Berengar I Count of Sulzbach
Husband Berengar I Count of Sulzbach 1
AKA: Berengar II of Sulzbach Born: Christened: Died: Buried:Marriage:
Wife
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Children
1 F Luitgarde of Sulzbach
AKA: Lutgard of Sulzbach, Lutgarde of Sulzbach Born: Christened: Died: Buried:Spouse: Godfrey II Count of Leuven, Landgrave of Brabant (Abt 1110-1142) 2 3 Marr: 1139
Research Notes: Husband - Berengar I Count of Sulzbach
Wikipedia (Godfrey II of Leuven) gives Luitgarde's father as Berengar I of Sulzbach.
Bérenger of Bayeux
Husband Bérenger of Bayeux 4 5 6
AKA: Berengar of Rennes, Berengar II of Neustria, Bérenger Marquis de Neustria Born: Abt 847 - <Bayeux, (Calvados)>, Normandy, France Christened: Died: 896 - <Normandy>, France Buried:Marriage:Events
• Count of Bayeux and Rennes:
• Margrave: of the Breton March, 886-896.
Wife
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Children
1 F Poppa de Bayeux 4 7 8
Born: Abt 872 - <Bayeux, (Calvados)>, Normandy, France Christened: Died: Buried:Spouse: Hrólf "Ganger" Rognvaldsson Princeps Nortmannorum (Between 0846/0870-Abt 0929) 4 9 10 11 12 Marr: 886
Research Notes: Husband - Bérenger of Bayeux
From Wikipedia - Berengar II of Neustria :
Berengar II (died 896) was the Count of Bayeux and Rennes and Margrave of the Breton March from 886 until his death a decade later.
Roland and his successors under Guy of Nantes were aristocrats from Maine . Berengar's kin became the first bilingual Breton and Gallo speaking lords holding residence within Brittany (Rennes and Penthičvre , rather than the Loire Valley -predominant Nantes or Vannes , which nevertheless had at least one Franco-Saxon conflict in Angers ), as a consequence of the Breton nobility being more or less broken under the Norman invasions of the 880s and as a reward for holding his ground against their attacks.
Berengar may have been son of Henry of Franconia , himself perhaps a member of the Senior Capets through the Babenberg lineage. This has been suggested because (1) Berengar named his supposed daughter with the feminine form of Poppo, a name common among the Babenbergs, and (2) the main Capetian branch had traditionally held the Breton March. There have been alternatives suggested, making him Saxon .
Berengar is speculated to have married the daughter of Gurvand, Duke of Brittany , by which relationship he attained the countship of Rennes. This would make him brother-in-law of Judicael, Duke of Brittany . He is thought to be the Berengar of Bayeux whose daughter Poppa was captured in a raid and married to Rollo of Normandy . Various reconstructions make him father, grandfather, or great-grandfather of Judicael Berengar , later Count of Rennes.
Birth Notes: Child - Poppa de Bayeux
FamilySearch has b. abt 872, Evreux, Neustria
Berenger I Viscount of Narbonne and Garsinde de Bezalu
Husband Berenger I Viscount of Narbonne 13
Born: Abt 979 - <Narbonne, Aude>, France Christened: Died: 1066 Buried:Marriage:
Wife Garsinde de Bezalu 13
Born: Abt 981 - <Bezalu>, France Christened: Died: Buried:
Father: Bernard Taillefer Seigneur de Bezalu (Abt 0955- ) 13 Mother:
Children
1 F Rixinde de Narbonne 13
Born: Abt 1005 - Narbonne, Aude, France Christened: Died: Buried:Spouse: Richard II Viscount de Rodes (Abt 1003-Bef 1051) 13
Berenger II King of Italy and Willa Princess of Tuscany
Husband Berenger II King of Italy 14
Born: Abt 919 - <Italy> Christened: Died: Buried:Marriage:
Wife Willa Princess of Tuscany 14
