Husband Æthelred Mucill Ealdorman of the Gaini 1
AKA: Æthelred Mucil Ealdorman of the Gaini
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife Edburga
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 F Ealhswith of the Gaini, Queen of the Anglo-Saxons 2 3 4
AKA: Aethelwitha, Ealswitha of the Gaini
Born: Abt 852 - Mercia <Gaines, Lincolnshire, England>
Christened:
Died: 5 Dec 904 or 905
Buried: - St. Mary's Abbey, Winchester, Hampshire, England
Spouse: Alfred the Great King of Wessex, King of England (Between 0847/0849-0899) 5 6 7
Marr: 869
Research Notes: Wife - Edburga
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-14 (Alfred the Great)
Husband Hugh Magnus Count of Paris 8
AKA: Hugh "the Great" Count of Paris
Born: Abt 895 - Paris, (Île-de-France), France
Christened:
Died: 16 Jun 956 - Dourdan, (Essonne), Île-de-France, France
Buried: - St. Denis Basilica, Paris, Île-de-France, France
Father: Robert I Duke of France (0866-0923) 9
Mother: Beatrice de Vermandois (0880-After 0931) 10 11
Marriage: 926
Other Spouse: Hedwig of Saxony ( -0965) 12 - 938 - Mainz or Ingelheim, (Germany)
Wife Edhilda
Born:
Christened:
Died: Abt 26 Jan 945
Buried:
Children
Research Notes: Husband - Hugh Magnus Count of Paris
Count of Paris, Orléans, Vexin and Le Mans, Duke of France.
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Research Notes: Wife - Edhilda
Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Husband Otto I "the Great" Holy Roman Emperor 13
Born: 23 Nov 912
Christened:
Died: 7 May 973
Buried:
Marriage: Sep 929
Wife Edith 14
AKA: Eadgyth
Born:
Christened:
Died: 26 Jan 946
Buried:
Father: Edward I "the Elder" King of England (Between 0871/0875-0924/0925) 15 16 17
Mother: Elfreda (Abt 0878- ) 16 18 19
Children
1 F Luitgarde 20
Born: Abt 931
Christened:
Died: 18 Nov 953
Buried:
Spouse: Conrad "the Wise" Duke of Lorraine, Count in Wormsgau ( -0955) 21
Marr: Abt 947
Research Notes: Wife - Edith
Source: Wikipedia - Edward the Elder
Husband Gruffydd I ap Llywelyn Prince of North Wales 22 23
AKA: Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Prince of North Wales
Born: Abt 1011 - <Rhuddlan, Flintshire>, Wales
Christened:
Died: 5 Aug 1063
Buried:
Father: Llywelyn ap Seisyll Prince of N Wales, King of Deheubarth & Gwynedd (Abt 0980-Abt 1023) 23 24 25
Mother: Angharad verch Maredudd ap Owain ( - ) 25 26 27 28
Marriage: Abt 1057
Events
• King of Gwynedd & Powys: 1039.
• King of Deheubarth: 1055.
Wife Edith 23 29
AKA: Aldgyth, Ealdgyth Queen of England
Born: Abt 1034 - <Mercia>, England
Christened:
Died: After 1086
Buried:
Father: Ælfgar Earl of Mercia (Abt 1002-After 1062) 23 30
Mother: Ælfgifu (Abt 0997- ) 23 31
Other Spouse: Harold II King of England (Abt 1022-1066) 32 - Abt 1064
Children
1 F Nest verch Gruffydd 23 33
AKA: Nesta of North Wales
Born: Abt Jul 1055 - Wales
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Spouse: Osborn Fitz Richard of Richard's Castle, Hereford (Abt 1055-After 1100) 23 34
Death Notes: Husband - Gruffydd I ap Llywelyn Prince of North Wales
Slain
Birth Notes: Child - Nest verch Gruffydd
FamilySearch has b. abt 1059, Rhuddlan, Flintshire, Wales.
