure her inheritance of the Duchy of Normandy - through the military feats of her husband Geoffrey - and she campaigned unstintingly for her oldest son's inheritance, living to see him ascend the throne in 1154.
(In Latin texts Matilda was sometimes called Maude . This is a modernised spelling of the Norman-French form of her name, Mahaut.)
Early life
Matilda was the firstborn of two children to Henry I of England and his wife Matilda of Scotland (also known as Edith). Her maternal grandparents were Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret of Scotland . Margaret was daughter of Edward the Exile and granddaughter of Edmund II of England . (Most historians believe Matilda was born at Winchester , but one, John Fletcher (1990), argues for the possibility of the royal palace at Sutton Courtenay in Oxfordshire .)
First marriage: Holy Roman Empress
When she was seven years old, Matilda was betrothed to Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor ; at nine, she was sent to the Holy Roman Empire (Germany) to begin training for the life of Empress consort . The royal couple were married at Worms on January 7, 1114, and Matilda accompanied her husband on tours to Rome and Tuscany . After time, the young wife of the Emperor acted as regent , mainly in Italy, in his absence[1]. Emperor Henry died in 1125. The imperial couple had no surviving offspring, but Herman of Tournai states that Matilda bore a son who lived only a short while.
Despite being popularly known by the title "Empress " from her first marriage, Matilda's right to the title was dubious. She was never crowned Holy Roman Empress by a legitimate Pope - which ceremony was normally required to achieve the title; indeed, in later years she encouraged chroniclers to believe she had been crowned by the Pope. Contemporary, she was called German Queen by her husband's bishops, while her formal title was recorded as "Queen of the Romans". Still, "Empress" was arguably an appropriate courtesy title for the wife of an Emperor who had been crowned by the Pope.
In 1120 her brother William Adelin was drowned in the disastrous wreck of the White Ship , which left Matilda as the only legitimate child of her father King Henry . Like Matilda, her cousin Stephen of Blois was a grandchild of William (the Conqueror) of Normandy ; but her paternal line made her senior in right of succession to his maternal line.
Second marriage: Countess of Anjou
Matilda returned to England a young widow, age 23, and dowager "Empress" - a status of considerable pride to her. There Henry named her his heir to both the English throne and his Duchy of Normandy . Henry saw to it that the Anglo-Norman barons (including Stephen of Blois ) were sworn (several times) to accept Matilda as ruler if Henry died without a male heir.
Henry then arranged a second marriage for Matilda; as he aimed to achieve peace between the fractious barons of Normandy and Anjou. On 17 June 1128, Matilda, aged 26, was married to Geoffrey of Anjou , aged 15, who also was Count of Maine and heir apparent to (his father) the Count of Anjou - which title he soon acquired, and by which Matilda became Countess of Anjou. It was a title she rarely used. Geoffrey called himself "Plantagenet " from the broom flower (planta genista) he adopted as his personal emblem. So Plantagenet became the dynastic name of that powerful line of English kings who descended from Matilda and Geoffrey.
Matilda's marriage with Geoffrey was troubled; there were frequent long separations, but they had three sons and she survived him. The eldest son, Henry , was born on 5 March 1133. In 1134, she nearly died in childbirth, following the birth of her second son, Geoffrey, Count of Nantes . A third son, William X, Count of Poitou , was born in 1136.
When her father died in Normandy, on 1 December 1135, Matilda was with her husband, in Anjou ; and, crucially, too far away from events rapidly unfolding in England and Normandy. Stephen of Blois rushed to England upon learning of Henry's death; in London he moved quickly to grasp the crown of England from its appointed heir.
But Matilda was game to contest Stephen in both realms; she and her husband Geoffrey entered Normandy and began military campaigns to claim her inheritance. Progress was uneven at first, but she persevered; even so, it was not until 1139 that Matilda felt secure enough in Normandy to turn her attentions to invading England and fighting Stephen directly.
In Normandy, Geoffrey secured all fiefdoms west and south of the Seine by 1143; in January 1144, he crossed the Seine and took Rouen without resistance. He assumed the title Duke of Normandy , and Matilda became Duchess of Normandy. Geoffrey and Matilda held the duchy conjointly until 1149, then ceded it to their son, Henry, which event was soon ratified by King Louis VII of France .
Struggle for throne of England
On the death of her father, Henry I, in 1135, Matilda expected to succeed to the throne of England , but her cousin, Stephen of Blois , a nephew of Henry I, usurped the throne with the support of most of the barons, breaking the oath he had previously made to defend her rights. The civil war which followed was bitter and prolonged, with neither side gaining the ascendancy for long, but it was not until 1139 that Matilda could command the military strength necessary to challenge Stephen within his own realm. Stephen's wife, the Countess of Boulogne who was also named Matilda , was the Empress's maternal cousin. During the war, Matilda's most loyal and capable supporter was her illegitimate half-brother, Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester .
Matilda's greatest triumph came in April 1141, when her forces defeated and captured King Stephen at the Battle of Lincoln . He was made a prisoner and effectively deposed.
Her advantage lasted only a few months. When she marched on London , the city was ready to welcome her and support her coronation . She used the title of Lady of the English and planned to assume the title of queen upon coronation (the custom which was followed by her grandsons, Richard and John ).[2] However, she refused the citizens' request to have their taxes halved and, because of her own arrogance [2], she found the gates of London shut and the civil war reignited on 24 June 1141. By November, Stephen was free, having been exchanged for the captured Robert of Gloucester, and a year later, the tables were turned when Matilda was besieged at Oxford but escaped to Wallingford , supposedly by fleeing across the snow-covered land in a white cape. In 1141 she had escaped Devizes in a similarly clever manner, by disguising herself as a corpse and being carried out for burial. In 1148, Matilda and Henry returned to Normandy , following the death of Robert of Gloucester, and the reconquest of that county by her husband. Upon their arrival, Geoffrey turned Normandy over to his son, and retired to his own county of Anjou .
Later life
Matilda's first son, Henry , was showing signs of becoming a successful leader. Although the civil war had been decided in Stephen's favour, his reign was troubled. In 1153, the death of his son Eustace, combined with the arrival of a military expedition led by Henry, led him to acknowledge the latter as his heir by the Treaty of Wallingford .
Matilda retired to Rouen in Normandy during her last years, where she maintained her own court and presided over the government of the duchy in the absence of Henry. She intervened in the quarrels between her eldest son Henry and her second son Geoffrey, but peace between the brothers was brief. Geoffrey rebelled against Henry twice before his sudden death in 1158. Relations between Henry and his youngest brother, William X, Count of Poitou , were more cordial, and William was given vast estates in England. Archbishop Thomas Becket refused to allow William to marry the Countess of Surrey and the young man fled to Matilda's court at Rouen. William, who was his mother's favourite child, died there in January 1164, reportedly of disappointment and sorrow. She attempted to mediate in the quarrel between her son Henry and Becket, but was unsuccessful.
Although she gave up hope of being crowned in 1141, her name always preceded that of her son Henry, even after he became king. Matilda died at Notre Dame du Pré near Rouen and was buried in the Abbey church of Bec-Hellouin, Normandy. Her body was transferred to the Rouen Cathedral in 1847; her epitaph reads: "Great by Birth, Greater by Marriage, Greatest in her Offspring: Here lies Matilda, the daughter, wife, and mother of Henry."
Matilda married Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, son of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor and Bertha, of Savoy, on 7 Jan 1114 in Worms, (Rhine-Palatinate, Germany). Henry was born on 8 Jan 1086 and died on 23 May 1125 at age 39.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Bertha of Savoy
Matilda next married Geoffrey V Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy,312 313 314 son of Fulk V "the Young", Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem and Erembourg, Countess of Maine, on 22 May 1128 in Le Mans, France. Geoffrey was born on 24 Aug 1113 in Anjou, France, died on 7 Sep 1151 at age 38, and was buried in Le Mans, France. Other names for Geoffrey were Geoffrey V Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy and Geoffrey 'the Fair' Plantagenet Count of Anjou.
Marriage Notes: Marriage date may have been 3 April 1127 (Ancestral Roots Line 1-23). Line 118-25 (Geoffrey V) has m. 22 May 1127.
Research Notes: Second husband of Matilda.
From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871913 :
'The Fair' Count of Anjou (1129-1151); founder of the Plantagenet dynasty. Geoffey's nickname derived from his physical appearance - he was said to be tall, handsome, graceful and strong. He was also known as Geoffrey Plantagenet, appearantly from the sprig of broom (genet) he wore in his hat. In 1127, aged 14, he was married to Matilda, daughter and heiress of Henry I of England and the widow of the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V. They disliked each other, but maintained an uneasy political alliance and produces three sons, Henry (the future Henry II of England), Geoffrey and William. An illegitimate son, Hamelin became the Duke of Salisbury. Geoffrey spent much of his youth imposing order on his unruly vassals, including his own brother Helias II, Count of Maine, who rebelled against him in 1131; Geoffrey captured Helias and held him prisoner in Tours, Helias died soon after his release from a disease contracted in prison. In 1135 Henry I of England died, and Matilda's cousin Stephen of Blois (RIN # 1643) seized the English throne, together with Normandy, traditionally coveted by the counts of Anjou. Geoffrey laid claim to the duchy in his wife's right. Between 1135-1138 Geoffrey launched four expeditions into Normandy, none of which achieved great success. The expedition in 1137 was striken by dysentery, and forced to return swiftly to Anjou. In 1139 Matilda invaded England, seeking to press her claim to the English throne, and Geoffrey remained in Anjou to continue the war against Normandy. The Morman barons opposed Geoffrey, not through loyalty to Stephen, who had only visited Normandy once, but out of hatred of their traditional enemy, Anjou. However, Norman morale was weakened when Matilda captured Stephen at Lincoln in 1141, and many castles surrendered to Geoffrey, leaving him in control of most of the lands between Bayeux and the Seine. In 1142 he took the Avranchin and Mortain, and in 1143 moved east of the Seine, overunning the Cotentin. He was invested as Duke of Normandy in 144 after the fall of Rouen, and Arques, the last castle opposing him, capitulated in 1145, leaving him unchallenged master of Normandy. After the conquest of Normandy, Geoffrey joined Louis VII of France in the abortive Second Crusade (1147-9), returning in 1149. In 1150 he ceded Normandy to his son Henry, who also inhereted the family claim to the English throne. Geoffrey died in 1151, and was buried in Le Mans Cathedral; founder of a great dynasty of kings through his son, Henry II of England. For more on the Second Crusade, see RIN # 1618.
!The Plantagenet Chronicles: 38-63,80,102,140,154
----
From Wikipedia - Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou :
Geoffrey (24 August 1113 - 7 September 1151), called the Handsome (French : le Bel) and Plantagenet, was the Count of Anjou , Touraine , and Maine by inheritance from 1129 and then Duke of Normandy by conquest from 1144. By his marriage to the Empress Matilda , daughter and heiress of Henry I of England , Geoffrey had a son, Henry Curtmantle , who succeeded to the English throne and founded the Plantagenet dynasty to which Geoffrey gave his nickname.
Biography
Geoffrey was the elder son of Fulk V of Anjou and Eremburga of La Flčche , heiress of Elias I of Maine . Geoffrey received his nickname for the yellow sprig of broom blossom (genęt is the French name for the genista, or broom shrub) he wore in his hat as a badge. King Henry I of England, having heard good reports on Geoffrey's talents and prowess, sent his royal legates to Anjou to negotiate a marriage between Geoffrey and his own daughter, Matilda. Consent was obtained from both parties, and on 10 June 1128 the fifteen-year-old Geoffrey was knighted in Rouen by King Henry in preparation for the wedding. Interestingly, there was no opposition to the marriage from the Church, despite the fact that Geoffrey's sister was the widow of Matilda's brother (only son of King Henry) which fact had been used to annul the marriage of another of Geoffrey's sisters to the Norman pretender William Clito .
On 17 June 1128 Geoffrey married Empress Matilda, the daughter and heiress of King Henry I of England by his first wife Edith of Scotland , and widow of Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor . The marriage was meant to seal a peace between England/Normandy and Anjou. She was eleven years older than Geoffrey, very proud of her status as an Empress (as opposed to being a mere Countess). Their marriage was a stormy one with frequent long separations, but she bore him three sons and survived him.
The year after the marriage Geoffrey's father left for Jerusalem (where he was to become king ), leaving Geoffrey behind as count of Anjou. John of Marmoutier describes Geoffrey as handsome, red-headed, jovial, and a great warrior; however, Ralph of Diceto alleges that his charm concealed his cold and selfish character.
When King Henry I died in 1135, Matilda at once entered Normandy to claim her inheritance. The border districts submitted to her, but England chose her cousin Stephen of Blois for its king, and Normandy soon followed suit. The following year, Geoffrey gave Ambrieres, Gorron, and Chatilon-sur-Colmont to Juhel de Mayenne, on condition that he help obtain the inheritance of Geoffrey's wife. In 1139 Matilda landed in England with 140 knights, where she was besieged at Arundel Castle by King Stephen. In the "Anarchy" which ensued, Stephen was captured at Lincoln in February, 1141, and imprisoned at Bristol. A legatine council of the English church held at Winchester in April 1141 declared Stephen deposed and proclaimed Matilda "Lady of the English". Stephen was subsequently released from prison and had himself recrowned on the anniversary of his first coronation.
During 1142 and 1143, Geoffrey secured all of Normandy west and south of the Seine, and, on 14 January 1144, he crossed the Seine and entered Rouen. He assumed the title of Duke of Normandy in the summer of 1144. In 1144, he founded an Augustine priory at Chateau-l'Ermitage in Anjou. Geoffrey held the duchy until 1149, when he and Matilda conjointly ceded it to their son, Henry, which cession was formally ratified by King Louis VII of France the following year.
Geoffrey also put down three baronial rebellions in Anjou, in 1129, 1135, and 1145-1151. He was often at odds with his younger brother, Elias , whom he had imprisoned until 1151. The threat of rebellion slowed his progress in Normandy, and is one reason he could not intervene in England. In 1153, the Treaty of Westminster allowed Stephen should remain King of England for life and that Henry, the son of Geoffrey and Matilda should succeed him.
Geoffrey died suddenly on September 7, 1151. According to John of Marmoutier, Geoffrey was returning from a royal council when he was stricken with fever. He arrived at Château-du-Loir , collapsed on a couch, made bequests of gifts and charities, and died. He was buried at St. Julien's Cathedral in Le Mans France. Geoffrey and Matilda's children were:
Henry II of England (1133-1189)
Geoffrey, Count of Nantes (1 June 1134 Rouen - 26 July 1158 Nantes ) died unmarried and was buried in Nantes
William X, Count of Poitou (1136-1164) died unmarried
Geoffrey also had illegitimate children by an unknown mistress (or mistresses): Hamelin ; Emme, who married Dafydd Ab Owain Gwynedd , Prince of North Wales ; and Mary, who became a nun and Abbess of Shaftesbury and who may be the poetess Marie de France . Adelaide of Angers is sometimes sourced as being the mother of Hamelin.
The first reference to Norman heraldry was in 1128, when Henry I of England knighted his son-in-law Geoffrey and granted him a badge of gold lions (or leopards ) on a blue background. (A gold lion may already have been Henry's own badge.) Henry II used two gold lions and two lions on a red background are still part of the arms of Normandy. Henry's son, Richard I , added a third lion to distinguish the arms of England.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Anjou, Touraine and Maine: 1129-1151.
• Duke of Normandy: 1144-1151.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 212 M i. Henry II "Curtmantel", King of England was born on 5 Mar 1132 in Le Mans, France, died on 6 Jul 1189 at age 57, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, France.
149. William Adelin, Duke of Normandy 216 (Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1103 and died on 25 Nov 1120 at age 17. Other names for William were William Ćtheling Duke of Normandy and William III Duke of Normandy.
Death Notes: Died in the White Ship tragedy.
150. Maud, Princess of England 13 (Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1091 in England.
Research Notes: Illegitimate daughter of Henry I.
Maud married Conan III "le Gros", Duke of Bretagne,13 son of Alan IV Fergent and Hermengarde, Countess of Bretagne, in Mar 1113 in England. Conan was born about 1096 in <Bretagne, France> and died on 17 Sep 1148 about age 52.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 213 F i. Constance, Princess of Bretagne 13 was born about 1118 in <Bretagne, France>.
151. Robert de Caen, 1st Earl of Gloucester 218 219 220 (Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1090 in <Caen, Normandy, France>, died on 31 Oct 1147 in Bristol, Gloucestershire, England about age 57, and was buried in St. James Priory, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England. Other names for Robert were Robert "the King's son" de Caen Earl of Gloucester, Robert de Caen "the Consul and" Earl of Glouchester.
Research Notes: Natural son of Henry I. Half-brother of Empress Matilda.
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 123-26:
"ROBERT DE CAEN, Earl of Gloucester, 1122-1147 (natural son of Henry I, prob. by a NN dau. of the Gay or Gayt family of N. Oxfordshire... b. abt 1090, d. Bristol, 31 Oct. 1147, called 'the Consul'; m. Maud Fitz Hamon, dau. and h. of Robert Fitz Hamon, d. 1107, seigneur of Crelly in Calvados, Normandy, Lord of Thoringni, etc., and Sybil de Montgomery, dau. of Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury."
Also line 63-26 (Hawise de Beaumont)
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From Wikipedia - Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester :
Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester (c. 1090 - October 31 , 1147 ) was an illegitimate son of King Henry I of England , and one of the dominant figures of the period of English history sometimes called The Anarchy . He is also known as Robert of Caen, and Robert "the Consul", though both names are used by later historians and have little contemporary justification, other than the fact that Robert's clerks made a practice of using the Latin word consul rather than the more common comes for his title of 'Earl'.
Early life
Robert was the eldest of Henry's many illegitimate children. He was born well before his father's accession to the English throne, probably in the late 1080s, as he had himself had a son by 1104. There are numerous references noting him to have been the son of Sybil Corbet , heiress to Robert Corbet, Lord of Alcester, whose family had land in both England and Normandy. He was born in Caen, Normandy and was the first of several children between Henry and his Mistress Sybil Corbet. [1]
Robert was acknowledged at birth, though in view of the vicissitudes of his father's career between 1087 and 1096 it is unlikely he was raised in his household. He was educated to a high standard, was literate in Latin and had a serious interest in both history and philosophy, which indicates that he was at least partly raised in a clerical household, a suggestion made all the more likely as his first known child, born around 1104, was born to a daughter of Samson, Bishop of Worcester (died 1112) who up till 1096 had been a Royal Chaplain and Treasurer of Bayeux . It may be significant that his next brother Richard was brought up in an episcopal household, that of Robert Bloet , bishop of Lincoln . Robert later received dedications from both Geoffrey of Monmouth and William of Malmesbury . William's 'Historia Novella' contains a flattering portrait of the Earl.
Robert appears at court in Normandy in 1113, and in 1107 he had married Mabel, eldest daughter and heir of Robert Fitzhamon , who brought him the substantial honour of Gloucester in England, Glamorgan in Wales and the honours of Sainte-Scholasse-sur-Sarthe and Évrecy in Normandy, as well as Creully . In 1121 or 1122 his father created him Earl of Gloucester . Through his marriage to Mabel he became second Lord of Glamorgan, and gained possession of Cardiff Castle , and was responsible for the building of the stone keep there, which remains as the best preserved Norman shell keep in Wales, and one of the best in the British Isles. Robert had considerable authority and autonomy, to the extent that he even minted his own coinage, today preserved in the British Museum .
Family and children
He married, around 1107, Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester (died 1156), daughter of Robert Fitzhamon and Sibyl de Montgomery . Their children were:
William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester , died 1183. He married Hawise (died 1197) daughter of Robert II, Earl of Leicester.
Roger , Bishop of Worcester , (died 9 August 1179 , Tours ).
Hamon, killed at the siege of Toulouse in 1159.
Robert. (died before 1157) Also called Robert of Ilchester in documents. He married Hawise, (died after 1210) daughter of Baldwin de Redvers and Adeliz. Their daughter Mabel married Jordan de Cambernon .
Maud , (died 1190), wife of Ranulph de Gernon, 2nd Earl of Chester .
Philip, Castellan of Cricklade , (died after 1147). He took part in the Second Crusade .
Earl Robert had an illegitimate son, Richard, bishop of Bayeux (1135-1142), by Isabel de Douvres , sister of Richard de Douvres , bishop of Bayeux (1107-1133).
Noted events in his life were:
• 2nd Lord of Glamorgan: by right of his wife
• Created: 1st Earl of Gloucester, Aug 1122.
Robert married Mabel FitzHamon, of Gloucester,219 315 316 daughter of Robert FitzHamon, Sieur de Creully and Sybil Montgomery, in 1107. Mabel was born in 1090 in Gloucestershire, England and died on 29 Sep 1157 in Bristol, Gloucestershire, England at age 67. Other names for Mabel were Maud FitzHammon and Maud FitzHamon.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 63-26 (Hawise de Beaumont)
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From Wikipedia - Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester :
Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester, Countess of Gloucester (1090- 29 September 1157[1]), was an Anglo-Norman noblewoman, and a wealthy heiress who brought the lordship of Gloucester , among other prestigious honours to her husband, Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester upon their marriage. He was the illegitimate son of King Henry I of England . Her father was Robert Fitzhamon , Lord of Gloucester and Glamorgan . As she was the eldest daughter of four, and her younger sisters had become nuns, Mabel inherited all of his honours and properties upon his death in 1107.
Family
Mabel was born in Gloucestershire , England in 1090, the eldest of the three daughters of Robert FitzHamon, Lord of Glamorgan, and Gloucester, and his wife, Sybil de Montgomery. Her three younger sisters, Hawise, Cecile and Amice[2] all became nuns, making Mabel the sole heiress to her father's lordships and vast estates in England, Wales, and Normandy.
Her paternal grandfather was Hamon, Sheriff of Kent . Her maternal grandparents were Roger de Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Mabel Talvas of Belleme.
In March 1107, her father died in Normandy , leaving his lordships and estates to Mabel. Her mother married secondly Jean, Sire de Raimes.[3]
Marriage and children
In 1107, Mabel married Robert of Caen, an illegitimate son of King Henry I by his mistress Sybil Corbet. Their marriage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis who also names her parents.[4] He would later become an important figure during the turbulent period in English history known as The Anarchy which occurred in the reign of King Stephen of England . Throughout the civil war , he was a loyal supporter of his half-sister Empress Matilda who would make him the chief commander of her army. He had originally sworn fealty to King Stephen, but after quarrelling with him in 1137, his English and Welsh possessions were forfeited, and thus he joined forces with Matilda.[5]
Mabel brought to her husband, the honours of Gloucester in England, Glamorgan in Wales, Sainte-Scholasse-sur-Sarthe, Evrecy and Creully in Normandy. By right of his wife, he became the 2nd Lord of Glamorgan, and gained possession of her father's castle of Cardiff in Wales. In August 1122, he was created 1st Earl of Gloucester; henceforth, Mabel was styled as Countess of Gloucester.
Together Robert and Mabel had at least eight children:
Robert also sired an illegitimate son, Richard, Bishop of Bayeux by Isabel de Douvres.
Mabel's husband died on 31 October 1147. Mabel herself died on 29 September 1157 in Bristol at the age of sixty-seven years.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 214 F i. Maud FitzRobert, of Gloucester 219 317 318 was born about 1120 in Glouchestershire, England and died on 29 Jul 1190 in Chester, Cheshire, England about age 70.
+ 215 M ii. William FitzRobert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester was born about 1128 and died on 23 Nov 1183 about age 55.
Robert next married Elizabeth.
Research Notes: Source: Also familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Robert next married Maud.
Research Notes: Source: Also familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
152. Elizabeth, Princess of England 222 223 (Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1095 in <Talby, Yorkshire, England>. Another name for Elizabeth was Isabel.
Research Notes: Probably the mother of Gunnild of Dunbar. Youngest illegitimate daughter of Henry I.
Elizabeth married Fergus, Lord of Galloway 223 319 in 1124 in Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland. Fergus was born about 1090 in <Galloway, Scotland>, died in 1161 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Edinburghshire, Scotland about age 71, and was buried on 12 May 1161 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Edinburghshire, Scotland.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 216 M i. Uchtred, Lord of Galloway 223 319 was born about 1118 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died on 22 Sep 1174 about age 56.
153. Judith, of Bavaria (Henry I, Duke of Bavaria99, Judith, of Normandy68, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1100 and died in 1130 at age 30.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 166-25.
Judith married Frederick II, of Hohenstaufen, Duke of Swabia,320 321 son of Frederick I von Büren, of Hohenstaufen, Duke of Alsace and Swabia and Agnes, of Germany, in 1121. Frederick was born in 1090 and died on 6 Apr 1147 at age 57. Another name for Frederick was Frederick II Duke of Swabia.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 45-25.
From Wikipedia - Frederick II, Duke of Swabia :
Frederick II (1090 - 6 April 1147 ), called the One-Eyed, was the second Hohenstaufen duke of Swabia from 1105. He was the eldest son of Frederick I and Agnes .
He succeeded his father in 1105. In 1121 he married Judith of Bavaria, a member of the powerful House of Guelph . On the death of Emperor Henry V , his uncle, Frederick stood for election as King of the Romans with the support of his younger brother Conrad , duke of Franconia and several houses. However, he lost this election of 1125 to Lothar III , crowned Emperor later in 1133.
A conflict erupted between Frederick and his supporters, and Lothar. Encouraged by Albert, Archbishop of Mainz , who loathed the supporters of the late Emperor Henry V, Lothar besieged Nuremberg in 1127. Frederick relieved the siege of Nuremberg in 1127 and occupied Speyer in 1128. The attempt of Henry the Proud , duke of Bavaria, to capture Frederick during negotiations failed (1129). However, afterwards supporters of Lothar won a number of victories both in Germany and in Italy. Speyer (1129), Nuremberg (1130) and Ulm (1134) were captured and in October 1134 Frederick submitted to the emperor. In 1135 both Frederick and Conrad were finally reconciled with Lothar. After Lothar's death (1137) and election of Conrad as King of the Romans (1138) Frederick supported his brother in the struggle with Guelphs . According to Otto of Freising , Frederick was "so faithful a knight to his sovereign and so helpful a friend to his uncle that by valor he supported the tottering honor of the realm, fighting manfully against its foes..."
Frederick's second wife, Agnes, was the niece of his old enemy Albert of Mainz.
Children
With Judith of Bavaria (d. 1130 or 1131), daughter of Henry IX, Duke of Bavaria :
With Agnes of Saarbrücken (d.~1147):
The child from this marriage was:
+ 217 M i. Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor was born in 1122, died on 10 Jun 1190 at age 68, and was buried in Holy Land.
154. Hélie, of Burgundy 225 226 (Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy101, Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1080 and died on 28 Feb 1141 in Abbey of Perseigne about age 61. Other names for Hélie were Alix of Burgundy and Ela of Burgundy.
Death Notes: May have died on 28 Feb 1142.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Helie of Burgundy :
Helie of Burgundy (c.1080 - 28 February 1141 ) was the daughter of Eudes I and Sibylla of Burgundy.
In June 1095, she married Bertrand of Toulouse , as his second wife. The two had one son, Pons of Tripoli (c.1098-1137).
Bertrand succeeded his father as Count of Toulouse in 1105, and in 1108, he set out for Outremer to claim his father's rights as Count of Tripoli . Helie accompanied him on this expedition, which resulted in the capture of Tripoli in 1109; shortly after, their nephew, William-Jordan died of wounds, giving Bertrand an undisputed claim to Tripoli.
Bertrand died in 1112, and Pons succeeded him in Tripoli. Helie returned to France, where she married William III of Ponthieu in 1115. They had twelve children, including two named Robert, two named William, and two named Enguerrand:
Helie died on 28 February 1141 , in the Abbey de Perseigne.
Hélie married William III Talvas, Count of Alençon & Ponthieu,322 323 son of Robert II de Bellęme, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Agnes, about 1115. William was born about 1095 and died on 30 Jun 1172 about age 77. Another name for William was William III of Ponthieu.
Death Notes: May have been 20 June 1172 or 30 June 1171.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - William III, Count of Ponthieu :
William III of Ponthieu (c. 1095-20 June 1172), son of Robert II of Bellęme and Agnes of Ponthieu . He is also called William (II; III) Talvas.
He assumed the county of Ponthieu some time before 1111, upon the death of his mother. His father escaped capture at the battle of Tinchebrai (1106); but later, as envoy for King Louis of France , he went to the English court and was arrested by King Henry of England and was never released from prison. William was naturally driven by this to oppose King Henry, and his allegiance to count Geoffrey of Anjou caused Henry to seize certain of William's castles in Normandy.
Family
His wife was Helie of Burgundy , daughter of Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy . The Gesta Normannorum Ducum says that they had five children, three sons and two daughters: Guy II is called "the eldest son", but the editors doubt this; he assumed the county of Ponthieu during his father Talvas' lifetime, but preceded him in death (Guy II died 1147; William Talvas died 1171); his daughters married Juhel, son of Walter of Mayenne , and William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey .
Children from this marriage were:
+ 218 M i. Guy II, of Ponthieu 324 was born about 1120 and died in 1147 about age 27.
+ 219 F ii. Ela Talvas, of Alençon and Ponthieu 131 299 300 was born about 1124 in <Alençon, Normandy>, France, died on 10 Oct 1174 in Bradenstoke Priory, Bradenstoke, Wiltshire, England about age 50, and was buried on 4 Dec 1174.
Hélie next married Bertrand, Count of Toulouse 322 in 1095. Bertrand died in 1112.
155. Adélarde de Vignory 228 (Beatrice, of Burgundy103, Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died after 1140. Another name for Adélarde was Hodiarde de Vignory.
Adélarde married Roger I de Joinville, Seigneur de Joinville, son of Geoffroi de Joinville, Seigneur de Joinville and Blanche, of Reynel,. Roger died after 1137.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 71A-26
The child from this marriage was:
+ 220 M i. Geoffroi III de Joinville, Sénéchal of Champagne and of Bar-sur-Seine 325 was born before 1127 and died in 1188.
156. Afonso I, King of Portugal 229 230 (Henry, of Burgundy, Count of Portugal105, Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born on 25 Jul 1109 in Viseu, Viseu, Portugal, died on 6 Dec 1185 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 76, and was buried in Santa Cruz Monastery, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Other names for Afonso were Affonso I "the Conqueror" King of Portugal and the Algarves, Afonso Henriques King of Portugal, Alfonso I King of Portugal, and Henriquez I King of Portugal.
Research Notes: First king of Portugal.
From Wikipedia - Afonso I of Portugal :
Afonso I (English Alphonzo or Alphonse), more commonly known as Afonso Henriques (pronounced [?'fősu ?'?ik??] ), or also Affonso (Archaic Portuguese), Alfonso or Alphonso (Portuguese-Galician ) or Alphonsus (Latin version), (Viseu , 1109 , traditionally July 25 - Coimbra , 1185 December 6 ), also known as the Conqueror (Port. o Conquistador), was the first King of Portugal , declaring his independence from León .
Life
Afonso I was the son of Henry of Burgundy, Count of Portugal and Teresa of León , the illegitimate daughter of King Alfonso VI of Castile and León . He was proclaimed King on July 26 , 1139 , immediately after the Battle of Ourique , and died on December 6 , 1185 in Coimbra .
At the end of the 11th century , the Iberian Peninsula political agenda was mostly concerned with the Reconquista , the driving out of the Muslim successor-states to the Caliphate of Cordoba after its collapse. With European military aristocracies focused on the Crusades , Alfonso VI called for the help of the French nobility to deal with the Moors . In exchange, he was to give the hands of his daughters in wedlock to the leaders of the expedition and bestow royal privileges to the others. Thus, the royal heiress Urraca of Castile wedded Raymond of Burgundy , younger son of the Count of Burgundy , and her half-sister, princess Teresa of León , wedded his cousin, another French crusader, Henry of Burgundy , younger brother of the Duke of Burgundy . Henry was made Count of Portugal, a burdensome county south of Galicia , where Moorish incursions and attacks were to be expected. With his wife Teresa as co-ruler of Portugal, Henry withstood the ordeal and held the lands for his father-in-law.
From this wedlock several sons were born, but only one, Afonso Henriques (meaning "Afonso son of Henry") thrived. The boy, probably born around 1109, followed his father as Count of Portugal in 1112 , under the tutelage of his mother. The relations between Teresa and her son Afonso proved difficult. Only eleven years old, Afonso already had his own political ideas, greatly different from his mother's. In 1120 , the young prince took the side of the archbishop of Braga , a political foe of Teresa, and both were exiled by her orders. Afonso spent the next years away from his own county , under the watch of the bishop. In 1122 Afonso became fourteen, the adult age in the 12th century . He made himself a knight on his own account in the Cathedral of Zamora , raised an army , and proceeded to take control of his lands. Near Guimarăes , at the Battle of Săo Mamede (1128 ) he overcame the troops under his mother's lover and ally Count Fernando Peres de Trava of Galicia , making her his prisoner and exiling her forever to a monastery in León . Thus the possibility of incorporating Portugal into a Kingdom of Galicia was eliminated and Afonso become sole ruler (Duke of Portugal) after demands for independence from the county's people, church and nobles. He also vanquished Alfonso VII of Castile and León , another of his mother's allies, and thus freed the county from political dependence on the crown of León and Castile . On April 6 , 1129 , Afonso Henriques dictated the writ in which he proclaimed himself Prince of Portugal.
...In 1169 , Afonso was disabled in an engagement near Badajoz by a fall from his horse , and made prisoner by the soldiers of the king of León. Portugal was obliged to surrender as his ransom almost all the conquests Afonso had made in Galicia in the previous years.
In 1179 the privileges and favours given to the Roman Catholic Church were compensated. In the papal bull Manifestis Probatum , Pope Alexander III acknowledged Afonso as King and Portugal as an independent land with the right to conquer lands from the Moors. With this papal blessing, Portugal was at last secured as a country and safe from any Castilian attempts at annexation.
In 1184 , in spite of his great age, he still had sufficient energy to relieve his son Sancho, who was besieged in Santarém by the Moors. He died shortly after, on December 6 , 1185 .
The Portuguese revere him as a hero, both on account of his personal character and as the founder of their nation . There are stories that it would take 10 men to carry his sword, and that Afonso would want to engage other monarchs in personal combat, but no one would dare accept his challenge.
Afonso married Maud, of Savoy,48 326 327 daughter of Amadeus III, Count of Savoy, Maurienne and Turin and Mathilde, Comtesse d'Albon, before Jun 1146 in Chambéry, Savoie, France. Maud was born in 1125 in <Chambéry, Savoie>, France, died on 4 Nov 1158 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 33, and was buried in Igreja Santa Cruz, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Other names for Maud were Mafalda of Savoy, Mahaut of Savoy, Mathilda of Savoy, and Matilde Countess of Savoy.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has d. 1157
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Maud of Savoy :
Maud of Savoy (1125 -1158 ), also known as Mafalda, Mahaut or Matilda (in Portuguese always as Mafalda),was the first queen of Portugal. She was Queen consort of Portugal through her marriage to King Afonso I of Portugal (of the House of Burgundy ; first king of Portugal ) in 1146 .
She was the second or third daughter of Amadeus III of Savoy , Count of Savoy and Maurienne , and Mahaut of Albon (the sister of Guigues IV, Comte d'Albon , "le Dauphin").
Afonso's and Maud descendants
Children from this marriage were:
+ 221 F i. Urraca, of Portugal 48 328 329 was born about 1150 in <Coimbra, Coimbra>, Portugal and died on 16 Oct 1188 in Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain about age 38.
+ 222 M ii. Sancho I, King of Portugal was born on 11 Nov 1154 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal and died on 26 Mar 1212 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 57.
157. InfantaSancha (Urraca, of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon107, Constance, of Burgundy70, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born before 1095.
158. Alfonso VII, King of Castile and Léon 48 231 232 (Urraca, of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon107, Constance, of Burgundy70, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born on 1 Mar 1105 in Toledo, Castile, Spain, died on 21 Aug 1157 in La Fresneda, Teruel, Aragon, Spain at age 52, and was buried in Catedral De Toledo, Toledo, Castile. Other names for Alfonso were Alfonso Raimundez, Alfonso VII of Léon and Castile, Alfonso VII Emperor of Spain, and Alfonso VII "Pierre-Raimund" King of Castile and Leon and Galicia.
Death Notes: FamilySearch has d. in La Fresneda, Teruel, Aragon. Wikipedia (?) has Sierra Morena.
Research Notes: Second husband of Berenguela of Barcelona.
From Wikipedia - Alfonso VII of León and Castile :
Alfonso VII (1 March 1105 - 21 August 1157 ), called the Emperor, became the King of Galicia in 1111 and King of León and Castile in 1126. He was crowned "Emperor of All the Spains " in 1135. He was the son of Urraca of León and Raymond of Burgundy , the first of the House of Burgundy to rule in Hispania .
Alfonso was a dignified and somewhat enigmatic figure. His rule was characterised by the renewed supremacy of the western kingdoms of Christian Hispania over the eastern (Navarre and Aragón ) after the reign of Alfonso the Battler . He also sought to make the imperial title meaningful in practice, though his attempts to rule over both Christian and Muslim populations was even less successful. His hegemonic intentions never saw fruition, however. During his tenure, Portugal became de facto independent, in 1128, and was recognized as de jure independent, in 1143. He was a patron of poets, including, probably, the troubadour Marcabru .
Succession to three kingdoms
In 1111, Diego Gelmírez , Bishop of Compostela , and the count of Traba crowned Alfonso King of Galicia in the cathedral of Santiago de Compostela . He was but a child at the time, but his mother had already (1109) succeeded to the united throne of León-Castile-Galicia and desired to assure her son's prospects and groom him for his eventual succession. By 1125 he had inherited the formerly Muslim Kingdom of Toledo . On 10 March 1126 , after the death of his mother, he was crowned in León and immediately began the recovery of the Kingdom of Castile , which was then under the domination of Alfonso the Battler. By the Peace of Támara of 1127, the Battler recognised Alfonso VII of Castile. The territory in the far east of his dominion, however, had gained much independence during the rule of his mother and experienced many rebellions. After his recognition in Castile, Alfonso fought to curb the autonomy of the local barons.
When Alfonso the Battler, King of Navarre and Aragón , died without descendants in 1134, he willed his kingdom to the military orders . The aristocracy of both kingdoms did not accept this and García Ramírez , Count of Monzón was elected in Navarre while Alfonso pretended to the throne of Aragón. The nobles chose another candidate in the dead king's brother, Ramiro II . Alfonso responded by occupying La Rioja , conquering Zaragoza , and governing both realms in unison. From this point, the arms of Zaragoza began to appear in those of León.
In several skirmishes, he defeated the joint Navarro-Aragonese army and put the kingdoms to vassalage. He had the strong support of the lords north of the Pyrenees , who held lands as far as the River Rhône . In the end, however, the combined forces of the Navarre and Aragón were too much for his control. At this time, he helped Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona , in his wars with the other Catalan counties to unite the old Marca Hispanica .