Born: Abt 924 - <Tuscany>, (Italy) Christened: Died: Buried:
Father: Boso Marquis of Tuscany (Abt 0899-Abt 0938) 14 Mother: Willa Princess of Burgundy (Abt 0906- ) 14
Children
1 M Adalbert Marquis of Ivrea 14
Born: Abt 947 - <(Italy)> Christened: Died: 968 Buried:Spouse: Gerberge Countess of Burgundy (Abt 0948-0986/0991) 14
Jean de Brienne King of Jerusalem and Berenguela Princess of Leon and Castile
Husband Jean de Brienne King of Jerusalem 14 15
AKA: Jean Comte de Brienne Born: Abt 1195 - <Acre, Palestine> Christened: Died: 21 Mar 1237 - Constantinople, Turkey Buried:Marriage:
Wife Berenguela Princess of Leon and Castile 14
AKA: Berengaria of Leon Born: Abt 1199 - <Léon, Léon>, Spain Christened: Died: 12 Apr 1237 Buried:
Father: Alfonso IX King of Léon (1171-1230) 14 16 17 Mother: Berengaria of Castile (1180-1246) 13 18 19
Children
1 M Jean de Brienne of Acre 14 20
Born: Abt 1217 - <Acre, Palestine> Christened: Died: 1296 Buried:Spouse: Jeanne de Châteaudun (Abt 1223- ) 13 21 Marr: 1251
Research Notes: Wife - Berenguela Princess of Leon and Castile
Duke Bernard
Husband Duke Bernard 22
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Father: Charles Martel King of the Franks (Abt 0676-0741) 23 24 25 26 27 Mother: Rotrude of Treves (0690-0724) 28
Marriage:
Wife
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Children
1 F < > [Daughter of Duke Bernard] 22
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:Spouse: Pepin King of Italy and Lombardy (0773-0810) 29 30
Research Notes: Husband - Duke Bernard
Younger brother of Pepin the Short.
Bernard King of Italy and Cunigunde
Husband Bernard King of Italy 31 32
Born: 797 - Vermand, Picardy, France Christened: Died: 17 Apr 818 - Milan, Italy Buried:
Father: Pepin King of Italy and Lombardy (0773-0810) 29 30 Mother: < > [Daughter of Duke Bernard] ( - ) 22
Marriage:Events
• King of Italy: 813-Dec 817.
Wife Cunigunde 33
AKA: Cunigunda Born: Christened: Died: Abt 835 Buried:
Children
1 M Pepin Count of Senlis, Peronne, St. Quentin 34 35
AKA: Pepin of Vermandois Born: Between 817 and 818 Christened: Died: aft 0840 Buried:
Research Notes: Husband - Bernard King of Italy
Natural son of Pepin, probably by a daughter of Duke Bernard.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-15
Also Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
From Wikipedia - Bernard of Italy :
Bernard (b. 797 , Vermandois , Normandy ; d. 17 April 818 , Milan , Lombardy ) was the King of Italy from 810 to 818. He plotted against his uncle, Emperor Louis the Pious , when the latter's Ordinatio Imperii made Bernard a vassal of his cousin Lothair . When his plot was discovered, Louis had him blinded, a procedure which killed him.
Life
Bernard was the illegitimate son of King Pepin of Italy , the second legitimate son of the Emperor Charlemagne . In 810, Pepin died from an illness contracted at a siege of Venice; although Bernard was illegitimate, Charlemagne allowed him to inherit Italy. Bernard married Cunigunda of Laon in 813. They had one son, Pepin, Count of Vermandois .
Prior to 817, Bernard was a trusted agent of his grandfather, and of his uncle. His rights in Italy were respected, and he was used as an intermediary to manage events in his sphere of influence - for example, when in 815 Louis the Pious received reports that some Roman nobles had conspired to murder Pope Leo III, and that he had responded by butchering the ringleaders, Bernard was sent to investigate the matter.