Husband Harold II King of England 32
AKA: Harold II Godwinsson King of England
Born: Abt 1022 - <Wessex>, England
Christened:
Died: 14 Oct 1066 - Senlac, Sussex, England
Buried: - Waltham Abbey, Essex, England
Marriage: Abt 1064
Wife Edith 23 29
AKA: Aldgyth, Ealdgyth Queen of England
Born: Abt 1034 - <Mercia>, England
Christened:
Died: After 1086
Buried:
Father: Ælfgar Earl of Mercia (Abt 1002-After 1062) 23 30
Mother: Ælfgifu (Abt 0997- ) 23 31
Other Spouse: Gruffydd I ap Llywelyn Prince of North Wales (Abt 1011-1063) 22 23 - Abt 1057
Children
Research Notes: Husband - Harold II King of England
Second husband of Edith, daughter of Aelfgar
Husband Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York 35
Born: 5 Jun 1341 - Kings Langley, Hertfordshire, England
Christened:
Died: 1 Aug 1402 - Kings Langley, Hertfordshire, England
Buried:
Father: Edward III King of England (1312-1377) 35 36 37
Mother: Philippa of Hainault (1311-1369) 35 38
Marriage: 1372
Wife Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York 35
Born: Abt 1355
Christened:
Died: 23 Dec 1392 - Kings Langley, Hertfordshire, England
Buried: - Kings Langley, Hertfordshire, England
Father: Peter I "the Cruel" King of Castile (1334-1369) 35 39
Mother: Maria de Padilla (1334-1361) 35 40
Children
1 F Constance of York 35
Born: Abt 1374
Christened:
Died: 29 Nov 1416
Buried: - Reading Abbey, Reading, Berkshire, England
Spouse: Edmund Holland 4th Earl of Kent (1383-1407)
Research Notes: Husband - Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York
Research Notes: Wife - Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York
Husband Ednowain 23
Born: Abt 913 - Wales
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 M Seisyll ap Ednowain 23
Born: Abt 938 - Wales
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Spouse: Prawst verch Elise (Abt 0940- ) 23
Husband Edulph 23
Born: Abt 921 - <Mercia>, England
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife Elfwina of Mercia 23
Born: Abt 905 - <Mercia>, England
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Father: Ethelred Duke of Mercia (Abt 0865-0912) 23
Mother: Ethelfleda Queen of Mercia (Abt 0877-0918) 23 41
Children
1 M Leofwine Earl of Mercia 23 42
Born: Abt 950 - <Mercia>, England
Christened:
Died: Abt 1028
Buried:
Spouse: Alwara (Abt 0955- ) 23
Death Notes: Child - Leofwine Earl of Mercia
Ancestral Roots has d. by 1032.
Husband Edward of Salisbury 43
Born: After 1060 - <Salisbury, Wiltshire>, England
Christened:
Died: Bef 1130
Buried:
Father: Walter de Ewrus (Abt 1033- ) 43
Mother:
Marriage: Abt 1090 - Salisbury, Wiltshire, England
Wife Maud FitzHubert 43
Born: Abt 1070 - <Salisbury, Wiltshire>, England
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 M Walter FitzEdward of Salisbury 43 44
AKA: Walter of Salisbury, Sheriff of Wiltshire
Born: Abt 1100 - <Salisbury, Wiltshire>, England
Christened:
Died: 1147
Buried: - [near The Choir], Bradenstoke, Wiltshire, England
Spouse: Sibyl de Chaworth (Abt 1112-Bef 1147) 43
Marr: Abt 1132 - Salisbury, Wiltshire, England
Husband King Edward I of England 45 46
AKA: Edward I "Hammer of the Scots," Edward I "Longshanks" King of England
Born: 17 Jun 1239 - Westminster Palace, London, England
Christened:
Died: 7 Jul 1307 - Burgh-by-Sands, Cumberland, England
Buried: - Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England
Father: King Henry III of England (1207-1272) 47 48
Mother: Eleanor of Provence (Abt 1223-1291) 49 50
Marriage: 18 Oct 1254 - Monastery of Las Huelgas
Other Spouse: Marguerite of France (Abt 1275-1317/1318) 51 - 8 Sep 1299 - Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England
Events
• King of England: 1272-1307.