Imperial rule
A vague tradition had always assigned the title of emperor to the sovereign who held León. Sancho the Great considered the city the imperiale culmen and minted coins with the inscription Imperator totius Hispaniae after being crowned in it. Such a sovereign was considered the most direct representative of the Visigothic kings, who had been themselves the representatives of the Roman Empire . But though appearing in charters, and claimed by Alfonso VI of León and Alfonso the Battler , the title had been little more than a flourish of rhetoric.
In 1135, Alfonso was crowned "Emperor of All the Spains" in the Cathedral of León . By this, he probably wished to assert his authority over the entire peninsula and his absolute leadership of the Reconquista . He appears to have striven for the formation of a national unity which Hispania had never possessed since the fall of the Visigothic kingdom. The elements he had to deal with could not be welded together. The weakness of Aragon enabled him to make his superiority effective, although Afonso I of Portugal never recognised him as liege , thereby affirming Portugal's independence. In 1143, he himself recognised this status quo and consented to the marriage of Petronila of Aragon with Ramon Berenguer IV , a union which combined Aragon and Catalonia into the Crown of Aragon .
Family
In November 1128, he married Berenguela , daughter of Ramon Berenguer III. She died in 1149. Their children were:
Sancho III of Castile (1134-1158)
Ramon, living 1136, died in infancy
Ferdinand II of León (1137-1188)
Constance (c.1138-1160), married Louis VII of France
Sancha (c.1139-1179), married Sancho VI of Navarre
García (c.1142-1145/6)
Alfonso (c.1144-by 1149)
In 1152, Alfonso married Richeza of Poland , the daughter of Ladislaus II the Exile . They had:
Ferdinand, (1153-1157)
Sancha (1155-1208), the wife of Alfonso II of Aragón .
Alfonso also had two mistresses, having children by both. By an Asturian noblewoman named Guntroda Pérez , he had an illegitimate daughter, Urraca (1132-1164), who married García Ramírez of Navarre , the mother retiring to a convent in 1133. Later in his reign, he formed a liaison with Urraca Fernández, widow of count Rodrigo Martínez and daughter of Fernando García of Hita, an apparent grandson of García Sánchez III of Navarre , having a daughter Stephanie 'the Unfortunate' (1148-1180), who was killed by her jealous husband, Fernan Ruiz de Castro.
Noted events in his life were:
• King of Galicia: 1111-1157, Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela.
• King of León and Castile: 10 Mar 1126-21 Aug 1157.
• Emperor of All the Spains: 1135-1157, Cathedral of Léon.
Alfonso married Berenguela, of Barcelona,102 330 daughter of Raymond III Berenger, Count of Barcelona and Dulce Aldonza Milhaud, in Nov 1128. Berenguela was born about 1116 in <Barcelona, Aragon>, Spain and died on 3 Feb 1149 in Palencia, Léon, Spain about age 33. Another name for Berenguela was Berenguela Raimundo de Barcelona.
Death Notes: FamilySearch has d. 2 Feb 1148/1149
Children from this marriage were:
+ 223 M i. Sancho III, of Castile 331 332 was born in 1134 and died on 30 Aug 1158 at age 24.
+ 224 M ii. Fernando II, King of Léon 48 333 334 was born in 1137 in Toledo, Castile, Spain and died on 22 Jan 1188 in Benavente, Zamora, Castile, Spain at age 51.
+ 225 F iii. Sancha was born in 1137 and died in 1179 at age 42.
+ 226 F iv. Constance was born in 1141 and died in 1160 at age 19.
159. Alberic I, Count of Dammartin 102 (Aelis de Dammartin108, Hugues de Dammartin, Count of Dammartin71, Constance Capet47, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1110 in <Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne>, France and died in 1183 about age 73.
Alberic married Joan Basset 67 before 1150. Joan was born about 1114 in <Wellingford, Oxfordshire>, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 227 M i. Albri de Luzarches, Count of Dammartin 102 335 was born about 1135 in <Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne>, France, died on 19 Sep 1200 in London, Middlesex, England about age 65, and was buried in Abbaye de Jumieges, Jumieges, Seine-Maritime, France.
160. Margaret de Rie 23 235 (Rohese FitzRichard de Clare109, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1065 in <Rycott, Oxford>, England and died in <England>. Another name for Margaret was Margaret De Rie.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1088, Rycott, Oxford, England.
Margaret married William de Mandeville,23 336 337 son of Geoffrey de Mandeville and Adeliza de Balts, about 1083 in England. William was born in 1062 in <Rycott, Oxford>, England and died between 1105 and 1116 in England.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1054, Great Waltham, Essex, England.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - William de Mandeville :
William de Mandeville (died sometime between 1105 and 1116) inherited the estates of his father Geoffrey around 1100. He was constable of the Tower of London at that time, and thus keeper of the first person known to be imprisoned there for political reasons, Ranulf Flambard . Flambard's escape in February, 1101 would have significant consequences for William.
It is not known if William was in some way a confederate of Flambard, or was simply a lax guardian. Either way, king Henry I apparently took away the heart of William's Essex estates. Little is known of William's activities after this.
William probably married Margaret, daughter of Eudo FitzHubert (Dapifer)[1] and Rohese de Clare. Their son Geoffrey would recover the seized estates, and gain much else besides.
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable: of the Tower of London, 1100-1101.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 228 M i. Geoffrey de Mandeville 23 338 339 was born in 1092 in <Rycott, Oxford, England>, died on 14 Sep 1144 in Mildenhall, Suffolk, England at age 52, and was buried in New Temple Church, Holborn, Suffolk, England.
161. Adeliza de Clare 241 242 243 (Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born between 1066 and 1080 in <Essex, England> and died about 1163 in <Clare, Suffolk, England>. Other names for Adeliza were Alice de Clare, Alice FitzRichard, Adeliza fitz Richard, and Alice fitz Richard.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1077, Essex, England.
Adeliza married Aubrey II de Vere, of Great Addington & Drayton,340 341 342 343 son of Aubrey I de Vere and Beatrice de Gand, about 1105. Aubrey was born about 1080 in <Hedingham, Essex, England>, died on 15 May 1141 in London, Middlesex, England about age 61, and was buried in Colne Priory, Earls Colne, Essex, England. Other names for Aubrey were Alberic de Ver, Albericus de Ver, and Alberic De Vere.
Birth Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019514.htm has b. 1062 in Hedingham, Essex, England.
Death Notes: Killed by a London mob
Research Notes: Aubrey II de Vere of Great Addington and Drayton, co. Northampton, Sheriff of London and Middlesex 1121, 1125, Justice and Master Chamberlain of England 1133.
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From Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere II
Aubrey de Vere II (c. 1080 -1141 ) was also known as "Alberic[us] de Ver". He was the second of that name in post Norman Conquest England , being the eldest surviving son of Alberic or Aubrey I de Vere who had followed William the Conqueror to England in or after 1066 .
Their lineage is probably Norman , possibly originally from the eponymous town of Ver/Vire in western Normandy , and were [erroneously] said to descend from Charlemagne himself through the Counts of Flanders by late antiquarians. In fact, their connection with Guînes , in Flanders , was temporary; Aubrey de Vere III was briefly married to Beatrice, heiress to that county, about 1137 -1144 or 1146 .
Aubrey II served as Sheriff of many shires and as a Justiciar under kings Henry I and Stephen .[1] King Henry I had declared the estates and office of the first Lord Chamberlain , Robert Malet , to be forfeit, and in 1133 awarded the office of Lord Chamberlain of England to Aubrey.
William of Malmesbury reports that Aubrey represented King Stephen in 1139 , when the king had been summoned to a church council to answer for the seizure of castles held by Roger, Bishop of Salisbury.
His eldest son Aubrey de Vere III , was later created Earl of Oxford , and their descendants were to hold that title and the office that came to be known as the Lord Great Chamberlain until the extinction of the male line in 1703 .[2] He was killed by a London mob in May, 1141 , and buried in the family priory at Colne, Essex .
Aubrey II married Adeliza/Alice, daughter of Gilbert fitz Richard of Clare. Their known children: Aubrey de Vere III , first earl of Oxford; Rohese de Vere, Countess of Essex , Robert; Alice "of Essex;" Geoffrey; Juliana, Countess of Norfolk; William de Vere , Bishop of Hereford; Gilbert, prior of the Knights Hospitaller in England; and an unnamed daughter who married Roger de Ramis.
^ Davis, et al.: "Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum". Oxford University Press, 1913-68: v. 2.
^ Cokayne, G. E: "Complete Peerage of England....", v. 10. St. Catherine Press, 1910-58.
Noted events in his life were:
• Sheriff: of London and Middlesex.
• Justice: and Master Chamberlain of England, 1133.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 229 F i. Rohese de Vere, Countess of Essex 23 340 344 was born about 1103 in <Hedingham, Essex, England>, died after 21 Oct 1166 in <England>, and was buried in Chicksands Priory, Bedfordshire, England.
+ 230 M ii. Aubrey III de Vere, 1st Earl of Oxford and Count of Guînes 345 was born about 1115 and died on 26 Dec 1194 about age 79.
+ 231 F iii. Juliana de Vere 343 346 was born about 1116 in <Hedingham, Essex, England>, was christened in Hedingham, Essex, England, and died about 1199 about age 83.
+ 232 F iv. Alice de Vere, of Essex 340 347 was born before 1141 and died after 1185.
+ 233 M v. Robert de Vere .340
+ 234 M vi. Geoffrey de Vere .
+ 235 M vii. William de Vere, Bishop of Hereford .
+ 236 M viii. Gilbert de Vere .
162. Richard FitzGilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Hertford 23 244 245 246 (Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born between 1084 and 1090 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England, was christened in Clare, Suffolk, England, died on 15 Apr 1136 in [near Abergavenny], Monmouthshire, England, and was buried in Gloucester. Other names for Richard were Richard de Clare Earl of Hertford and Earl of Clare, Richard FitzGilbert de Clare Lord of Clare, Suffolk, Richard Fitz Gilbert Lord of Clare, and Suffolk.
Death Notes: Slain by the Welsh near Abergavenny
Research Notes: From thepeerage.com:
Richard FitzGilbert was also known as Richard de Clare.1 He succeeded to the title of 3rd Lord of Clare [feudal baron] circa 1117.1 He is supposed to have been created Earl of Hertford by King Stephen I (or by King Henry I), but Cokayne states that there is no grounds for this belief.1 He founded the Priory of Tonbridge.1 He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.
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From Wikipedia - Richard de Clare, 1st Earl of Hertford :
Lineage
Richard FitzGilbert de Clare. 1st Earl of Hertford (1094-15 April 1136 ) was the son of Gilbert Fitz Richard de Clare and Alice de Claremont also known as Adeliza de Claremont .
He founded the priory of Tonbridge .
Welsh revolt
Richard held the Lordship of Ceredigion in Wales . A Welsh revolt against Norman rule had begun in south Wales where, on 1 January 1136 the Welsh won a victory over the local Norman forces between Loughor and Swansea .
Ambush & death
Richard had been away from his lordship in the early part of the year. Returning to the borders of Wales in April, he ignored warnings of the danger and pressed on toward Ceredigion with only a small force. He had not gone far when he was ambushed and killed by the men of Gwent under Iorwerth ab Owain and his brother Morgan, grandsons of Caradog ap Gruffydd , in a woody tract called "the ill-way of Coed Grano", near Llanthony Abbey , north of Abergavenny .
Spur for Welsh invasion
The news of Richard's death induced Owain Gwynedd , son of Gruffydd ap Cynan , king of Gwynedd to invade his Lordship. In alliance with Gruffydd ap Rhys of Deheubarth , he won a crushing victory over the Normans at the Battle of Crug Mawr , just outside Cardigan . The town of Cardigan was taken and burnt, and Richard's widow, Adelize, took refuge in Cardigan Castle , which was successfully defended by Robert fitz Martin . She was rescued by Miles of Gloucester who led an expedition to bring her to safety in England .
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Clare, Suffolk:
Richard married Adelize de Gernon,23 245 348 daughter of Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester and Lucy, of Bolingbroke, about 1116. Adelize was born about 1094 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England and died in 1128 about age 34. Other names for Adelize were Alice de Gernon, Alicia de Gernon, Adeliza de Meschines, and Alice de Meschines.
Birth Notes: Wikipedia has b. abt 1102
Children from this marriage were:
+ 237 F i. Alice de Clare 219 349 was born about 1102 in <Tunbridge, Kent>, England and died after 1148 in England.
+ 238 M ii. Gilbert de Clare 350 was born in 1115 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England and died in 1153 at age 38.
+ 239 M iii. Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford 23 246 351 352 was born in 1116 in <Tunbridge Castle>, Kent, England, died in 1173 in Oxfordshire, England at age 57, and was buried in Eynsham Priory, Oxfordshire, England.
163. Rohese FitzRichard 165 (Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1090 in <Clare, Suffolk>, England and died in 1149 in England about age 59. Another name for Rohese was Rohesia de Clare.
Rohese married Badeion de Monmouth, of Monmouth, Monmouthshire.353
The child from this marriage was:
+ 240 F i. Rohese de Monmouth .353
164. Baldwin FitzGilbert de Clare, Lord of Bourne, Deeping and Skellingthorpe 247 248 (Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1092 and died in 1154 about age 62.
Research Notes: Lord of Bourne, Deeping and Skellingthorpe, co. Lincoln, founder of Bourne Abbey
165. Gilbert FitzGilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke 189 247 249 (Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1100 and died on 6 Jan 1148 about age 48. Another name for Gilbert was Gilbert de Clare 1st Earl of Pembroke.
Research Notes: From thepeerage.com:
Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke also went by the nick-name of Gilbert 'Strongbow'. He was also known as Gilbert FitzGilbert.2 He was created 1st Earl of Pembroke [England] circa 1138.
Gilbert married Isabel de Beaumont,195 daughter of Sir Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester and Count of Meulan and Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester,. Isabel was born between 1100 and 1107 and died after 1172. Another name for Isabel was Isabella of Meulan.
Research Notes: From thepeerage.com:
Isabella of Meulan was born between 1102 and 1107.1 She was the daughter of Robert de Meulan, 1st Earl of Leicester and Elizabeth de Vermandois.2 She married Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke, son of Gilbert fitz Richard and Adeliza de Clermont . She died after 1172.2
As a result of her marriage, Isabella of Meulan was styled as Countess of Pembroke.
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From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Isabel de Beaumont (b Aft. 1102), a mistress of King Henry I of England . Married two times:
(Duplicate Line. See Person 131)
166. Fulk V "the Young", Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem 253 254 255 (Bertrade, de Montfort112, Agnes d'Évreux73, Richard, Count of Évreux49, Robert II, Count of Évreux31, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1092 in Angers, France and died on 10 Nov 1144 in Acre, Palestine at age 52. Other names for Fulk were Fulk of Jerusalem, Fulk V Count of Anjou and King of Jerusalem.
Birth Notes: May have been born in Anjou.
Death Notes: May have died in Jerusalem.
Research Notes: From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871915 :
Count of Anjou; King of Jerusalem (1131-1143). Fulk married the only daughter of Helias, Count of Maine, thereby uniting Anjou and Maine. In 1120 he went on pilgrimage to the Holy Land. In 1128 a delegation from Baldwin II, King of Jerusalem (RIN # 4676), arrived in France, asking Louis VII to choose one of the French nobility to marry his daughter Melisande and become heir to the throne of Jerusalem. Fulk, by then a widower, was chosen. He married Melisande in 1129 and succeeded as King of Jerusalem in 1131. To defend the holy city from the Muslim champion, Zengi, Fulk allied with the emir of Damascus and the emperor of Constantinople during the early 1130's. Turkish raiders took him prisoner in 1137, but then freed him.
!The Plantagenet Chronicles: 19,37-9,46-8,60-1
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From Wikipedia - Fulk of Jerusalem :
Fulk (1089/1092 in Angers - November 13, 1143 in Acre ), also known as Fulk the Younger, was Count of Anjou (as Fulk V) from 1109 to 1129, and King of Jerusalem from 1131 to his death. He was also the paternal grandfather of Henry II of England .
Count of Anjou
Fulk was born in Angers between 1089 and 1092, the son of Count Fulk IV of Anjou and Bertrade de Montfort . In 1092, Bertrade deserted her husband and bigamously married King Philip I of France .
He became count of Anjou upon his father's death in 1109, at the age of approximately twenty. In that year, he married Erembourg of Maine , cementing Angevin control over the County of Maine .
He was originally an opponent of King Henry I of England and a supporter of King Louis VI of France , but in 1127 he allied with Henry when Henry arranged for his daughter Matilda to marry Fulk's son Geoffrey of Anjou . Fulk went on crusade in 1120, and became a close friend of the Knights Templar . After his return he began to subsidize the Templars, and maintained two knights in the Holy Land for a year.
Crusader and King
By 1127 Fulk was preparing to return to Anjou when he received an embassy from King Baldwin II of Jerusalem . Baldwin II had no male heirs but had already designated his daughter Melisende to succeed him. Baldwin II wanted to safeguard his daughter's inheritance by marrying her to a powerful lord. Fulk was a wealthy crusader and experienced military commander, and a widower. His experience in the field would prove invaluable in a frontier state always in the grip of war.
However, Fulk held out for better terms than mere consort of the Queen; he wanted to be king alongside Melisende. Baldwin II, reflecting on Fulk's fortune and military exploits, acquiesced. Fulk abdicated his county seat of Anjou to his son Geoffery and left for Jerusalem , where he married Melisende on June 2, 1129. Later Baldwin II bolstered Melisende's position in the kingdom by making her sole guardian of her son by Fulk, Baldwin III , born in 1130.
Fulk and Melisende became joint rulers of Jerusalem in 1131 with Baldwin II's death. From the start Fulk assumed sole control of the government, excluding Melisende altogether. He favored fellow countrymen from Anjou to the native nobility. The other crusader states to the north feared that Fulk would attempt to impose the suzerainty of Jerusalem over them, as Baldwin II had done; but as Fulk was far less powerful than his deceased father-in-law, the northern states rejected his authority. Melisende's sister Alice of Antioch , exiled from the Principality by Baldwin II, took control of Antioch once more after the death of her father. She allied with Pons of Tripoli and Joscelin II of Edessa to prevent Fulk from marching north in 1132; Fulk and Pons fought a brief battle before peace was made and Alice was exiled again.
In Jerusalem as well, Fulk was resented by the second generation of Jerusalem Christians who had grown up there since the First Crusade. These "natives" focused on Melisende's cousin, the popular Hugh II of Le Puiset , count of Jaffa , who was devotedly loyal to the Queen. Fulk saw Hugh as a rival, and it did not help matters when Hugh's own stepson accused him of disloyalty. In 1134, in order to expose Hugh, Fulk accused him of infidelity with Melisende. Hugh rebelled in protest. Hugh secured himself to Jaffa, and allied himself with the Muslims of Ascalon . He was able to defeat the army set against him by Fulk, but this situation could not hold. The Patriarch interceded in the conflict, perhaps at the behest of Melisende. Fulk agreed to peace and Hugh was exiled from the kingdom for three years, a lenient sentence.
However, an assassination attempt was made against Hugh. Fulk, or his supporters, were commonly believed responsible, though direct proof never surfaced. The scandal was all that was needed for the queen's party to take over the government in what amounted to a palace coup. Author and historian Bernard Hamilton wrote that the Fulk's supporters "went in terror of their lives" in the palace. Contemporary author and historian William of Tyre wrote of Fulk "he never attempted to take the initiative, even in trivial matters, without (Melisende's) consent". The result was that Melisende held direct and unquestioned control over the government from 1136 onwards. Sometime before 1136 Fulk reconciled with his wife, and a second son, Amalric was born.
Securing the borders
Jerusalem's northern border was of great concern. Fulk had been appointed regent of the Principality of Antioch by Baldwin II. As regent he had Raymund of Poitou marry the infant Constance of Antioch , daughter of Bohemund II and Alice of Antioch , and niece to Melisende. However, the greatest concern during Fulk's reign was the rise of Atabeg Zengi of Mosul .
In 1137 Fulk was defeated in battle near Barin but allied with Mu'in ad-Din Unur , the vizier of Damascus . Damascus was also threatened by Zengi. Fulk captured the fort of Banias , to the north of Lake Tiberias and thus secured the northern frontier.
Fulk also strengthened the kingdom's southern border. His butler Paganus built the fortress of Kerak to the south of the Dead Sea , and to help give the kingdom access to the Red Sea , Fulk had Blanche Garde , Ibelin , and other forts built in the south-west to overpower the Egyptian fortress at Ascalon. This city was a base from which the Egyptian Fatimids launched frequent raids on the Kingdom of Jerusalem and Fulk sought to neutralise this threat.
In 1137 and 1142, Byzantine emperor John II Comnenus arrived in Syria attempting to impose Byzantine control over the crusader states . John's arrival was ignored by Fulk, who declined an invitation to meet the emperor in Jerusalem.
Death
In 1143, while the king and queen were on holiday in Acre , Fulk was killed in a hunting accident. His horse stumbled, fell, and Fulk's skull was crushed by the saddle, "and his brains gushed forth from both ears and nostrils", as William of Tyre describes. He was carried back to Acre, where he lay unconscious for three days before he died. He was buried in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. Though their marriage started in conflict, Melisende mourned for him privately as well as publicly. Fulk was survived by his son Geoffrey of Anjou by his first wife, and Baldwin III and Amalric I by Melisende.
According to William, Fulk was "a ruddy man, like David... faithful and gentle, affable and kind... an experienced warrior full of patience and wisdom in military affairs." His chief fault was an inability to remember names and faces.
William of Tyre described Fulk as a capable soldier and able politician, but observed that Fulk did not adequately attend to the defense of the crusader states to the north. Ibn al-Qalanisi (who calls him al-Kund Anjur, an Arabic rendering of "Count of Anjou") says that "he was not sound in his judgment nor was he successful in his administration." The Zengids continued their march on the crusader states, culminating in the fall of the County of Edessa in 1144, which led to the Second Crusade (see Siege of Edessa ).
Family
In 1110, Fulk married Ermengarde of Maine (died 1126), the daughter of Elias I of Maine . Their four children were:
Geoffrey V of Anjou , father of Henry II of England .
Sibylla of Anjou (1112-1165, Bethlehem ), married in 1123 William Clito (div. 1124), married in 1134 Thierry, Count of Flanders .
Alice (or Isabella ) (1107-1154, Fontevrault), married William Adelin ; after his death in the White Ship she became a nun and later Abbess of Fontevrault .
Elias II of Maine (died 1151)
His second wife was Melisende , Queen of Jerusalem
Baldwin III of Jerusalem
Amalric I of Jerusalem
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Anjou: 1109-1129.
• King of Jerusalem: 1131-1144.
Fulk married Erembourg, Countess of Maine,354 355 daughter of Hélie de la Flęche, Count of Maine and Matilda, of Château-du-Loire, in 1110. Erembourg died in 1126. Other names for Erembourg were Eremburg of Maine, Eremburga of La Flęche, Ermengarde of Maine, and Erembourg de la Flęche.
Marriage Notes: May have been married in 1109.
Research Notes: First wife of Fulk V. Only daughter of Helie de la Flęche.
From Wikipedia - Ermengarde of Maine :
Ermengarde or Erembourg of Maine, also known as Erembourg de la Flčche (died 1126 ), was Countess of Maine and the Lady of Château-du-Loir from 1110 to 1126 . She was the daughter of Elias I of Maine , Count of Maine, and Mathilda of Château-du-Loire.
In 1109 she married Fulk V of Anjou , thereby finally bringing Maine under Angevin control. She gave birth to:
She died in 1126 , on either the 15th January or the 12 October. After her death, Fulk left his lands to their son Geoffrey, and set out for the Holy Land , where he married Melisende of Jerusalem and became King of Jerusalem .
Noted events in her life were:
• Countess of Maine: 1110-1126.
• Lady of Château-du-Loire: 1110-1126.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 241 F i. Sybil, of Anjou 304 305 was born about 1112 in <Anjou, France> and died in 1165 about age 53.
+ 242 M ii. Geoffrey V Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy 312 313 314 was born on 24 Aug 1113 in Anjou, France, died on 7 Sep 1151 at age 38, and was buried in Le Mans, France.
Fulk next married Melisende de Rethel 356 on 2 Jun 1129. Melisende died on 11 Sep 1161.
Research Notes: Second wife of Fulk V. Eldest daughter of Baldwin II, Count of Rethel.
167. Agnes de Montfort 73 (Amaury de Montfort113, Agnes d'Évreux73, Richard, Count of Évreux49, Robert II, Count of Évreux31, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1123 in <Montfort-de-Risle, Eure>, France and died on 15 Dec 1181 about age 58. Another name for Agnes was Elizabeth de Montfort.
Agnes married Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan,73 198 son of Sir Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester and Count of Meulan and Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester, about 1141 in Normandy, France. Waleran was born in 1104 in <Meulan, Île-de-France>, France, died on 10 Apr 1166 in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France at age 62, and was buried in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois
Younger twin. Twin brother was Robert de Beaumont (aka Robert Bossu).
(Duplicate Line. See Person 134)
168. Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester 13 258 259 260 261 (Ranulph II, Vicomte of Bayeux in Normandy114, Alice, of Normandy74, Richard III, Duke of Normandy50, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1070 in <Briquessart, Livry, France>, died on 17 Jan 1129 in Chester, Cheshire, England about age 59, and was buried in St Werburgh, Chester, Cheshire, England. Other names for Ranulf were Ranulph III le Meschin de Briquessart 3rd Earl of Chester, Ranulph le Meschin 1st Earl of Chester, Ranulf de Meschines Lord of Cumberland, and Vicomte of Bayeux in Normandy.
Death Notes: Death date may be 27 Jan 1128/29.
Research Notes: From thepeerage.com:
Ranulph le Meschin, 1st Earl of Chester gained the title of Vicomte de Bayeux [Normandy].3 He was also known as Ranulph de Briquessart.3 He succeeded to the title of Vicomte d'Avranches [Normandy] on 25 November 1120.3 He was created 1st Earl of Chester [England] in 1121.3 He was Commander of the Royal forces in Normandy in 1124.
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From Wikipedia - Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester :
Ranulf le Meschin, Ranulf de Briquessart or Ranulf I [Ranulph, Ralph] (died 1129) was a late 11th- and early 12th-century Norman magnate based in northern and central England. Originating in Bessin in Normandy, Ranulf made his career in England thanks to his kinship with Hugh d'Avranches , the earl of Chester, the patronage of kings William II Rufus and Henry I Beauclerc , and his marriage to Lucy , heiress of the Bolingbroke-Spalding estates in Lincolnshire.
Ranulf fought in Normandy on behalf of Henry I, and served the English king as a kind of semi-independent governor in the far north-west, Cumberland and Westmorland , before attaining the palatine county of Chester on the Anglo-Welsh marches in 1120. He held this position for the remainder of his life, and passed the title on to his son.
Family and origins
Ranulf was the son of Ranulf de Briquessart , viscount of the Bessin, and likely for this reason the former Ranulf was styled le Meschin, "the younger".[2] His mother was Matilda, daughter of Richard, viscount of the Avranchin . We know from an entry in the Durham Liber Vitae , c. 1098 x 1120, that he had an older brother named Richard (who died in youth), and a younger brother named William.[3] He had a sister called Agnes, who later married Robert de Grandmesnil (died 1136).[2]
Ranulf's earliest appearance in extant historical records was 24 April 1089 , the date of a charter of Robert Curthose , Duke of Normandy , to Bayeux Cathedral .[2] Ranulf, as "Ranulf son of Ranulf the viscount", was one of the charter's witnesses.[2] He appeared again in the sources, c. 1093/4, as a witness to the foundation charter of Chester Abbey , granted by his uncle Hugh d'Avranches , palantine count ("earl") of Chester.[2] Between 1098 and 1101, probably in 1098, Ranulf became a major English landowner in his own right when he became the third husband of Lucy , heiress of the honour of Bolingbroke in Lincolnshire.[4] This acquisition also brought him the lordship of Appleby in Cumberland , previously held by Lucy's second husband Ivo Taillebois .[2]
Lord of Cumberland and Westmorland
A charter issued in 1124 by David I , King of the Scots , to Robert I de Brus granting the latter the lordship of Annandale recorded that Ranulf was remembered as holding lordship of Carlisle and Cumberland, holding with the same semi-regal rights by which Robert was to hold Annandale .[2] A source from 1212 attests that the jurors of Cumberland remembered Ranulf as quondam dominus Cumberland ("sometime Lord of Cumberland").[5] Ranulf possessed the power and in some respects the dignity of a semi-independent earl in the region, though he lacked the formal status of being called such. A contemporary illustration of this authority is one charter in the records of Wetheral Priory , which recorded Ranulf addressing his own sheriff, "Richer" (probably Richard de Boivill).[6]
Ivo Taillebois, when he married Ranulf's future wife Lucy, had acquired her Lincolnshire lands; sometime after 1086 he acquired authority in Westmorland and Kendal . Adjacent lands in Lancashire and Westmorland, previously controlled by Earl Tostig Godwinson , were probably carved up in the 1080s by the king, between Roger the Poitevin and Ivo, a territorial division at least partially responsible for the later boundaries between the two counties.[7] Norman lordship in the heartland of Cumberland dates to around 1092, the year King William Rufus seized the region from its previous ruler, Dolfin.[8] There is inconclusive evidence that this happened around the same time as William II's expedition to Carlisle, and that settlers from Ivo's Lincolnshire lands came into Cumberland as a result.[9]
When Ranulf acquired Ivo's authority, or an extended version of it, is not clear. Between 1094 and 1098 Lucy was married to Roger fitz Gerold de Roumare, so it is possible that this marriage was the king's way of transferring authority in the region to Roger fitz Gerold.[10] The "traditional view", and that held by the historian William Kapelle , was that Ranulf's authority in the region did not come about until 1106 or after, as a reward for Ranulf's participation in the Battle of Tinchebrai .[11] Another historian, Richard Sharpe , has recently attacked this view and argued that it probably came in or soon after 1098. Sharpe believed that Lucy was the main mechanism by which this authority changed hands here, and pointed out that Ranulf had been married to Lucy years before Tinchebrai, and that, moreover, Ranulf can be found months before Tinchebrai taking evidence from county jurors at York (which may have been responsible for parts of this partially-shired region at this point).[12]
Firm dates for Ranulf's authority in the region do however come only from 1106 and after, well into the reign of Henry I .[2] It was in 1106 that Ranulf founded a Benedictine monastic house at Wetheral , Wetheral Priory.[2] The record of the jurors of Cumberland dating to 1212 claimed that Ranulf created two baronies in the region, Burgh-by-Sands for Robert de Trevers, Ranulf's brother-in-law, and Liddel for Turgis Brandos.[13] He appears to have attempted to give Gilsland to his brother William, though its lord, "Gille", held out; later the lordship of Allerdale (also called Egremont or Copeland ) was given to William.[14] Kirklinton may have been given to Richard de Boivill, Ranulf's sheriff.[2]
Earl of Chester
Marriage to the a great heiress came only with royal patronage, which in turn came only through having royal respect and trust. Ranulf was however not recorded often at the court of Henry I, and did not form part of the king's closest group of administrative advisers.[15] He was however one of the king's military companions, and served under Henry as an officer of the royal household when the latter was on campaign; Ranulf was in fact one of his three commanders at the Battle of Tinchebrai, where he led the vanguard of Henry's army, and was often in Normandy when the king's interests were threatened there.[16] He is found serving as a royal justice in both 1106 and 1116. Later in his career, 1123-4, he commanded the king's garrison at Évreux during the war with William Clito , and in March 1124 he assisted in the capture of Waleran, Count of Meulan .[2]
The death of Richard , count-palatine of Chester in the White Ship Disaster of 1120 near Barfleur , paved the way for Ranulf's elevation to comital rank.[2] Merely four days before the disaster, Ranulf and his cousin Richard had witnessed a charter together at Cerisy .[2] Henry recognized Ranulf as Richard's successor to the county of Chester.[2] Ranulf's accession may have involved him giving up many of his other lands, including much of his wife's Lincolnshire lands and his land in Cumbria, though direct evidence for this beyond convenient timing is lacking.[17] Richard Sharpe suggested that Ranulf may have had to sell much land in order to pay the king for the palatine-county of Chester, though it could not have covered the whole fee, as Ranulf's son Ranulf de Gernon , when he succeeded his father to Chester in 1129, owed the king Ł1000 "from his father's debt for the land of Earl Hugh".[18]
Ranulf died in January 1129, and was buried in Chester Abbey.[2] He was survived by his wife and countess, Lucy, and succeeded by his son Ranulf de Gernon.[2] A daughter, Alicia, married Richard de Clare , a lord in the Anglo-Welsh marches.[2]
Noted events in his life were:
• Earl of Chester: 1120-1129. following the death of his first cousin, Hugh d'Avranches, Earl of Chester
• Commander of the Royal Forces in Normandy: 1124.
Ranulf married Lucy, of Bolingbroke,357 358 359 daughter of Thorold, Sheriff of Lincoln and < > Malet, about 1098. Lucy was born about 1070 in <Spalding, Lincolnshire>, England and died about 1136 about age 66. Another name for Lucy was Lucia.
Death Notes: Wikipedia has d. abt 1138
Research Notes: Husbands:
Ivo de Tailbois
Roger Fitz Gerold
Ranulph III le Meschin, de Briquessart
From Wikipedia - Lucy of Bolingbroke :
Lucy (died c. 1138), sometimes called Lucy of Bolingbroke[1] was an Anglo-Norman heiress in central England and, later in life, countess-consort of Chester . Probably related to the old English earls of Mercia , she came to possess extensive lands in Lincolnshire which she passed on to her husbands and sons. She was a notable religious patron, founding or co-founding two small religious houses and endowing several with lands and churches.
Ancestry
A charter of Crowland Abbey , now thought to be spurious, described Thorold of Bucknall, perhaps the same as her probable father Thorold of Lincoln, as a brother of Godgifu (Godiva), wife of Leofric, Earl of Mercia .[2] The same charter contradicted itself on the matter, proceeding to style Godgifu's son (by Leofric), Ćlfgar, as Thorold's cognatus (cousin).[3] Another later source, from Coventry Abbey , made Lucy the sister of Earls Edwin and Morcar Leofricsson , while two other unreliable sources, the Chronicle of Abbot Ingmund of Crowland and the Peterbrough Chronicle also make Lucy the daughter of Earl Ćlfgar.[3] Keats-Rohan's explanation for these accounts is that they were ill-informed and were confusing Lucy with her ancestor, William Malet's mother, who was in some manner related to the family of Godgifu.[3]
Although there is much confusion about Lucy's ancestry in earlier writings, recent historians tend to believe that she was the daughter of Thorold, sheriff of Lincoln , by a daughter of William Malet (died 1071).[4] She inherited a huge group of estates centred on Spalding in Lincolnshire , probably inherited from both the Lincoln and the Malet family.[5] This group of estates have come to be called the "Honour of Bolingbroke ".[6]
Marriages
The heiress Lucy was married to three different husbands, all of whom died in her lifetime. The first of these was to Ivo Taillebois , a marriage which took place "around 1083".[7] Ivo took over her lands as husband, and seems in addition to have been granted estates and extensive authority in Westmorland and Cumberland .[8] Ivo died in 1094.[9]
The second marriage was to one Roger de Roumare or Roger fitz Gerold, with whom she had one son, William de Roumare (future Earl of Lincoln ), who inherited some of her land.[10] The latter was the ancestor of the de Roumare family of Westmorland.[11] Roger died in either 1097 or 1098.[12]
Sometime after this, though before 1101, she was married to Ranulf le Meschin , her last and longest marriage.[13] A son Ranulf de Gernon , succeeded his father to the earldom of Chester (which Ranulf acquired in 1121) and a daughter, Alice, married Richard de Clare .[6]
Upon her death, most of the Lincolnshire lands she inherited passed to her younger son William de Roumare, while the rest passed to Ranulf II of Chester (forty versus twenty knights' fees).[14] The 1130 pipe roll informs us that Lucy had paid King Henry I 500 marks after her last husband's death for the right not to have to remarry.[15] She died around 1138.[6]
Religious patronage
Lucy, as widowed countess, founded the convent of Stixwould in 1135, becoming, in the words of one historian, "one of the few aristocratic women of the late eleventh and twelfth centuryes to achieve the role of independent lay founder".[16] Her religious patronage however centered on Spalding Priory , a religious house for which her own family was the primary patron. This house (a monastic cell of Crowland) was founded, or re-founded, in 1085 by Lucy and her first husband Ivo Taillebois.[16]
Later, she was responsible for many endowments, for instance in the 1120s she and her third husband Earl Ranulf granted the priory the churches of Minting, Belchford and Scamblesby.[16] In 1135, Lucy, now widowed for the last time, granted the priory her own manor of Spalding for the permanent use of the monks.[16] The records indicate that Lucy went to great effort to ensure that, after her own death, her sons would honour and uphold her gifts.[17]
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1130.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 243 F i. Adelize de Gernon 23 245 348 was born about 1094 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England and died in 1128 about age 34.
+ 244 M ii. Ranulf IV, de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester 13 360 361 was born about 1100 in Gernon Castle, Normandy, France, died on 16 Dec 1153 about age 53, and was buried in St. Werburg's, Chester, Cheshire, England.
169. William le Meschin, Lord of Skipton-in-Craven, Yorkshire 13 262 263 (Ranulph II, Vicomte of Bayeux in Normandy114, Alice, of Normandy74, Richard III, Duke of Normandy50, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1100 in <Gernon Castle, Normandy, France>. Another name for William was William de Meschines.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132B-26
William married Cecily de Rumilly,13 362 daughter of Robert de Rumilly, of Molland, Devon and Unknown,. Cecily was born about 1100 in <Normandy, France>. Another name for Cecily was Cecily de Rumigny.
Research Notes: Daughter and heiress of Robert de Rumilly.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132B-26 (William le Meschin)
The child from this marriage was:
+ 245 F i. Maud la Meschine 13 363 was born about 1126 in <Harringworth, Northumberland>, England and died after 1190.
170. Renaud I, Count of Mousson, Count of Bar-le-Duc 67 265 (Ermentrude, of Burgundy116, Guillaume I de Bourgogne75, Adelais, de Normandie51, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1077 in Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, France and died on 10 Mar 1149 about age 72. Other names for Renaud were Reinald I Count of Mousson, Count of Bar-le-Duc and Renaud I kEEP Comte de Bar.