A change came in 817, when Louis the Pious drew up an Ordinatio Imperii, detailing the future of the Frankish Empire. Under this, the bulk of the Frankish territory went to Louis' eldest son, Lothair; Bernard received no further territory, and although his Kingship of Italy was confirmed, he would be a vassal of Lothair. This was, it was later alleged, the work of the Empress, Ermengarde , who wished Bernard to be displaced in favour of her own sons. Resenting Louis' actions, Bernard began plotting with a group of magnates: Eggideo, Reginhard, and Reginhar, the last being the grandson of a Thuringian rebel against Charlemagne, Hardrad. Anshelm, Bishop of Milan and Theodulf, Bishop of Orléans , were also accused of being involved: there is no evidence either to support or contradict this in the case of Theodulf, whilst the case for Anshelm is murkier.[1][2]
Bernard's main complaint was the notion of his being a vassal of Lothair. In practical terms, his actual position had not been altered at all by the terms of the decree, and he could safely have continued to rule under such a system. Nonetheless, "partly true" reports came to Louis the Pious that his nephew was planning to set up an 'unlawful' - i.e. independent - regime in Italy.[3]
Louis the Pious reacted swiftly to the plot, marching south to Chalon. Bernard and his associates were taken by surprise; Bernard travelled to Chalon in an attempt to negotiate terms, but he and the ringleaders were forced to surrender to him. Louis had them taken to Aix-la-Chapelle, where they were tried and condemned to death. Louis 'mercifully' commuted their sentences to blinding, which would neutralise Bernard as a threat without actually killing him; however, the process of blinding (carried out by means of pressing a red-hot stiletto to the eyeballs) proved so traumatic that Bernard died in agony two days after the procedure was carried out. At the same time, Louis also had his half-brothers Drogo, Hugh and Theoderic tonsured and confined to monasteries, to prevent other Carolingian off-shoots challenging the main line. He also treated those guilty or suspected of conspiring with Bernard treated harshly: Theodulf of Orleans was gaoled, and died soon afterwards; the lay conspirators were blinded, the clerics deposed and imprisoned; all lost lands and honours. [4][5][6]
Legacy
His Kingdom of Italy was reabsorbed into the Frankish empire, and soon after bestowed upon Louis' eldest son Lothair. In 822, Louis made a display of public penance at Attigny , where he confessed before all the court to having sinfully slain his nephew; he also welcomed his half-brothers back into his favour. These actions possibly stemmed from guilt over his part in Bernard's death. It has been argued by some historians that his behaviour left him open to clerical domination, and reduced his prestige and respect amongst the Frankish nobility.[7] Others, however, point out that Bernard's plot had been a serious threat to the stability of the kingdom, and the reaction no less a threat; Louis' display of penance, then, "was a well-judged gesture to restore harmony and re-establish his authority."[8]
References
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
^ Riche, Pierre, The Carolingians, p. 148
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
^ Riche, Pierre, The Carolingians, p. 148
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge History, 700-900
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
^ McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge History, 700-900
SourcesMcKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians Riche, Pierre, The Carolingians McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge History, 700-900
Research Notes: Wife - Cunigunde
Source: Also familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Bernard I Comte d'Auvergne and Luitgarde
Husband Bernard I Comte d'Auvergne 36
AKA: Bernard I d'Auvergne Count Born: Abt 815 Christened: Died: Buried:Marriage:
Wife Luitgarde 37
Born: Abt 817 Christened: Died: Buried:
Children
1 M Bernard II Comte d'Auvergne 13 38
AKA: Bernard II d'Auvergne Count Born: Abt 841 - Auvergne, France Christened: Died: Buried:Spouse: Ermengarde de Chalons (Abt 0843- ) 13 39
Bernard II Duke in Saxony and Eilika of Schweinfurt
Husband Bernard II Duke in Saxony 40 41 42
AKA: Bernard II Billung Born: Abt 995 - <Namur>, Belgium Christened: Died: 29 Jun 1059 Buried: - Church of St. Michael, Lüneburg, (Lower Saxony), Saxony, (Germany)Marriage: Abt 1020Events
• Duke of Saxony: 1011-1059.
Wife Eilika of Schweinfurt
AKA: Elica Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Father: Henrich Margrave of Schweinfurt ( - ) Mother:
Children
1 F Gertrude of Saxony 43 44
AKA: Gertrude Billung Born: Abt 1030 Christened: Died: 4 Aug 1113 Buried:Spouse: Robert I Count of Flanders (Between 1029/1035-1093) 45 46 Marr: 1063
2 F Ida of Saxony
AKA: Ida Billung Born: Abt 1046 - Saxony, (Germany) Christened: Died: Buried:Spouse: Albert III Count of Namur (Abt 1048-1102) 42 47 Marr: 1065 or 1066
Death Notes: Husband - Bernard II Duke in Saxony
Ancestral Roots has d. 1057. Wikipedia has d. 29 June 1059.
Research Notes: Husband - Bernard II Duke in Saxony
From Wikipedia - Bernard II, Duke of Saxony :
Bernard II (c. 995 - 29 June 1059 ) was the Duke of Saxony (1011 - 1059), the third of the Billung dynasty, a son of Bernard I and Hildegard. He had the rights of a count in Frisia .