Wife Eleanor of Castile, Countess of Ponthieu 52 53
AKA: Alianor, Alienor, Leonor
Born: 1241 - Castile, Spain
Christened:
Died: 28 Nov 1290 - Harby, Nottinghamshire, England
Buried: - Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England
Father: Fernando III of Castile King of Castile and Leon (1199-1252) 54
Mother: Jeanne de Dammartin (Abt 1220-1279) 55 56
Children
1 F Eleanor of England
AKA: Eleanor Plantagenet
Born: 18 Jun 1269
Christened:
Died: 29 Aug 1298
Buried: - Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England
Spouse: Henry III Count of Bar (1259-1302)
Marr: 20 Sep 1283 - Bristol, England
2 F Joan of Acre 57 58
AKA: Joanna of Acre
Born: 1272 - Acre, Palestine (Israel)
Christened:
Died: 23 Apr 1307
Buried:
Spouse: Sir Gilbert de Clare 9th Earl of Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford (1243-1295) 59 60 61
Marr: Abt 30 Apr 1290 - Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England
3 F Margaret Plantagenet
Born: 15 Mar 1275
Christened:
Died: 1318
Buried:
4 F Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, Princess of England 62 63 64
AKA: Elizabeth Princess of England, Elizabeth of England, Elizabeth Plantagenet of Rhuddlan
Born: 7 Aug 1282 - Rhuddlan Castle, Rhuddlan, Denbighshire, Wales
Christened:
Died: 5 May 1316 - Quendon, Essex, England
Buried: - Waltham Abbey, Essex, England
Spouse: John Count of Holland and Zealand ( - )
Spouse: Humphrey VIII de Bohun 4th Earl of Hereford & 3rd Earl of Essex (Abt 1276-1322) 65 66
Marr: 14 Nov 1302 - Westminster Palace, London, England
5 M King Edward II of England 67 68
AKA: Edward of Caenarvon
Born: 25 Apr 1284 - Caernarfon Castle, Caernarfonshire, Gwynedd, Wales
Christened:
Died: 21 Sep 1327 - <Berkeley Castle, > [near Gloucester], Gloucestershire, England
Buried: - Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England
Spouse: Isabella of France (Abt 1295-1358) 69 70
Marr: 25 Jan 1308 - Boulogne-sur-Mer [Boulogne], (Pas-de-Calais), France
Research Notes: Husband - King Edward I of England
From Wikipedia - Edward I of England : From Wikipedia - Eleanor of Castile : Wikipedia has m. 1 Nov 1254. Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-27 has m. 18 Oct 1254.
Wikipedia or some other source has b. 7 Aug 1282 or 1281. Reifsnyder-Gillam Ancestry, Edited by Thomas Allen Glenn at the request of Howard Reifsnyder, privately printed, Philadelphia, 1902, provided by http://books.google.com, p. 31 has b. 1284. Per Wikipedia, died in childbirth
1. Wikipedia.org, Ealhswith.
2. Wikipedia.org, Ealhswith, Alfred the Great.
3. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-14 (Alfred the Great), 44-15 (Alfred the Great).
4. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871981.
5. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-14, 44-15.
6. Wikipedia.org, Alfred the Great.
7. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I59387198.
8. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 53-19, 101-19, 141-19 (Hedwig of Saxony).
9. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 48-18, 53-18, 101-18.
10. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 48-18, 53-18 (Robert I), 101-18 (Robert I).
11. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 24 Jul 2009.
12. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 141-19, 53-19 (Hugh Magnus).
13. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-17, 147-19.
14. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-17.
15. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-15, 45-16.
16. Wikipedia.org, Edward the Elder.
17. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593872162.
18. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 31 Jul 2009.
19. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593872375.
20. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-18.
21. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 192-20, 45-18.
22. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176-2.
23. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 17 Jul 2009.
24. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176-1.
25. Lee, Sidney, ed, Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. XII (New York, 1909.), p. 1015.
26. Davies, John, A History of Wales. (Rev. ed. New York: Penguin Group, 2007.), p. 81.
27. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176-1 (Llywelyn ap Seisyll).
28. Website - Genealogy, http://www.gencircles.com/users/kristinhopper/4/pedigree/7137. Cit. Date: 26 Jun 2013.
29. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176A-4.
30. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176A-3.
31. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176A-3 (Aelfgar).
32. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1B-23.
33. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 177-2.
34. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 177-2 (Nesta).
35. Website:, http://wiki.whitneygen.org/wrg/index.php/.
36. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-29.
37. Wikipedia.org, Edward III of England.
38. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 103-34, 1-29 (Edward III).
39. Wikipedia.org, Peter of Castile. Cit. Date: 24 Sep 2009.
40. Wikipedia.org, Peter of Castile.
41. Wikipedia.org, Alfred the Great. Cit. Date: 17 Jul 2009.
42. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176A-1.
43. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 25 Jul 2009.
44. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 66-27 (Isabel de Clare).
45. Wikipedia.org, Edward I of England.
46. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-27.
47. Wikipedia.org, Henry III of England.
48. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-26, 17-27.
49. Wikipedia.org, Eleanor of Provence.
50. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 111-30, 1-26 (Henry III).
51. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-30.
52. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 110-30.
53. Wikipedia.org, Eleanor of Castile.
54. Wikipedia.org, Ferdinand III of Castile. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
55. Wikipedia.org, Jeanne, Countess of Ponthieu. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
56. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 109-30.
57. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 8-29.
58. Wikipedia.org, Joan of Acre.
59. Wikipedia.org, Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford. Cit. Date: 2 Sep 2009.
60. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 63-30.
61. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 18 Jul 2009.
62. Wikipedia.org, Elizabeth of Rhuddlan.
63. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 6-29, 97-31 (Humphrey VIII de Bohun).
64. Glenn, Thomas Allen, ed, Reifsnyder-Gillam Ancestry. (Philadelphia: (Privately Printed), 1902.), p. 49.
65. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 97-31.
66. Wikipedia.org, Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford.
67. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-28.
68. Wikipedia.org, Edward II of England.
69. Wikipedia.org, Isabella of France.
70. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 101-31, 1-28 (Edward II).
Edward I (17 June 1239 - 7 July 1307 ), popularly known as Longshanks[1], also as "Edward the Lawgiver" or "the English Justinian" because of his legal reforms, and as "Hammer of the Scots",[2] achieved fame as the monarch who conquered Wales and tried (but failed) to do the same to Scotland . He reigned from 1272 to 1307, ascending the throne of England on 20 November 1272 after the death of his father, King Henry III . His mother was queen consort Eleanor of Provence .
As regnal post-nominal numbers were a Norman (as opposed to English) custom, Edward Longshanks is known as Edward I, even though he is the fourth King Edward, following Edward the Elder , Edward the Martyr , and Edward the Confessor ....
Childhood and marriage to Eleanor
Edward was born at the Palace of Westminster on the evening of 17 June 1239 .[3] He was an older brother of Beatrice of England , Margaret of England and Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster . He was named after Edward the Confessor . [4] From 1239 to 1246 Edward was in the care of Hugh Giffard (the son of Godfrey Giffard ) and his wife, Sybil, who had been one of the midwives at Edward's birth. On Giffard's death in 1246, Bartholomew Pecche took over. Early grants of land to Edward included Gascony , but Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester had been appointed by Henry to seven years as royal lieutenant in Gascony in 1248, a year before the grant to Edward, so in practice Edward derived neither authority nor revenue from the province.