Renaud married Gisele, of Vaudemont,67 364 daughter of Gerard, of Lorraine, Count of Vaudemont and Helwide, Countess of Egisheim,. Gisele was born about 1090 in Vaudemont, Meurthe-et-Moselle, France and died after 1141. Another name for Gisele was Gisele de Vaudemont.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 246 F i. Clémence de Bar-le-Duc, Countess of Dammartin 67 365 was born about 1110 in <Dammartin, Île-de-France>, France and died after 20 Jan 1183.
171. Adelaide, of Savoy 267 (Gisele, of Burgundy117, Guillaume I de Bourgogne75, Adelais, de Normandie51, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1092 and died on 1 Aug 1154 about age 62.
Death Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 274A-25 has d. 18 Nov. 1154.
Research Notes: Second wife of Louis VI, m. April or May 1115.
Adelaide married Louis VI "the Fat", King of France Apr or May 1115 in Paris, (Île-de-France), France. Louis was born in 1081 and died on 1 Aug 1137 in Chiteau Bethizy, Paris at age 56.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 101-24
Research Notes: King of France 1108-1137, Crusader.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 117-24 and 101-24.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 247 M i. Peter, of France, Count of Montargis and Courtenay 366 was born about 1125 and died between 1179 and 1183 in Palestine.
172. Amadeus III, Count of Savoy, Maurienne and Turin 268 (Gisele, of Burgundy117, Guillaume I de Bourgogne75, Adelais, de Normandie51, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1095 in <Savoie>, France and died on 30 Aug 1148 in Cyprus about age 53. Another name for Amadeus was Amadeo III Count of Savoy.
Death Notes: FamilySearch has d. 1 Apr 1149
Amadeus married Mathilde, Comtesse d'Albon,102 367 daughter of Guigues VIII, Comte d'Albon and Mathilde, in 1123. Mathilde was born about 1116 in <Albon>, France and died after Jan 1145. Other names for Mathilde were Mahaud d'Albon and Maud Countess of Albon.
Marriage Notes: FamilySearch has m. 1120
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 274B-25 (Amadeus III)
The child from this marriage was:
+ 248 F i. Maud, of Savoy 48 326 327 was born in 1125 in <Chambéry, Savoie>, France, died on 4 Nov 1158 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 33, and was buried in Igreja Santa Cruz, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
173. Maud, of Huntingdon 200 270 271 (Judith, of Lens119, Adelaide, of Normandy, Countess of Aumale77, Robert I, Duke of Normandy52, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1074 and died in 1131 about age 57. Other names for Maud were Matilda of Huntingdon and Maude of Huntingdon.
Research Notes: Widow of Simon de St. Liz.
From Wikipedia - Maud, Countess of Huntingdon :
Maud of Northumbria (1074-1130), countess for the Honour of Huntingdon , was the daughter of Waltheof II, Earl of Northumbria and Judith of Lens , the last of the major Anglo-Saxon earls to remain powerful after the Norman conquest of England in 1066. She inherited her father's earldom of Huntingdon and married twice.
Her mother, Judith, refused to marry Simon I of St Liz, 1st Earl of Northampton . This refusal angered her uncle, King William I of England , who confiscated Judith's estates after she fled the country. Instead her daughter Maud was married to Simon of St Liz in 1090. She had a number of children with St Liz including:
Matilda of St Liz (Maud), married Robert FitzRichard and then Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester ..
Simon II de St Liz, 4th Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton .
Saint Walteof de St Liz (1100 - bt 1159 - 1160).
Her first husband died in 1109 and Maud next married King David I of Scotland in 1113. From this marriage she had one son, Henry .
The Scottish House of Dunkeld produced the remaining Earls of Huntingdon of the first creation of the title. She was succeeded to the Earldom of Huntingdon by her son Henry.
According to John of Fordun , she died in 1130 and was buried at Scone, but she appears in a charter dated 1147.
Noted events in her life were:
• Countess of Huntingdon and Northumberland:
Maud married Simon de Senlis, Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton,368 369 son of Ranulph the Rich and Unknown, about 1090. Simon died about 1110. Other names for Simon were Simon de St. Liz and Simon de Senliz Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton.
Research Notes: Crusader, son of Ranulph the Rich, a Norman.
From Wikipedia - Simon I de Senlis, Earl of Huntingdon-Northampton :
Simon I of St Liz, 1st Earl of Northampton and 1st Earl of Huntingdon[1] (died 1109) was a Norman nobleman.
He built Northampton Castle and the town walls[2]. He also built one of the three remaining Round churches in England , the The Holy Sepulchre , Sheep Street, Northampton ).
Family
He married Maud, 2nd Countess of Huntingdon . Simon de Senlis, 4th Earl of Northampton was their son. A daughter, Maud de St. Liz, married Robert Fitz Richard . Waltheof of Melrose was also a son.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 249 F i. Maud de St. Liz 236 237 238 died in 1140.
Maud next married David I "The Saint", King of Scots,370 371 son of Malcolm III Canmore, King of Scots and Saint Margaret, of Scotland, 1113 or 1114. David was born about 1083, died on 24 May 1153 in Carlisle about age 70, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, Scotland. Another name for David was Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - David I of Scotland :
David I or Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim (Modern : Daibhidh I mac [Mhaoil] Chaluim;[1] 1083 x 1085 - 24 May 1153) was a 12th-century ruler who was Prince of the Cumbrians (1113-1124) and later King of the Scots (1124-1153). The youngest son of Malcolm III and Margaret , David spent most of his childhood in Scotland , but was exiled to England temporarily in 1093. Perhaps after 1100, he became a dependent at the court of King Henry I . There he was influenced by the Norman and Anglo-French culture of the court.
When David's brother Alexander I of Scotland died in 1124, David chose, with the backing of Henry I, to take the Kingdom of Scotland (Alba ) for himself. He was forced to engage in warfare against his rival and nephew, Máel Coluim mac Alaxandair . Subduing the latter seems to have taken David ten years, a struggle that involved the destruction of Óengus , Mormaer of Moray . David's victory allowed expansion of control over more distant regions theoretically part of his Kingdom. After the death of his former patron Henry I, David supported the claims of Henry's daughter and his own niece, the former Empress-consort, Matilda , to the throne of England. In the process, he came into conflict with King Stephen and was able to expand his power in northern England, despite his defeat at the Battle of the Standard in 1138.
The term "Davidian Revolution " is used by many scholars to summarise the changes which took place in the Kingdom of Scotland during his reign. These included his foundation of burghs , implementation of the ideals of Gregorian Reform , foundation of monasteries , Normanisation of the Scottish government, and the introduction of feudalism through immigrant French and Anglo-French knights.
Childhood and flight to England
David was born at an unknown point between 1083 and 1085.[2] He was probably the eighth son of King Malcolm III , and certainly the sixth and youngest produced by Malcolm's second marriage to Queen Margaret .[3]
In 1093 King Malcolm and David's brother Edward were killed at the river Aln during an invasion of Northumberland .[4] David and his two brothers Alexander and Edgar , both future kings of Scotland, were probably present when their mother died shortly afterwards.[5] According to later medieval tradition, the three brothers were in Edinburgh when they were besieged by their uncle, Donald Bane .[6]
Donald became King of Scotland.[7] It is not certain what happened next, but an insertion in the Chronicle of Melrose states that Donald forced his three nephews into exile, although he was allied with another of his nephews, Edmund .[8] John of Fordun wrote, centuries later, that an escort into England was arranged for them by their maternal uncle Edgar Ćtheling .[9]
Intervention of William Rufus and English exile
William Rufus , King of the English, opposed Donald's accession to the northerly kingdom. He sent the eldest son of Malcolm III, David's half-brother Donnchad , into Scotland with an army. Donnchad was killed within the year,[10] and so in 1097 William sent Donnchad's half-brother Edgar into Scotland. The latter was more successful, and was crowned King by the end of 1097.[11]
During the power struggle of 1093-97, David was in England. In 1093, was probably about nine years old.[12] From 1093 until 1103 David's presence cannot be accounted for in detail, but he appears to have been in Scotland for the remainder of the 1090s. When William Rufus was killed, his brother Henry Beauclerc seized power and married David's sister, Matilda . The marriage made David the brother-in-law of the ruler of England. From that point onwards, David was probably an important figure at the English court.[13] Despite his Gaelic background, by the end of his stay in England, David had become a full-fledged Normanised prince. William of Malmesbury wrote that it was in this period that David "rubbed off all tarnish of Scottish barbarity through being polished by intercourse and friendship with us".[14]
Prince of the Cumbrians, 1113-1124
David's time as Prince of the Cumbrians marks the beginning of his life as a great territorial lord. The year of these beginnings was probably 1113, when Henry I arranged David's marriage to Matilda, Countess of Huntingdon , who was the heiress to the Huntingdon-Northampton lordship. As her husband David used the title of Earl , and there was the prospect that David's children by her would inherit all the honours borne by Matilda's father Waltheof . 1113 is the year when David, for the first time, can be found in possession of territory in what is now Scotland.
Obtaining the inheritance
David's brother, King Edgar, had visited William Rufus in May 1099 and bequeathed to David extensive territory to the south of the river Forth .[15] On 8 January 1107, Edgar died. It has been assumed that David took control of his inheritance , the southern lands bequeathed by Edgar, soon after the latter's death.[16] However, it cannot be shown that he possessed his inheritance until his foundation of Selkirk Abbey late in 1113.[17] According to Richard Oram , it was only in 1113, when Henry returned to England from Normandy, that David was at last in a position to claim his inheritance in southern "Scotland".[18]
King Henry's backing seems to have been enough to force King Alexander to recognise his younger brother's claims. This probably occurred without bloodshed, but through threat of force nonetheless.[19] David's aggression seems to have inspired resentment amongst some native Scots. A Gaelic quatrain from this period complains that:
Olc a ndearna mac Mael Colaim, It's bad what Máel Coluim's son has done;, ar cosaid re hAlaxandir, dividing us from Alexander; do-ní le gach mac rígh romhaind, he causes, like each king's son before; foghail ar faras Albain. the plunder of stable Alba. [20] If "divided from" is anything to go by, this quatrain may have been written in David's new territories in southern "Scotland".[21]
The lands in question consisted of the pre-1975 counties of Roxburghshire , Selkirkshire , Berwickshire , Peeblesshire and Lanarkshire . David, moreover, gained the title princeps Cumbrensis, "Prince of the Cumbrians ", as attested in David's charters from this era.[22] Although this was a large slice of Scotland south of the river Forth, the region of Galloway-proper was entirely outside David's control.[23]
David may perhaps have had varying degrees of overlordship in parts of Dumfriesshire , Ayrshire , Dunbartonshire and Renfrewshire .[24] In the lands between Galloway and the Principality of Cumbria, David eventually set up large-scale marcher lordships, such as Annandale for Robert de Brus, Cunningham for Hugh de Morville, and possibly Strathgryfe for Walter Fitzalan .[25]
In England
In the later part of 1113, King Henry gave David the hand of Matilda of Huntingdon, daughter and heiress of Waltheof, Earl of Northumberland . The marriage brought with it the "Honour of Huntingdon", a lordship scattered through the shires of Northampton , Huntingdon , and Bedford ; within a few years, Matilda de Senlis bore a son, whom David named Henry after his patron.[26]
The new territories which David controlled were a valuable supplement to his income and manpower, increasing his status as one of the most powerful magnates in the Kingdom of the English. Moreover, Matilda's father Waltheof had been Earl of Northumberland , a defunct lordship which had covered the far north of England and included Cumberland and Westmorland , Northumberland -proper, as well as overlordship of the bishopric of Durham. After King Henry's death, David would revive the claim to this earldom for his son Henry.[27]
David's activities and whereabouts after 1114 are not always easy to trace. He spent much of his time outside his principality, in England and in Normandy. Despite the death of his sister on 1 May 1118, David still possessed the favour of King Henry when his brother Alexander died in 1124, leaving Scotland without a king.[28]
Political and military events in Scotland during David's kingship
Michael Lynch and Richard Oram portray David as having little initial connection with the culture and society of the Scots;[29] but both likewise argue that David became increasingly re-Gaelicised in the later stages of his reign.[30] Whatever the case, David's claim to be heir to the Scottish kingdom was doubtful. David was the youngest of eight sons of the fifth from last king. Two more recent kings had produced sons. William fitz Duncan , son of King Donnchad II, and Máel Coluim , son of the last king Alexander, both preceded David in terms of the slowly emerging principles of primogeniture . However, unlike David, neither William nor Máel Coluim had the support of Henry. So when Alexander died in 1124, the aristocracy of Scotland could either accept David as King, or face war with both David and Henry I.[31]
Coronation and struggle for the kingdom
Alexander's son Máel Coluim chose war. Orderic Vitalis reported that Máel Coluim mac Alaxandair "affected to snatch the kingdom from [David], and fought against him two sufficiently fierce battles; but David, who was loftier in understanding and in power and wealth, conquered him and his followers".[32] Máel Coluim escaped unharmed into areas of Scotland not yet under David's control, and in those areas gained shelter and aid.[33]
In either April or May of the same year David was crowned King of Scotland (Gaelic : rí(gh) Alban; Latin : rex Scottorum )[34] at Scone . If later Scottish and Irish evidence can be taken as evidence, the ceremony of coronation was a series of elaborate traditional rituals,[35] of the kind infamous in the Anglo-French world of the 12th century for their "unchristian" elements.[36] Ailred of Rievaulx, friend and one time member of David's court, reported that David "so abhorred those acts of homage which are offered by the Scottish nation in the manner of their fathers upon the recent promotion of their kings, that he was with difficulty compelled by the bishops to receive them".[37]
Outside his "Cumbrian" principality and the southern fringe of Scotland-proper, David exercised little power in the 1120s, and in the words of Richard Oram, was "king of Scots in little more than name".[38] He was probably in that part of Scotland he did rule for most of the time between late 1127 and 1130.[39] However, he was at the court of Henry in 1126 and in early 1127,[40] and returned to Henry's court in 1130, serving as a judge at Woodstock for the treason trial of Geoffrey de Clinton .[39] It was in this year that David's wife, Matilda of Huntingdon, died. Possibly as a result of this,[41] and while David was still in southern England,[42] Scotland-proper rose up in arms against him.
The instigator was, again, his nephew Máel Coluim, who now had the support of Óengus of Moray . King Óengus was David's most powerful "vassal", a man who, as grandson of King Lulach of Scotland , even had his own claim to the kingdom. The rebel Scots had advanced into Angus , where they were met by David's Mercian constable , Edward ; a battle took place at Stracathro near Brechin . According to the Annals of Ulster , 1000 of Edward's army, and 4000 of Óengus' army, including Óengus himself, died.[43]
According to Orderic Vitalis, Edward followed up the killing of Óengus by marching north into Moray itself, which, in Orderic's words, "lacked a defender and lord"; and so Edward, "with God's help obtained the entire duchy of that extensive district".[44] However, this was far from the end of it. Máel Coluim escaped, and four years of continuing "civil war" followed; for David this period was quite simply a "struggle for survival".[45]
It appears that David asked for and obtained extensive military aid from his patron, King Henry. Ailred of Rievaulx related that at this point a large fleet and a large army of Norman knights, including Walter l'Espec, were sent by Henry to Carlisle in order to assist David's attempt to root out his Scottish enemies.[46] The fleet seems to have been used in the Irish Sea , the Firth of Clyde and the entire Argyll coast, where Máel Coluim was probably at large among supporters. In 1134 Máel Coluim was captured and imprisoned in Roxburgh Castle .[47] Since modern historians no longer confuse him with Malcolm MacHeth , it is clear that nothing more is ever heard of Máel Coluim mac Alaxadair, except perhaps that his sons were later allied with Somerled .[48]
Pacification of the west and north
Richard Oram puts forward the suggestion that it was during this period that David granted Walter fitz Alan the kadrez of Strathgryfe , with northern Kyle and the area around Renfrew , forming what would become the "Stewart" lordship of Strathgryfe; he also suggests that Hugh de Morville may have gained the kadrez of Cunningham and the settlement of "Strathyrewen" (i.e. Irvine ). This would indicate that the 1130-34 campaign had resulted in the acquisition of these territories.[49]
How long it took to pacify Moray is not known, but in this period David appointed his nephew William fitz Duncan to succeed Óengus, perhaps in compensation for the exclusion from the succession to the Scottish throne caused by the coming of age of David's son Henry . William may have been given the daughter of Óengus in marriage, cementing his authority in the region. The burghs of Elgin and Forres may have been founded at this point, consolidating royal authority in Moray.[50] David also founded Urquhart Priory , possibly as a "victory monastery", and assigned to it a percentage of his cain (tribute) from Argyll.[51]
During this period too, a marriage was arranged between the son of Matad, Mormaer of Atholl , and the daughter of Haakon Paulsson , Earl of Orkney . The marriage temporarily secured the northern frontier of the Kingdom, and held out the prospect that a son of one of David's Mormaers could gain Orkney and Caithness for the Kingdom of Scotland. Thus, by the time Henry I died on 1 December 1135, David had more of Scotland under his control than ever before.[52]
Dominating the north
While fighting King Stephen and attempting to dominate northern England in the years following 1136, David was continuing his drive for control of the far north of Scotland. In 1139, his cousin, the five year old Harald Maddadsson , was given the title of "Earl" and half the lands of the earldom of Orkney , in addition to Scottish Caithness. Throughout the 1140s Caithness and Sutherland were brought back under the Scottish zone of control.[53] Sometime before 1146 David appointed a native Scot called Aindréas to be the first Bishop of Caithness , a bishopric which was based at Halkirk , near Thurso , in an area which was ethnically Scandinavian.[54]
In 1150, it looked like Caithness and the whole earldom of Orkney were going to come under permanent Scottish control. However, David's plans for the north soon began to encounter problems. In 1151, King Eystein II of Norway put a spanner in the works by sailing through the waterways of Orkney with a large fleet and catching the young Harald unawares in his residence at Thurso. Eystein forced Harald to pay fealty as a condition of his release. Later in the year David hastily responded by supporting the claims to the Orkney earldom of Harald's rival Erlend Haraldsson , granting him half of Caithness in opposition to Harald. King Eystein responded in turn by making a similar grant to this same Erlend, cancelling the effect of David's grant. David's weakness in Orkney was that the Norwegian kings were not prepared to stand back and let him reduce their power.[55]
England
David's relationship with England and the English crown in these years is usually interpreted in two ways. Firstly, his actions are understood in relation to his connections with the King of England. No historian is likely to deny that David's early career was largely manufactured by King Henry I of England. David was the latter's "greatest protégé",[56] one of Henry's "new men".[57] His hostility to Stephen can be interpreted as an effort to uphold the intended inheritance of Henry I, the succession of his daughter, Matilda , the former Empress of the Holy Roman Empire. David carried out his wars in her name, joined her when she arrived in England, and later knighted her son, the future Henry II .[58]
However, David's policy towards England can be interpreted in an additional way. David was the independence-loving king trying to build a "Scoto-Northumbrian" realm by seizing the most northerly parts of the English kingdom. In this perspective, David's support for Matilda is used as a pretext for land-grabbing. David's maternal descent from the House of Wessex and his son Henry's maternal descent from the English Earls of Northumberland is thought to have further encouraged such a project, a project which only came to an end after Henry II ordered David's child successor Máel Coluim IV to hand over the most important of David's gains. It is clear that neither one of these interpretations can be taken without some weight being given to the other.[59]
Usurpation of Stephen and First Treaty of Durham
Henry I had arranged his inheritance to pass to his daughter Empress Matilda . Instead, Stephen , younger brother of Theobald II, Count of Blois , seized the throne.[60] David had been the first lay person to take the oath to uphold the succession of Matilda in 1127, and when Stephen was crowned on 22 December 1135, David decided to make war.[61]
Before December was over, David marched into northern England, and by the end of January he had occupied the castles of Carlisle , Wark , Alnwick , Norham and Newcastle . By February David was at Durham, but an army led by King Stephen met him there. Rather than fight a pitched battle, a treaty was agreed whereby David would retain Carlisle, while David's son Henry was re-granted the title and half the lands of the earldom of Huntingdon, territory which had been confiscated during David's revolt. On Stephen's side he received back the other castles; and while David would do no homage, Stephen was to receive the homage of Henry for both Carlisle and the other English territories. Stephen also gave the rather worthless but for David face-saving promise that if he ever chose to resurrect the defunct earldom of Northumberland, Henry would be given first consideration. Importantly, the issue of Matilda was not mentioned. However, the first Durham treaty quickly broke down after David took insult at the treatment of his son Henry at Stephen's court.[62]
Renewal of war and Clitheroe
When the winter of 1136-37 was over, David again invaded England. The King of the Scots confronted a northern English army waiting for him at Newcastle. Once more pitched battle was avoided, and instead a truce was agreed until November. When November fell, David demanded that Stephen hand over the whole of the old earldom of Northumberland. Stephen's refusal led to David's third invasion, this time in January 1138.[63]
The army which invaded England in the January and February 1138 shocked the English chroniclers. Richard of Hexham called it "an execrable army, savager than any race of heathen yielding honour to neither God nor man" and that it "harried the whole province and slaughtered everywhere folk of either sex, of every age and condition, destroying, pillaging and burning the vills, churches and houses".[64] Several doubtful stories of cannibalism were recorded by chroniclers, and these same chroniclers paint a picture of routine enslavings, as well as killings of churchmen, women and infants.[65]
By February King Stephen marched north to deal with David. The two armies avoided each other, and Stephen was soon on the road south. In the summer David split his army into two forces, sending William fitz Duncan to march into Lancashire , where he harried Furness and Craven . On 10 June, William fitz Duncan met a force of knights and men-at-arms. A pitched battle took place, the battle of Clitheroe , and the English army was routed.[66]
Battle of the Standard and Second Treaty of Durham
By later July, 1138, the two Scottish armies had reunited in "St Cuthbert's land", that is, in the lands controlled by the Bishop of Durham , on the far side of the river Tyne . Another English army had mustered to meet the Scots, this time led by William, Earl of Aumale . The victory at Clitheroe was probably what inspired David to risk battle. David's force, apparently 26,000 strong and several times larger than the English army, met the English on 22 August at Cowdon Moor near Northallerton , North Yorkshire .[67]
The Battle of the Standard , as the encounter came to be called, was unsuccessful for the Scots. Afterwards, David and his surviving notables retired to Carlisle. Although the result was a defeat, it was not by any means decisive. David retained the bulk of his army and thus the power to go on the offensive again. The siege of Wark, for instance, which had been going on since January, continued until it was captured in November. David continued to occupy Cumberland as well as much of Northumberland .[68]
On 26 September Cardinal Alberic , Bishop of Ostia , arrived at Carlisle where David had called together his kingdom's nobles, abbots and bishops. Alberic was there to investigate the controversy over the issue of the Bishop of Glasgow's allegiance or non-allegiance to the Archbishop of York. Alberic played the role of peace-broker, and David agreed to a six week truce which excluded the siege of Wark. On 9 April David and Stephen's wife Matilda of Boulogne met each other at Durham and agreed a settlement. David's son Henry was given the earldom of Northumberland and was restored to the earldom of Huntingdon and lordship of Doncaster ; David himself was allowed to keep Carlisle and Cumberland. King Stephen was to retain possession of the strategically vital castles of Bamburgh and Newcastle. This effectively fulfilled all of David's war aims.[68]
Arrival of Matilda and the renewal of conflict
The settlement with Stephen was not set to last long. The arrival in England of the Empress Matilda gave David an opportunity to renew the conflict with Stephen. In either May or June, David travelled to the south of England and entered Matilda's company; he was present for her expected coronation at Westminster Abbey , though this never took place. David was there until September, when the Empress found herself surrounded at Winchester .[69]
This civil war, or "the Anarchy " as it was later called, enabled David to strengthen his own position in northern England. While David consolidated his hold on his own and his son's newly acquired lands, he also sought to expand his influence. The castles at Newcastle and Bamburgh were again brought under his control, and he attained dominion over all of England north-west of the river Ribble and Pennines , while holding the north-east as far south as the river Tyne, on the borders of the core territory of the bishopric of Durham. While his son brought all the senior barons of Northumberland into his entourage, David rebuilt the fortress of Carlisle. Carlisle quickly replaced Roxburgh as his favoured residence. David's acquisition of the mines at Alston on the South Tyne enabled him to begin minting the Kingdom of Scotland 's first silver coinage. David, meanwhile, issued charters to Shrewsbury Abbey in respect to their lands in Lancashire .[70]
Bishopric of Durham and the Archbishopric of York
However, David's successes were in many ways balanced by his failures. David's greatest disappointment during this time was his inability to ensure control of the bishopric of Durham and the archbishopric of York. David had attempted to appoint his chancellor, William Comyn, to the bishopric of Durham, which had been vacant since the death of Bishop Geoffrey Rufus in 1140. Between 1141 and 1143, Comyn was the de facto bishop, and had control of the bishop's castle; but he was resented by the chapter . Despite controlling the town of Durham, David's only hope of ensuring his election and consecration was gaining the support of the Papal legate, Henry of Blois , Bishop of Winchester and brother of King Stephen. Despite obtaining the support of the Empress Matilda, David was unsuccessful and had given up by the time William de St Barbara was elected to the see in 1143.[71]
David also attempted to interfere in the succession to the archbishopric of York. William FitzHerbert , nephew of King Stephen, found his position undermined by the collapsing political fortune of Stephen in the north of England, and was deposed by the Pope. David used his Cistercian connections to build a bond with Henry Murdac , the new archbishop. Despite the support of Pope Eugenius III , supporters of King Stephen and William FitzHerbert managed to prevent Henry taking up his post at York. In 1149, Henry had sought the support of David. David seized on the opportunity to bring the archdiocese under his control, and marched on the city. However, Stephen's supporters became aware of David's intentions, and informed King Stephen. Stephen therefore marched to the city and installed a new garrison. David decided not to risk such an engagement and withdrew.[72] Richard Oram has conjectured that David's ultimate aim was to bring the whole of the ancient kingdom of Northumbria into his dominion. For Oram, this event was the turning point, "the chance to radically redraw the political map of the British Isles lost forever".[73]
Scottish Church
Historical treatment of David I and the Scottish church usually emphasises David's pioneering role as the instrument of diocesan reorganisation and Norman penetration, beginning with the bishopric of Glasgow while David was Prince of the Cumbrians, and continuing further north after David acceded to the throne of Scotland. Focus too is usually given to his role as the defender of the Scottish church's independence from claims of overlordship by the Archbishop of York and the Archbishop of Canterbury .
Ecclesiastical disputes
One of the first problems David had to deal with as king was an ecclesiastical dispute with the English church. The problem with the English church concerned the subordination of Scottish sees to the archbishops of York and/or Canterbury, an issue which since his election in 1124 had prevented Robert of Scone from being consecrated to the see of St Andrews (Cell Ríghmonaidh). It is likely that since the 11th century the bishopric of St Andrews functioned as a de facto archbishopric. The title of "Archbishop" is accorded in Scottish and Irish sources to Bishop Giric [82] and Bishop Fothad II .[83]
The problem was that this archiepiscopal status had not been cleared with the papacy, opening the way for English archbishops to claim overlordship of the whole Scottish church. The man responsible was the new aggressively assertive Archbishop of York, Thurstan . His easiest target was the bishopric of Glasgow, which being south of the river Forth was not regarded as part of Scotland nor the jurisdiction of St Andrews. In 1125, Pope Honorius II wrote to John, Bishop of Glasgow ordering him to submit to the archbishopric of York.[84] David ordered Bishop John of Glasgow to travel to the Apostolic See in order to secure a pallium which would elevate the bishopric of St Andrews to an archbishopric with jurisdiction over Glasgow.[85]
Thurstan travelled to Rome, as did the Archbishop of Canterbury, William de Corbeil , and both presumably opposed David's request. David however gained the support of King Henry, and the Archbishop of York agreed to a year's postponement of the issue and to consecrate Robert of Scone without making an issue of subordination.[86] York's claim over bishops north of the Forth were in practice abandoned for the rest of David's reign, although York maintained her more credible claims over Glasgow.[87]
In 1151, David again requested a pallium for the Archbishop of St Andrews. Cardinal John Paparo met David at his residence of Carlisle in September 1151. Tantalisingly for David, the Cardinal was on his way to Ireland with four pallia to create four new Irish archbishoprics. When the Cardinal returned to Carlisle, David made the request. In David's plan, the new archdiocese would include all the bishoprics in David's Scottish territory, as well as bishopric of Orkney and the bishopric of the Isles . Unfortunately for David, the Cardinal does not appear to have brought the issue up with the papacy. In the following year the papacy dealt David another blow by creating the archbishopric of Trondheim, a new Norwegian archbishopric embracing the bishoprics of the Isles and Orkney.[88]
Succession and death
Perhaps the greatest blow to David's plans came on 12 July 1152 when Henry, Earl of Northumberland, David's only son and successor, died. He had probably been suffering from some kind of illness for a long time. David had under a year to live, and he may have known that he was not going to be alive much longer. David quickly arranged for his grandson Máel Coluim to be made his successor, and for his younger grandson William to be made Earl of Northumberland. Donnchad I, Mormaer of Fife , the senior magnate in Scotland-proper, was appointed as rector, or regent , and took the 11 year-old Máel Coluim around Scotland-proper on a tour to meet and gain the homage of his future Gaelic subjects. David's health began to fail seriously in the Spring of 1153, and on 24 May 1153, David died.[89] In his obituary in the Annals of Tigernach , he is called Dabíd mac Mail Colaim, rí Alban & Saxan, "David, son of Máel Coluim, King of Scotland and England", a title which acknowledged the importance of the new English part of David's realm.[90]
Monastic patronage
David was one of medieval Scotland's greatest monastic patrons. In 1113, in perhaps David's first act as Prince of the Cumbrians, he founded Selkirk Abbey for the Tironensians .[118] David founded more than a dozen new monasteries in his reign, patronising various new monastic orders.[119]
Not only were such monasteries an expression of David's undoubted piety, but they also functioned to transform Scottish society. Monasteries became centres of foreign influence,, and provided sources of literate men, able to serve the crown's growing administrative needs.[120] These new monasteries, and the Cistercian ones in particular, introduced new agricultural practices.[121] Cistercian labour, for instance, transformed southern Scotland into one of northern Europe's most important sources of sheep wool.[122]
Noted events in his life were:
• Prince of the Cumbrians: 1113-1124.
• Crowned: King of Scots, 23 Apr 1124, Scone, (Perth and Kinross), Scotland. King of Scots 23 Apr. 1124-1153.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 250 M i. Henry, of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon 200 302 was born in 1114 and died on 12 Jun 1152 at age 38.
174. Alice Huntingdon 52 123 (Judith, of Lens119, Adelaide, of Normandy, Countess of Aumale77, Robert I, Duke of Normandy52, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1085 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died after 1126. Other names for Alice were Adelise and Adeliza Huntingdon.
Alice married Ralph de Toeni, de Conches,52 son of Ralph de Toeni, de Conches and Isabel de Montfort, in 1103 in England. Ralph was born about 1079 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England, died about 1126 in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France about age 47, and was buried in Conches, Seine-et-Marne, France. Another name for Ralph was Ralph de Conches.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 54)
175. Margaret, of Hereford 274 (Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died in 1146. Other names for Margaret were Margaret de Gloucester and Margery of Hereford.
Margaret married Humphrey III de Bohun, Baron de Bohun, Lord of Hereford,372 373 374 son of Humphrey II "the Great" de Bohun, Lord of Bohun and Maud d'Evreux,. Humphrey was born about 1057 and died about 1129 about age 72. Another name for Humphrey was Humphrey "the Magnificent" de Bohun Lord of Bohun.
Research Notes: From Magna Charta Barons, p. 80:
"Humphrey de Bohun, eldest son and heir, who was steward and sewer to King Henry I. At the instigation of his father-in-law he espoused the cause of the Empress Maud and her son against King Stephen, and so faithfully maintained his allegiance that the Emress, by her especial charter, granted him the office of steward and sewer, in both Normandy and England. In 20 Henry II. he accompanied Richard de Lacie, Justiciary of England, into Scotland, with an army, to waste the country; and was one of the witnesses to the accord made by William of Scotland and Henry of England, as to the subjection of Scotland to the crown of England.
"This feudal Baron m. Margery, daughter and coheiress of Milo de Gloucester, first Earl of Hereford, lord high constable of England, whose charter was the earliest of express creation, the patent being dated in 1140, and, dying April 6, 1187, had issue: Humphrey de Bohun [IV]."
Noted events in his life were:
• Steward and sewer: to King Henry I.
• Steward and sewer: to Empress Maud.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 251 M i. Humphrey IV de Bohun, Baron de Bohun, Lord of Hereford 375 376 died about 1182.
176. Bertha, of Hereford 45 273 275 (Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1130 in <Gloucester, Gloucestershire, > England. Other names for Bertha were Bertha de Pitres and Bertha de Gloucester.
Bertha married William de Braose, 3rd Lord of Bramber,45 377 378 son of Philip de Braose, 2nd Lord of Bramber, Sussex and Aenor de Totenais, about 1150. William was born about 1100 in Brecon, Breconshire, (Powys), Wales and died about 1193 in England about age 93. Another name for William was William de Braose of Brecknock, Abergavenney and Gower.
Research Notes: Eldest son fo Philip de Braose.
From Wikipedia - William de Braose, 3rd Lord of Bramber :
William de Braose, Third Lord of Bramber (born 1112 in Brecon ) (d. ca. 1192) was the eldest son of Philip de Braose , Second Lord of Bramber.
Family and early career
William was born into a second generation English Norman dynasty holding Lordships and land in Sussex at Bramber , also at Totnes in Devon and Radnor and Builth in the Welsh Marches of Wales . He maintained his Sussex lands and titles, extended St Mary de Haura Church in Shoreham and contributed to a priory at Sele, West Sussex . His mother was Aenor Fitz Judhel of Totnes.
He also inherited one half of the honour of Barnstaple in Devon , paying a fee of 1000 marks for the privilege.
William married Bertha de Pitres , also known as Bertha de Hereford , daughter of Miles of Gloucester , Earl of Hereford . Through this marriage, William acquired lordships of Brecon and Abergavenny in 1166 because Bertha's four brothers all died young without heirs.
These vast land holdings greatly expanded the territorial power and income of the de Braose dynasty. They now held the Middle March with extensive interests in Sussex and Devon.
William's younger brother Phillip accompanied King Henry II to Ireland , receiving in 1172 the honour of Limerick .
Marcher titles
In 1174, William became sheriff of Hereford . He died in about 1192 and was succeeded as Lord of Bramber by his son, William . He had also fathered two daughters, Maud and Sibilla, who married well and possibly a later son, named John.
Noted events in his life were:
• 1st Baron of Gwentland:
• Acquired: lordships of Brecon and Abergavenny, 1166. upon the death of his wife's fourth and last brother. (Her brothers all died without heirs.)
• Sheriff of Hereford: 1174.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 252 F i. Bertha de Braose 45 was born about 1151 in Bramber, Sussex, England.
+ 253 F ii. Sibyl de Braose 73 379 was born about 1157 in Bramber, Sussex, England and died after 5 Feb 1228 in England.
+ 254 M iii. William de Braose, 5th Lord de Braose 165 380 was born about 1175 in <Bramber, Sussex>, England, died on 9 Aug 1211 in Corbeil near Paris, Marne, France about age 36, and was buried on 10 Aug 1211 in France.
177. Richard FitzMiles, 2nd Earl of Hereford 273 (Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
178. Walter de Hereford (Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died after 1159 in Palestine.
Noted events in his life were:
• Sheriff of Gloucester: 1155-1157.
• Sheriff of Hereford: 1155-1159.
179. Henry FitzMiles (Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died on 12 Apr 1165. Another name for Henry was Henry of Hereford.
180. William, de Hereford 273 (Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died before 1160.
181. Mahel, de Hereford 273 (Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died in Oct 1165 in Bronllys Castle, Breconshire, Wales and was buried in Llanthony Priory, Monmouthshire, Wales.
182. Maud, of Hereford 276 (Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
183. Lucy, of Hereford 273 277 (Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died after 1220 and was buried in Chapter House of Lanthony, near Gloucester. Another name for Lucy was Lucy of Gloucester.
Research Notes: Heir to a 1/3 interest in the barony of her father.
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1220.
• Lady of Blaen Llyfni and Bwlch y Dinas:
13th Generation 184. Roger de Toeni 52 (Ralph de, de Conches121, Roger de, de Conches79, Ralph de, de Conches54, Ralph de, de Conches34, Roger "the Spaniard" de23, Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1156 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died about Jan 1209 about age 53.
Roger married Constance de Beaumont,165 daughter of Richard de Beaumont and Unknown,. Constance was born about 1202 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died after 1226.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 255 M i. Ralph de Toeni 52 was born about 1190 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died about 29 Sep 1239 about age 49.
185. Amice de Gael de Montfort 6 182 197 (Ralph de Gael de Montfort122, Ralph de Gael, 1st Earl of Norfolk, Suffolk & Cambridge80, Emma FitzOsbern55, Alice de Toeni35, Roger "the Spaniard" de23, Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1108 and died 31 Aug 1168 or 1169 about age 60. Other names for Amice were Amice de Gael, Amicia, and Amice de Montfort.
Amice married Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester,6 196 197 son of Sir Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester and Count of Meulan and Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester, after 1120. Robert was born in 1104 in <Leicester>, Leicestershire, England, died on 5 Apr 1168 in England at age 64, and was buried in Leicester Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England. Another name for Robert was Robert "Bossu" de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois -
Younger twin of Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan. Nicknamed Robert Bossu (the Humpback).
From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester :
Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester (1104 - 5 April 1168 ) was Justiciar of England 1155-1168.
The surname "de Beaumont" is given him by genealogists. The only known contemporary surname applied to him is "Robert son of Count Robert". Henry Knighton, the fourteenth-century chronicler notes him as Robert "Le Bossu" (meaning "Robert the Hunchback" in French ).
Early Life and Education
Robert was an English nobleman of Norman-French ancestry. He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan and 1st Earl of Leicester and Elizabeth de Vermandois . He was the twin brother of Waleran de Beaumont . There is no knowing whether they were identical or fraternal twins, but the fact that they are remarked on by contemporaries as twins indicates that they probably were in fact identical.
The two brothers, Robert and Waleran, were adopted into the royal household shortly after their father's death in June 1118 (upon which Robert inherited his father's second titles of Earl of Leicester). Their lands on either side of the Channel were committed to a group of guardians, led by their stepfather, William earl of Warenne or Surrey . They accompanied King Henry I to Normandy , to meet with Pope Callixtus II in 1119 , when the king incited them to debate philosophy with the cardinals . Both twins were literate, and Abingdon Abbey later claimed to have been Robert's school, but though this is possible, its account is not entirely trustworthy. A surviving treatise on astronomy (British Library ms Royal E xxv) carries a dedication "to Earl Robert of Leicester, that man of affairs and profound learning, most accomplished in matters of law" who can only be this Robert. On his death he left his own psalter to the abbey he founded at Leicester, which was still in its library in the late fifteenth century. The existence of this indicates that like many noblemen of his day, Robert followed the canonical hours in his chapel.