Bernard expanded the powers of the duke in Saxony and is regarded as the greatest of the Billungers. He was originally a supporter of Emperor Henry II and he accompanied him into Poland and negotiated the treaty of Bautzen of 1018. In 1019-1020, he revolted and gained the recognition of the tribal laws of Saxony, something his father had just failed to do. He returned then to war with the Slavs and drew them into his sphere of power and influence through their leader, Godescalc (Gottschalk).
He supported Conrad II in 1024 and his son Henry III , though he began to fear the latter for his closeness to the Archbishop Adalbert of Bremen , an inveterate enemy of the dukes of Saxony. Though he was a critical ally of the Danes, so fundamental to Henry's wars in the Low Countries , Bernard was on the brink of rebellion until the death of Adalbert. The remainder of his reign, however, was quiet.
In 1045, he erected the Alsterburg in Hamburg . He died in 1059 and was succeeded without incident by his son Ordulf . He is buried in the Church of Saint Michael in Lüneburg .
Issue of Bernard II, Duke of Saxony and Eilika of SchweinfurtGertrude of Saxony (c. 1030 - August 4 , 1113 ) Married: Floris I, Count of Holland , Married (secondly): Robert I, Count of Flanders Ordulf, Duke of Saxony (c. 1020 - March 28 , 1072 ) Married: Ulfhilde or Wulfhilde of Norway (c. 1023 - May 24 , 1070 ), daughter of Saint & King Olaf II (St.Olaf) of Norway & Astrid of SwedenHermann Ida of Saxony Married: Albert III , Count of Namur
Research Notes: Wife - Eilika of Schweinfurt
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 149-22 (Albert III)
Bernard II Duke in Saxony
Husband Bernard II Duke in Saxony 40 41 42
AKA: Bernard II Billung Born: Abt 995 - <Namur>, Belgium Christened: Died: 29 Jun 1059 Buried: - Church of St. Michael, Lüneburg, (Lower Saxony), Saxony, (Germany)Marriage:
Other Spouse: Eilika of Schweinfurt ( - ) - Abt 1020Events
• Duke of Saxony: 1011-1059.
Wife
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Children
Death Notes: Husband - Bernard II Duke in Saxony
Ancestral Roots has d. 1057. Wikipedia has d. 29 June 1059.
Research Notes: Husband - Bernard II Duke in Saxony
From Wikipedia - Bernard II, Duke of Saxony :
Bernard II (c. 995 - 29 June 1059 ) was the Duke of Saxony (1011 - 1059), the third of the Billung dynasty, a son of Bernard I and Hildegard. He had the rights of a count in Frisia .
Bernard expanded the powers of the duke in Saxony and is regarded as the greatest of the Billungers. He was originally a supporter of Emperor Henry II and he accompanied him into Poland and negotiated the treaty of Bautzen of 1018. In 1019-1020, he revolted and gained the recognition of the tribal laws of Saxony, something his father had just failed to do. He returned then to war with the Slavs and drew them into his sphere of power and influence through their leader, Godescalc (Gottschalk).
He supported Conrad II in 1024 and his son Henry III , though he began to fear the latter for his closeness to the Archbishop Adalbert of Bremen , an inveterate enemy of the dukes of Saxony. Though he was a critical ally of the Danes, so fundamental to Henry's wars in the Low Countries , Bernard was on the brink of rebellion until the death of Adalbert. The remainder of his reign, however, was quiet.
In 1045, he erected the Alsterburg in Hamburg . He died in 1059 and was succeeded without incident by his son Ordulf . He is buried in the Church of Saint Michael in Lüneburg .
Issue of Bernard II, Duke of Saxony and Eilika of SchweinfurtGertrude of Saxony (c. 1030 - August 4 , 1113 ) Married: Floris I, Count of Holland , Married (secondly): Robert I, Count of Flanders Ordulf, Duke of Saxony (c. 1020 - March 28 , 1072 ) Married: Ulfhilde or Wulfhilde of Norway (c. 1023 - May 24 , 1070 ), daughter of Saint & King Olaf II (St.Olaf) of Norway & Astrid of SwedenHermann Ida of Saxony Married: Albert III , Count of Namur
Sources
1. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-24 (Godfrey II).
2. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-24.