Career at the Norman Court
In 1120 Robert was declared of age and inherited most of his father's lands in England, while his twin brother took the French lands. However in 1121 , royal favour brought Robert the great Norman honors of Breteuil and Pacy-sur-Eure , with his marriage to Amice de Montfort , daughter of a Breton intruder the king had forced on the honor after the forfeiture of the Breteuil family in 1119 . Robert spent a good deal of his time and resources over the next decade integrating the troublesome and independent barons of Breteuil into the greater complex of his estates. He did not join in his brother's great Norman rebellion against King Henry I in 1123 -. He appears fitfully at the royal court despite his brother's imprisonment until 1129 . Thereafter the twins were frequently to be found together at Henry I's court.
Robert held lands throughout the country. In the 1120s and 1130s he tried to rationalise his estates in Leicestershire. Leicestershire estates of the See of Lincoln and the Earl of Chester were seized by force. This enhanced the integrity of Robert's block of estates in the central midlands, bounded by Nuneaton , Loughborough , Melton Mowbray and Market Harborough .
In 1135 , the twins were present at King Henry's deathbed. Robert's actions in the succession period are unknown, but he clearly supported his brother's decision to join the court of the new king Stephen before Easter 1136 . During the first two years of the reign Robert is found in Normandy fighting rival claimants for his honor of Breteuil. Military action allowed him to add the castle of Pont St-Pierre to his Norman estates in June 1136 at the expense of one of his rivals. From the end of 1137 Robert and his brother were increasingly caught up in the politics of the court of King Stephen in England, where Waleran secured an ascendancy which lasted till the beginning of 1141. Robert participated in his brother's political coup against the king's justiciar, Roger of Salisbury (the Bishop of Salisbury ).
...
Family and children
He married after 1120 Amice de Montfort , daughter of Ralph, senior of Gael or Montfort . They had four children:
Hawise, who married William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester ;
Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester ;
Isabel, who married with:
Simon II of St Liz, 4th Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton ;
Gervase Paynel of Dudley.
Margaret, who married Ralph V de Toeni
Literary references
He is a minor character in The Holy Thief, one of the Brother Cadfael series by Ellis Peters .
Notes
^ a b c Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 69
References
Noted events in his life were:
• Knighted: 1122.
• Justiciar of England: 1155-1168.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 133)
186. Ragnhild Olafsdatter 13 (Ingebiorg Hakonsdatter123, Haakon82, Paul, Jarl of Orkney and Caithness57, Thorfinn II "the Black", Earl of Orkney37, Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1117 in <Isle of Man>.
Ragnhild married Somerled, King of the Isles,19 son of Gillebride and Unknown,. Somerled was born about 1113 in <Morven, Argyleshire, Scotland>, died on 1 Jan 1164 in Renfrew, (Renfrewshire), Scotland about age 51, and was buried in Abbey of Saddell, Kintyre, Argule, Scotland.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 256 M i. Reginald, Lord of the Isles 19 381 was born about 1148 in <Morven, Argyleshire, Scotland> and died in 1207 in Kintyre, Argyleshire, Scotland about age 59.
187. Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale 278 (Adam124, Robert de83, Ragnvald58, Brusi38, Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1071 in <Skelton, Yorkshire, England>, died on 11 May 1141 in Skelton, North Yorkshire, England about age 70, and was buried in Gisborough Priory, Guisborough, North Yorkshire, England. Other names for Robert were Robert Bruce 1st Lord of Annandale and Robert I de Brus 1st Lord of Annandale.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale :
Robert I de Brus (died 1142) was an early 12th century Norman baron and knight, the first of the Bruce dynasty of Scotland. A monastic patron, he is remembered as the founder of Gisborough Priory in Yorkshire in 1119.[1]
Family
Nothing is known of Robert's father, except that he was a landowner in Normandy.[2] An early modern historiographical tradition that he was the son of a Norman noble named Robert de Brus who came to England with William the Conqueror has been found to be without basis.[2]
Modern historians contend that Robert may have come from Brix, Manche , near Cherbourg in the Cotentin Peninsula , and came to Britain after King Henry I of England 's conquest of Normandy (i.e: at the same time as Alan fitzFlaad , ancestor of the Stewart Royal Family). David fitz Malcolm (after 1124 King David I of Scotland ), was present in France with King Henry and was granted much of the Cotentin Peninsula. It is suggested that Robert de Brus's presences and absences at Henry's court coincide with David's.
Scotland
Whatever his immediate ancestry, what is known beyond doubt is that he went to Scotland, where the new King, David , made Robert Lord of Annandale in 1124,[3]. although there is scant evidence that this Robert took up residence on his Scottish estates.
Battle of The Standard
After the death of King Henry, David turned against Henry's successor, King Stephen . As a result Robert de Brus and King David parted company, with Robert bitterly renouncing his homage to David before taking the English side at the Battle of the Standard .[4]
[edit ] Marriage
Robert is said to have married twice: (1) Agnes, daughter of Geoffrey Bainard, sheriff of York and (2) Agnes, daughter and heiress of Fulk de Pagnall, Lord of Carleton, Yorkshire[5][6]
There were two sons, but it is unclear by which spouse:
Noted events in his life were:
• Created: Lord of Annandale, 1124. by David, King of Scotland
• Founded: Gisborough Abbey, 1119, Guisborough, North Yorkshire, England.
Robert married Agnes Bainard,382 daughter of Geoffrey Bainard, Sheriff of York and Unknown,.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale:
"Robert is said to have married twice: (1) Agnes, daughter of Geoffrey Bainard, sheriff of York and (2) Agnes, daughter and heiress of Fulk de Pagnall, Lord of Carleton, Yorkshire[5][6]
There were two sons, but it is unclear by which spouse:"
Robert next married Agnes de Pagnall,219 382 daughter of Fulk de Pagnall, Lord of Carleton, Yorkshire and Unknown,. Agnes was born about 1076 in <Skelton, Yorkshire, England>. Another name for Agnes was Agnes Pagnel.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale:
"Robert is said to have married twice: (1) Agnes, daughter of Geoffrey Bainard, sheriff of York and (2) Agnes, daughter and heiress of Fulk de Pagnall, Lord of Carleton, Yorkshire[5][6]
There were two sons, but it is unclear by which spouse:"
Children from this marriage were:
+ 257 M i. Adam Brus 219 382 was born about 1101 in <Skelton, Yorkshire, England>, died in 1143 about age 42, and was buried in Gisborough Priory, Guisborough, North Yorkshire, England.
+ 258 M ii. Robert de Brus, 2nd Lord of Annandale 383 died in 1194.
188. Gillebride 19 (Imergi Somerledson125, Somerled I Gillebrideson84, Gillebride59, Gille Adoman I Gilleson39, Hvarflad Hlodversdatter26, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1080 in <Scotland>.
Gillebride married someone.
+ 259 M i. Somerled, King of the Isles 19 was born about 1113 in <Morven, Argyleshire, Scotland>, died on 1 Jan 1164 in Renfrew, (Renfrewshire), Scotland about age 51, and was buried in Abbey of Saddell, Kintyre, Argule, Scotland.
189. Otto II, Count of Chiny (Adela, de Rameru126, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died on 28 Mar 1125.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 149-23 (Adelaide of Namur)
Otto married Adelaide, of Namur,384 daughter of Albert III, Count of Namur and Ida, of Saxony,. Adelaide was born in 1068 and died in 1124 at age 56.
Research Notes: 2nd wife of Otto II, Count of Chiny
The child from this marriage was:
+ 260 F i. Ida, of Chiny and Namur 385 386 was born about 1083 and died between 1117 and 1122.
190. Maud, de Perche (Beatrix de Mondidier127, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1105 and died on 28 May 1143 at age 38. Another name for Maud was Mathilde de Perche.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 153A-24.
Maud married Raymond I, Viscount of Turenne, son of Boson I, Viscount of Turenne and Gerberge,. Raymond died about 1122. Another name for Raymond was Raimond I de Turenne.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 153A- (Maud de Perche)
The child from this marriage was:
+ 261 F i. Marguerite, de Turenne .
191. Margaret de Perche 280 (Beatrix de Mondidier127, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died after 1156. Another name for Margaret was Marguerite de Perche.
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1156.
Margaret married Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick,387 388 son of Roger de Beaumont, Lord of Beaumont-le-Roger and Pont-Audemer and Adeline, of Meulan, before 1100. Henry was born about 1046, died on 20 Jun 1123 about age 77, and was buried in Preaux Abbey, Preaux, Normandy, France. Other names for Henry were Henry de Newburgh and Henry de Neubourg.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has d. 1119 (Line 151-24, Margaret de Perche); Wikipedia has d. 20 Jun 1123.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick :
Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick (? - 20 June 1123 ) was a Norman nobleman. He is also known as Henry de Neubourg or Henry de Newburgh, from the castle of Newburg near Louviers , in Normandy where he was born.
Henry was the younger son of Roger de Beaumont and Adeline of Meulan , daughter of Waleran III, Count de Meulan . He inherited the modest lordship of La Neubourg, in central Normandy, but acquired a much greater holding in England, when, in reward for help in suppressing the Rebellion of 1088 , William II of England made him Earl of Warwick .
His name is included in the roll of the knights who came over with the William the Conqueror , but he does not appear to have been present at the Battle of Hastings . He spent the greater part of his life in Normandy , his name is not found in the Domesday Book . He took a leading role in reconciling the Conqueror with his eldest son Robert Curthose in 1081 and he stood high in the Conqueror's favour. He was the companion and friend of Henry I , and when in 1100 a division took place amongst the barons who had gathered together to choose a successor to William II, it was mainly owing to his advice that Henry was selected and when in the following year most of the barons were openly or secretly disloyal and favoured the attempt of Duke Robert to gain the Crown, he and his brother were amongst the few that remained faithful to the King.
He had many honours conferred upon him, in 1068 he was made Constable of Warwick Castle and shortly afterwards King William gave it to him together with the borough and manor. The Castle was enlarged and strengthened during the long succession of powerful lords, and it eventually became one of the most renowned of English fortresses and it remains even to-day the glory of the midland shires. The Bear and Ragged Staff was the badge of Guy the great opponent of the Danes, and Henry on his elevation to the Earldom in 1076 by William I, assumed it, and it has ever since been used by successive Earls. Odericus tells us that "he earned this honour by his valour and loyalty" and Wace speaks of him as "a brave man". He was made a Councillor by the King in 1079 and a Baron of the Exchequer in Normandy 12 April 1080 .
In 1099 he fought against the Welsh and built a castle at Abertawy , near Swansea , which was unsuccessfully attacked by the Welsh in 1113 ; he also captured the Gower Peninsula in the south of Glamorganshire . He built other castles at Penrhys , Llandhidian and Swansea in ll20 , together with the others at Oystermouth and Aberllychor , the only remains of the latter are a mound and a keep.
Some time between 1106 and 1116 he was granted the lordship of Gower in Wales .
Henry was by disposition quiet and retiring, and was overshadowed by his elder brother Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester , reputedly one of the most brilliant men in England.
He died 20 June 1123 and was buried in the Abbey at Preaux .
Family and children
He married before 1100 Marguerite, daughter of Geoffrey II of Perche and Beatrix of Montdidier , and had children:
Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick , who succeeded him as earl;
Henry de Neubourg, probably inherited Dorset and Devon estates.
Robert de Neubourg , who inherited Henry's Norman lands, and was Chief Justiciar of Normandy;
Rotrou (died 27 November 1183 ), who was Bishop of Évreux and then Archbishop of Rouen , and who was Chief Justiciar and Steward of Normandy.
Geoffroy.
Noted events in his life were:
• 1st Earl of Warwick: 1090.
• Granted: Lordship of Gower in Wales, 1107.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 262 M i. Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick 293 294 was born about 1102 and died on 12 Jun 1153 about age 51.
192. Juliana, of Mortagne and Perche 281 (Beatrix de Mondidier127, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1). Another name for Juliana was Juliana du Perche.
Juliana married Gilbert, de l'Aigle, Seigneur de l'Aigle in Normandy,389 390 son of Richer, de l'Aigle and Judith,. Another name for Gilbert was Gilbert de l'Aigle Seigneur de l'Aigle.
Noted events in his life were:
• Listed in Domesday Book: Tenant in England, 1086.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 263 F i. Marguerite, de l'Aigle 389 390 died on 25 May 1141.
193. Adelaide de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis 189 239 240 (Marguerite de Rameru128, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1058 in <Northamptonshire, England> and died in <England>. Other names for Adelaide were Alice de Claremont, Adeliza de Clermont, and Adeliza de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has b. by 1072, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019558.htm has b. 1058.
Adelaide married Gilbert FitzRichard, de Clare,162 163 164 165 son of Richard I FitzGilbert, of Clare and Tonbridge and Rohese Giffard, about 1083. Gilbert was born about 1065 in <Clare, Suffolk>, England and died about 1115 in <England> about age 50. Other names for Gilbert were Gilbert FitzRichard de Clare and Gilbert Fitz Richard Earl of Clare and Lord of Tonbridge.
Marriage Notes: FamilySearch has m. bef. 1076 in England. Thepeerage.com has m. abt 1083.
Birth Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019557.htm has b. 1065
Death Notes: http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f95/a0019557.htm has d. 1114
Research Notes: Lord of Clare, Tonbridge, and Cardigan, Wales; or Earl of Clare, Lord of Tonbridge and Cardigan.
From Wikipedia - Gilbert Fitz Richard :
Gilbert Fitz Richard (1065-1115) was son and heir of Richard Fitz Gilbert , earl of Clare, and heiress Rohese Giffard. He succeeded to his father's possessions in England in 1090; his brother, Roger Fitz Richard, inherited his father's lands in Normandy . Earl Gilbert's inheritance made him one of the wealthiest magnates in early twelfth-century England.
Gilbert may have been present at the suspicious death of William II in the New Forest in 1100. He was granted lands and the Lordship of Cardigan by Henry I , including Cardigan Castle . He and his wife Adeliza had nine children, two of whom became peers of the realm . He founded the Cluniac priory at Stoke-by-Clare, Suffolk.
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Clare, Tonbridge and Cardigan:
• Founded: Priory of Clare, 1090, Stoke-by-Clare, Suffolk, England. Cluniac priory
(Duplicate Line. See Person 111)
194. Ermentrude de Clermont 284 (Marguerite de Rameru128, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1066 in <Clermont, Beauvais, France>.
Noted events in her life were:
• Countess of Chester:
Ermentrude married Hugh d'Avranches, 1st Earl of Chester,391 392 son of Richard le Goz, Viscomte d'Avranches and Emma de Conteville,. Hugh was born about 1047 in Avranches, Normandy, France, died on 27 Jul 1101 about age 54, and was buried in Chapter House of Chester Cathedral. Other names for Hugh were Hugh Lupus d'Avranches, Hugh "Lupus" d'Avranches 1st Earl of Chester, and Hugh "the Fat" d'Avranches 1st Earl of Chester.
Research Notes: From thepeerage.com:
In 1066 he contributed 60 ships to the invasion of England, but did not fight at the Battle of Hastings.2,5 He was created 1st Earl of Chester [England] in 1071.1 He succeeded to the title of Vicomte d'Avranches after 1082.2 He founded the Abbey of St. Sever in Normandy and St. Werburg at Chester.2 On 23 July 1101 a monk.
----------
From Wikipedia - Hugh d'Avranches, 1st Earl of Chester :
Hugh d'Avranches (died 27 July 1101), called the Fat or the Wolf (Latin : Lupus, Welsh : Flaidd) was the first Earl of Chester and one of the great magnates of early Norman England .
Early career
Hugh was the son of Richard Goz, Viscount of Avranches , in the far southwest of Normandy , and inherited from his father a large estate, not just in the Avranchin but scattered throughout western Normandy.
Hugh became an important councillor of William, Duke of Normandy . He contributed sixty ships to the invasion of England , but did not fight at Hastings , instead being one of those trusted to stay behind and govern Normandy.
Earl of Chester
After William became king of England, Hugh was given the command of Tutbury Castle Staffordshire but in 1070 he was promoted to become Earl of Chester , with palatine powers in view of Cheshire 's situation on the Welsh border . Tutbury with its surrounding lands was passed to Henry de Ferrers . [1]
Hugh spent much of his time fighting savagely with his neighbours in Wales . Together with his cousin Robert of Rhuddlan he subdued a good part of northern Wales. Initially Robert of Rhuddlan held north-east Wales as a vassal of Hugh. However in 1081 Gruffydd ap Cynan King of Kingdom of Gwynedd was captured by treachery at a meeting near Corwen . Gruffydd was imprisoned by Earl Hugh in his castle at Chester, but it was Robert who took over his kingdom, holding it directly from the king. When Robert was killed by a Welsh raiding party in 1088 Hugh took over these lands, becoming ruler of most of North Wales, but he lost Anglesey and much of the rest of Gwynedd in the Welsh revolt of 1094, led by Gruffydd ap Cynan , who had escaped from captivity.
In time Hugh became so fat he could hardly walk; he is often referred to as "the Fat". The Welsh, for his brutality, called him Flaidd ("the Wolf").
Norwegian invasion
In the summer of 1098 Hugh joined with Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury in an attempt to recover his losses in Gwynedd. Gruffydd ap Cynan retreated to Anglesey, but then was forced to flee to Ireland when a fleet he had hired from the Danish settlement in Ireland changed sides. The situation was changed by the arrival of a Norwegian fleet under the command of King Magnus III of Norway , also known as Magnus Barefoot, who attacked the Norman forces near the eastern end of the Menai Straits . Earl Hugh of Shrewsbury was killed by an arrow said to have been shot by Magnus himself. The Normans were obliged to evacuate Anglesey, and the following year Gruffydd returned from Ireland to take possession again. Hugh apparently made an agreement with him and did not again try to recover these lands.
Marriage and succession
Hugh married Ermentrude of Claremont , by whom he had one son, Richard , who succeeded him. Richard married Matilda of Blois , daughter of Stephen, Count of Blois and Adela, a daughter of William the Conqueror . Both Richard and Matilda died in the White Ship disaster (1120), and Hugh was then succeeded by his nephew Ranulph le Meschin, Earl of Chester . Hugh was buried beneath the stained glass windows in the Chapter House of Chester Cathedral .
Noted events in his life were:
• Created: Earl of Chester, 1070.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 264 M i. Richard d'Avranches, 2nd Earl of Chester 393 was born in 1094 and died on 25 Nov 1120 at age 26.
+ 265 F ii. Matilda d'Avranches
195. Renaud II, Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis 67 285 286 (Marguerite de Rameru128, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1108 in Clermont, Oise, France and died about 1162 about age 54. Another name for Renaud was Renaud de Clermont.
Research Notes: Second husband of Clémence de Bar-le-Duc. Fathered at least 7 children.
Renaud married Clémence de Bar-le-Duc, Countess of Dammartin,67 365 daughter of Renaud I, Count of Mousson, Count of Bar-le-Duc and Gisele, of Vaudemont, about 1140. Clémence was born about 1110 in <Dammartin, Île-de-France>, France and died after 20 Jan 1183. Another name for Clémence was Clemence de Bar.
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1183.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 266 F i. Mathilda, of Clermont, Ponthieu & Dammartin 67 394 395 was born about 1138 in <Pontieu, Ain>, France and died after Oct 1200.
196. Alix de Rameru, Dame of Rameru 288 (Andre I de Rameru, and d'Arcis-sur-Aube129, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Alix married Erard I, Count of Brienne,396 son of Gautier I and Eustace, of Bar-sur-Seine,. Erard died in 1115.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 267 F i. Félicité de Brienne 396 died on 21 Jul 1178.
197. Renaud de Courtenay, Sire de Courtenay 131 290 (Ermengarde, de Nevers130, Renaud II de Nevers, Count of Nevers and Auxerre86, William I, Count of Nevers61, Adčle, of France, Countess of Auxerre41, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1125 in <Courtenay, Loiret>, France and died about 1190 about age 65.
Renaud married Helvis, du Donjon and Corbeil.131 397
Research Notes: First wife of Renaud de Courtenay (the elder). Sister of Frederick (or Guy) du Donjon and Corbeil
Children from this marriage were:
+ 268 F i. Elizabeth de Courtenay, Dame de Courtenay was born before 1150 and died after 1205.
+ 269 M ii. Renaud de Courtenay 398 was born about 1150, died on 27 Sep 1194 about age 44, and was buried in Ford Abbey, Devonshire, England.
+ 270 F iii. Egelina de Courtenay 131 was born about 1155 in <Colston, Nottinghamshire>, England and died about 1214 about age 59.
198. Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester 6 291 292 (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester133, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1121 in Beaumont, France and died on 31 Aug 1190 in Durazzo, West Albania about age 69. Another name for Robert was Robert "Blanchemains" de Harcourt 3rd Earl of Leicester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester
Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester (died 1190 ) was an English nobleman, one of the principal followers of Henry the Young King in the Revolt of 1173-1174 against his father Henry II . He is also called Robert Blanchemains (meaning "White Hands" in French ).
He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester , a staunch supporter of Henry II, and he inherited from his father large estates in England and Normandy .
When the revolt of the younger Henry broke out in April 1173 , Robert went to his castle at Breteuil in Normandy . The rebels' aim was to take control of the duchy, but Henry II himself led an army to besiege the castle; Robert fled, and the Breteuil was taken on September 25 or 26.
Robert apparently went to Flanders , where he raised a large force of mercenaries, and landed at Walton, Suffolk , on September 29 , 1173. He joined forces with Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk , and the two marched west, aiming to cut England in two across the Midlands and to relieve the king's siege of Robert's castle at Leicester . However, they were intercepted by the king's supporters and defeated in battle at Fornham , near Bury St Edmunds , on October 17 . Robert, along with his wife and many others, was taken prisoner. Henry II took away the earl's lands and titles as well.
He remained in captivity until January 1177 , well after most of the other prisoners had been released. The king was in a strong position and could afford to be merciful; not long after his release Robert's lands and titles were restored, but not his castles. All but two of his castles had been destroyed, and those two (Montsorrel in Leicestershire and Pacy in Normandy) remained in the king's hands.
Robert had little influence in the remaining years of Henry II's reign, but was restored to favor by Richard I . He carried one of the swords of state at Richard's coronation in 1189 . In 1190 Robert went on pilgrimage to Palestine , but he died in Greece on his return journey.
Family
Robert married Pernelle[1], who was either a granddaughter or great-granddaughter of Hugh de Grandmesnil . They had five children:
Noted events in his life were:
• Crusader: 1179.
Robert married Petronilla de Grandmesnil,292 399 400 daughter of Hugh de Grandmesnil and Alice Beaumont, about 1155. Petronilla was born about 1134 in <Leicestershire>, England and died on 1 Apr 1212 in Leicester, Leicestershire, England about age 78. Other names for Petronilla were Pernelle de Grandmesnil, Petronella de Grentemaisnil, and Petronille de Grentmesnil.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester
Children from this marriage were:
+ 271 F i. Margaret de Beaumont 6 401 402 was born about 1156 in <Hampshire>, England and died about 12 Jan 1235 about age 79.
+ 272 M ii. Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester 403 died about 21 Oct 1204.
+ 273 M iii. Roger de Beaumont, Bishop of St Andrews .
+ 274 M iv. William de Beaumont .
+ 275 F v. Amicia de Beaumont .
199. Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester133, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died on 24 Apr 1197.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester
Also Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 63-26
Hawise married William FitzRobert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester, son of Robert de Caen, 1st Earl of Gloucester and Mabel FitzHamon, of Gloucester, about 1150. William was born about 1128 and died on 23 Nov 1183 about age 55.
Research Notes: 2nd Earl of Gloucester, Lord of Tewkesbury and Glamorgan
2nd Earl of Gloucester, Lord of the manor of Glamorgan and of Cardiff Castle
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 123-27.
Also line 63-26 (Hawise de Beaumont)
The child from this marriage was:
+ 276 F i. Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester 404 405 was born about 1160 and died on 1 Jan 1225 about age 65.
200. Isabel de Beaumont (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester133, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester
201. Margaret de Beaumont (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester133, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester
202. Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan 73 (Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan134, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1140 in Meulan, Normandy, France and died in Oct 1207 in Palestine about age 67.
Robert married Maud de Dunstanville,73 daughter of Rainald de Dunstanville and Beatrice FitzWilliam, in 1165 in Cornwall, England. Maud was born about 1143 in Dunstanville, Kent, England.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 277 F i. Mabel de Beaumont 73 was born about 1168 in <Meulan, Normandy>, France and died after 1 May 1204.
203. Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick 295 296 (Gundred de Warenne140, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born before 1153 and died on 24 Dec 1204. Another name for Waleran was Walerian de Newburg.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots, Line 84-26, has: "d. 24 Dec. 1203 or bef. 13 Oct. 1204"
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick :
Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick (1153 - 12 December 1204 ) was the younger son of Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick and Gundred de Warrenne , daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey and Elizabeth de Vermandois . He was also known as Walerian de Newburg.
After his brother 's death an impostor arose, claiming to be the deceased Earl; he gave Waleran a great deal of trouble in maintaining his claim. He does not appear to have been a great soldier, for he paid scutage money to escape military service in Wales . His position in the Court is attested by his bearing the right hand Sword of State at the Coronation of King John , 27 May 1199 .
He liberally supported the hospital of St. Michael's Hospital, Warwick and gave to the nuns of Pinley land at Claverdon , and land at Brailes to the nuns at Wroxall, Warwickshire .
Family and children
He married first to Margery, daughter of Henry d'Oily and Maud de Bohun and had children:
Henry de Beaumont, 5th Earl of Warwick , his heir.
Waleran de Beaumont of Gretham and Cotismore .
Gundred de Beaumont. She and her cousin Mabel became nuns at the Abbey of Pinley .
His second wife was Alice de Harcourt, widow of John de Limesy, Lord of Cavendish, daughter of Robert de Harcourt and had one child:
Alice de Beaumont (died before 1263), married William de Maudit , Baron of Hanslape , Chamberlain to the King. They children were:
William Maudit, 8th Earl of Warwick ;
Isabel de Maudit , married William de Beauchamp , Baron Emley. Their son was William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick .
Waleran married Margery d'Oilly.406
Research Notes: First wife of Waleran de Beaumont
Waleran next married Alice de Harcourt,407 daughter of Robert de Harcourt, of Stanton-Harcourt, Oxfordshire and Isabel Camville, about 1196. Alice died after 1212.
Research Notes: 2nd wife of Waleran de Beaumont; Waleran de Beaumont was her 2nd husband.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 278 F i. Alice de Beaumont 408 died between 1246 and 1263.
204. Avice de Lancaster 202 298 (Gundred de Warenne140, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1155 in Cumberland, England and died on 1 Jan 1191 about age 36. Another name for Avice was Avicia de Lancaster.
Avice married Richard de Morville, of Lauder in Lauderdale,298 409 son of Hugh de Morville and Beatrice de Beauchamp,. Richard was born about 1143 in <Burgh-by-Sands, Cumberland, England> and died in 1189 about age 46.
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Scotland:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 279 F i. Elena de Morville 298 409 was born about 1172 in <Kirkoswald, Cumberland, England>, died on 11 Jun 1217 about age 45, and was buried in Abbey of Dundrennan, Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
+ 280 M ii. William de Morville 298 died in 1196.
205. Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey 301 (William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne141, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died on 13 Jul 1199. Another name for Isabelle was Isabel de Warenne Countess of Surrey.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
In [Elizabeth's] second marriage, to William de Warenne, Elizabeth had three sons and two daughters (for a total of fourteen children - nine during her first marriage, and five during her second):
Isabelle married William, of Blois, Count of Boulogne. William died in 1159.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois
Also Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 83-26 (Isabel de Warenne)
Isabelle next married Hamelin Plantagenet, 5th Earl of Surrey,410 411 412 son of Geoffrey V Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy and < >, in Apr 1164. Hamelin was born about 1129, died on 7 May 1202 about age 73, and was buried in Chapter House, Lewes Priory, Surrey, England. Other names for Hamelin were Hamelin Earl of Surrey and Hamelin de Warenne 5th Earl of Surrey.
Research Notes: Natural son of Geoffrey V (Plantagenet). Second husband of Isabel de Warenne.
From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593872178 :
Earl of Surrey, Count of Anjou and Maine, Viscount of Touraine and [illegitimate] half-brother of Henry II, King of England. Hamelin supported Henry II against the rebellion by his sons in 1173. In 1176, he escorted Henry's daughter Joan for her marriage to the King of Sicily. Hamelin was present at the Coronation of Richard I and was opposed to the rule of John while Richard was on crusade and later, imprisoned. In 1193, Hamelin was one of the Treasurers for the ransom of the King. Hamelin also attended the Coronation of King John in 1199. Hamelin was the benefactor of quite a number of Abbeys, Priorys and other religious communities in both England and France.
------------
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois:
Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey married 1stly
From Wikipedia - Hamelin de Warenne, 5th Earl of Surrey :
Hamelin de Warenne[citation needed ] (Plantagenet) 1129 - May 7 , 1202 ) was an English nobleman who was prominent at the courts of the Angevin kings of England , Henry II , Richard I , and John .
He was an illegitimate son of Geoffrey of Anjou , and thus a half-brother of King Henry II , and an uncle of Richard the Lionheart and King John . His half-brother Henry gave him one of the wealthiest heiresses in England, Isabella de Warenne , in her own right Countess of Surrey. She was the widow of William of Blois . Hamelin and Isabella married in April 1164, and after the marriage he was recognized as Comte de Warenne, that being the customary designation for what more technically should be Earl of Surrey . In consequence of the marriage Hamelin took the de Warenne toponymic, as did his descendants. He and Isabella would have four children.
Warenne land in England centered around Conisbrough in Yorkshire , a location in which Hamelin built a powerful castle. He also possessed the third penny (entitlement to one third of the fines levied in the county courts) of County Surrey and held the castles of Mortemer and Bellencombre in Normandy .
Hamelin joined in the denunciations of Thomas Becket in 1164, although after Becket's death he became a great believer in Becket's sainthood, having, the story goes, been cured of blindness by the saint's help. In 1176, he escorted his niece Joan of England to Sicily for her marriage.
He remained loyal to Henry through all the problems of the later part of the king's reign when many nobles deserted him, and continued as a close supporter of his nephew Richard I. During Richard's absence on the Third Crusade , he took the side of the regent William Longchamp . Hamelin appeared in the 2nd coronation of King Richard in 1194 and at King John's coronation in 1199.
He died in 1202 and was buried at the Chapter House at Lewes Priory , in Sussex . He was succeeded by his son William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey . A daughter, named Adela, was the mistress of her cousin King John of England, and by him the mother of Richard Fitz Roy .
Children from this marriage were:
+ 281 F i. Maud de Warenne 413 414 was born about 1162 and died before 13 Dec 1228.
+ 282 M ii. William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey was born about 1174 in Surrey, England, died on 27 May 1240 in London, England about age 66, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England.
206. Margaret, of Huntingdon 303 (Ada de Warenne142, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died in 1201.
Research Notes: Second wife of Alan, Lord of Galloway.
Margaret married Humphrey IV de Bohun, Baron de Bohun, Lord of Hereford,375 376 son of Humphrey III de Bohun, Baron de Bohun, Lord of Hereford and Margaret, of Hereford, in 1175. Humphrey died about 1182.
Research Notes: Second husband of Margaret of Huntingdon.
From Magna Charta Barons, p. 81:
Humphrey de Bohun, who was Earl of Hereford and lord high constable of England, in right of is mother. He m. Margaret, daughter of Henry, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumberland, d. v. p. 1152 (and widow of Conale Petit, Earl of Brittany and Richmond, and sister of William the Lion, king of Scots), eldes son of David I., King of Scots, by his wife Matilda, widow of Simon de St. Liz, and daughter of Waltheof, Earl of Northumberland and Northampton, beheaded in 1075, and his wife, a niece of William the conqueror. Lady Margaret's mother, m. 1139, d. 1178, was Ada de Warren, daughter of William, second Earl of Surrey (by his wife, Isabel, or Elizabeth, d. 1131, widow of Robert, Earl of Mellent, and daughter of Hugh the Great, Count de Vermandois, son of Henry I., King of France), the son of William de Warren, Earl of Surrey, by his wife, Gundreda, the reputed daughter of William the Conqueror, or the daughter of his consort, Queen Maud, or Matilda, of Flanders, by Gherbod, advocate of the Abbey of St. Bestin, at St. Omer, before her marriage to William of Normandy. Humphrey de Bohun and Lady Margaret had: Henry de Bohun, eldest son and heir...
Noted events in his life were:
• Hereditary Constable of England:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 283 M i. Henry de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford 415 416 was born in 1176 and died on 1 Jun 1220 at age 44.
Margaret next married Alan, Lord of Galloway,223 son of Roland, Lord of Galloway and Elena de Morville, in 1209. Alan was born about 1186 in <Galloway, Wigtownshire, Scotland>, died in 1234 about age 48, and was buried in Abbey of Dundrennan, Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland. Another name for Alan was Alan de Galloway.
Research Notes: Per Ancestral Roots, "A descendant of the English and Scottish Kings."
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Scotland: 1215-1234.
207. Matthew, of Alsace, Count of Boulogne 306 (Thierry I, of Lorraine, Count of Flanders145, Gertrude, of Flanders96, Robert I, Count of Flanders66, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Matthew married Marie, of Blois, Countess of Boulogne,311 daughter of Stephen, of Blois, King of England and Matilda, of Boulogne,. Marie was born in 1136 and died in 1182 at age 46. Another name for Marie was Mary of Blois.
Research Notes: Countess of Boulogne in her own right.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 284 F i. Mathilde, of Flanders 417 died between 1210 and 1211.
208. Margarite, of Lorraine 307 (Thierry I, of Lorraine, Count of Flanders145, Gertrude, of Flanders96, Robert I, Count of Flanders66, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born between 1140 and 1145 and died on 17 Dec 1195.
Noted events in her life were:
209. Margaret I, of Flanders 308 (Thierry I, of Lorraine, Count of Flanders145, Gertrude, of Flanders96, Robert I, Count of Flanders66, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died on 15 Nov 1194. Another name for Margaret was Margaret I of Alsace.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Margaret I, Countess of Flanders :
Margaret I of Alsace (died 15 November 1194 ) was countess of Flanders from 1191 to her death.
History
She was the daughter of Thierry, Count of Flanders and Sibylla of Anjou , and the heiress of her childless brother, Philip of Flanders .
Family
In 1169 she married Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut , who became her co-ruler. They had the following issue:
Noted events in her life were:
• Countess of Flanders: 1191-1194.
Margaret married Baldwin V, of Hainaut 418 in 1169. Baldwin was born in 1150 and died on 17 Dec 1195 at age 45. Other names for Baldwin were Baldwin I Margrave of Namur, Baldwin V Count of Hainaut, and Baldwin VIII Count of Flanders.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut :
Baldwin V of Hainaut (1150 - December 17 , 1195 ) was count of Hainaut (1171-1195), count of Flanders as Baldwin VIII (1191-1195) and margrave of Namur as Baldwin I (1189-1195).
History
He was the son of Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut . Flanders was acquired via his marriage to Margaret I of Flanders in 1169. Namur was acquired from his mother Alice of Namur .
Family
With Margaret, Baldwin had the following issue:
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Hainaut: 1171-1195.
• Margrave of Namur: 1189-1195.
• Count of Flanders: 1191-1195.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 285 F i. Yolanda, of Flanders 419 was born in 1175 and died in 1219 at age 44.
210. Marie, of Blois, Countess of Boulogne 311 (Stephen, of Blois, King of England146, Adela, of Normandy97, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1136 and died in 1182 at age 46. Another name for Marie was Mary of Blois.
Research Notes: Countess of Boulogne in her own right.
Marie married Matthew, of Alsace, Count of Boulogne,306 son of Thierry I, of Lorraine, Count of Flanders and Sybil, of Anjou,.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 207)
211. Isabel de Montlhéry, Viscomtessa de Troyes 213 (Lithuaise147, Adela, of Normandy97, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1). Another name for Isabel was Elizabeth de Montlhéry Viscomtessa de Troyes.
Isabel married Thibaud, Seigneur de Dampierre,420 son of Gautier, de Moëlan and Unknown,. Thibaud died in 1107.
Noted events in his life were:
• Seigneur de St. Just:
• Seigneur de St. Dizier en Champagne:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 286 M i. Guy I, Vicomte de Troyes 421 died in 1151.
212. Henry II "Curtmantel", King of England (Empress Matilda, Countess of Anjou148, Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born on 5 Mar 1132 in Le Mans, France, died on 6 Jul 1189 at age 57, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, France. Another name for Henry was King Henry II of England.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-24
Henry married Eleanor, of Aquitaine on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux, France. Eleanor was born about 1124, died on 31 Mar 1204 in Fontevrault about age 80, and was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, France.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 110-26
Children from this marriage were:
+ 287 F i. Eleanor, of England 422 423 was born on 13 Oct 1162 in Domfront, Normandy and died on 31 Oct 1214 at age 52.
+ 288 M ii. KingJohn "Lackland", of England 424 425 was born on 24 Dec 1167 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England, died on 19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Lincolnshire, England at age 48, and was buried in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, Worcestershire, England.
Henry had a relationship with Ida de Tosny.426 427 This couple did not marry. Another name for Ida was Ida de Toesny.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk :
Ida de Tosny was a royal ward and mistress of King Henry II, by whom she was mother of a young son William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury ) (b c. 1176 -March 7 , 1226 ). Ida was not the first English royal ward to be taken as mistress by a King who was her guardian; that honour probably belongs to Isabel de Beaumont (Elizabeth de Beaumont), daughter of Robert de Beaumont, who fought at the Battle of Hastings with the Conqueror. That king's youngest son made Beaumont's daughter his mistress. Ida's ancestry was unknown for many years, but a charter by her eldest (illegitimate) son refers to his mother as the "Countess Ida" which pins her down to the wife of Roger Bigod. For Ida's ancestry, see "Some corrections and additions to the Complete Peerage: Volume 9: Summary" and Marc Morris's The Bigod Earls of Norfolk in the Thirteenth Century
+ 289 M i. William Longspée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury 53 428 was born about 1176 in England, died on 7 Mar 1226 in Salisbury Castle, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England about age 50, and was buried in Salisbury Cathedral, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.
213. Constance, Princess of Bretagne 13 (Maud, Princess of England150, Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1118 in <Bretagne, France>.
Constance married Alan La Zouche 13 about 1123. Alan was born about 1093 in <Rohan, Brittany, France>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 290 M i. Geoffrey I de Porhoët 13 429 was born about 1126 in <Rohan, Brittany, France>.
214. Maud FitzRobert, of Gloucester 219 317 318 (Robert de Caen, 1st Earl of Gloucester151, Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1120 in Glouchestershire, England and died on 29 Jul 1190 in Chester, Cheshire, England about age 70. Another name for Maud was Maud de Caen of Gloucester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Maud of Gloucester
Maud of Gloucester, Countess of Chester (died 29 July 1190), also known as Maud FitzRobert, was an Anglo-Norman noblewoman, and the daughter of Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester , an illegitimate son of King Henry I of England . Her husband was Ranulf de Gernon , 4th Earl of Chester, whom she allegedly poisoned with the assistance of William Peverel of Nottingham .[1]
Family
Lady Maud FitzRobert was born on an unknown date, the daughter of Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester and Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester . She had seven siblings including William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester and Roger, Bishop of Worcester . She also had an illegitimate half-brother, Richard, Bishop of Bayeux, whom her father sired by Isabel de Douvres.
Her paternal grandparents were King Henry I of England and his mistress, Sybil Corbet. Her maternal grandparents were Robert FitzHamon , Lord of Gloucester and Glamorgan , and Sybil de Montgomery, daughter of Roger de Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Mabel Talvas of Belleme.
Marriage and children
Sometime before 1141, Lady Maud married Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester. She assumed the title of Countess of Chester upon her marriage. Her husband had considerable autonomy in his palatine earldom.
Shortly after their marriage, in January 1141, Maud was besieged at Lincoln Castle by the forces of King Stephen of England . A relief army, loyal to Empress Matilda and led by her father, defeated the King in the fierce fighting which followed, which became known as the First Battle of Lincoln . In return for his help in repelling the King's troops, Maud's father compelled Ranulf to swear fealty to his half-sister Matilda. Ranulf was seized by King Stephen at court in Northampton on 29 August 1146. Stephen later granted him the castle and city of Lincoln sometime after 1151.[2]
Together Ranulf and Maud had three children:
Ranulf had an illegitimate son, Robert FitzCount (died before 1166), by an unknown mistress. His date of birth was not recorded. Robert married as her second husband, Agnes FitzNeel.
On 16 December 1153, Maud allegedly poisoned her husband with the assistance of William Peverel of Nottingham. In 1172, she founded Repton Priory in Derbyshire .[3]
The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property Wadinton de feodo comitis Cestrie, held by Maud, Countess of Chester.[2]
Maud died on 29 July 1190. The Annals of Tewkesbury records the death in 1190 of Maud, Countess of Chester.[2]
Maud married Ranulf IV, de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester,13 360 361 son of Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester and Lucy, of Bolingbroke, about 1141. Ranulf was born about 1100 in Gernon Castle, Normandy, France, died on 16 Dec 1153 about age 53, and was buried in St. Werburg's, Chester, Cheshire, England. Other names for Ranulf were Ranulph de Gernon 2nd Earl of Chester, Ranulph de Gernon Earl of Chester, Vicomte d'Avranches in Normandy, Ranulf de Guernan Earl of Chester, Vicomte d'Avranches, and Ranulph "de Gernon" de Meschines Earl of Chester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester :
Ranulf II, also known as Ranulf le Meschin or Ranulf de Gernon inherited his palatine earldom in 1128 aged 28, upon the death of his father who was descended from the Counts of Bayeux , Calvados Normandy .
Early life
Note: He is the 4th Ranulf (ie Ranulf IV) but he is the 2nd Earl of Chester.
Ranulf was born at Gernon castle , Normandy around 1100 to Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester (should be: Ranulf III, 1st Earl of Chester [of the second creation]) and Lucia Taillebois of Mercia , England. His parents were both significant landowners and he had considerable autonomy within the palatine .
[Much more available in Wikipedia]
Monastic foundation
He founded a North Welsh Cistercian Abbey in 1131 which was colonised by monks from the Norman house, the Congregation of Savigny .
[edit ] The death of the Earl (1153)
In 1153 Ranulf survived a failed attempt at murder by poison by one of his arch-enemies, William Peverel the Younger , when he was guest at Peverel's house. William had poisoned the wine that Ranulf and his men had drunk. Three of Ranulf's men died but the Earl recovered, though he suffered agonizingly, as he had drunk less than his men. William was exiled from England after Henry took the crown as he was accused of poisoning Ranulf and his retainers. The Earl died the same year (due to the poisoning?), on the 16 December 1153 . One other notable event of 1153, was that Duke Henry granted Ranulf Staffordshire . After his death, the Earl's son and heir Hugh was allowed to inherit Ranulf's lands as held in 1135, and other honours bestowed upon Ranulf were revoked.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 291 M i. Simon III de Montfort, Count of Evreux 430 died about 1181.
+ 292 F ii. Joanna de Meschines 219 was born about 1145 in <Chester, Cheshire>, England.
+ 293 M iii. Hugh, of Kevelioc, 5th Earl of Chester 31 431 432 was born in 1147 in Kevelioc, Monmouthshire, Wales and died on 30 Jun 1181 in Leek, Staffordshire, England at age 34.
215. William FitzRobert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester (Robert de Caen, 1st Earl of Gloucester151, Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1128 and died on 23 Nov 1183 about age 55.
Research Notes: 2nd Earl of Gloucester, Lord of Tewkesbury and Glamorgan
2nd Earl of Gloucester, Lord of the manor of Glamorgan and of Cardiff Castle
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 123-27.
Also line 63-26 (Hawise de Beaumont)
William married Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester, daughter of Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester and Amice de Gael de Montfort, about 1150. Hawise died on 24 Apr 1197.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester
Also Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 63-26
(Duplicate Line. See Person 199)
216. Uchtred, Lord of Galloway 223 319 (Elizabeth, Princess of England152, Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1118 in <Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland> and died on 22 Sep 1174 about age 56. Another name for Uchtred was Uchtred of Galloway.
Uchtred married Gunnild, of Dunbar,223 433 daughter of Waltheof, Lord of Allerdale and Sigrid, about 1156 in Dunbar, East Lothian, Scotland. Gunnild was born about 1134 in <Dunbar, East Lothian, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 294 M i. Roland, Lord of Galloway 223 434 was born about 1164 in <Galloway, Perthshire, Scotland>, died on 19 Dec 1200 in Northamptonshire, England about age 36, and was buried in Abbey of Saint Andrew, Northamptonshire, England.
217. Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor (Judith, of Bavaria153, Henry I, Duke of Bavaria99, Judith, of Normandy68, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1122, died on 10 Jun 1190 at age 68, and was buried in Holy Land. Other names for Frederick were Barbarossa, Frederick I "Barbarossa" Emperor of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick III "Barbarosa" Duke of Swabia, and Friedrich I Holy Roman Emperor.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 45-26 :
FREDERICK III, Barbarossa, (Emperor of Germany 1152, as Frederick I), b. 1122, d. 10 June 1190, on the Third Crusade and was bur. somewhere in the Holy Land, Duke of Alsace and Swabia
Wikipedia has much, much more.
Frederick married Beatrix, of Burgundy, daughter of Renaud III, Count of Burgundy and Agatha, in 1156. Beatrix died 15 Nov 1184 or 1185.
Research Notes: 2nd wife of Frederick III "Barbarossa"
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 45-26 (Frederick III, Barbarossa)
The child from this marriage was:
+ 295 M i. Philip II, of Swabia, King of Germany 435 436 was born in 1177 and died on 21 Jun 1208 in Bamburg, Germany at age 31.
218. Guy II, of Ponthieu 324 (Hélie, of Burgundy154, Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy101, Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1120 and died in 1147 about age 27.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Guy II of Ponthieu :
Guy II of Ponthieu (c. 1120-1147), the son of William III of Ponthieu and Helie of Burgundy, succeeded his father as Count of Ponthieu during William's lifetime. He died on the Second Crusade and was succeeded by his son John I of Ponthieu .
Guy married someone.
+ 296 M i. Jean I, Count of Ponthieu 437 was born about 1140 and died in 1191 about age 51.
219. Ela Talvas, of Alençon and Ponthieu 131 299 300 (Hélie, of Burgundy154, Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy101, Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1124 in <Alençon, Normandy>, France, died on 10 Oct 1174 in Bradenstoke Priory, Bradenstoke, Wiltshire, England about age 50, and was buried on 4 Dec 1174. Other names for Ela were Adela Talvaise and Ida Talvaise.
Ela married Patrick, de Salisbury, 1st Earl of Salisbury,53 300 son of Walter FitzEdward, of Salisbury and Sibyl de Chaworth, about 1149. Patrick was born about 1122 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England, died on 27 Mar 1168 in Poitiers, France about age 46, and was buried about 7 Apr 1168 in Abbey of Saint Hilaire, Poitiers, France.
Death Notes: Killed in an ambush by forces of Guy of Lusignan.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Patrick of Salisbury, 1st Earl of Salisbury :
Patrick of Salisbury, 1st Earl of Salisbury (c. 1122 - 1168) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman , and the uncle of the famous William Marshal .
His parents were Walter of Salisbury and Sibilla de Chaworth.[1] Before 1141, Patrick was constable of Salisbury , a powerful local official but not a nobleman. That year, Patrick married his sister to John fitzGilbert the Marshal , who had been a local rival of his, and transferred his allegiance from King Stephen to the Empress Matilda . This political move gained him his earldom, and the friendship of John the Marshal, who was to send his younger son William to stay with him. It was in his household where the famous Marshal first learned about knighthood.
Patrick married twice,[2] his second wife being Ela, daughter of William III Talvas , Duke of Alencon and Ponthieu , whom he married in 1149. They had a son, William in about 1150[1] and three others, including Walter and Philip.[2]
He was killed at Poitiers , France on March 27 1168 in an ambush by forces of Guy of Lusignan .[1]
Noted events in his life were:
• 1st Earl of Wiltshire: Abt 1143. Conferred by Empress Maud
The child from this marriage was:
+ 297 M i. William FitzPatrick, 2nd Earl of Salisbury 53 438 439 was born about 1150 in <Salisbury, Wiltshire>, England and died on 17 Apr 1196 in <Salisbury, Wiltshire>, England about age 46.
Ela next married William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne,203 son of William II de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey and Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester,. William was born in 1118 and died in 1148 at age 30.
Research Notes: First husband of Ela (Talvas).
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
In her second marriage, to William de Warenne, Elizabeth had three sons and two daughters (for a total of fourteen children - nine during her first marriage, and five during her second):
(Duplicate Line. See Person 141)
220. Geoffroi III de Joinville, Sénéchal of Champagne and of Bar-sur-Seine 325 (Adélarde de Vignory155, Beatrice, of Burgundy103, Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born before 1127 and died in 1188.
Research Notes: Sénéchal of Champagne 1127-1188, and of Bar-sur-Seine
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 71A-27
Noted events in his life were:
• Sénéchal of Champagne: 1127-1188.
• Sénéchal of Bar-sur-Seine:
Geoffroi married Félicité de Brienne,396 daughter of Erard I, Count of Brienne and Alix de Rameru, Dame of Rameru, before 1141. Félicité died on 21 Jul 1178.
Research Notes: Widow of Simon de Broye, d. 1132
The child from this marriage was:
+ 298 M i. Geoffroi IV de Joinville, Sénéchal of Champagne 440 died in Aug 1190 in Acre, Palestine.
221. Urraca, of Portugal 48 328 329 (Afonso I, King of Portugal156, Henry, of Burgundy, Count of Portugal105, Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1150 in <Coimbra, Coimbra>, Portugal and died on 16 Oct 1188 in Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain about age 38. Another name for Urraca was Urraca Affonsez of Portugal.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Urraca of Portugal :
Infanta Urraca of Portugal (Coimbra , 1151 - 16 October 1188) was a Portuguese infanta (princess), daughter of Afonso I , 1st King of Portugal and his wife Maud of Savoy . She married Ferdinand II of León (c. 1165) with whom she had Alfonso IX of León . This marriage didn't prevent her father Afonso I from declaring war on his son-in-law. This short war culminated in disaster when Afonso was captured in Badajoz . Perhaps due to his marriage to Urraca, Ferdinand was generous to Afonso, and let him leave. However, the marriage of Ferdinand II and Urraca was annulled in 1175 by the Pope, using the fact that Urraca was his distant cousin as justification.
After the dissolution of her marriage, Urraca returned to the court of her father and died there, aged only 37, nine months after the death of her former husband.
Urraca married Fernando II, King of Léon,48 333 334 son of Alfonso VII, King of Castile and Léon and Berenguela, of Barcelona, about Jun 1165 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Marriage status: annulment in Jun 1175. Fernando was born in 1137 in Toledo, Castile, Spain and died on 22 Jan 1188 in Benavente, Zamora, Castile, Spain at age 51. Other names for Fernando were Ferdinand II King of Léon and Fernando II Alfonsez King of Léon.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Ferdinand II of León :
Ferdinand II (1137 - 22 January 1188) was King of León and Galicia from 1157 to his death.
Born in Toledo , he was the son of King Alfonso VII of Castile and León and of Berenguela , of the House of Barcelona . His father divided his kingdoms upon his death, with Ferdinand receiving León and Galicia , and another son, Sancho , receiving Castile and Toledo . Ferdinand earned the reputation of a good knight and hard fighter, but did not display political or organising faculty.
His reign of thirty years was one of strife marked by no signal success or reverse. He had to contend with his unruly nobles, several of whom he put to death. During the minority of his nephew, Alfonso VIII of Castile , he endeavoured to impose himself on the kingdom as regent . On the west he was in more or less constant strife with the Kingdom of Portugal , which had separated from León in 1139. His relations with the Portuguese House of Burgundy must have suffered by his repudiation of his wife Urraca , daughter of King Afonso I of Portugal . Though he took the King of Portugal prisoner in 1169, he made no political use of his success. He extended his dominions southward in Extremadura at the expense of the Moors .
Family
By Urraca, married, around 1165, Ferdinand had his son and successor:
Following her repudiation, he formed a relationship with Theresa Fernández de Traba, daughter of count Fernando Pérez de Traba, and in August 1179 he married her, having:
H
e then formed a liaison with Urraca López de Haro, daughter of Lópe Díaz de Haro, who he married in May 1187, having:
Noted events in his life were:
• King of Léon: 1157-1188.
• King of Galicia: 1157-1188.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 299 M i. Alfonso IX, King of Léon 48 441 442 was born on 15 Aug 1171 in Zamora, Léon, Spain and died on 24 Sep 1230 in Villanueva de Sarria, Lugo, Spain at age 59.
222. Sancho I, King of Portugal (Afonso I, King of Portugal156, Henry, of Burgundy, Count of Portugal105, Henry, of Burgundy69, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born on 11 Nov 1154 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal and died on 26 Mar 1212 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 57.
Research Notes: Wikipedia - Afonso II of Portugal
From Wikipedia - Sancho I of Portugal :
Sancho I (pronounced ['s??u] ; rarely translated to Sanctius I), nicknamed the Populator (Portuguese o Povoador), second monarch of Portugal , was born on November 11 , 1154 in Coimbra and died on March 26 , 1212 in the same city. He was the second but only surviving legitimate son and fourth child of Afonso I Henriques of Portugal by his wife, Maud of Savoy . Sancho succeeded his father in 1185 . He used the title King of the Algarve and/or King of Silves between 1189 and 1191
In 1170 , Sancho was knighted by his father, King Afonso I, and from then on he became his second in command, both administratively and militarily. At this time, the independence of Portugal (declared in 1139 ) was not firmly established. The kings of León and Castile were trying to re-annex the country and the Roman Catholic Church was late in giving its blessing and approval. Due to this situation Afonso I had to search for allies within the Iberian Peninsula . Portugal made an alliance with the Kingdom of Aragon and together they fought Castile and León. To secure the agreement, Infante Sancho of Portugal married, in 1174 , Infanta Dulce Berenguer , younger sister of King Alfonso II of Aragon . Aragon was thus the first Iberian kingdom to recognize the independence of Portugal.
With the death of Afonso I in 1185 , Sancho I became the second king of Portugal. Coimbra was the centre of his kingdom; Sancho terminated the exhausting and generally pointless wars against his neighbours for control of the Galician borderlands. Instead, he turned all his attentions to the south, towards the Moorish small kingdoms (called taifas ) that still thrived. With Crusader help he took Silves in 1191 . Silves was an important city of the South, an administrative and commercial town with population estimates around 20,000 people. Sancho ordered the fortification of the city and built a castle which is today an important monument of Portuguese heritage. However, military attention soon had to be turned again to the North, where León and Castile threatened again the Portuguese borders. Silves was again lost to the Moors. It should be noted that the global Muslim population had climbed to about 6 per cent as against the Christian population of 12 per cent by 1200.
Sancho I dedicated much of his reign to political and administrative organization of the new kingdom. He accumulated a national treasure, supported new industries and the middle class of merchants. Moreover, he created several new towns and villages (like Guarda in 1199 ) and took great care in populating remote areas in the northern Christian regions of Portugal, notably with Flemings and Burgundians - hence the nickname "the Populator". The king was also known for his love of knowledge and literature. Sancho I wrote several books of poems and used the royal treasure to send Portuguese students to European universities.
Sancho married Dulce Berenguer, of Barcelona, daughter of Ramon Berenguer, IV, Count of Barcelona and Unknown, in 1174. Dulce was born in 1152 and died in 1198 at age 46.
Research Notes: Wikipedia - Afonso II of Portugal
From Wikipedia - Dulce Berenguer of Barcelona :
Dulce Berenguer, Princess of Aragon, Queen Consort of Portugal (1152 -1198 ) was first daughter of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona and Petronila of Aragon . She was also the wife of Sancho I of Portugal .
Queen of Portugal
In 1174 she was married to then Prince Sancho as part of an arrangement to secure an alliance between Aragon and Portugal by her brother Alfonso II of Aragon . With her husband's ascent to the throne in 1185, she became Queen Consort .
The child from this marriage was:
+ 300 M i. Afonso II, King of Portugal was born on 23 Apr 1185 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, died on 25 Mar 1223 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 37, and was buried in Santa Cruz Monastery, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
223. Sancho III, of Castile 331 332 (Alfonso VII, King of Castile and Léon158, Urraca, of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon107, Constance, of Burgundy70, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1134 and died on 30 Aug 1158 at age 24. Another name for Sancho was Sancho "el Deseado" of Castile.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Sancho III of Castile :
Sancho III of Castile (1134 - 31 August 1158) was King of Castile and Toledo for one year, from 1157 to 1158. During the Reconquista , in which he took an active part, he founded the Order of Calatrava . He was called el Deseado (the Desired) due to his position as the first child of his parents, born after eight years of childless marriage.
He was the eldest son of King Alfonso VII of Castile and Berenguela of Barcelona . During his father's reign, he appears as "king of Nájera " as early as 1149. His father's will partitioned the kingdom between his two sons: Sancho inherited the kingdoms of Castile and Toledo, and Fernando inherited Leon. The two brothers had just signed a treaty when Sancho suddenly died in the summer of 1158, being buried at Toledo. He had married in 1151 to Blanca of Navarre , daughter of García Ramírez of Navarre , having two sons, his successor Alfonso VIII of Castile , and infante García, who died at birth in 1156, apparently also resulting in the death of Blanca. There may also have been an older son who died in infancy.
Noted events in his life were:
• King of Castile and Toledo: 1157-1158.
Sancho married Blanca Garcés, of Navarre,443 444 daughter of Garcia VII, of Navarre and Marguerite, de l'Aigle, on 30 Jan 1151 in Catahorra, Logrońo. Blanca was born after 1133, died on 12 Aug 1156, and was buried in Monastery of Santa Maria la Real of Najera. Other names for Blanca were Blanca of Navarre, Blanche of Navarre, and Sancha of Navarre.
Noted events in her life were:
• Betrothal: to Sancho III, 15 Oct 1140.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 301 M i. Alfonso VIII "the Noble", King of Castile 445 446 was born on 11 Nov 1155 and died on 5 Oct 1214 at age 58.
224. Fernando II, King of Léon 48 333 334 (Alfonso VII, King of Castile and Léon158, Urraca, of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon107, Constance, of Burgundy70, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1137 in Toledo, Castile, Spain and died on 22 Jan 1188 in Benavente, Zamora, Castile, Spain at age 51. Other names for Fernando were Ferdinand II King of Léon and Fernando II Alfonsez King of Léon.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Ferdinand II of León :
Ferdinand II (1137 - 22 January 1188) was King of León and Galicia from 1157 to his death.
Born in Toledo , he was the son of King Alfonso VII of Castile and León and of Berenguela , of the House of Barcelona . His father divided his kingdoms upon his death, with Ferdinand receiving León and Galicia , and another son, Sancho , receiving Castile and Toledo . Ferdinand earned the reputation of a good knight and hard fighter, but did not display political or organising faculty.
His reign of thirty years was one of strife marked by no signal success or reverse. He had to contend with his unruly nobles, several of whom he put to death. During the minority of his nephew, Alfonso VIII of Castile , he endeavoured to impose himself on the kingdom as regent . On the west he was in more or less constant strife with the Kingdom of Portugal , which had separated from León in 1139. His relations with the Portuguese House of Burgundy must have suffered by his repudiation of his wife Urraca , daughter of King Afonso I of Portugal . Though he took the King of Portugal prisoner in 1169, he made no political use of his success. He extended his dominions southward in Extremadura at the expense of the Moors .
Family
By Urraca, married, around 1165, Ferdinand had his son and successor:
Following her repudiation, he formed a relationship with Theresa Fernández de Traba, daughter of count Fernando Pérez de Traba, and in August 1179 he married her, having:
H
e then formed a liaison with Urraca López de Haro, daughter of Lópe Díaz de Haro, who he married in May 1187, having:
Noted events in his life were:
• King of Léon: 1157-1188.
• King of Galicia: 1157-1188.
Fernando married Urraca, of Portugal,48 328 329 daughter of Afonso I, King of Portugal and Maud, of Savoy, about Jun 1165 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Marriage status: annulment in Jun 1175. Urraca was born about 1150 in <Coimbra, Coimbra>, Portugal and died on 16 Oct 1188 in Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain about age 38. Another name for Urraca was Urraca Affonsez of Portugal.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Urraca of Portugal :
Infanta Urraca of Portugal (Coimbra , 1151 - 16 October 1188) was a Portuguese infanta (princess), daughter of Afonso I , 1st King of Portugal and his wife Maud of Savoy . She married Ferdinand II of León (c. 1165) with whom she had Alfonso IX of León . This marriage didn't prevent her father Afonso I from declaring war on his son-in-law. This short war culminated in disaster when Afonso was captured in Badajoz . Perhaps due to his marriage to Urraca, Ferdinand was generous to Afonso, and let him leave. However, the marriage of Ferdinand II and Urraca was annulled in 1175 by the Pope, using the fact that Urraca was his distant cousin as justification.
After the dissolution of her marriage, Urraca returned to the court of her father and died there, aged only 37, nine months after the death of her former husband.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 221)
225. Sancha (Alfonso VII, King of Castile and Léon158, Urraca, of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon107, Constance, of Burgundy70, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1137 and died in 1179 at age 42.
226. Constance (Alfonso VII, King of Castile and Léon158, Urraca, of Castile, Queen of Castile and Léon107, Constance, of Burgundy70, Robert "the Old", Duke of Burgundy45, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1141 and died in 1160 at age 19.
227. Albri de Luzarches, Count of Dammartin 102 335 (Alberic I, Count of Dammartin159, Aelis de Dammartin108, Hugues de Dammartin, Count of Dammartin71, Constance Capet47, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1135 in <Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne>, France, died on 19 Sep 1200 in London, Middlesex, England about age 65, and was buried in Abbaye de Jumieges, Jumieges, Seine-Maritime, France. Other names for Albri were Alberic II Count of Dammartin and Aubrey II Count of Dammartin.
Research Notes: Count of Dammartin by right of his wife
Noted events in his life were:
• Chamberlain of France: 1155-1160.
Albri married Mathilda, of Clermont, Ponthieu & Dammartin,67 394 395 daughter of Renaud II, Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis and Clémence de Bar-le-Duc, Countess of Dammartin,. Mathilda was born about 1138 in <Pontieu, Ain>, France and died after Oct 1200. Other names for Mathilda were Mabilie of Clermont, Ponthieu & Dammartin, Mahaut de Ponthieu, Maud of Clermont, Ponthieu & Dammartin, and Maude de Clermont.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 302 F i. Agnes de Dammartin 102 447 was born about 1166 in <Buckinghamshire>, England and died in 1237 about age 71.
+ 303 M ii. Simon de Dammartin, Count of Aumale 448 died in 1239.
+ 304 F iii. Juliane de Dammartin .449
228. Geoffrey de Mandeville 23 338 339 (Margaret de Rie160, Rohese FitzRichard de Clare109, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1092 in <Rycott, Oxford, England>, died on 14 Sep 1144 in Mildenhall, Suffolk, England at age 52, and was buried in New Temple Church, Holborn, Suffolk, England.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1082, Great Waltham, Essex, England.
Noted events in his life were:
• 3rd Baron Mandeville:
• Hereditary Sheriff of London and Middlesex:
• Sheriff of Hertfordshire:
• Created Earl of Essex: by King Stephen.
Geoffrey married Rohese de Vere, Countess of Essex,23 340 344 daughter of Aubrey II de Vere, of Great Addington & Drayton and Adeliza de Clare, about 1119 in <England>. Rohese was born about 1103 in <Hedingham, Essex, England>, died after 21 Oct 1166 in <England>, and was buried in Chicksands Priory, Bedfordshire, England.
Marriage Notes: FamilySearch has m. abt 1119. Another source has m. abt 1149.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1103, Hedingham, Essex, England. Another source has b. abt 1109, Rycott, Oxford, England.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere II
Children from this marriage were:
+ 305 F i. Maud de Mandeville, Lady of Costow, Wiltshire 23 450 was born about 1138 in <Rycott, Oxfordshire>, England and died in England.
+ 306 F ii. Alice de Mandeville 451 was born about 1146 in Rycote, Great Haseley, Oxford, England.
229. Rohese de Vere, Countess of Essex 23 340 344 (Adeliza de Clare161, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1103 in <Hedingham, Essex, England>, died after 21 Oct 1166 in <England>, and was buried in Chicksands Priory, Bedfordshire, England.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1103, Hedingham, Essex, England. Another source has b. abt 1109, Rycott, Oxford, England.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere II
Rohese married Geoffrey de Mandeville,23 338 339 son of William de Mandeville and Margaret de Rie, about 1119 in <England>. Geoffrey was born in 1092 in <Rycott, Oxford, England>, died on 14 Sep 1144 in Mildenhall, Suffolk, England at age 52, and was buried in New Temple Church, Holborn, Suffolk, England.
Marriage Notes: FamilySearch has m. abt 1119. Another source has m. abt 1149.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt 1082, Great Waltham, Essex, England.
Noted events in his life were:
• 3rd Baron Mandeville:
• Hereditary Sheriff of London and Middlesex:
• Sheriff of Hertfordshire:
• Created Earl of Essex: by King Stephen.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 228)
230. Aubrey III de Vere, 1st Earl of Oxford and Count of Guînes 345 (Adeliza de Clare161, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1115 and died on 26 Dec 1194 about age 79.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere, 1st Earl of Oxford
Aubrey de Vere III (c. 1115-Dec. 1194) was created Earl of Oxford by the empress Matilda in July 1141. He had inherited the barony of Hedingham on the death of his father Aubrey de Vere II in May 1141, when he was already Count of Guînes by right of his wife Beatrice. In July 1141 he was granted an earldom by the Empress Matilda , and was confirmed as the first earl of Oxford by her son King Henry II of England . On the annulment of his first marriage, between 1144-46, he lost Guînes. Earl Aubrey was little involved in national political affairs after this period. His attempt to divorce his third wife, Agnes of Essex , was a celebrated marriage case that Agnes appealed successfully to Pope Alexander III . In 1153 he was present with King Stephen 's army at the siege of Wallingford and attested at the Treaty of Wallingford , finally signed at Westminster . Two of his sons by Agnes, Aubrey IV and Robert, became earls of Oxford. Robert, the third earl, was one of the 25 rebel barons who were to hold King John to the terms of Magna Carta .
Aubrey married Beatrice, of Guînes betw 1137 and 1146.
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere, 1st Earl of Oxford
Aubrey next married Agnes, of Essex, daughter of Henry, of Essex, Lord of Rayleigh and Haughley and Cicely, 1162 or 1163. Agnes was born about 1151 and died about 1206 about age 55.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 246-26
Research Notes: 3rd wife of Aubrey de Vere, 1st Earl of Oxford.
From Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere III :
[Earl Aubrey's] attempt to divorce his third wife, Agnes of Essex , was a celebrated marriage case that Agnes appealed successfully to Pope Alexander III . In 1153 he was present with King Stephen 's army at the siege of Wallingford and attested at the Treaty of Wallingford , finally signed at Westminster . Two of his sons by Agnes, Aubrey IV and Robert, became earls of Oxford. Robert, the third earl, was one of the 25 rebel barons who were to hold King John to the terms of Magna Carta .
----------
From Wikipedia - Agnes of Essex :
Agnes of Essex, countess of Oxford (c. 1151 - c. 1206 ) was the daughter of Henry of Essex and his second wife. She was betrothed at age three to Geoffrey de Vere, brother of the first earl of Oxford . Raised by the Veres, she later rejected the match with Geoffrey and by 1163 had married his brother Aubrey de Vere III , the earl, as his third wife. After her father's disgrace and forfeiture of lands and offices in that year, the earl sought to have his marriage annulled. Agnes fought the action. On May 9 , 1166 , she appealed her case from the court of the bishop of London to the pope (the archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Becket , being in exile at the time). While the case was pending in Rome, the earl kept Agnes confined, for which the bishop of London reprimanded Aubrey. Pope Alexander III ruled in her favor, thus establishing the right and requirement of consent by females in betrothal and the sacrament of marriage. The couple may have co-operated in the founding of a Benedictine nunnery near their castle at Hedingham, Essex . Having survived her husband, Countess Agnes paid the crown for the right to remain unmarried and died sometime in or after 1206.
Many have followed the mistake of antiquarians in believing the third wife of earl Aubrey to have been named Lucia. A woman of this name was prioress of the nunnery at Castle Hedingham . On Lucia's death, a mortuary or roll was carried to many religious houses in the region requesting prayers, and in the preface of that document Lucia is called the foundress of the priory. As the countess presumably cooperated with her husband in the founding of the house, the erroneous assumption was made that the prioress was in fact the earl's widow.
Children
Agnes bore her husband four sons and a daughter, including two future earls of Oxford: Aubrey IV and Robert I . Her daughter Alice married 1) Ernulf de Kemesech, 2) John, constable of Chester.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 307 M i. Aubrey IV de Vere, 2nd Earl of Oxford was born before 1164 and died in Oct 1214.
+ 308 M ii. Robert de Vere, 3rd Earl of Oxford 452 453 454 was born in 1164 in Essex, England, was christened in 1164, died before 25 Oct 1221 in England, and was buried in Hatfield Regis Priory.
+ 309 F iii. Alice de Vere .
231. Juliana de Vere 343 346 (Adeliza de Clare161, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1116 in <Hedingham, Essex, England>, was christened in Hedingham, Essex, England, and died about 1199 about age 83. Another name for Juliana was Juliane de Vere.
Juliana married Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk,23 455 456 son of Roger Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk and Alice de Tosny, before 1140 in <England>. The marriage ended in divorce before 1168. Hugh was born in 1095 in <Belvoir Castle>, Leicestershire, England, was christened in Framlingham, Suffolk, England, died before 1 Mar 1177 in Palestine, and was buried in Thetford Priory, Thetford, Norfolk, England.
Research Notes: Second son of Roger Bigod.
From Wikipedia - Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk :
Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (1095 - 1177) was born in Belvoir Castle , Leicestershire , England .
He was the second son of Roger Bigod (also known as Roger Bigot) (d. 1107), Sheriff of Norfolk, who founded the Bigod name in England. Hugh Bigod became a controversial figure in history, known for his frequent switching of loyalties and hasty reactions towards measures of authority.
Early years
Hugh inherited large estates in East Anglia on the death of his brother William, who perished without issue in the sinking of the White Ship on November 26, 1120. He succeeded his aunt Albreda - and by extension, her eldest brother Berengar - as heir both to Berengar's tenancy-in-chief in Lincolnshire and the Norman lands of Robert de Tosny of Belvoirwas . He became Constable of Norwich Castle and Governor of the City of Norwich in 1122. He enjoyed the favour of Henry I .
During King Stephen's reign
At first a supporter of Stephen of Blois during this king's struggle with the empress Matilda . His initiation in history was on the death of Henry I in 1135, when Maud expected to succeed to the throne of England, but her cousin, Stephen of Blois usurped the throne, breaking an oath he had previously made to defend her rights. It was Bigod who claimed that Henry I (Maud's father, and Stephen's uncle) intended for Stephen to become king at the expense of the empress. Civil War resulted when in 1139 Maud could command the military strength necessary to challenge Stephen within his own realm. Maud's greatest triumph came in Feb. 1141, when her forces defeated and captured King Stephen; he was made a prisoner and effectively deposed. Her advantage lasted only until July of that year, and she released Stephen in Dec. In 1147, Maud was finally forced to return to France , following the death of Robert of Gloucester , her strongest supporter and half-brother.
King Stephen had initially kept his followers together, but in 1136 Stephen was stricken with sickness. A lethargy fastened on him and the report of his death was quickly spread abroad. A rising of the turbulent barons necessarily followed, and Bigod was the first to take up arms. He seized and held Norwich ; but Stephen, quickly recovering laid siege to the city and Hugh was compelled to surrender. Acting with unusual clemency, Stephen spared the rebel, who for a short time remained faithful. In 1140 the Earl is said to have declared for the empress, yet early in the next year he is in the ranks of Stephen's army fighting in the disastrous First Battle of Lincoln , after which the Earl deserted him and assumed a position of armed neutrality during the civil war, sometimes called 'General Anarchy' .
Later, the disagreement between King Stephen and Archbishop Theobald in 1148 created yet another scenario for Hugh Bigod to come forward; this time, he sided with the archbishop , and received him in his Castle of Framlingham , but joined with others in achieving a reconciliation.
Rise of King Henry II
Five years later, in 1153, when Henry , Duke of Normandy , soon to be King Henry II (r. 1154-89), landed in England to assert his claim to the throne, Bigod vested his interests with the rising power, and held out in Ipswich against Stephen's forces, while Henry II, on the other side, laid siege to Stamford . Both places fell. In the critical state of his fortunes Stephen was in no position to punish the rebel. Negotiations were also going on between the two parties, and Hugh again eluded retaliation.
On Henry II's accession in December 1154, Bigod at once received confirmation of the possession of his earldom and stewardship by charter issued apparently in January of the next year. The first years of the new reign were spent in restoring order to the shattered kingdom, and in breaking the power of the independent barons, which had grown out of control during King Stephen's reign.
It was not before long that Bigod became agitated under the rule of law initiated by Henry. He grew restless with measures such as the scutage , a fee paid by vassals in lieu of military service, which became the central feature of Henry II's military system of operation by 1159. The Earl showed signs of resistance, but was at once put down. In 1157 Henry II marched into the eastern counties and received the earl's submission.
After this incident Hugh Bigod makes no significant appearances in the chronicles for some time; he is named among those who had been excommunicated by Becket, in consequence of his retention of lands belonging to the monastery of Pentney in Norfolk .
The revolt of 1173
In 1173 the young crowned prince Henry (also known as Henry the Young King ), raised a revolt against his father, Henry II . This gave Hugh Bigod, yet another chance for rebellion, along with the league of the English barons with the kings of France and Scotland in his favour. He at once became a leader in the cause, perhaps eager to revive the feudal power, which Henry II had curtailed. In addition to the fact that the inevitable conflict, as far as England was concerned, centered round his possessions. The custody of Norwich Castle was promised by the young prince as his reward.
The king's energy and good fortune were equal to the occasion. While he held in check his rebel vassals in France, the loyal barons in England defeated his enemies there. Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester (d.1190) landed at Walton , in Suffolk , on September 29, 1173 and marched to Framlingham , joining forces with Hugh. Together they besieged and took the castle of Hagenet in Suffolk on October 13, held by Randal de Broc for the crown. But the Earl of Leicester was defeated and taken prisoner setting out from Framlingham at Fornham, St. Genevieve, near Bury St Edmunds , Suffolk by the justiciar , Richard de Luci and other barons. These, then turned their arms against Earl Hugh, not strong enough to fight, he opened negotiations with his assailants. It is said he bought them off, and at the same time secured a safe passage home for the Flemings in his service.
Final days
Though defeated and compelled to surrender his castles, Bigod kept his lands and his earldom, and lived at peace with Henry II until his death reportedly in 1177, in Palestine .
It should be noted, however, that on March 1st 1177, his son Roger Bigod appealed to the king on a dispute with his stepmother. Hugh being dead at this time, the date of his death is fixed 'ante caput jejunii', (i.e. before March 9th). If, then, he died in Palestine, his death must have taken place in the preceding year, 1176, to allow time for the arrival of the news in England . Henry II took advantage of Roger's appeal to seize upon the late Earl's treasure. He possessed vast estates, which he inherited, and was also the recipient of the third penny levied in the county of Norfolk.
Marriage and family
He married twice.
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Norwich Castle: 1122.
• Governor of the City of Norwice: 1122.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 310 M i. Roger Bigod, Baron le Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk 23 426 427 457 was born about 1144 in <Norfolk, Norfolk>, England, was christened in Framlingham, Suffolk, England, died before 2 Aug 1221 in Thetford, Norfolk, England, and was buried in Thetford, Norfolk, England.
232. Alice de Vere, of Essex 340 347 (Adeliza de Clare161, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born before 1141 and died after 1185. Another name for Alice was Adelicia de Vere.
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1185.
Alice married Robert de Essex, Lord of Rayleigh.458
Research Notes: First husband of Adelicia de Vere
Alice next married Roger FitzRichard, 1st Lord of Warkworth, Northumberland,458 son of Richard and Jane Bigod,. Roger was born about 1140 and died about 1177 about age 37.
Research Notes: Second husband of Adelicia de Vere.
233. Robert de Vere 340 (Adeliza de Clare161, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere II
234. Geoffrey de Vere (Adeliza de Clare161, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere II
235. William de Vere, Bishop of Hereford (Adeliza de Clare161, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere II
236. Gilbert de Vere (Adeliza de Clare161, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Aubrey de Vere II - Prior of the Knights Hospitaller in England
237. Alice de Clare 219 349 (Richard FitzGilbert de, 1st Earl of Hertford162, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1102 in <Tunbridge, Kent>, England and died after 1148 in England. Other names for Alice were Adeliza de Clare de Tunbridge and Alice de Tunbridge.
Alice married William de Percy, 4th Baron Percy,343 459 son of Alan de Percy, 2nd Baron Percy and Emma de Gaunt, in 1136 in Tunbridge, Kent, England. William was born about 1088 in Alnwick, Northumberland, England and died about 1175 about age 87.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 311 F i. Agnes de Percy 343 460 461 was born about 1134 in <Whitby>, Yorkshire, England and died about 1205 about age 71.