3. Wikipedia.org, Godfrey II of Leuven.
4. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 30 Jul 2009.
5. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121E-18 (Ganger Rolf). Cit. Date: 30 Jul 2009.
6. Wikipedia.org, Berengar II of Neustria. Cit. Date: 5 Sep 2009.
7. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121E-18 (Ganger Rolf).
8. Website:, http://cybergata.com/roots/465.htm. Cit. Date: 29 Jun 2013.
9. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121E-18, 144A-19 (William I of Poitou).
10. Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f00/a0020075.htm.
11. Wikipedia.org, Rollo. Cit. Date: 5 Sep 2009.
12. Website:, http://cybergata.com/roots/445.htm. Cit. Date: 29 Jun 2013.
13. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 8 Aug 2009.
14. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 6 Aug 2009.
15. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 144-28, 120-29 (Berengaria of Leon).
16. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 120-28 (Berengaria of Castile).
17. Wikipedia.org, Alfonso IX of León. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
18. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 120-28.
19. Wikipedia.org, Berengaria of Castile. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
20. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 120-30.
21. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 120-30 (Jean de Brienne).
22. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-14 (Pepin).
23. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 190-11, 191-11, 50-11 (Rotrou).
24. Wikipedia.org, Charles Martel.
25. http://www.familysearch.org, Compact Disc #94 Pin #91488 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).
26. http://www.familysearch.org, (Kevin Bradford).
27. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871722.
28. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-11.
29. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-14.
30. Wikipedia.org, Pepin of Italy.
31. Wikipedia.org, Bernard of Italy.
32. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-15.
33. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-15 (Bernard).
34. Wikipedia.org, Pepin, Count of Vermandois.
35. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-16.
36. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593876624.
37. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593876625.
38. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593876623.
39. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593876626.
40. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 164-23 (Robert I), 149-22 (Albert III).
41. Wikipedia.org, Bernard II, Duke of Saxony.
42. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 31 Jul 2009.
43. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 164-23 (Robert I).
44. Wikipedia.org, Gertrude of Saxony.
45. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 164-23.
46. Wikipedia.org, Robert I, Count of Flanders. Cit. Date: 14 Sep 2009.
47. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 149-22.
1 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-24 (Godfrey II).
2 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-24.
3 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Godfrey II of Leuven.
4 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Cit. Date: 30 Jul 2009.
5 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121E-18 (Ganger Rolf). Cit. Date: 30 Jul 2009.
6 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Berengar II of Neustria. Cit. Date: 5 Sep 2009.
7 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121E-18 (Ganger Rolf).
8 Website:, http://cybergata.com/roots/465.htm. Cit. Date: 29 Jun 2013.
9 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121E-18, 144A-19 (William I of Poitou).
10 Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f00/a0020075.htm.
11 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Rollo. Cit. Date: 5 Sep 2009.
12 Website:, http://cybergata.com/roots/445.htm. Cit. Date: 29 Jun 2013.
13 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Cit. Date: 8 Aug 2009.
14 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Cit. Date: 6 Aug 2009.
15 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 144-28, 120-29 (Berengaria of Leon).
16 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 120-28 (Berengaria of Castile).
17 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Alfonso IX of León. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
18 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 120-28.
19 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Berengaria of Castile. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
20 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 120-30.
21 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 120-30 (Jean de Brienne).
22 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-14 (Pepin).
23 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 190-11, 191-11, 50-11 (Rotrou).
24 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Charles Martel.
25 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Compact Disc #94 Pin #91488 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).
26 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, (Kevin Bradford).
27 <i>http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi</i>. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871722.
28 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-11.
29 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-14.
30 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Pepin of Italy.
31 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Bernard of Italy.
32 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-15.
33 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-15 (Bernard).
34 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Pepin, Count of Vermandois.
35 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-16.
36 <i>http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi</i>. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593876624.
37 <i>http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi</i>. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593876625.
38 <i>http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi</i>. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593876623.
39 <i>http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi</i>. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593876626.
40 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 164-23 (Robert I), 149-22 (Albert III).
41 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Bernard II, Duke of Saxony.
42 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Cit. Date: 31 Jul 2009.
43 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 164-23 (Robert I).
44 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Gertrude of Saxony.
45 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 164-23.
46 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Robert I, Count of Flanders. Cit. Date: 14 Sep 2009.
47
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 149-22.
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