Alice next married Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd ap Cynan, son of Gruffudd ap Cynan, Prince of North Wales (Gwynedd) and Angharat verch Owain ap Edwin, of Tegeingl,.
Research Notes: Source: Annals and Antiquities of the Counties and County Families of Wales by Thomas Nicholas, Vol. I, London, 1872, p. 362.
238. Gilbert de Clare 350 (Richard FitzGilbert de, 1st Earl of Hertford162, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1115 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England and died in 1153 at age 38.
Research Notes: First son of Richard de Clare. Died without issue and succeeded by his brother Roger de Clare .
239. Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford 23 246 351 352 (Richard FitzGilbert de, 1st Earl of Hertford162, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1116 in <Tunbridge Castle>, Kent, England, died in 1173 in Oxfordshire, England at age 57, and was buried in Eynsham Priory, Oxfordshire, England.
Research Notes: Second son of Richard de Clare. First husband of Maud de Saint-Hilaire.
From thepeerage.com:
He succeeded to the title of 2nd Earl of Hertford [E., c. 1138] in 1152.4 He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.
---------
From Wikipedia - Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford :
Roger de Clare was a son of Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare and Alice de Gernon. He succeeded to the earldom when his brother Gilbert died without issue. In 1164 he assisted with the Constitutions of Clarendon . From his munificence to the Church and his numerous acts of piety, Roger was called the "Good Earl of Hertford". He married (c. 1150) Maud de St. Hilary (1132 -24 December 1193 ), daughter of James de St. Hilary and Aveline. Together they had seven children.
By Maud de St. Hilary
Mabel de Clare 1160 1204 m. (c. 1175), Nigel de Mowbray.
Richard de Clare c. 1153, Tonbridge Castle, Kent, England November 28 , 1217 6th Earl of Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford
James de Clare 1164, Clare , Suffolk , England.
Eveline (Aveline) de Clare 1164 4 June 1225 m. [1] (c. 1204), Geoffrey IV Fitz Piers (Fitz Peter), 1st Earl of Essex . m. [2] Sir William Munchensy, (b. c. 1184), son of Warin de Munchensy and Agnes Fitz John.
Roger II de Clare 1168 1241, Middleton, Norfolk , England.
John de Clare 1170, Clare, Suffolk, England. Unknown
Henry de Clare 1172, Clare, Suffolk, England. Unknown
Noted events in his life were:
• Adult: by 1156.
• 3rd Earl of Hertford: 1153-1173.
Roger married Maud de St. Hilary,23 462 463 daughter of James de St. Hilary, of Harcourt and Aveline, about 1150. Maud was born in 1132 in <Burkenham, Norfolk>, England and died on 24 Dec 1193 in Norfolk, England at age 61. Other names for Maud were Maud de Saint-Hilaire, Matilda de St. Hilaire du Harcouet, and Matilda de St. Hilary.
Death Notes: May have been 1173
Research Notes: Daughter and heiress of James de St. Hilaire du Harcourt, of Field Dalling, Norfolk
Sources: Wikipedia - John FitzGeoffrey and Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 149-26 (William d'Aubigny)
Children from this marriage were:
+ 312 M i. Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Clare 404 464 465 was born about 1153 in Tonbridge Castle, Tonbridge, Kent, England, died on 30 Dec 1218 in Oxfordshire, England about age 65, and was buried in Clare or Tunbridge Priory.
+ 313 F ii. Aveline de Clare 462 466 was born in 1164 in <Hertford>, England and died by 4 Jun 1225 in England at age 61.
240. Rohese de Monmouth 353 (Rohese FitzRichard163, Gilbert, de Clare111, Richard I, of Clare and Tonbridge72, Giselbert "Crispin" de48, Geoffrey, Count of Eu & Count of Brionne30, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Rohese married Hugh de Lacy.165 467 Hugh was born about 1115 in <Ewias Lacy, Herefordshire>, England, died on 25 Jul 1186 in Durrow, Ireland about age 71, and was buried in Saint Thomas Church, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 314 M i. Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath, Ireland & Weobley, Herefordshire 165 467 468 was born about 1172 in <Ewias Lacy, Herefordshire>, England and died on 24 Feb 1241 about age 69.
241. Sybil, of Anjou 304 305 (Fulk V "the Young", Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem166, Bertrade, de Montfort112, Agnes d'Évreux73, Richard, Count of Évreux49, Robert II, Count of Évreux31, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1112 in <Anjou, France> and died in 1165 about age 53. Another name for Sybil was Sibylla of Anjou.
Research Notes: Second wife of Thierry I of Lorraine (also known as Dietrich I, Count of Alsace).
From Wikipedia - Sibylla of Anjou :
Sibylla of Anjou (c. 1112-1165) was a daughter of Fulk V of Anjou and Ermengarde of Maine , and wife of William Clito and Thierry, Count of Flanders .
In 1123 Sibylla married William Clito, son of the Norman Robert Curthose and future Count of Flanders . Sibylla brought the County of Maine to this marriage, which was annulled in 1124 on grounds of consanguinity . The annulment was made by Pope Honorius II upon request from Henry I of England , William's uncle; Fulk opposed it and did not consent until Honorius excommunicated him and placed an interdict over Anjou . Sibylla then accompanied her widower father to the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem , where he married Melisende , the heiress of the kingdom, and became king himself in 1131. In 1139 she married Thierry, Count of Flanders , who had arrived on his first pilgrimage to the Holy Land.
She returned to Flanders with her new husband, and during his absence on the Second Crusade the pregnant Sibylla acted as regent of the county. Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut took the opportunity to attack Flanders, but Sibylla led a counter-attack and pillaged Hainaut . In response Baldwin ravaged Artois . The archbishop of Reims intervened and a truce was signed, but Thierry took vengeance on Baldwin when he returned in 1149.
In 1157 she travelled with Thierry on his third pilgrimage, but after arriving in Jerusalem she separated from her husband and refused to return home with him. She became a nun at the convent of St. Lazarus in Bethany , where her step-aunt, Ioveta of Bethany , was abbess. Ioveta and Sibylla supported Queen Melisende and held some influence over the church, and supported the election of Amalric of Nesle as Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem over a number of other candidates. Sibylla died in Bethany in 1165.
With Thierry she had six children:
Sybil married Thierry I, of Lorraine, Count of Flanders,207 208 son of Thierry II, Duke of Lorraine and Gertrude, of Flanders, in 1131. Thierry was born about 1099 and died on 17 Jan 1168 about age 69. Other names for Thierry were Dietrich I of Lorraine, Count of Alsace, Thierry of Alsace, and Thierry Count of Flanders.
Research Notes: Youngest son of Thierry II, Duke of Lorraine.
From Wikipedia - Thierry, Count of Flanders :
Thierry of Alsace (Dietrich) (c. 1099 - January 17 , 1168 ), in Flanders known as Diederik van den Elzas, was count of Flanders from 1128 to 1168. He was the youngest son of Duke Thierry II of Lorraine and Gertrude of Flanders (daughter of Robert I of Flanders ). With a record of four campaigns in the Levant and Africa (including participation in the Second Crusade , the failed 1157-1158 siege of the Syrian city Shaizar , and the 1164 invasion of Egypt ), he had a rare and distinguished record of commitment to crusading.
Life
After the murder of his cousin Charles the Good in 1127, Thierry claimed the county of Flanders as grandson of Robert I, but William Clito became count instead with the support of King Louis VI of France . William's politics and attitude towards the autonomy of Flanders made him unpopular, and by the end of the year Bruges , Ghent , Lille , and Saint-Omer recognized Thierry as a rival count. Thierry's supporters came from the Imperial faction of Flanders, and upon his arrival he engaged in battle against William.
Louis VI had Raymond of Martigné , the Archbishop of Reims , excommunicate him, and Louis himself then besieged Lille, but was forced to retire when Henry I of England , William's uncle, transferred his support to Thierry. However, Thierry was defeated at Tielt and Oostkamp and fled to Brugge. He was forced to flee Brugge as well, and went to Aalst , where he was soon under siege from William, Godfrey I of Leuven , and Louis VI. The city was about to be captured when William was found dead on July 27 , 1128 , leaving Thierry as the only claimant to the county.
Thierry set up his government in Ghent and was recognized by all the Flemish cities as well as King Henry, who had his Flemish lords in England swear fealty to him. Thierry himself swore homage to Louis VI after 1132, in order to gain the French king's support against Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut , who had advanced his own claim on Flanders.
In 1132 his wife, Suanhilde, died, leaving only a daughter. In 1139 then went on pilgrimage to the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem , and married Sibylla of Anjou , daughter of King Fulk of Jerusalem and widow of William Clito; a very prestigious marriage.
This was the first of Thierry's four pilgrimages to the Holy Land . While there he also led a victorious expedition against Caesarea Phillippi , and fought alongside his father-in-law in an invasion of Gilead . He soon returned to Flanders to put down a revolt in the Duchy of Lower Lotharingia , ruled at the time by Godfrey III of Leuven .
Thierry went on crusade a second time in 1147 during the Second Crusade . He led the crossing of the Maeander River in Anatolia and fought at the Battla of Attalya in 1148, and after arriving in the crusader Kingdom he participated in the Council of Acre , where the ill-fated decision to attack Damascus was made.
He participated in the Siege of Damascus , led by his wife's half-brother Baldwin III of Jerusalem , and with the support of Baldwin, Louis VII of France , and Conrad III of Germany , he lay claim to Damascus; the native crusader barons preferred one of their own nobles, Guy Brisebarre, lord of Beirut , but in any case the siege was a failure and all parties returned home.
During his absence, Baldwin IV of Hainaut invaded Flanders and pillaged Artois ; Sibylla reacted strongly and had Hainaut pillaged in response. The Archbishop of Reims intervened and a treaty was signed. When Thierry returned in 1150, he took vengeance on Baldwin IV at Bouchain , with the aid of Henry I, Count of Namur and Henry II of Leez , Bishop of Ličge . In the subsequent peace negotiations, Thierry gave his daughter Marguerite in marriage to Baldwin IV's son, the future Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut .
In 1156 Thierry had his eldest son married to Elizabeth of Vermandois , daughter and heiress of Raoul I of Vermandois . In 1156 he returned to the Holy Land, this time with his wife accompanying him. He participated in Baldwin III's siege of Shaizar , but the fortress remained in Muslim hands when a dispute arose between Thierry and Raynald of Chatillon over who would possess it should it be captured. He returned to Flanders 1159 without Sibylla, who remained behind to become a nun at the convent of St. Lazarus in Bethany . Their son Philip had ruled the county in their absence, and he remained co-count after Thierry's return.
In 1164 Thierry returned once more to the Holy Land. He accompanied King Amalric I , another half-brother of Sibylla, to Antioch and Tripoli . He returned home in 1166, and adopted a date palm as his seal, with a crown of laurels on the reverse.
He died on February 4, 1168, and was buried in the Abbey of Watten , between Saint-Omer and Gravelines . His rule had been moderate and peaceful; the highly developed administration of the county in later centuries first began during these years. There had also been great economic and agricultural development, and new commercial enterprises were established; Flanders' greatest territorial expansion occurred under Thierry.
Family
His first wife, Suanhilde, died in 1132, leaving only one daughter:
Laurette of Flanders , who married four times: Iwain, Count of Aalst ; Henry II, Duke of Limburg ; Raoul I of Vermandois , Count of Vermandois ; Henry IV of Luxembourg . Laurette finally retired to a nunnery, where she died in 1170.
Thierry secondly married Sibylla of Anjou , daughter of Fulk V of Anjou and Ermengarde of Maine , and widow of William Clito . Their children were:
Philip of Flanders (died 1191)
Matthew of Alsace (died 1173), married Countess Marie of Boulogne
Margaret I of Flanders (died 1194), married Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut
Gertrude of Flanders (died 1186), married Humbert III of Savoy
Matilda of Flanders, abbess of Fontevrault
Peter of Flanders (died 1176), Bishop of Cambrai
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Flanders: 1128-1168.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 145)
242. Geoffrey V Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy 312 313 314 (Fulk V "the Young", Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem166, Bertrade, de Montfort112, Agnes d'Évreux73, Richard, Count of Évreux49, Robert II, Count of Évreux31, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born on 24 Aug 1113 in Anjou, France, died on 7 Sep 1151 at age 38, and was buried in Le Mans, France. Other names for Geoffrey were Geoffrey V Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy and Geoffrey 'the Fair' Plantagenet Count of Anjou.
Research Notes: Second husband of Matilda.
From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871913 :
'The Fair' Count of Anjou (1129-1151); founder of the Plantagenet dynasty. Geoffey's nickname derived from his physical appearance - he was said to be tall, handsome, graceful and strong. He was also known as Geoffrey Plantagenet, appearantly from the sprig of broom (genet) he wore in his hat. In 1127, aged 14, he was married to Matilda, daughter and heiress of Henry I of England and the widow of the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V. They disliked each other, but maintained an uneasy political alliance and produces three sons, Henry (the future Henry II of England), Geoffrey and William. An illegitimate son, Hamelin became the Duke of Salisbury. Geoffrey spent much of his youth imposing order on his unruly vassals, including his own brother Helias II, Count of Maine, who rebelled against him in 1131; Geoffrey captured Helias and held him prisoner in Tours, Helias died soon after his release from a disease contracted in prison. In 1135 Henry I of England died, and Matilda's cousin Stephen of Blois (RIN # 1643) seized the English throne, together with Normandy, traditionally coveted by the counts of Anjou. Geoffrey laid claim to the duchy in his wife's right. Between 1135-1138 Geoffrey launched four expeditions into Normandy, none of which achieved great success. The expedition in 1137 was striken by dysentery, and forced to return swiftly to Anjou. In 1139 Matilda invaded England, seeking to press her claim to the English throne, and Geoffrey remained in Anjou to continue the war against Normandy. The Morman barons opposed Geoffrey, not through loyalty to Stephen, who had only visited Normandy once, but out of hatred of their traditional enemy, Anjou. However, Norman morale was weakened when Matilda captured Stephen at Lincoln in 1141, and many castles surrendered to Geoffrey, leaving him in control of most of the lands between Bayeux and the Seine. In 1142 he took the Avranchin and Mortain, and in 1143 moved east of the Seine, overunning the Cotentin. He was invested as Duke of Normandy in 144 after the fall of Rouen, and Arques, the last castle opposing him, capitulated in 1145, leaving him unchallenged master of Normandy. After the conquest of Normandy, Geoffrey joined Louis VII of France in the abortive Second Crusade (1147-9), returning in 1149. In 1150 he ceded Normandy to his son Henry, who also inhereted the family claim to the English throne. Geoffrey died in 1151, and was buried in Le Mans Cathedral; founder of a great dynasty of kings through his son, Henry II of England. For more on the Second Crusade, see RIN # 1618.
!The Plantagenet Chronicles: 38-63,80,102,140,154
----
From Wikipedia - Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou :
Geoffrey (24 August 1113 - 7 September 1151), called the Handsome (French : le Bel) and Plantagenet, was the Count of Anjou , Touraine , and Maine by inheritance from 1129 and then Duke of Normandy by conquest from 1144. By his marriage to the Empress Matilda , daughter and heiress of Henry I of England , Geoffrey had a son, Henry Curtmantle , who succeeded to the English throne and founded the Plantagenet dynasty to which Geoffrey gave his nickname.
Biography
Geoffrey was the elder son of Fulk V of Anjou and Eremburga of La Flčche , heiress of Elias I of Maine . Geoffrey received his nickname for the yellow sprig of broom blossom (genęt is the French name for the genista, or broom shrub) he wore in his hat as a badge. King Henry I of England, having heard good reports on Geoffrey's talents and prowess, sent his royal legates to Anjou to negotiate a marriage between Geoffrey and his own daughter, Matilda. Consent was obtained from both parties, and on 10 June 1128 the fifteen-year-old Geoffrey was knighted in Rouen by King Henry in preparation for the wedding. Interestingly, there was no opposition to the marriage from the Church, despite the fact that Geoffrey's sister was the widow of Matilda's brother (only son of King Henry) which fact had been used to annul the marriage of another of Geoffrey's sisters to the Norman pretender William Clito .
On 17 June 1128 Geoffrey married Empress Matilda, the daughter and heiress of King Henry I of England by his first wife Edith of Scotland , and widow of Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor . The marriage was meant to seal a peace between England/Normandy and Anjou. She was eleven years older than Geoffrey, very proud of her status as an Empress (as opposed to being a mere Countess). Their marriage was a stormy one with frequent long separations, but she bore him three sons and survived him.
The year after the marriage Geoffrey's father left for Jerusalem (where he was to become king ), leaving Geoffrey behind as count of Anjou. John of Marmoutier describes Geoffrey as handsome, red-headed, jovial, and a great warrior; however, Ralph of Diceto alleges that his charm concealed his cold and selfish character.
When King Henry I died in 1135, Matilda at once entered Normandy to claim her inheritance. The border districts submitted to her, but England chose her cousin Stephen of Blois for its king, and Normandy soon followed suit. The following year, Geoffrey gave Ambrieres, Gorron, and Chatilon-sur-Colmont to Juhel de Mayenne, on condition that he help obtain the inheritance of Geoffrey's wife. In 1139 Matilda landed in England with 140 knights, where she was besieged at Arundel Castle by King Stephen. In the "Anarchy" which ensued, Stephen was captured at Lincoln in February, 1141, and imprisoned at Bristol. A legatine council of the English church held at Winchester in April 1141 declared Stephen deposed and proclaimed Matilda "Lady of the English". Stephen was subsequently released from prison and had himself recrowned on the anniversary of his first coronation.
During 1142 and 1143, Geoffrey secured all of Normandy west and south of the Seine, and, on 14 January 1144, he crossed the Seine and entered Rouen. He assumed the title of Duke of Normandy in the summer of 1144. In 1144, he founded an Augustine priory at Chateau-l'Ermitage in Anjou. Geoffrey held the duchy until 1149, when he and Matilda conjointly ceded it to their son, Henry, which cession was formally ratified by King Louis VII of France the following year.
Geoffrey also put down three baronial rebellions in Anjou, in 1129, 1135, and 1145-1151. He was often at odds with his younger brother, Elias , whom he had imprisoned until 1151. The threat of rebellion slowed his progress in Normandy, and is one reason he could not intervene in England. In 1153, the Treaty of Westminster allowed Stephen should remain King of England for life and that Henry, the son of Geoffrey and Matilda should succeed him.
Geoffrey died suddenly on September 7, 1151. According to John of Marmoutier, Geoffrey was returning from a royal council when he was stricken with fever. He arrived at Château-du-Loir , collapsed on a couch, made bequests of gifts and charities, and died. He was buried at St. Julien's Cathedral in Le Mans France. Geoffrey and Matilda's children were:
Henry II of England (1133-1189)
Geoffrey, Count of Nantes (1 June 1134 Rouen - 26 July 1158 Nantes ) died unmarried and was buried in Nantes
William X, Count of Poitou (1136-1164) died unmarried
Geoffrey also had illegitimate children by an unknown mistress (or mistresses): Hamelin ; Emme, who married Dafydd Ab Owain Gwynedd , Prince of North Wales ; and Mary, who became a nun and Abbess of Shaftesbury and who may be the poetess Marie de France . Adelaide of Angers is sometimes sourced as being the mother of Hamelin.
The first reference to Norman heraldry was in 1128, when Henry I of England knighted his son-in-law Geoffrey and granted him a badge of gold lions (or leopards ) on a blue background. (A gold lion may already have been Henry's own badge.) Henry II used two gold lions and two lions on a red background are still part of the arms of Normandy. Henry's son, Richard I , added a third lion to distinguish the arms of England.
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Anjou, Touraine and Maine: 1129-1151.
• Duke of Normandy: 1144-1151.
Geoffrey married Empress Matilda, Countess of Anjou,214 215 daughter of Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England and Matilda, of Scotland, on 22 May 1128 in Le Mans, France. Matilda was born about 7 Feb 1102 and died on 10 Sep 1167 about age 65. Other names for Matilda were Mathilda of England, Empress Maud Countess of Anjou, and Maude of England.
Marriage Notes: Marriage date may have been 3 April 1127 (Ancestral Roots Line 1-23). Line 118-25 (Geoffrey V) has m. 22 May 1127.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots Line 1-23 has b. abt. 1102-1104; Line 118-25 has b. 1104.
Some other source has b. Feb 1101
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Empress Matilda :
Empress Matilda, also known as Matilda of England or Maude (c. 7 February 1102 - 10 September 1167) was the daughter and heir of King Henry I of England . Matilda and her younger brother, William Adelin , were the only legitimate children of King Henry. Her brother died young in the White ship disaster , leaving Matilda as the last heir from the paternal line of her grandfather William the Conqueror .
As a child, Matilda was betrothed and later married to Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor . From her marriage to Henry, she acquired the title Empress. The couple had no known children. When widowed, she was married to the much younger Geoffrey of Anjou , by whom she became the mother of three sons, the eldest of whom became King Henry II of England .
Matilda was the first female ruler of the Kingdom of England . However the length of her effective rule was quite brief - a few months in 1141 - and she was never crowned and failed to consolidate her rule (legally and politically). Because of this she is normally excluded from lists of English monarchs, and her rival (and cousin) Stephen of Blois is routinely listed as monarch for the period 1135-1154. Their warring rivalry for the throne led to years of unrest and civil war in England that have been called The Anarchy . She did secure her inheritance of the Duchy of Normandy - through the military feats of her husband Geoffrey - and she campaigned unstintingly for her oldest son's inheritance, living to see him ascend the throne in 1154.
(In Latin texts Matilda was sometimes called Maude . This is a modernised spelling of the Norman-French form of her name, Mahaut.)
Early life
Matilda was the firstborn of two children to Henry I of England and his wife Matilda of Scotland (also known as Edith). Her maternal grandparents were Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret of Scotland . Margaret was daughter of Edward the Exile and granddaughter of Edmund II of England . (Most historians believe Matilda was born at Winchester , but one, John Fletcher (1990), argues for the possibility of the royal palace at Sutton Courtenay in Oxfordshire .)
First marriage: Holy Roman Empress
When she was seven years old, Matilda was betrothed to Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor ; at nine, she was sent to the Holy Roman Empire (Germany) to begin training for the life of Empress consort . The royal couple were married at Worms on January 7, 1114, and Matilda accompanied her husband on tours to Rome and Tuscany . After time, the young wife of the Emperor acted as regent , mainly in Italy, in his absence[1]. Emperor Henry died in 1125. The imperial couple had no surviving offspring, but Herman of Tournai states that Matilda bore a son who lived only a short while.
Despite being popularly known by the title "Empress " from her first marriage, Matilda's right to the title was dubious. She was never crowned Holy Roman Empress by a legitimate Pope - which ceremony was normally required to achieve the title; indeed, in later years she encouraged chroniclers to believe she had been crowned by the Pope. Contemporary, she was called German Queen by her husband's bishops, while her formal title was recorded as "Queen of the Romans". Still, "Empress" was arguably an appropriate courtesy title for the wife of an Emperor who had been crowned by the Pope.
In 1120 her brother William Adelin was drowned in the disastrous wreck of the White Ship , which left Matilda as the only legitimate child of her father King Henry . Like Matilda, her cousin Stephen of Blois was a grandchild of William (the Conqueror) of Normandy ; but her paternal line made her senior in right of succession to his maternal line.
Second marriage: Countess of Anjou
Matilda returned to England a young widow, age 23, and dowager "Empress" - a status of considerable pride to her. There Henry named her his heir to both the English throne and his Duchy of Normandy . Henry saw to it that the Anglo-Norman barons (including Stephen of Blois ) were sworn (several times) to accept Matilda as ruler if Henry died without a male heir.
Henry then arranged a second marriage for Matilda; as he aimed to achieve peace between the fractious barons of Normandy and Anjou. On 17 June 1128, Matilda, aged 26, was married to Geoffrey of Anjou , aged 15, who also was Count of Maine and heir apparent to (his father) the Count of Anjou - which title he soon acquired, and by which Matilda became Countess of Anjou. It was a title she rarely used. Geoffrey called himself "Plantagenet " from the broom flower (planta genista) he adopted as his personal emblem. So Plantagenet became the dynastic name of that powerful line of English kings who descended from Matilda and Geoffrey.
Matilda's marriage with Geoffrey was troubled; there were frequent long separations, but they had three sons and she survived him. The eldest son, Henry , was born on 5 March 1133. In 1134, she nearly died in childbirth, following the birth of her second son, Geoffrey, Count of Nantes . A third son, William X, Count of Poitou , was born in 1136.
When her father died in Normandy, on 1 December 1135, Matilda was with her husband, in Anjou ; and, crucially, too far away from events rapidly unfolding in England and Normandy. Stephen of Blois rushed to England upon learning of Henry's death; in London he moved quickly to grasp the crown of England from its appointed heir.
But Matilda was game to contest Stephen in both realms; she and her husband Geoffrey entered Normandy and began military campaigns to claim her inheritance. Progress was uneven at first, but she persevered; even so, it was not until 1139 that Matilda felt secure enough in Normandy to turn her attentions to invading England and fighting Stephen directly.
In Normandy, Geoffrey secured all fiefdoms west and south of the Seine by 1143; in January 1144, he crossed the Seine and took Rouen without resistance. He assumed the title Duke of Normandy , and Matilda became Duchess of Normandy. Geoffrey and Matilda held the duchy conjointly until 1149, then ceded it to their son, Henry, which event was soon ratified by King Louis VII of France .
Struggle for throne of England
On the death of her father, Henry I, in 1135, Matilda expected to succeed to the throne of England , but her cousin, Stephen of Blois , a nephew of Henry I, usurped the throne with the support of most of the barons, breaking the oath he had previously made to defend her rights. The civil war which followed was bitter and prolonged, with neither side gaining the ascendancy for long, but it was not until 1139 that Matilda could command the military strength necessary to challenge Stephen within his own realm. Stephen's wife, the Countess of Boulogne who was also named Matilda , was the Empress's maternal cousin. During the war, Matilda's most loyal and capable supporter was her illegitimate half-brother, Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester .
Matilda's greatest triumph came in April 1141, when her forces defeated and captured King Stephen at the Battle of Lincoln . He was made a prisoner and effectively deposed.
Her advantage lasted only a few months. When she marched on London , the city was ready to welcome her and support her coronation . She used the title of Lady of the English and planned to assume the title of queen upon coronation (the custom which was followed by her grandsons, Richard and John ).[2] However, she refused the citizens' request to have their taxes halved and, because of her own arrogance [2], she found the gates of London shut and the civil war reignited on 24 June 1141. By November, Stephen was free, having been exchanged for the captured Robert of Gloucester, and a year later, the tables were turned when Matilda was besieged at Oxford but escaped to Wallingford , supposedly by fleeing across the snow-covered land in a white cape. In 1141 she had escaped Devizes in a similarly clever manner, by disguising herself as a corpse and being carried out for burial. In 1148, Matilda and Henry returned to Normandy , following the death of Robert of Gloucester, and the reconquest of that county by her husband. Upon their arrival, Geoffrey turned Normandy over to his son, and retired to his own county of Anjou .
Later life
Matilda's first son, Henry , was showing signs of becoming a successful leader. Although the civil war had been decided in Stephen's favour, his reign was troubled. In 1153, the death of his son Eustace, combined with the arrival of a military expedition led by Henry, led him to acknowledge the latter as his heir by the Treaty of Wallingford .
Matilda retired to Rouen in Normandy during her last years, where she maintained her own court and presided over the government of the duchy in the absence of Henry. She intervened in the quarrels between her eldest son Henry and her second son Geoffrey, but peace between the brothers was brief. Geoffrey rebelled against Henry twice before his sudden death in 1158. Relations between Henry and his youngest brother, William X, Count of Poitou , were more cordial, and William was given vast estates in England. Archbishop Thomas Becket refused to allow William to marry the Countess of Surrey and the young man fled to Matilda's court at Rouen. William, who was his mother's favourite child, died there in January 1164, reportedly of disappointment and sorrow. She attempted to mediate in the quarrel between her son Henry and Becket, but was unsuccessful.
Although she gave up hope of being crowned in 1141, her name always preceded that of her son Henry, even after he became king. Matilda died at Notre Dame du Pré near Rouen and was buried in the Abbey church of Bec-Hellouin, Normandy. Her body was transferred to the Rouen Cathedral in 1847; her epitaph reads: "Great by Birth, Greater by Marriage, Greatest in her Offspring: Here lies Matilda, the daughter, wife, and mother of Henry."
(Duplicate Line. See Person 148)
Geoffrey had a relationship with < >. This couple did not marry.
+ 315 M i. Hamelin Plantagenet, 5th Earl of Surrey 410 411 412 was born about 1129, died on 7 May 1202 about age 73, and was buried in Chapter House, Lewes Priory, Surrey, England.
243. Adelize de Gernon 23 245 348 (Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester168, Ranulph II, Vicomte of Bayeux in Normandy114, Alice, of Normandy74, Richard III, Duke of Normandy50, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1094 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England and died in 1128 about age 34. Other names for Adelize were Alice de Gernon, Alicia de Gernon, Adeliza de Meschines, and Alice de Meschines.
Birth Notes: Wikipedia has b. abt 1102
Adelize married Richard FitzGilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Hertford,23 244 245 246 son of Gilbert FitzRichard, de Clare and Adelaide de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis, about 1116. Richard was born between 1084 and 1090 in <Hertford, Hertfordshire>, England, was christened in Clare, Suffolk, England, died on 15 Apr 1136 in [near Abergavenny], Monmouthshire, England, and was buried in Gloucester. Other names for Richard were Richard de Clare Earl of Hertford and Earl of Clare, Richard FitzGilbert de Clare Lord of Clare, Suffolk, Richard Fitz Gilbert Lord of Clare, and Suffolk.
Death Notes: Slain by the Welsh near Abergavenny
Research Notes: From thepeerage.com:
Richard FitzGilbert was also known as Richard de Clare.1 He succeeded to the title of 3rd Lord of Clare [feudal baron] circa 1117.1 He is supposed to have been created Earl of Hertford by King Stephen I (or by King Henry I), but Cokayne states that there is no grounds for this belief.1 He founded the Priory of Tonbridge.1 He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.
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From Wikipedia - Richard de Clare, 1st Earl of Hertford :
Lineage
Richard FitzGilbert de Clare. 1st Earl of Hertford (1094-15 April 1136 ) was the son of Gilbert Fitz Richard de Clare and Alice de Claremont also known as Adeliza de Claremont .
He founded the priory of Tonbridge .
Welsh revolt
Richard held the Lordship of Ceredigion in Wales . A Welsh revolt against Norman rule had begun in south Wales where, on 1 January 1136 the Welsh won a victory over the local Norman forces between Loughor and Swansea .
Ambush & death
Richard had been away from his lordship in the early part of the year. Returning to the borders of Wales in April, he ignored warnings of the danger and pressed on toward Ceredigion with only a small force. He had not gone far when he was ambushed and killed by the men of Gwent under Iorwerth ab Owain and his brother Morgan, grandsons of Caradog ap Gruffydd , in a woody tract called "the ill-way of Coed Grano", near Llanthony Abbey , north of Abergavenny .
Spur for Welsh invasion
The news of Richard's death induced Owain Gwynedd , son of Gruffydd ap Cynan , king of Gwynedd to invade his Lordship. In alliance with Gruffydd ap Rhys of Deheubarth , he won a crushing victory over the Normans at the Battle of Crug Mawr , just outside Cardigan . The town of Cardigan was taken and burnt, and Richard's widow, Adelize, took refuge in Cardigan Castle , which was successfully defended by Robert fitz Martin . She was rescued by Miles of Gloucester who led an expedition to bring her to safety in England .
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Clare, Suffolk:
(Duplicate Line. See Person 162)
244. Ranulf IV, de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester 13 360 361 (Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester168, Ranulph II, Vicomte of Bayeux in Normandy114, Alice, of Normandy74, Richard III, Duke of Normandy50, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1100 in Gernon Castle, Normandy, France, died on 16 Dec 1153 about age 53, and was buried in St. Werburg's, Chester, Cheshire, England. Other names for Ranulf were Ranulph de Gernon 2nd Earl of Chester, Ranulph de Gernon Earl of Chester, Vicomte d'Avranches in Normandy, Ranulf de Guernan Earl of Chester, Vicomte d'Avranches, and Ranulph "de Gernon" de Meschines Earl of Chester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester :
Ranulf II, also known as Ranulf le Meschin or Ranulf de Gernon inherited his palatine earldom in 1128 aged 28, upon the death of his father who was descended from the Counts of Bayeux , Calvados Normandy .
Early life
Note: He is the 4th Ranulf (ie Ranulf IV) but he is the 2nd Earl of Chester.
Ranulf was born at Gernon castle , Normandy around 1100 to Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester (should be: Ranulf III, 1st Earl of Chester [of the second creation]) and Lucia Taillebois of Mercia , England. His parents were both significant landowners and he had considerable autonomy within the palatine .
[Much more available in Wikipedia]
Monastic foundation
He founded a North Welsh Cistercian Abbey in 1131 which was colonised by monks from the Norman house, the Congregation of Savigny .
[edit ] The death of the Earl (1153)
In 1153 Ranulf survived a failed attempt at murder by poison by one of his arch-enemies, William Peverel the Younger , when he was guest at Peverel's house. William had poisoned the wine that Ranulf and his men had drunk. Three of Ranulf's men died but the Earl recovered, though he suffered agonizingly, as he had drunk less than his men. William was exiled from England after Henry took the crown as he was accused of poisoning Ranulf and his retainers. The Earl died the same year (due to the poisoning?), on the 16 December 1153 . One other notable event of 1153, was that Duke Henry granted Ranulf Staffordshire . After his death, the Earl's son and heir Hugh was allowed to inherit Ranulf's lands as held in 1135, and other honours bestowed upon Ranulf were revoked.
Ranulf married Maud FitzRobert, of Gloucester,219 317 318 daughter of Robert de Caen, 1st Earl of Gloucester and Mabel FitzHamon, of Gloucester, about 1141. Maud was born about 1120 in Glouchestershire, England and died on 29 Jul 1190 in Chester, Cheshire, England about age 70. Another name for Maud was Maud de Caen of Gloucester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Maud of Gloucester
Maud of Gloucester, Countess of Chester (died 29 July 1190), also known as Maud FitzRobert, was an Anglo-Norman noblewoman, and the daughter of Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester , an illegitimate son of King Henry I of England . Her husband was Ranulf de Gernon , 4th Earl of Chester, whom she allegedly poisoned with the assistance of William Peverel of Nottingham .[1]
Family
Lady Maud FitzRobert was born on an unknown date, the daughter of Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester and Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester . She had seven siblings including William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester and Roger, Bishop of Worcester . She also had an illegitimate half-brother, Richard, Bishop of Bayeux, whom her father sired by Isabel de Douvres.
Her paternal grandparents were King Henry I of England and his mistress, Sybil Corbet. Her maternal grandparents were Robert FitzHamon , Lord of Gloucester and Glamorgan , and Sybil de Montgomery, daughter of Roger de Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Mabel Talvas of Belleme.
Marriage and children
Sometime before 1141, Lady Maud married Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester. She assumed the title of Countess of Chester upon her marriage. Her husband had considerable autonomy in his palatine earldom.
Shortly after their marriage, in January 1141, Maud was besieged at Lincoln Castle by the forces of King Stephen of England . A relief army, loyal to Empress Matilda and led by her father, defeated the King in the fierce fighting which followed, which became known as the First Battle of Lincoln . In return for his help in repelling the King's troops, Maud's father compelled Ranulf to swear fealty to his half-sister Matilda. Ranulf was seized by King Stephen at court in Northampton on 29 August 1146. Stephen later granted him the castle and city of Lincoln sometime after 1151.[2]
Together Ranulf and Maud had three children:
Ranulf had an illegitimate son, Robert FitzCount (died before 1166), by an unknown mistress. His date of birth was not recorded. Robert married as her second husband, Agnes FitzNeel.
On 16 December 1153, Maud allegedly poisoned her husband with the assistance of William Peverel of Nottingham. In 1172, she founded Repton Priory in Derbyshire .[3]
The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property Wadinton de feodo comitis Cestrie, held by Maud, Countess of Chester.[2]
Maud died on 29 July 1190. The Annals of Tewkesbury records the death in 1190 of Maud, Countess of Chester.[2]
(Duplicate Line. See Person 214)
245. Maud la Meschine 13 363 (William le Meschin, Lord of Skipton-in-Craven, Yorkshire169, Ranulph II, Vicomte of Bayeux in Normandy114, Alice, of Normandy74, Richard III, Duke of Normandy50, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1126 in <Harringworth, Northumberland>, England and died after 1190. Other names for Maud were Matilda la Meschin, Matilda de Meschines, and Maud de Meschines.
Research Notes: Daughter and coheiress of William le Meschin; inherited manor of Molland, Devon, held by her maternal grandfather, Robert de Rumilly.
Maud married Philip de Belmeis, Lord of Tong, Salop and Ashby, co. Leicester,13 469 son of Walter de Belmeis and Unknown, by 1138 or 1139. Philip was born about 1110 in <Harringworth, Northamptonshire>, England. Another name for Philip was Phillip de Belmeis.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132C-27 and 132B-27 (Maud la Meschin)
The child from this marriage was:
+ 316 F i. Alice de Belmeis 13 was born about 1160 in <Harringworth, Northamptonshire>, England.
Maud next married Hugh de Mortimer, Lord Mortimer of Wigmore, Herefordshire,67 263 469 son of Ralph de Mortimer and Milisent Ferrers, Betw 1148 and 1153. Hugh was born about 1108 in <Wigmore, Herefordshire>, England and died in 1181 about age 73.
Death Notes: FamilySearch has d. 1185
Research Notes: Second husband of Maud la Meschin.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132C-27 and 132B-27 (Maud la Meschin)
From Wikipedia - Hugh de Mortimer :
Hugh de Mortimer (before 1117 to 26 Feb 1180/1) was a Norman English medieval baron .
Lineage
The son of Hugh de Mortimer (b ? - d 26 Feb 1148/50), the son of Ralf de Mortimer , he was Lord of Wigmore Castle , Cleobury Mortimer and at times, Bridgnorth , Bishop's Castle and Maelienydd .
Anarchy
During the Anarchy of King Stephen 's reign, Mortimer was an ardant royalist until at least 1148. This was because Wigmore Castle had been confiscated from his father by King Henry I . He only seems to have returned to England from his Norman estates in 1137.
Private Wars
He did quarrel violently with his neighbouring Lords, most notably with Miles, earl of Hereford , his son Roger and Josse de Dinant , lord of Ludlow . The latter ambushed Mortimer and only released him after the payment of a substantial ransom. During this time Mortimer also took over the Royal castle at Bridgnorth .
Opposition to King Henry II
Hugh was one of the Barons who objected to Henry II 's demand for the return of Royal castles in 1155. Henry II launched a campaign in May 1155 against Hugh, simultaneously besieging his three principal castles of Wigmore , Bridgnorth and Cleobury Castles. On 7 July 1155 , Hugh formally submitted to Henry II at the Council at Bridgnorth. He was allowed to keep his own two castles (though Cleobury had been destroyed during the siege) but Bridgnorth returned to the crown[1].
Marriage & Issue
Between 1148 and 1153 Hugh married Maud Le Meschin , daughter of William Le Meschin , lord of Skipton , Yorkshire, and Cecily de Rumigny . Matilda was the widow of Philip Belmeis of Tong . Their son Roger Mortimer of Wigmore succeeded his father as lord of Wigmore.
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Wigmore Castle:
• Lord of Cleobury Mortimer:
The child from this marriage was:
+ 317 M i. Roger de Mortimer, of Wigmore 67 470 471 was born before 1153 in <Wigmore, Herefordshire>, England, died on 24 Jun 1214 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England, and was buried in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England.
246. Clémence de Bar-le-Duc, Countess of Dammartin 67 365 (Renaud I, Count of Mousson, Count of Bar-le-Duc170, Ermentrude, of Burgundy116, Guillaume I de Bourgogne75, Adelais, de Normandie51, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1110 in <Dammartin, Île-de-France>, France and died after 20 Jan 1183. Another name for Clémence was Clemence de Bar.
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1183.
Clémence married Renaud, de Clermont.285
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis:
Clémence next married Renaud II, Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis,67 285 286 son of Hugh de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis and Marguerite de Rameru, about 1140. Renaud was born about 1108 in Clermont, Oise, France and died about 1162 about age 54. Another name for Renaud was Renaud de Clermont.
Research Notes: Second husband of Clémence de Bar-le-Duc. Fathered at least 7 children.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 195)
247. Peter, of France, Count of Montargis and Courtenay 366 (Adelaide, of Savoy171, Gisele, of Burgundy117, Guillaume I de Bourgogne75, Adelais, de Normandie51, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1125 and died between 1179 and 1183 in Palestine.
Research Notes: Crusader in 1147.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 117-25. Line 107-26 (Elizabeth de Courtenay) has b. abt. 1121, d. 1179-10 Apr 1183.
Peter married Elizabeth de Courtenay, Dame de Courtenay, daughter of Renaud de Courtenay, Sire de Courtenay and Helvis, du Donjon and Corbeil, about 1150. Elizabeth was born before 1150 and died after 1205. Another name for Elizabeth was Isabel de Courtenay Dame de Courtenay.
Research Notes: Heiress of Courtenay.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 107-26
Children from this marriage were:
+ 318 F i. Alix de Courtenay 472 473 died in 1218.
+ 319 M ii. Peter de Courtenay, Count of Courtenay 474 was born about 1155 and died before Jan 1218 in Epirus.
248. Maud, of Savoy 48 326 327 (Amadeus III, Count of Savoy, Maurienne and Turin172, Gisele, of Burgundy117, Guillaume I de Bourgogne75, Adelais, de Normandie51, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1125 in <Chambéry, Savoie>, France, died on 4 Nov 1158 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 33, and was buried in Igreja Santa Cruz, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Other names for Maud were Mafalda of Savoy, Mahaut of Savoy, Mathilda of Savoy, and Matilde Countess of Savoy.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has d. 1157
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Maud of Savoy :
Maud of Savoy (1125 -1158 ), also known as Mafalda, Mahaut or Matilda (in Portuguese always as Mafalda),was the first queen of Portugal. She was Queen consort of Portugal through her marriage to King Afonso I of Portugal (of the House of Burgundy ; first king of Portugal ) in 1146 .
She was the second or third daughter of Amadeus III of Savoy , Count of Savoy and Maurienne , and Mahaut of Albon (the sister of Guigues IV, Comte d'Albon , "le Dauphin").
Afonso's and Maud descendants
Maud married Afonso I, King of Portugal,229 230 son of Henry, of Burgundy, Count of Portugal and Theresa, of Leon and Castile, before Jun 1146 in Chambéry, Savoie, France. Afonso was born on 25 Jul 1109 in Viseu, Viseu, Portugal, died on 6 Dec 1185 in Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal at age 76, and was buried in Santa Cruz Monastery, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Other names for Afonso were Affonso I "the Conqueror" King of Portugal and the Algarves, Afonso Henriques King of Portugal, Alfonso I King of Portugal, and Henriquez I King of Portugal.
Research Notes: First king of Portugal.
From Wikipedia - Afonso I of Portugal :
Afonso I (English Alphonzo or Alphonse), more commonly known as Afonso Henriques (pronounced [?'fősu ?'?ik??] ), or also Affonso (Archaic Portuguese), Alfonso or Alphonso (Portuguese-Galician ) or Alphonsus (Latin version), (Viseu , 1109 , traditionally July 25 - Coimbra , 1185 December 6 ), also known as the Conqueror (Port. o Conquistador), was the first King of Portugal , declaring his independence from León .
Life
Afonso I was the son of Henry of Burgundy, Count of Portugal and Teresa of León , the illegitimate daughter of King Alfonso VI of Castile and León . He was proclaimed King on July 26 , 1139 , immediately after the Battle of Ourique , and died on December 6 , 1185 in Coimbra .
At the end of the 11th century , the Iberian Peninsula political agenda was mostly concerned with the Reconquista , the driving out of the Muslim successor-states to the Caliphate of Cordoba after its collapse. With European military aristocracies focused on the Crusades , Alfonso VI called for the help of the French nobility to deal with the Moors . In exchange, he was to give the hands of his daughters in wedlock to the leaders of the expedition and bestow royal privileges to the others. Thus, the royal heiress Urraca of Castile wedded Raymond of Burgundy , younger son of the Count of Burgundy , and her half-sister, princess Teresa of León , wedded his cousin, another French crusader, Henry of Burgundy , younger brother of the Duke of Burgundy . Henry was made Count of Portugal, a burdensome county south of Galicia , where Moorish incursions and attacks were to be expected. With his wife Teresa as co-ruler of Portugal, Henry withstood the ordeal and held the lands for his father-in-law.
From this wedlock several sons were born, but only one, Afonso Henriques (meaning "Afonso son of Henry") thrived. The boy, probably born around 1109, followed his father as Count of Portugal in 1112 , under the tutelage of his mother. The relations between Teresa and her son Afonso proved difficult. Only eleven years old, Afonso already had his own political ideas, greatly different from his mother's. In 1120 , the young prince took the side of the archbishop of Braga , a political foe of Teresa, and both were exiled by her orders. Afonso spent the next years away from his own county , under the watch of the bishop. In 1122 Afonso became fourteen, the adult age in the 12th century . He made himself a knight on his own account in the Cathedral of Zamora , raised an army , and proceeded to take control of his lands. Near Guimarăes , at the Battle of Săo Mamede (1128 ) he overcame the troops under his mother's lover and ally Count Fernando Peres de Trava of Galicia , making her his prisoner and exiling her forever to a monastery in León . Thus the possibility of incorporating Portugal into a Kingdom of Galicia was eliminated and Afonso become sole ruler (Duke of Portugal) after demands for independence from the county's people, church and nobles. He also vanquished Alfonso VII of Castile and León , another of his mother's allies, and thus freed the county from political dependence on the crown of León and Castile . On April 6 , 1129 , Afonso Henriques dictated the writ in which he proclaimed himself Prince of Portugal.
...In 1169 , Afonso was disabled in an engagement near Badajoz by a fall from his horse , and made prisoner by the soldiers of the king of León. Portugal was obliged to surrender as his ransom almost all the conquests Afonso had made in Galicia in the previous years.
In 1179 the privileges and favours given to the Roman Catholic Church were compensated. In the papal bull Manifestis Probatum , Pope Alexander III acknowledged Afonso as King and Portugal as an independent land with the right to conquer lands from the Moors. With this papal blessing, Portugal was at last secured as a country and safe from any Castilian attempts at annexation.
In 1184 , in spite of his great age, he still had sufficient energy to relieve his son Sancho, who was besieged in Santarém by the Moors. He died shortly after, on December 6 , 1185 .
The Portuguese revere him as a hero, both on account of his personal character and as the founder of their nation . There are stories that it would take 10 men to carry his sword, and that Afonso would want to engage other monarchs in personal combat, but no one would dare accept his challenge.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 156)
249. Maud de St. Liz 236 237 238 (Maud, of Huntingdon173, Judith, of Lens119, Adelaide, of Normandy, Countess of Aumale77, Robert I, Duke of Normandy52, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died in 1140. Other names for Maud were Matilda of St Liz, Maud de Senlis, and Maud de Senliz.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots, line 130-27 has "d. 1140 (or 1158/63?)"
Research Notes: From Magna Charta Barons, p. 120:
Saier de Quincey, who had a grant from Henry II. of the manor of Bushby, Northamptonshire. He m. Maud de St. Liz, probably a daughter of Simon de St. Liz, a noble Norman, who was created Earl of Northampton and Huntingdon, and his wife Maud, daughter and coheiress of Waltheof, first Earl of Northampton and Northumberland, who, conspiring against the Normans, was beheaded, in 1075, at Winchester, although his wife was a niece of the Conqueror. Waltheof was the son of Syward, the celebrated Saxon Earl of Northumberland.
Maud married Robert Fitz Richard, Lord of Little Dunmow, Essex,160 161 son of Richard I FitzGilbert, of Clare and Tonbridge and Rohese Giffard, about 1114. Robert was born in 1064 and died about 1136 about age 72. Another name for Robert was Robert FitzRichard Lord of Little Dunmow, Essex.
Research Notes: First husband of Maud de St. Liz.
From Wikipedia - Robert Fitz Richard :
Robert Fitz Richard (1064-1136), entitled Robert Fitz Richard, Lord of Little Dunmow, Baron of Baynard , was a Norman landowner in England. His estates near Little Dunmow are said[1] to have been given to him after confiscation from Ralph Baynard , who had them earlier[2].
He was steward under Henry I of England [3] and under Stephen of England [4]. He served for a period as High Sheriff of Yorkshire
Family
He was the son of Sir Richard Fitz Gilbert , Lord of Clare and Tonbridge (c. 1035-1090) and Rohese Giffard, (b. c. 1034), daughter of Sir Walter Giffard, Lord of Longueville ,[5] and Agnes Flatel.[6]
He married (c. 1114), Maud de St. Liz, daughter of Sir Simon de St Liz, Earl of Northampton , and Maud de Huntingdon .
Children were:
Noted events in his life were:
• Steward: under Henry II.
• High Sheriff: of Yorkshire.
• Steward: under Stephen of England.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 110)
Maud next married Saer I de Quincy, Lord of Daventry 475 476 after 1136. Another name for Saer was Saher I de Quincy Lord of Daventry.
Research Notes: 2nd husband of Maud de St. Liz.
From Wikipedia - Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester :
The family of de Quincy had arrived in England after the Norman Conquest , and took their name from Cuinchy in the Arrondissement of Béthune ; the personal name "Saer" was used by them over several generations. Both names are variously spelled in primary sources and older modern works, the first name being sometimes rendered Saher or Seer, and the surname as Quency or Quenci.
The first recorded Saer de Quincy (known to historians as "Saer I") was lord of the manor of Long Buckby in Northamptonshire in the earlier twelfth century, and second husband of Matilda of St Liz , stepdaughter of King David I of Scotland . This marriage produced two sons, Saer II and Robert de Quincy . It was Robert, the younger son, who was the father of the Saer de Quincy who eventually became Earl of Winchester. By her first husband Robert Fitz Richard , Matilda was also the paternal grandmother of Earl Saer's close ally, Robert Fitzwalter.
----------
From Magna Charta Barons, p. 120:
Saier de Quincey, who had a grant from Henry II. of the manor of Bushby, Northamptonshire. He m. Maud de St. Liz, probably a daughter of Simon de St. Liz, a noble Norman, who was created Earl of Northampton and Huntingdon, and his wife Maud, daughter and coheiress of Waltheof, first Earl of Northampton and Northumberland, who, conspiring against the Normans, was beheaded, in 1075, at Winchester, although his wife was a niece of the Conqueror. Waltheof was the son of Syward, the celebrated Saxon Earl of Northumberland.
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Long Buckby: Northamptonshire, England.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 320 M i. Robert de Quincy, Lord of Buckley and of Fawside 237 477 died before 1197.
+ 321 M ii. Saer II de Quincy .237
250. Henry, of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon 200 302 (Maud, of Huntingdon173, Judith, of Lens119, Adelaide, of Normandy, Countess of Aumale77, Robert I, Duke of Normandy52, Richard II, Duke of Normandy32, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1114 and died on 12 Jun 1152 at age 38. Another name for Henry was Henry Prince of Scotland.
Research Notes: Eldest son of David I, King of Scots.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 170-23
Henry married Ada de Warenne,133 200 204 daughter of William II de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey and Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester, in 1139. Ada died about 1178. Another name for Ada was Adeline de Warren.
Research Notes: Widow of Conale Petit, Earl of Brittany and Richmond. Sister of William the Lion, King of Scots.
From Wikipedia - Elizabeth of Vermandois :
Ada de Warenne (d. ca. 1178 ), who married Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon , younger son of King David I of Scotland , Earl of Huntingdon by his marriage to the heiress Matilda or Maud, 2nd Countess of Huntingdon (herself great-niece of William I of England ) and had issue. They were parents to Malcolm IV of Scotland and William I of Scotland and their youngest son became David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon . All Kings of Scotland since 1292 were the descendants of Huntingdon.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 142)
251. Humphrey IV de Bohun, Baron de Bohun, Lord of Hereford 375 376 (Margaret, of Hereford175, Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died about 1182.
Research Notes: Second husband of Margaret of Huntingdon.
From Magna Charta Barons, p. 81:
Humphrey de Bohun, who was Earl of Hereford and lord high constable of England, in right of is mother. He m. Margaret, daughter of Henry, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumberland, d. v. p. 1152 (and widow of Conale Petit, Earl of Brittany and Richmond, and sister of William the Lion, king of Scots), eldes son of David I., King of Scots, by his wife Matilda, widow of Simon de St. Liz, and daughter of Waltheof, Earl of Northumberland and Northampton, beheaded in 1075, and his wife, a niece of William the conqueror. Lady Margaret's mother, m. 1139, d. 1178, was Ada de Warren, daughter of William, second Earl of Surrey (by his wife, Isabel, or Elizabeth, d. 1131, widow of Robert, Earl of Mellent, and daughter of Hugh the Great, Count de Vermandois, son of Henry I., King of France), the son of William de Warren, Earl of Surrey, by his wife, Gundreda, the reputed daughter of William the Conqueror, or the daughter of his consort, Queen Maud, or Matilda, of Flanders, by Gherbod, advocate of the Abbey of St. Bestin, at St. Omer, before her marriage to William of Normandy. Humphrey de Bohun and Lady Margaret had: Henry de Bohun, eldest son and heir...
Noted events in his life were:
• Hereditary Constable of England:
Humphrey married Margaret, of Huntingdon,303 daughter of Henry, of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland & Huntingdon and Ada de Warenne, in 1175. Margaret died in 1201.
Research Notes: Second wife of Alan, Lord of Galloway.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 206)
252. Bertha de Braose 45 (Bertha, of Hereford176, Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1151 in Bramber, Sussex, England. Another name for Bertha was Maud de Braose.
Bertha married Walter de Beauchamp, of Elmley, Worcestershire,478 son of William de Beauchamp and Joan Waleries, about 1175 in <Bramber, Sussex>, England. Walter was born about 1173 in Worcestershire, England and died in 1235 about age 62.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 322 M i. Walter de Beauchamp, of Elmley, Worcestershire 478 was born about 1184 in Elmley, Worcestershire, England and died on 14 Apr 1236 about age 52.
253. Sibyl de Braose 73 379 (Bertha, of Hereford176, Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1157 in Bramber, Sussex, England and died after 5 Feb 1228 in England. Another name for Sibyl was Sibila de Braose.
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 5 Feb 1227 or 1208.
Sibyl married William de Ferrers, 3rd Earl of Derby,67 479 480 son of Robert de Ferrieres, 2nd Earl of Derby and Margaret Peverel, about 1174 in Sussex, England. William was born about 1140, was christened in <Tutbury Castle, Tutbury, Staffordshire, England>, and died before 21 Oct 1190 in Acre, Palestine (Israel).
Death Notes: Was killed during the Siege of Acre.
Research Notes: Seigneur of Ferrieres-Saint-Hilaire and lord of Oakham, Rutland.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 132C-28 (Roger de Mortimer)
From Wikipedia - William de Ferrers, 3rd Earl of Derby :
William I de Ferrers, 3rd Earl of Derby (died 1190) was a 12th century English Earl who resided in Tutbury Castle in Staffordshire and was head of a family which controlled a large part of Derbyshire known as Duffield Frith . He was also a Knight Templar . [1]
William was the son of Robert de Ferrers, 2nd Earl of Derby and his wife, Margaret Peverel . He succeeded his father as Earl of Derby in 1162. He was married to Sybil, the daughter of William de Braose, 3rd Lord of Bramber and Bertha of Hereford .
William de Ferrers was one of the earls who joined the rebellion against King Henry II of England led by Henry's eldest son, Henry the Younger , in the Revolt of 1173-1174 , sacking the town of Nottingham . Robert de Ferrers II, his father, had supported Stephen of England and, although Henry II had accepted him at court, he had denied the title of earl of Derby to him and his son. [2] In addition, William had a grudge against Henry because he believed he should have inherited the lands of Peveril Castle through his mother. These, King Henry had previously confiscated in 1155 when William Peverel fell into disfavour.
With the failure of the revolt, de Ferrers was taken prisoner by King Henry, at Northampton on the 31 July 1174, along with the King of Scots and the earls of Chester and Lincoln, along with a number of his Derbyshire underlings and was held at Caen . He was deprived of his castles at Tutbury and Duffield and both were put out of commission (and possibly Pilsbury .) In addition to defray the costs of the war Henry levied a so called "Forest Fine" of 200 marks.
He seems to have afterwards regained the confidence of Henry II., and he showed his fidelity to the next Sovereign, (King Richard I.) , by accompanying him in his expedition to the Holy Land, and joined the Third Crusade and died at the Siege of Acre in 1190. [3]
Children from this marriage were:
+ 323 M i. Henry de Ferrieres .
+ 324 M ii. William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby 73 481 was born about 1162 in Ferrers, Derbyshire, England and died on 22 Sep 1247 about age 85.
254. William de Braose, 5th Lord de Braose 165 380 (Bertha, of Hereford176, Sibyl de Neufmarché120, Bernard de Neufmarché, Lord of Brecon78, Ada FitzGilbert, de Hugleville53, <Papia>33, Richard I, Duke of Normandy22, William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy17, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1175 in <Bramber, Sussex>, England, died on 9 Aug 1211 in Corbeil near Paris, Marne, France about age 36, and was buried on 10 Aug 1211 in France.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has b. abt. 1153, Bramber, Sussex, England.
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Braose (Briouze), Bramber, Brecon:
• Lord Over Gwent:
• Sheriff of Hereford: 1192-1199.
• Lord of Bramber: Abt 1193.
William married Maud de St. Valerie, of Haie.165 482 Maud was born about 1155 in <Bramber, Sussex>, England and died in 1210 in Corfe, Windsor, England about age 55. Another name for Maud was Matilda de St. Valery.
Death Notes: Murdered by King John, who had her walled up alive in her castle walls with her yung son William.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 325 M i. Reynold de Braose 13 483 was born about 1178 in <Bramber, Sussex>, England, died on 9 Jun 1228 in Brecon, Breconshire, Wales about age 50, and was buried in Priory Church, Brecon, Breconshire, Wales.
+ 326 F ii. Margeret de Braose 165 484 was born about 1177 in <Abergavenny>, Wales and died on 19 Nov 1200 about age 23.
14th Generation 255. Ralph de Toeni 52 (Roger de184, Ralph de, de Conches121, Roger de, de Conches79, Ralph de, de Conches54, Ralph de, de Conches34, Roger "the Spaniard" de23, Ralph II de, Seigneur de Tosni18, Ralph I de13, Hugh de9, Malahule6, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1190 in <Flamsted, Hertfordshire>, England and died about 29 Sep 1239 about age 49.
Death Notes: Died at sea.
Ralph married Petronilla de Lacy,165 daughter of Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath, Ireland & Weobley, Herefordshire and Margeret de Braose, before 1234. Petronilla was born about 1195 in <Meath, Ireland> and died after 25 Nov 1288. Another name for Petronilla was Pernel de Lacy.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 327 M i. Ralph de Toeni 52 was born about 1255 in England and died before 29 Jul 1295 in France.
256. Reginald, Lord of the Isles 19 381 (Ragnhild Olafsdatter186, Ingebiorg Hakonsdatter123, Haakon82, Paul, Jarl of Orkney and Caithness57, Thorfinn II "the Black", Earl of Orkney37, Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1148 in <Morven, Argyleshire, Scotland> and died in 1207 in Kintyre, Argyleshire, Scotland about age 59. Other names for Reginald were Reginald Sumarlidasson Lord of the Isles and Rognvald Sumarlidasson Lord of the Isles.
Reginald married Fonia, of Moray,13 daughter of Ranulf, of Moray and Bethoc, in 1185. Fonia was born about 1145 in <Moray, Scotland>.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 328 F i. Helen de L'Isle 19 381 was born about 1174 in <Galloway, Wigtownshire, Scotland> and died about 1212 about age 38.
257. Adam Brus 219 382 (Robert de, 1st Lord of Annandale187, Adam124, Robert de83, Ragnvald58, Brusi38, Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1101 in <Skelton, Yorkshire, England>, died in 1143 about age 42, and was buried in Gisborough Priory, Guisborough, North Yorkshire, England.
Research Notes: Second son of Robert de Brus. Historians have not determined which of Robert de Brus' two wives named Agnes was the mother of Adam Brus.
From Wikipedia - Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale:
Robert is said to have married twice: (1) Agnes, daughter of Geoffrey Bainard, sheriff of York and (2) Agnes, daughter and heiress of Fulk de Pagnall, Lord of Carleton, Yorkshire[5][6]
There were two sons, but it is unclear by which spouse:
Adam married Jueta de Arches,219 daughter of William de Arches and Jueta, about 1124 in Yorkshire, England. Jueta was born about 1116 in <Thorp Arch, Yorkshire>, England and died about 1206 about age 90. Another name for Jueta was Ivetta de Arches.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 329 M i. Adam Brus 219 was born about 1143 in Skelton, North Yorkshire, England, died in 1196 in Skelton, North Yorkshire, England about age 53, and was buried in Gisborough Priory, Guisborough, North Yorkshire, England.
258. Robert de Brus, 2nd Lord of Annandale 383 (Robert de, 1st Lord of Annandale187, Adam124, Robert de83, Ragnvald58, Brusi38, Sigurd II "Digri"25, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died in 1194. Other names for Robert were Robert II de Bruce 2nd Lord of Annandale and Robert II de Brus 2nd Lord of Annandale.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Robert de Brus, 2nd Lord of Annandale :
Robert II de Brus, The Cadet, (died 1194) was a 12th century Norman noble and Lord of Annandale. He was the son, perhaps the second son,[1] of Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale .
The elder de Brus' allegiances were compromised when David I invaded England in the later 1130s, and he had renounced his fealty to David before the Battle of the Standard in 1138. The younger Robert however remained loyal and took over his father's land in Scotland, whilst the English territories remained with the elder Robert and passed to the latter's elder son Adam. Bruce family tradition has it that Robert II was captured by his father at the battle and given over to King Stephen of England .
A legend tells that in the 1140s, Robert II was visited at Annan by St Malachy . St Malachy asked Robert to pardon a thief, but Robert hung him anyway, and for this the River Annan destroyed part of his castle and the de Brus line received a curse from the holy man. Robert made Lochmaben the centre of his lordship and constructed a new caput there.
Robert was buried at Gisborough Priory in North Riding , Yorkshire , a monastery founded by his father Robert I de Brus. As his eldest son, Robert, predeceased him, he was succeeded by his second son William.
He married Euphemia, a daughter of Ingleram de Aumale, whose father was Stephen, Count of Aumale. They had five known children,
259. Somerled, King of the Isles 19 (Gillebride188, Imergi Somerledson125, Somerled I Gillebrideson84, Gillebride59, Gille Adoman I Gilleson39, Hvarflad Hlodversdatter26, Hlodver, Earl of Orkney20, Thorfinn I Rollo "Hausakliffer"15, Einar "Torf", Earl of Orkney11, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1113 in <Morven, Argyleshire, Scotland>, died on 1 Jan 1164 in Renfrew, (Renfrewshire), Scotland about age 51, and was buried in Abbey of Saddell, Kintyre, Argule, Scotland.
Somerled married Ragnhild Olafsdatter,13 daughter of Olave I Bitling, King of the Isle of Man and Ingebiorg Hakonsdatter,. Ragnhild was born about 1117 in <Isle of Man>.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 186)
260. Ida, of Chiny and Namur 385 386 (Otto II, Count of Chiny189, Adela, de Rameru126, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1083 and died between 1117 and 1122.
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 149-24
Ida married Godefroi de Louvain, Duc de Basse-Lorraine,385 485 son of Henry II, Count of Leuven and Brussels and Adelheid, Countess of Betuwe, Betw 1100 and 1105. Godefroi was born about 1060 in <Lorraine, France>, died on 25 Jan 1139 in Affligem Abbey, Affligem, Belgium about age 79, and was buried in Church of Affligem Abbey, Affligem, Belgium. Other names for Godefroi were Godfrey I of Brabant, Godfrey I Duke of Lower Lorraine, Count of Louvain, Godfrey I of Leuven, Godfrey I "the Bearded" of Leuven, Godfrey I "the Courageous" of Leuven, Godfrey I "the Great" of Leuven, and Godfrey V or VI Duke of Lower Lorraine.
Marriage Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 149-24 (Ida) and 155-23 (Godfrey I) disagree re. marriage date (abt. 1105 and abt. 1100, respectively)
Research Notes: Duke of Lower Lorraine, Margrave of Antwerp, Count of Louvain
From Wikipedia - Godfrey I of Leuven :
Godfrey I (c. 1060-25 January 1139 ), called the Bearded, the Courageous, or the Great, was the landgrave of Brabant , and count of Brussels and Leuven (or Louvain) from 1095 to his death and duke of Lower Lorraine (as Godfrey V or VI) from 1106 to 1129. He was also margrave of Antwerp from 1106 to his death.
Godfrey was the son of Henry II of Leuven and a countess called Adela (origin unknown). He succeeded his brother Henry III in 1095. He first came into conflict with Otbert, Bishop of Ličge , over the county of Brunengeruz that both claimed. In 1099, Emperor Henry IV allotted the county to the bishop, who entrusted it to Albert III, Count of Namur . Godfrey arbitrated a dispute between Henry III of Luxembourg and Arnold I, Count of Loon , over the appointment of the abbot of Sint-Truiden .
Godfrey was in favour with the emperor and defended his interests in Lorraine. In 1102, he stopped Robert II of Flanders , who was invading the Cambraisis . After the death of the emperor in 1106, his son and successor, Henry V , who had been in rebellion, decided to avenge himself on his father's partisans. Duke Henry of Lower Lorraine was imprisoned and his duchy confiscated and given to Godfrey. After Henry escaped from prison, he tried to retake his duchy and captured Aachen , but ultimately failed.
In 1114, during a rift between the emperor and Pope Paschal II , Godfrey led a revolt in Germany. In 1118, the emperor and the duke were reconciled. In 1119, Baldwin VII of Flanders died heirless and Flanders was contested between several claimants, of which William of Ypres had married a niece of Godfrey's second wife. Godfrey supported William, but could not enforce his claim against that of Charles the Good . Also dead in that year was Otbert. Two separate men were elected to replace him and Godfrey again sided with the loser.
By marrying his daughter Adeliza to Henry I of England , who was also the father-in-law of the emperor, he greatly increased his prestige. However, Henry V died in 1125 and Godfrey supported Conrad of Hohenstaufen , the duke of Franconia , against Lothair of Supplinburg . Lothair was elected. Lothair withdrew the duchy of Lower Lorraine and granted it to Waleran , the son of Henry, whom Henry V had deprived in 1106. Nonetheless, Godfrey maintained the margraviate of Antwerp and retained the ducal title (which would in 1183 become Duke of Brabant ).
After the assassination of Charles the Good in 1127, the Flemish succession was again in dispute. William Clito prevailed, but was soon fraught with revolts. Godfrey intervened on behalf of Thierry of Alsace , who prevailed against Clito. Godfrey continued to war against Ličge and Namur .
Godfrey spent his last years in the abbey of Affligem . He died of old age on 25 January 1139 and was buried in the left aisle of the abbey church. He is sometimes said to have passed in 1140, but this is an error.
Family and children
He married Ida, daughter of Otto II of Chiny and Adelaide of Namur . They had several children:
Later, he married to Clementia of Bourgogne but had no issue.
He also had a son from an unknown mistress:
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Louvain:
• Duke of Lower Lorraine:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 330 F i. Adeliza, of Louvain 217 was born about 1103 and was buried on 23 Apr 1151 in Abbey of Affligem.
+ 331 M ii. Godfrey II, Count of Leuven, Landgrave of Brabant 486 487 was born about 1110 and died on 13 Jun 1142 about age 32.
+ 332 F iii. Clarissa 488 died in 1140.
+ 333 M iv. Henry died in 1141 in Abbey of Affligem.
+ 334 F v. Ida died in 1162.
261. Marguerite, de Turenne (Maud, de Perche190, Beatrix de Mondidier127, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 153A-25.
Marguerite married William IV Taillifer, Count of Angoulęme,489 son of Wulgrin II, Count of Angoulęme and Ponce de la Marche and Pontia de la Marche, about 1147. William died on 7 Aug 1179.
Research Notes: 3rd husband of Marguerite de Turenne.
From Wikipedia - William IV of Angoulęme :
William IV of Angoulęme, inherited the territory of Count of Angouleme from his father, Wulgrin II of Angoulęme .
It is from him, that the territory was split between the three brothers all sons of William IV: Wulgrin III of Angoulęme who was the eldest, William V of Angoulęme and Aymer of Angoulęme .
After the death of Aymer, the territory did not pass to Aymer's daughter, Isabella of Angouleme , Queen consort to John of England , but rather to the daughter of Wulgrim III, Mathilde of Angoulęme , who had married Hugh IX of Lusignan , father of Hugh X of Lusignan .
Noted events in his life were:
• Count of Angoulęme: 1140-1179.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 335 M i. Aymer Taillifer, de Valence, Count of Angoulęme 490 was born about 1160 and died on 16 Jul 1202 about age 42.
+ 336 M ii. Wulgrin III, Count of Angoulęme .
262. Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick 293 294 (Margaret de Perche191, Beatrix de Mondidier127, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1102 and died on 12 Jun 1153 about age 51.
Research Notes: Elder son of Henry de Beaumont.
From Wikipedia - Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick :
Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick (1102 - 12 June 1153 ), was the elder son of Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick and Marguerite, daughter of Geoffrey II of Perche and Beatrix of Montdidier . He was also known as Roger de Newburg.
He was generally considered to have been a devout and pious man; a chronicle of the period, the Gesta Regis Stephani , speaks of him as a "man of gentle disposition". The borough of Warwick remembers him as the founder of the Hospital of S. Michael for lepers which he endowed with the tithes of Wedgnock , and other property; he also endowed the House of the Templars beyond the bridge. In the reign of Stephen he founded a priory dedicated to S. Kenned at Llangennilth, Co. Glamorgan and he attached it as a cell to the Abbey of S. Taurinus at Evreux in Normandy .
Family and children
He married 1130 Gundred de Warenne, daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey and Elizabeth de Vermandois and had children:
William de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Warwick .
Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick (1153 - 12 December 1204).
Henry de Beaumont, was Dean of Salisbury in 1205.
Agnes de Beaumont, married Geoffrey de Clinton, Chamberlain to the King and son of Geoffrey de Clinton , the founder of Kenilworth Castle and Priory.
Margaret de Beaumont.
Gundred de Beaumont (c.1135-1200), married:
Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk ;
Roger de Glanville.
Noted events in his life were:
• Crusader:
Roger married Gundred de Warenne,201 202 daughter of William II de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey and Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester, before 1130. Gundred was born about 1117 in Warwick, Warwickshire, England, died after 1166 in Warwickshire, England, and was buried in Kelso, Roxburgh, Scotland. Another name for Gundred was Gundrada de Warenne.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey:
Gundrada de Warenne , who married first Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick , and second William, lord of Kendal , and is most remembered for expelling king Stephen 's garrison from Warwick Castle ;
Noted events in her life were:
• Living: 1166.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 140)
263. Marguerite, de l'Aigle 389 390 (Juliana, of Mortagne and Perche192, Beatrix de Mondidier127, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died on 25 May 1141. Another name for Marguerite was Margaret de l'Aigle.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Marguerite de l'Aigle :
Marguerite de l'Aigle (d.1144) was a daughter of Gilbert de l'Aigle, Seigneur de l'Aigle and his wife Juliana du Perche . She was Queen consort of Navarre , by her marriage to García Ramírez of Navarre .
Family
Marguerite's paternal grandparents were Richer de l'Aigle, Seigneur de l'Aigle and his wife, Judith d'Avranches. Her maternal grandparents were Geoffrey II du Perche, Count of Perche and Mortagne, and his wife, Beatrix de Montdidier.
Marguerite had three siblings. These were two sisters, Lucy and Emmeline; and her brother was Richard II de L'Aigle, successor to their father, as Baron de l'Aigle.
Marguerite was a descendent of Hedwig of France , daughter of Hugh Capet . Marguerite was also a distant cousin of Felica of Roucy , second queen of Sancho Ramírez , King of Aragon .[1]
Queen of Navarre
Marguerite married in 1130 to García Ramírez of Navarre , shortly before his accession to the throne of Navarre .[2]
Marguerite was to bear García Ramírez a son and heir, Sancho VI , as well as two daughters who each married kings: the elder, Blanca , born after 1133, married Sancho III of Castile , while the younger, Margaret , named after her mother, married William I of Sicily . García's relationship with Marguerite was, however, unstable. She took many lovers and showed favouritism to her French relatives. She bore a second son named Rodrigo , whom her husband refused to recognise as his own. He was never acknowledged as a son by the Navarrese king, even after Marguerite's death, and he was widely considered a bastard, though his sister, Margaret did not treat him as such. He certainly never behaved as anything other than the son of a king.[3]
Marguerite died disgraced in 1144. Her husband later remarried, to Urraca, illegitimate daughter of Alfonso VII of Castile . [4]
Marguerite married Garcia VII, of Navarre 491 492 after 1130. Garcia died on 21 Nov 1150 in Lorca and was buried in Santa María la Real, Pamplona. Other names for Garcia were García VI "el Restaurador," Garcia VI "the Restorer" of Navarre, and García Ramírez of Navarre.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - García Ramírez of Navarre :
García Ramírez, sometimes García IV,V, VI or VII (died 21 November 1150 , Lorca ), called the Restorer (Spanish : el Restaurador), was Lord of Monzón and Logrońo , and, from 1134, King of Navarre . He "restored" the independence of the Navarrese crown after 58 years of union with the Kingdom of Aragon .
Early years
García was born in the early twelfth century, the grandson of Rodrigo Díaz, better known as El Cid . His father was Ramiro Sánchez of Monzón , a son of Sancho Garcés , illegitimate son of García Sánchez III of Navarre and half-brother of Sancho IV . His mother was the Cid's daughter Cristina.
Rise to power
When Aragon, which had from 1076 been united to Navarre, lost its warrior king Alfonso the Battler and fell into a succession crisis in 1134, García managed to wrest Navarre from his Aragonese cousins. He was elected in Pamplona by the bishops and nobles of the realm against the will of Alfonso. That Alfonso, in drawing up a will, had ignored his distant relation (of an illegitimate line), is not unsurprising given the circumstances. Alfonso had nearer male kin in the form of his brother Ramiro . Besides that, since Alfonso seems to have disregarded Ramiro as well, the choice of an illegitimate descendant of Sancho the Great would undoubtedly have aroused the opposition of the Papacy to the succession.[1]
Ramiro did succeed Alfonso in Aragon, because the nobles refused to enact the late king's unusual will. His accession did raise protest from Rome and was not uncontested within Aragon, much less in Navarre, where García was the chosen candidate once the testament of Alfonso was laid aside. Rome does not seem to have opposed him, but neither does he seem to have had much support within Aragon, while Ramiro strongly objected to his election in Navarre. In light of this, the Bishop of Pamplona granted García his church's treasure to fund his government against Ramiro's pretensions.[2] Among Garcías other early supporters were Lop Ennechones, Martinus de Leit, and Count Latro, who carried out negotiations on the king's behalf with Ramiro.[3] Eventually, however, the two monarchs reached a mutual accord - the Pact of Vadoluongo - of "adoption" in January 1135: García was deemed the "son" and Ramiro the "father" in an attempt to maintain both the independence of each kingdom and the de facto supremacy of the Aragonese one.
In May 1135, García declared himself a vassal of Alfonso VII . This simultaneously put him under the protection and lordship of Castile and bought recognition of his royal status from Alfonso, who was a claimant to the Battler's succession.[4] García's submission to Castile has been seen as an act of protection for Navarre which had the consequence of putting her in an offensive alliance against Aragon, which thus forced Ramiro to marry, to forge an alliance with Raymond Berengar IV of Barcelona and to produce an heir, now that García, his adoptive son, was out of the question.[5] On the other hand, García may have been responding to Ramiro's marriage, which proved beyond a doubt that the king of Aragon was seeking another heir than his distant relative and adopted son.[6]
Before September 1135, Alfonso VII granted García Zaragoza as a fief.[7] Recently conquered from Aragon, this outpost of Castilian authority in the east was clearly beyond the military capacity of Alfonso to control and provided further reasons for recognition of García in Navarre in return for not only his homage, but his holding Zaragoza on behalf of Castile. In 1136, Alfons was forced to do homage for Zaragoza to Ramiro and to recognise him as King of Zaragoza. In 1137, Zaragoza was surrendered to Raymond Berengar, though Alfonso retained suzerainty over it. By then, García's reign in Zaragoza had closed.
García's heirs
Sometime after 1130, but before his succession, García married Marguerite de l'Aigle . She was to bear him a son and successor, Sancho VI , as well as two daughters who each married kings: the elder, Blanca , born after 1133, married Sancho III of Castile , while the younger, Margaret , named after her mother, married William I of Sicily . García's relationship with his first queen was, however, shaky. She took on many lovers and showed favouritism to her French relatives. She bore a second son named Rodrigo , whom her husband refused to recognise as his own.[8] On 24 June 1144 , in León , García married Urraca , called "La Asturiana" (the Asturian), illegitimate daughter of Alfonso VII by Guntroda Pérez , to strengthen his relationship with his overlord.
In 1136, García was obliged to surrender Rioja to Castile but, in 1137, he allied with Alfonso I of Portugal and confronted Alfonso VII. They confirmed a peace between 1139 and 1140. He was thereafter an ally of Castile in the Reconquista and was instrumental in the conquest of Almería in 1147. In 1146, he occupied Tauste , which belonged to Aragon, and Alfonso VII intervened to mediate a peace between the two kingdoms.
By his marriage to Urraca, García had also become a brother-in-law of Raymond Berengar IV, with whom he confirmed a peace treaty in 1149. The count was promised to García's daughter Blanca while already engaged to Petronilla of Aragon , but García died before the marriage could be carried out.
García died on 21 November 1150 in Lorca , near Estella , and was buried in the cathedral of Santa María la Real in Pamplona. He was succeeded by his eldest son. He left one daughter by Urraca: Sancha, who married Gaston V of Béarn . He left a widow in the person of his third wife, Ganfreda López.
García left, as the primary monument of his reign, the monastery of Santa María de la Oliva in Carcastillo . It is a fine example of Romanesque architecture .
Noted events in his life were:
• Lord of Monzón and Logrońo:
• King of Navarre: 1134-1150.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 337 F i. Blanca Garcés, of Navarre 443 444 was born after 1133, died on 12 Aug 1156, and was buried in Monastery of Santa Maria la Real of Najera.
264. Richard d'Avranches, 2nd Earl of Chester 393 (Ermentrude de Clermont194, Marguerite de Rameru128, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1094 and died on 25 Nov 1120 at age 26.
Death Notes: Died in the White Ship disaster.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Richard d'Avranches, 2nd Earl of Chester :
Richard d'Avranches, 2nd Earl of Chester (1094-25 November 1120 ), was the son of Hugh, 1st Earl of Chester and Ermentrude of Clermont .
Early life
He was seven years old when his father, known as Hugh the Fat, was killed. He probably came into his inheritance in 1107. He married Lucia-Mahaut , daughter of Stephen, Count of Blois .
Military career
At the age of twenty, in 1114, Richard was on military campaign and was styled the Earl of Chester. Together with King Alexander of Scotland , he led an Anglo-Norman army into Gwynedd as part of a three-pronged campaign organised by Henry I of England against Gwynedd, and Gruffydd ap Cynan . Gruffydd, rather than risk battle, satisfied the King with an oath of homage and a suitable fine. The campaign soon fizzled out, and Richard returned to Chester .
White Ship
The line of the d'Avranches as Earls of Chester failed when Richard, with his illegitimate half-brother Ottuel , joined the young William Adelin , heir to the English King Henry aboard the doomed White Ship . The ship went down, drowning all but one boy, in the year 1120. Richard died aged twenty-six, leaving no issue.
The earldom then passed through his father Hugh's sister Maud to Richard's first cousin Ranulph I , in 1121.
265. Matilda d'Avranches (Ermentrude de Clermont194, Marguerite de Rameru128, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1)
266. Mathilda, of Clermont, Ponthieu & Dammartin 67 394 395 (Renaud II, Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis195, Marguerite de Rameru128, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1138 in <Pontieu, Ain>, France and died after Oct 1200. Other names for Mathilda were Mabilie of Clermont, Ponthieu & Dammartin, Mahaut de Ponthieu, Maud of Clermont, Ponthieu & Dammartin, and Maude de Clermont.
Mathilda married Albri de Luzarches, Count of Dammartin,102 335 son of Alberic I, Count of Dammartin and Joan Basset,. Albri was born about 1135 in <Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne>, France, died on 19 Sep 1200 in London, Middlesex, England about age 65, and was buried in Abbaye de Jumieges, Jumieges, Seine-Maritime, France. Other names for Albri were Alberic II Count of Dammartin and Aubrey II Count of Dammartin.
Research Notes: Count of Dammartin by right of his wife
Noted events in his life were:
• Chamberlain of France: 1155-1160.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 227)
Mathilda next married Alberic II, de Dammartin.493
The child from this marriage was:
+ 338 M i. Simon, de Dammartin 493 was born in 1180 and died on 21 Sep 1239 at age 59.
267. Félicité de Brienne 396 (Alix de Rameru, Dame of Rameru196, Andre I de Rameru, and d'Arcis-sur-Aube129, Adele de Roucy85, Beatrix, of Hainaut60, Régnier V, Count of Hainaut40, Hedwig, of France27, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died on 21 Jul 1178.
Research Notes: Widow of Simon de Broye, d. 1132
Félicité married Geoffroi III de Joinville, Sénéchal of Champagne and of Bar-sur-Seine,325 son of Roger I de Joinville, Seigneur de Joinville and Adélarde de Vignory, before 1141. Geoffroi was born before 1127 and died in 1188.
Research Notes: Sénéchal of Champagne 1127-1188, and of Bar-sur-Seine
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 71A-27
Noted events in his life were:
• Sénéchal of Champagne: 1127-1188.
• Sénéchal of Bar-sur-Seine:
(Duplicate Line. See Person 220)
268. Elizabeth de Courtenay, Dame de Courtenay (Renaud de Courtenay, Sire de Courtenay197, Ermengarde, de Nevers130, Renaud II de Nevers, Count of Nevers and Auxerre86, William I, Count of Nevers61, Adčle, of France, Countess of Auxerre41, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born before 1150 and died after 1205. Another name for Elizabeth was Isabel de Courtenay Dame de Courtenay.
Research Notes: Heiress of Courtenay.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 107-26
Elizabeth married Peter, of France, Count of Montargis and Courtenay,366 son of Louis VI "the Fat", King of France and Adelaide, of Savoy, about 1150. Peter was born about 1125 and died between 1179 and 1183 in Palestine.
Research Notes: Crusader in 1147.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 117-25. Line 107-26 (Elizabeth de Courtenay) has b. abt. 1121, d. 1179-10 Apr 1183.
(Duplicate Line. See Person 247)
269. Renaud de Courtenay 398 (Renaud de Courtenay, Sire de Courtenay197, Ermengarde, de Nevers130, Renaud II de Nevers, Count of Nevers and Auxerre86, William I, Count of Nevers61, Adčle, of France, Countess of Auxerre41, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1150, died on 27 Sep 1194 about age 44, and was buried in Ford Abbey, Devonshire, England. Another name for Renaud was Reginald de Courtenay.
Renaud married Hawise de Courcy,131 494 daughter of William de Courcy and Maud d'Avranches, Lady of Oakhampton, about 1175. Hawise was born about 1135 in <Okehampton, Devonshire>, England, died on 31 Jul 1219 about age 84, and was buried in Ford Abbey, Devonshire, England. Another name for Hawise was Hawise de Curcy.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 339 M i. Robert de Courtenay 73 was born in 1170 in <Okehampton, Devonshire>, England, died on 26 Jul 1242 in Iwerne, Dorset, England at age 72, and was buried on 28 Jul 1242 in Ford Abbey, Devonshire, England.
+ 340 M ii. Sir Robert de Courtenay, Baron of Oakhampton 495 was born about 1183, died on 26 Jul 1242 about age 59, and was buried in Ford Abbey, Devonshire, England.
270. Egelina de Courtenay 131 (Renaud de Courtenay, Sire de Courtenay197, Ermengarde, de Nevers130, Renaud II de Nevers, Count of Nevers and Auxerre86, William I, Count of Nevers61, Adčle, of France, Countess of Auxerre41, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1155 in <Colston, Nottinghamshire>, England and died about 1214 about age 59.
Egelina married Gilbert Bassett,131 son of Thomas Basset and Alice de Dunstanville, of Castle Combe, Wiltshire, about 1175 in Bicester, Oxfordshire, England. Gilbert was born about 1154 in <Hedington, Oxfordshire>, England and died in 1207 about age 53.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 341 F i. Eustacia Basset 131 was born about 1176 in <Bichester, Oxfordshire>, England and died in 1215 about age 39.
271. Margaret de Beaumont 6 401 402 (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester198, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester133, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1156 in <Hampshire>, England and died about 12 Jan 1235 about age 79. Another name for Margaret was Margaret de Harcourt.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots, line 53-27 has "d. prob. on 12 Jan. 1234/5 but sh. bef. 12 Feb. 1234/5"
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Hugh de Vere, 4th Earl of Oxford
and
Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester
Margaret married Saher IV de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester,237 477 son of Robert de Quincy, Lord of Buckley and of Fawside and Orabilis, of Leuchars, before 1173 in England. Saher was born in 1155 and died on 3 Nov 1219 in Palestine at age 64. Other names for Saher were Seer de Quincy, Saher de Quincey Earl of Winchester, Saher de Quincey Earl of Winchester, and Saer de Quincy 1st Earl of Winchester.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester
Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester (1155 - 1219 -11-03 ) was one of the leaders of the baronial rebellion against King John of England , and a major figure in both Scotland and England in the decades around the turn of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.
Saer de Quincy's immediate background was in the Scottish kingdom: his father was a knight in the service of king William the Lion , and his mother was the heiress of the lordship of Leuchars in Fife (see below ). His rise to prominence in England came through his marriage to Margaret, the younger sister of Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester : but it is probably no coincidence that her other brother was the de Quincys' powerful Fife neighbour, Roger de Beaumont , Bishop of St Andrews . In 1204, Earl Robert died, leaving Margaret as co-heiress of the vast earldom along with her elder sister. The estate was split in half, and after the final division was ratified in 1207, de Quincy was made Earl of Winchester .
Following his marriage, de Quincy became a prominent military and diplomatic figure in England. There is no evidence of any close alliance with King John , however, and his rise to importance was probably due to his newly-acquired magnate status and the family connections that underpinned it.
Family
The family of de Quincy had arrived in England after the Norman Conquest , and took their name from Cuinchy in the Arrondissement of Béthune ; the personal name "Saer" was used by them over several generations. Both names are variously spelled in primary sources and older modern works, the first name being sometimes rendered Saher or Seer, and the surname as Quency or Quenci.
The first recorded Saer de Quincy (known to historians as "Saer I") was lord of the manor of Long Buckby in Northamptonshire in the earlier twelfth century, and second husband of Matilda of St Liz , stepdaughter of King David I of Scotland . This marriage produced two sons, Saer II and Robert de Quincy . It was Robert, the younger son, who was the father of the Saer de Quincy who eventually became Earl of Winchester. By her first husband Robert Fitz Richard , Matilda was also the paternal grandmother of Earl Saer's close ally, Robert Fitzwalter.
Robert de Quincy seems to have inherited no English lands from his father, and pursued a knightly career in Scotland, where he is recorded from around 1160 as a close companion of his cousin, King William the Lion . By 1170 he had married Orabilis , heiress of the Scottish lordship of Leuchars and, through her, he became lord of an extensive complex of estates north of the border which included lands in Fife , Strathearn and Lothian .
Saer de Quincy, the son of Robert de Quincy and Orabilis of Leuchars, was raised largely in Scotland. His absence from English records for the first decades of his life has led some modern historians and genealogists to confuse him with his uncle, Saer II, who took part in the rebellion of Henry the Young King in 1173, when the future Earl of Winchester can have been no more than a toddler. Saer II's line ended without direct heirs, and his nephew and namesake would eventually inherit his estate, uniting his primary Scottish holdings with the family's Northamptonshire patrimony, and possibly some lands in France.
By his wife Margaret de Beaumont, Saer de Quincy had three sons and three daughters:
His arms were: Or, a fess gules, in chief a label of seven points azure.
Noted events in his life were:
• Governor of Castle of Ruil: in Normandy, 1203.
• Created: Earl of Winchester, Bef 1210.
• Magna Charta Surety: 1215.
• Crusader: 1218-1219.
• Siege of Damietta: 1219.
Children from this marriage were:
+ 342 F i. Lorette de Quincy .
+ 343 M ii. Robert de Quincy 237 496 died in 1217.
+ 344 M iii. Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester 6 497 498 499 was born about 1174 in <Winchester>, Hampshire, England, died on 25 Apr 1264 in England about age 90, and was buried in Brackley, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.
+ 345 M iv. Robert II de Quincy 500 501 died in 1257 in <Palestine>.
+ 346 F v. Hawise de Quincy .502 503
272. Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester 403 (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester198, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester133, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died about 21 Oct 1204. Another name for Robert was Robert FitzPernel.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester :
Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester (died circa 21 October 1204 ) was an English nobleman, the last of the Beaumont earls of Leicester. He is sometimes known as Robert FitzPernel.
Robert was the son of Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester and Petronilla, who was either a granddaughter or great-granddaughter of Hugh de Grandmesnil . As a young man, he accompanied King Richard I on the Third Crusade , and it was while the crusading forces rested at Messina , Sicily that Robert was invested with the Earldom of Leicester in early 1191 .
Robert's newly-gained estates included a large part of central Normandy . He held castles at Pacy, Pont-Saint-Pierre and Grandmesnil. Earl Robert also was lord of the vast honor of Breteuil, but the family castle there had been dismantled after the 1173-1174 War . On his return from the crusade, he turned his attentions to the defense of Normandy from the French . After defending Rouen from the advances of Philip II of France , he attempted to retake his castle of Pacy. He was captured by forces of the French king and remained imprisoned for 3 years. Later, King John would bestow the new fortress and lordship of Radepont (the land of Radepont was traded to King John by the seigneur du Neubourg for lands and revenues in the pays de Caux) upon the earl.
Sometime after his release in 1196 he married Loretta, daughter of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber . They had no children, and Robert's death in 1204 brought the end of the Beaumont male line.
In the year of his death Normandy was lost to the French; Earl Robert attempted to come to an independent arrangement with King Philip of France, in which he would hold his land in Normandy as a liege-vassal of the Kings of France, and his lands in England as a liege-vassal of the Kings of England. In any event, Robert died that year, but his great English estates were divided between the heirs of his two sisters. The eldest sister, Amicia, had married the French baron Simon de Montfort , and their son, also named Simon de Montfort , inherited half the estate as well as the title of Earl of Leicester. The younger sister, Margaret, had married Saer de Quincy , and they inherited the other half. Three years later Saer was created Earl of Winchester .
Robert married Loretta de Braose after 1196.
Research Notes: Source: Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester
273. Roger de Beaumont, Bishop of St Andrews (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester198, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester133, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester
Noted events in his life were:
• Became: Bishop of St Andrews, 1189.
274. William de Beaumont (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester198, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester133, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester - a leper
275. Amicia de Beaumont (Sir Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester198, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester133, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1).
Research Notes: Source: Wikipedia - Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester - Married Simon III de Montfort. Their son Simon subsequently became Earl of Leicester.
276. Amice FitzWilliam, Countess of Gloucester 404 405 (Hawise de Beaumont, of Leicester199, Sir Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester133, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1160 and died on 1 Jan 1225 about age 65. Other names for Amice were Amica FitzRobert and Amice FitzRobert Countess of Gloucester.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has. d. 1 Jan 1224/1225. Wikipedia has d. 1220.
Research Notes: Second daughter and co-heiress of William FitzRobert.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 63-27
Amice married Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Clare,404 464 465 son of Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford and Maud de St. Hilary, about 1180. Richard was born about 1153 in Tonbridge Castle, Tonbridge, Kent, England, died on 30 Dec 1218 in Oxfordshire, England about age 65, and was buried in Clare or Tunbridge Priory.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has. d. 28 Nov 1217. Magna Charta Barons & Wikipedia have 30 Dec 1218.
Research Notes: 4th Earl of Hertford, 6th Earl of Clare, Earl of Gloucester.
Sources are fairly certain that this is the Richard de Clare who was a Magna Charta Surety.
----------
From Wikipedia - Richard de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford :
Richard de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford (c.1153[1] - December 30 , 1218 ) was the son of Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford and Maud de St. Hilary. More commonly known as the Earl of Clare, he had the moiety of the Giffard estates from his ancestor Rohese. He was present at the coronation of King Richard I at Westminster , 3 September 1189 , and King John on 27 May 1199 . He was also present at the homeage of King William of Scotland at Lincoln.
He married (c. 1172) Amice FitzRobert, Countess of Gloucester (c. 1160-1220), second daughter, and co-heiress, of William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester , and Hawise de Beaumont.
He sided with the Barons against King John , even though he had previously sworn peace with the King at Northampton , and his castle of Tonbridge was taken. He played a leading part in the negotiations for Magna Carta , being one of the twenty five Barons appointed as guardians. On 9 November 1215 , he was one of the commissioners on the part of the Barons to negotiate the peace with the King. In 1215, his lands in counties Cambridge , Norfolk , Suffolk and Essex were granted to Robert de Betun . He and his son were among the Barons rxcommunicated by the Pope in 1215. Sometime before 1198 Earl Richard and his wife Amice were ordered to separate by the Pope on grounds of consanguinity . They separated for a time because of this order but apparently they reconciled their marriage with the Pope later on.
His own arms were: Or, three chevronels gules.
Noted events in his life were:
• Magna Charta Surety: 1215.
• 4th Earl of Hertford: 1173-1218.
• x:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 347 F i. Isabel de Clare 404 was born in 1178.
+ 348 M ii. Sir Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester 504 505 506 was born about 1180 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England, died on 25 Oct 1230 in Penros, Brittany, France about age 50, and was buried in Tewkesbury Abbey, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England.
+ 349 F iii. Maud de Clare 507 was born in 1184 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England and died in 1213 at age 29.
+ 350 M iv. Richard de Clare 404 was born in 1184 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England and died on 4 Mar 1228 in London, England at age 44.
+ 351 F v. Joan de Clare 404 508 was born in 1184 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England.
277. Mabel de Beaumont 73 (Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan202, Waleran IV de Beaumont, Count of Meulan134, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1168 in <Meulan, Normandy>, France and died after 1 May 1204. Another name for Mabel was Mabirie de Beaumont.
Mabel married William de Reviers,73 son of Baldwin de Reviers and Adeliza Lucia DeBaalum, about 1189 in France. William was born about 1128 in <Devonshire>, England, died on 10 Sep 1217 about age 89, and was buried in Christ Church, Twynham, Dorset, England. Another name for William was William de Vernon.
Birth Notes: FamilySearch has abt 1128 and abt 1155.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 352 F i. Mary de Reviers 73 was born about 1183 in <Okehampton>, Devonshire, England.
278. Alice de Beaumont 408 (Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick203, Gundred de Warenne140, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died between 1246 and 1263.
Alice married William Mauduit, Lord of Hanslope & Hartley Mauduit, Bucks.,509 son of Robert Mauduit, Lord of Hanslope, Bucks. and Isabel Basset,. William died in Apr 1257.
Noted events in his life were:
• Chamberlain of the Exchequer:
Children from this marriage were:
+ 353 F i. Isabel Mauduit 510 511 512 was born about 1214, died before 1268, and was buried in Nunnery of Cokehill, Worcestershire, England.
+ 354 M ii. William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick 512 was born about 1220 and died on 8 Jan 1267 about age 47.
279. Elena de Morville 298 409 (Avice de Lancaster204, Gundred de Warenne140, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1172 in <Kirkoswald, Cumberland, England>, died on 11 Jun 1217 about age 45, and was buried in Abbey of Dundrennan, Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland. Another name for Elena was Helena de Morville.
Elena married Roland, Lord of Galloway,223 434 son of Uchtred, Lord of Galloway and Gunnild, of Dunbar,. Roland was born about 1164 in <Galloway, Perthshire, Scotland>, died on 19 Dec 1200 in Northamptonshire, England about age 36, and was buried in Abbey of Saint Andrew, Northamptonshire, England. Another name for Roland was Roland of Galloway.
Noted events in his life were:
• Constable of Scotland: 1189-1200.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 355 M i. Alan, Lord of Galloway 223 was born about 1186 in <Galloway, Wigtownshire, Scotland>, died in 1234 about age 48, and was buried in Abbey of Dundrennan, Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
280. William de Morville 298 (Avice de Lancaster204, Gundred de Warenne140, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died in 1196.
281. Maud de Warenne 413 414 (Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey205, William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne141, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1162 and died before 13 Dec 1228. Another name for Maud was Mathilde de Warenne.
Death Notes: May have died in 1212.
Maud married Henry, Count of Eu, Lord of Hastings.513 Henry died on 11 Mar 1183. Another name for Henry was Henry d'Eu 7th Comte d'Eu, 3rd Lord of Hastings.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots has d. 16 or 17 Mar. 1183 and d. 11 Mar. 1183
Wikipedia has d. 11 Mar 1183 or 1191.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 356 F i. Alice d'Eu, Countess of Eu, Lady of Hastings 414 514 was born about 1191 and died on 15 May 1246 in La Mothe-Saint-Heray, Poitou about age 55.
282. William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey (Isabelle de Warenne, Countess of Surrey205, William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne141, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born about 1174 in Surrey, England, died on 27 May 1240 in London, England about age 66, and was buried in Lewes Priory, Lewes, Sussex, England.
Research Notes: Second husband of Maud Marshal.
From http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593872177 :
5th Earl of Surrey (1202-1240); warden of the Cinque Ports (1216); named in the Magna Carta. William's estates in Normandy were confiscated in 1204, when Philip II of France (RIN # 4649) seized the duchy. He supported King John of England against the barons and in 1215 acted as one of the king's guarantors for the keeping of the Magna Carta. However, the following year he supported Prince Louis, son of Philip II of France, when he tried to wrest England from John; even so, after the King's death later that year he declared himself a loyal vassal of his infant son and successor, Henry III. His lands were restored in 1221. During the 1220's and 1230's William took an active part in politics, and in 1238 he was appointed a treasurer of royal taxes.
!Chronicles of the Age of Chivalry: 52
To compensate for the loss of his lands in Normandy, King John granted William Grantham and Stamford in Lincolnshire. In 1212, he was committed to the custody of 4 castles, Bamburgh and Newcastle-on-Tyne being two of them. In 1237, William was reprimanded by the Bishop of Lincoln for having mass at his home at Grantham, because it had not been consecrated.
William married Maud Marshal,343 515 516 daughter of Sir William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Clare, on 13 Oct 1225. Maud was born about 1192 in <Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales>, was christened in Sep 1201, died on 27 Mar 1248 about age 56, and was buried in Tintern Abbey, Chapel Hill, Monmouthshire, Wales. Another name for Maud was Matilda Marshall.
Death Notes: Ancestral Roots also has d. Apr 1248.
Research Notes: 2nd wife of William de Warenne. Widow of Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 357 M i. John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey 517 518 519 520 was born in 1231 in Surrey, England, died on 27 Dec 1304 in Kennington, Middlesex, England at age 73, and was buried in Lewes, Surrey, England.
283. Henry de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford 415 416 (Margaret, of Huntingdon206, Ada de Warenne142, Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester87, Hugh Magnus, of Vermandois and Valois, Duke of France65, Henry I, of France43, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1176 and died on 1 Jun 1220 at age 44.
Death Notes: Died on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land
Research Notes: From Magna Charta Barons, pp. 81-82:
Henry de Bohun, eldest son and heir, who in reality was the first Earl of Hereford of this family, being so created by charter of King John, dated April 28, 1199; but the office of lord high constable he inherited. As he took prominent part with the Barons against the king, his lands were sequestered, but he received them again at the sealing of the Magna Charta. He was elected one of the celebrated twenty-five Sureties for the observance of the Magna Charta, and having been excommunicated by the Pope, with the other Barons, he did not return to his allegiance on the decease of King John, but was one of the commanders in the army of Louis, the Dauphin, at the battle of Lincoln, and was taken prisoner. After this defeat he joined Saher de Quincey, and others, in a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, and c. on the passage, June 1, 1220, 4 Henry III. His body was brought home and buried in the chapter-house of Llanthony Abbey, in Gloucestershire.
He m. Maud, daughter of Geoffrey Fitz-Piers, Baron de Mandeville, created, in 1199, Earl of Essex, Justiciary of England, d. 1212, and eventually heiress of her brother William de Mandeville, last Earl of Essex of that family, by whom he acquired the honor of Essex and many extensive lordships, and sister of Geoffrey de Mandeville, one of the celebrated twenty-five Magna Charta Sureties, and had:
Humphrey de Bohun, second Earl of Hereford and Essex.
Margaret, wife of Waleran de Newburgh, fourth Earl of Warwick.
Ralph de Bohun.
Noted events in his life were:
• Hereditary Constable of England:
• Sheriff of Kent: 1200.
• Magna Charta Surety: 1215.
Henry married Maud FitzGeoffrey, de Mandeville,521 daughter of Geoffrey FitzPeter, 1st Earl of Essex and Beatrice de Say,. Maud died on 27 Aug 1236.
Research Notes: After Henry's death (1220), Countess of Essex
The child from this marriage was:
+ 358 M i. Humphrey V de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex 522 523 was born by 1208, died on 24 Sep 1275 in Warwickshire, England at age 67, and was buried in Llanthony Secunda, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.
284. Mathilde, of Flanders 417 (Matthew, of Alsace, Count of Boulogne207, Thierry I, of Lorraine, Count of Flanders145, Gertrude, of Flanders96, Robert I, Count of Flanders66, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died between 1210 and 1211. Other names for Mathilde were Maud of Flanders and Maud of Boulogne and Alsace.
Mathilde married Henry I, Duke of Lorraine, Louvain and Brabant,524 525 son of Godfrey III, Count of Louvain, Duke of Lorraine and Margaret, of Limbourg, in 1179. Henry was born about 1165 in Leuven, Brabant, Flanders, Belgium and died on 5 Sep 1235 in Cologne, Germany about age 70.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Henry I, Duke of Brabant :
Henry I of Brabant (French: Henri I de Brabant, Dutch: Hendrik I van Brabant), named "The Courageous", was (probably) born in 1165 in Leuven and died in the German city of Cologne on September 5 , 1235 . He became Duke of Brabant in 1183/1184 and succeeded his father as Duke of Lower Lotharingia in 1190. He was the son of Godfrey III of Leuven , Duke of Lower Lotharingia and landgrave of Brabant , and Margaret of Limburg .
He married Mathilde of Boulogne (Mathilde of Flanders), daughter of Marie of Boulogne and Matthew of Alsace 1179.
He had six children by his first marriage:
Marie (c. 1190 - May 1260), married in Maastricht after May 19 , 1214 Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor , married July 1220 Count William I of Holland
Adelaide (b. c. 1190), married 1206 Arnulf, Count of Loos , married February 3 , 1225 William X of Auvergne (c. 1195-1247), married before April 21 , 1251 Arnold van Wesemaele (d. aft. 1288)
Margaret (1192-1231), married January 1206 Gerhard III, Count of Guelders (d. October 22 , 1229 )
Mathilde (c. 1200 - December 22 , 1267 ), married in Aachen in 1212 Henry II, Count Palatine of the Rhine (d. 1214), married on December 6 , 1214 Floris IV, Count of Holland
Henry II of Brabant (1207-1248)
Godfrey (1209 - January 21 , 1254 ), Lord of Gaesbeek, married Marie van Oudenaarde
His second marriage was at April 22 , 1213 in Soissons to Marie, princess of France , daughter of King Philip II of France . They had two children:
Elizabeth (d. October 23 , 1272 ), married in Leuven March 19 , 1233 Count Dietrich of Cleves , Lord of Dinslaken (c. 1214-1244), married 1246 Gerhard II, Count of Wassenberg (d. 1255)
Marie, died young
Under Henry I, there was a town policy and town planning. Henry's attention went out to those regions that lent themselves to the extension of his sovereignty and in some locations he used the creation of a new town as an instrument in the political organisation of the area. Among the towns to which the Duke gave city rights and trade privileges was 's-Hertogenbosch .
He was buried in St. Peter's chapter church at Leuven where you can still see his late romanesque effigy.
Noted events in his life were:
• Duke of Brabant: 1184.
• Duke of Lower Lotharingia: 1190.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 359 M i. Henry II, Duke of Brabant 526 was born in 1207 and died on 1 Feb 1248 in Leuven, Brabant, Flanders, Belgium at age 41.
285. Yolanda, of Flanders 419 (Margaret I, of Flanders209, Thierry I, of Lorraine, Count of Flanders145, Gertrude, of Flanders96, Robert I, Count of Flanders66, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born in 1175 and died in 1219 at age 44.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Yolanda of Flanders :
Yolanda of Flanders (1175-1219) ruled the Latin Empire in Constantinople for her husband Peter II of Courtenay from 1217 to 1219.
She was the daughter of Baldwin V, Count of Hainault , and Countess Margaret I of Flanders . Two of her brothers, Baldwin I and then Henry , were emperors in Constantinople. After the death of the latter in 1216 there was a brief period without an emperor, before Peter was elected. Peter sent Yolanda to Constantinople while he fought the Despotate of Epirus , during which he was captured. Because his fate was unknown (although he was probably killed), Yolanda ruled as regent. She allied with the Bulgarians against the various Byzantine successor states, and was able to make peace with Theodore I Lascaris of the Empire of Nicaea , who married her daughter. However, she soon died, in 1219.
She was succeeded by her second son Robert of Courtenay because her first son did not want the throne. As Robert was still in France at the time, there was technically no emperor until he arrived in 1221.
Yolanda also held Namur , which she inherited from her uncle Philip of Namur in 1212 and left to her eldest son Philip when she went to Constantinople in 1216.
By Peter of Courtenay she had 10 children:
Noted events in her life were:
• Ruled: the Latin Empire in Constantinople for her husband, 1217-1219.
Yolanda married Pierre de Courtenay.527 Pierre died in 1219. Another name for Pierre was Peter of Courtenay.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Peter II of Courtenay :
Peter of Courtenay French : Pierre de Courtenay (died 1219) was emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople from 1216-1217.
He was a son of Peter of Courtenay (d. 1183), the youngest son of Louis VI of France and his second Queen consort Adélaide de Maurienne . His mother was Elizabeth of Courtenay.
Peter first married Agnes of Nevers, via whom he obtained the three counties of Nevers , Auxerre , and Tonnerre . He took for his second wife, Yolanda of Flanders (d. 1219), a sister of Baldwin and Henry of Flanders , who were afterwards the first and second emperors of the Latin Empire of Constantinople. Peter accompanied his cousin, King Philip Augustus , on the crusade of 1190 and fought (alongside his brother Robert) in the Albigensian Crusade in 1209 and 1211, when he took part in the siege of Lavaur . He was present at the Battle of Bouvines in 1214.
When his brother-in-law, the emperor Henry , died without sons in 1216, Peter was chosen as his successor, and with a small army set out from France to take possession of his throne. Consecrated emperor at Rome, in a church outside the walls, by Pope Honorius III on April 9 , 1217 , he borrowed some ships from the Venetians, promising in return to conquer Durazzo for them; but he failed in this enterprise, and sought to make his way to Constantinople by land. On the journey he was seized by the despot of Epirus , Theodore Komnenos Doukas , and, after an imprisonment of two years, died, probably by foul means. Peter thus never governed his empire, which, however, was ruled for a time by his wife, Yolanda, who had succeeded in reaching Constantinople. Two of his sons, Robert and Baldwin , in turn held the throne of the Latin Empire.
Children
By his first wife Agnes of Nevers he had one child, Mahaut de Courtenay (Maud, Matilda, d. 1254), countess of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonerre.
By his second wife Yolanda of Flanders , he had 10 children:
Noted events in his life were:
• Emperor: of the Latin Empire of Constantinople, 1216-1217.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 360 F i. Yolanda de Courtenay 528 was born about 1200 and died in 1233 about age 33.
286. Guy I, Vicomte de Troyes 421 (Isabel de Montlhéry, Viscomtessa de Troyes211, Lithuaise147, Adela, of Normandy97, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) died in 1151. Another name for Guy was Gautier I de Moëlan.
Noted events in his life were:
• Seigneur de Dampierre:
• Seigneur de St. Dizier:
• Seigneur de Moëlan:
• Seigneur de St. Just:
Guy married Helvide de Baudement,529 daughter of Andre de Baudement and Unknown, Betw 1120 and 1125. Another name for Helvide was Helvis de Baudement.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 361 F i. Helvis de Dampierre 530 died after 1295.
287. Eleanor, of England 422 423 (Henry II "Curtmantel", King of England212, Empress Matilda, Countess of Anjou148, Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flanders67, Adele Capet, Princess of France44, Robert II "the Pious", King of France28, Adelaide, de Poitou21, Adele, de Normandie16, Rollo, Duke of Normandy12, Ragnvald, Earl of Mřre8, Eystein "Glumra", Jarl of Oppland3, Ivar, Jarl of Oppland2, Halfdan "the Aged", Jarl of Oppland1) was born on 13 Oct 1162 in Domfront, Normandy and died on 31 Oct 1214 at age 52. Another name for Eleanor was Leonora of England and Aquitaine.
Birth Notes: Ancestral Roots has b. 1162 and b. 1161
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Eleanor of England (1162-1214) :
Eleanor of England (known in Castilian as Leonora; 13 October 1162 - 31 October 1214) was Queen of Castile and Toledo as wife of Alfonso VIII of Castile .
She was born in the castle at Domfront , Normandy , and was baptised by Henry of Marcy . She was the sixth child and second daughter of King Henry II of England and his wife Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine . Her godfather was the chronicler Robert of Torigny , who had a special interest in her and recorded her life as best he could. She received her first name as a namesake of her mother, whose name "Eleanor" (or Alienor) had previously been unrecorded though may have been related to the Greek Helen or the Italian Elena . Another view holds that in the Occitan language , Eleanor simply meant "the other Aenor," since Eleanor of Aquitaine was named for her mother, called Aenor .
Eleanor was a younger maternal half-sister of Marie de Champagne and Alix of France . She was a younger sister of William IX, Count of Poitiers , Henry the Young King , Matilda, Duchess of Saxony , Richard I of England and Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany . She was also an older sister of Joan of Sicily and John of England .
When she was eighteen years old, in September 1180, she was married to Alfonso VIII . The marriage was arranged to secure the Pyrennean border, with Gascony offered as her dowry.
Of all Eleanor of Aquitaine's daughters, her namesake Eleanor best inherited her mother's political influence. She was almost as powerful as her husband, who specified in his will that she was to rule alongside their son in the event of his death. It was she who persuaded him to marry their daughter Berenguela to the king of Leon in the interest of peace.
When Alfonso died, his queen was reportedly so devastated with grief that she was unable to preside over the burial. Their daughter Berenguela instead performed these honors. Leonora then took sick and died only twenty-eight days after her husband, and was buried at Las Huelgas abbey in Burgos.
Children
Eleanor married Alfonso VIII "the Noble", King of Castile,445 446 son of Sancho III, of Castile and Blanca Garcés, of Navarre, in Sep 1180. Alfonso was born on 11 Nov 1155 and died on 5 Oct 1214 at age 58. Other names for Alfonso were Alfonso VIII "the Good" King of Castile and El de las Navas.
Marriage Notes: Ancestral Roots has m. 1177.
Research Notes: From Wikipedia - Alfonso VIII of Castile :
Alfonso VIII (11 November 1155 - 5 October 1214 ), called the Noble or el de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo [1]. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate . After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula .
His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.
Regency and civil war
Alfonso was born to Sancho III of Castile and Blanca , daughter of García Ramírez of Navarre , in Soria on 11 November 1155. He was named after his grandfather Alfonso VII . His early life resembled that of other medieval kings. His father died in 1158 when his mother was also dead. Though proclaimed king when only three years of age, he was regarded as a mere name by the unruly nobles to whom a minority was convenient. Immediately, Castile was plunged into conflicts between the various noble houses vying for ascendancy in the inevitable regency. The devotion of a squire of his household, who carried him on the pommel of his saddle to the stronghold of San Esteban de Gormaz , saved him from falling into the hands of the contending factions. The noble houses of Lara and Castro both claimed the regency, as did the boy's uncle, Ferdinand II of León . In March 1160 the former two families met at the Battle of Lobregal and the Castro were victorious.
Alfonso was put in the custody of the loyal village Ávila . At barely fifteen, he came forth to do a man's work by restoring his kingdom to order. It was only by a surprise that he recovered his capital Toledo from the hands of the Laras.
[edit ] Reconquista
In 1174, he ceded Uclés to the Order of Santiago and afterwards this became the order's principal seat. From Uclés, he began a campaign which culminated in the reconquest of Cuenca in 1177. The city surrendered on 21 September , the feast of Saint Matthew , ever afterwards celebrated by the citizens of the town.
Alfonso took the initiative to ally all the major Christian kingdoms of the peninsula - Navarre , León , Portugal , and Aragon - against the Almohads . By the Treaty of Cazola of 1179, the zones of expansion of each kingdom were defined.
After founding Plasencia (Cáceres ) in 1186, he embarked on a major initiative to unite the Castilian nobility around the Reconquista. In that year, he recuperated part of La Rioja from the Kingdom of Navarre .
In 1195, after the treaty with the Almohads was broken, he came to the defence of Alarcos on the river Guadiana , then the principal Castilian town in the region. At the subsequent Battle of Alarcos , he was roundly defeated by the caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf al-Mansur . The reoccupation of the surrounding territory by the Almohads was quickly commenced with Calatrava falling first. For the next seventeen years, the frontier between Moor and Castilian was fixed in the hill country just outside Toledo.
Finally, in 1212, through the mediation of Pope Innocent III , a crusade was called against the Almohads. Castilians under Alfonso, Aragonese and Catalans under Peter II , Navarrese under Sancho VII , and Franks under the archbishop Arnold of Narbonne all flocked to the effort. The military orders also lent their support. Calatrava first, then Alarcos, and finally Benavente were captured before a final battle was fought at Las Navas de Tolosa near Santa Elena on 16 July . The caliph Muhammad an-Nasir was routed and Almohad power broken.
[edit ] Cultural legacy
Tombs of Alfonso and Eleanor
Alfonso was the founder of the first Spanish university, a studium generale at Palencia , which, however, did not survive him. His court also served as an important instrument for Spanish cultural achievement. His marriage (Burgos , September 1180) with Eleanor (Leonora), daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine , brought him under the influence of the greatest governing intellect of his time. Troubadours and sages were always present, largely due to the influence of Eleanor.
Alfonso died at Gutierre-Muńoz and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Henry I , named after his maternal grandfather.
[edit ] Children
With Eleanor, (Leonora of England ) he had 11 children:
Noted events in his life were:
• King of Castile: 1158-1214.
The child from this marriage was:
+ 362 F i. Blanche, of Castile 531 532 was born on 4 Mar 1188 in Palencia, (Palencia, Castile-Léon), Spain and died on 26 Nov 1252 in Paris, (Île-de-France), France at age 64.
288. KingJohn "Lackland", of England 424 425 (Henry II "Curtmantel", King of England212, Empress Matilda, Countess of Anjou148, Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England98, Matilda, of Flan