Edward's first marriage (age 15) was arranged in 1254 by his father and Alfonso X of Castile . Alfonso had insisted that Edward receive grants of land worth 15,000 marks a year and also asked to knight him; Henry had already planned a knighthood ceremony for Edward but conceded. Edward crossed the Channel in June, and was knighted by Alfonso and married to Eleanor of Castile (age 13) on 1 November 1254 in the monastery of Las Huelgas .
Eleanor and Edward would go on to have sixteen children, and her death in 1290 affected Edward deeply. He displayed his grief by erecting the Eleanor crosses , one at each place where her funeral cortège stopped for the night. His second marriage, (age 60) at Canterbury on September 10 , 1299 , to Marguerite of France , (age 17) (known as the "Pearl of France" by her English subjects), the daughter of King Philip III of France (Phillip the Bold) and Maria of Brabant , produced three children...
Welsh Wars
Edward I depicted in Cassell's History of England (1902 )
One of King Edward's early moves was the conquest of Wales . Under the 1267 Treaty of Montgomery , Llywelyn ap Gruffydd had extended Welsh territories southwards into what had been the lands of the English Marcher Lords , and gained the title of Prince of Wales although he still owed homage to the English monarch as overlord. King Edward refused to recognize this Treaty - which had been concluded by his father - and in 1275, pirates in King Edward's pay intercepted a ship carrying Eleanor de Montfort , Simon de Montfort's only daughter, from France to Wales , where she expected to marry Llywelyn. Edward then imprisoned her at Windsor . After Llywelyn repeatedly refused to pay homage to Edward in 1274-1275, Edward raised an army and launched his first campaign against the Welsh prince in 1276-1277. After this campaign, Llywelyn was forced to pay homage to Edward and was stripped of all but a rump of territory in Gwynedd . But Edward allowed Llywelyn to retain the title of Prince of Wales , and the marriage with Eleanor de Montfort went ahead.
Llywelyn's younger brother, Dafydd (who had briefly been an ally of the English) started another rebellion in 1282. But Edward quickly destroyed the remnants of resistance, capturing, brutally torturing, and executing Dafydd in the following year. To consolidate his conquest, he commenced the construction of a string of massive stone castles encircling the principality, of which Caernarfon Castle provides a notable surviving example.
Wales became incorporated into England under the Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284, and in 1301, Edward dubbed his eldest son Edward first Prince of Wales , since which time the eldest son of most English monarchs have borne the same title, the only exception being Edward III .
Scottish Wars
Hommage of Edward I (kneeling), to the Philippe le Bel (seated). As Duke of Aquitaine , Edward was a vassal to the French king.
Edward then turned his attentions to Scotland. He had planned to marry off his son and heir Edward , to the heiress Margaret, the Maid of Norway , but when Margaret died with no clear successor, the Scottish Guardians invited Edward's arbitration, to prevent the country from descending into dynastic war. Before the process got underway Edward insisted that he be recognized as Lord Paramount of Scotland, the feudal superior of the realm and, after some initial resistance, this precondition was finally accepted.
Edward presided over a feudal court held at the castle of Berwick-upon-Tweed in November 1292, where judgment was given in favour of John Balliol over other candidates . Balliol was chosen as the candidate with the strongest claim in feudal law, but Edward subsequently used the concessions he had gained to undermine the authority of the new king even summoning Balliol to do homage to him in Westminster in 1293. Edward also made it clear he expected John's military and financial support against France. This was too much for Balliol, who concluded a pact with France and prepared an army to invade England.
In response Edward gathered his largest army yet (25,000) and razed Berwick , massacring almost the whole population of 11,000 inhabitants. During the Scottish campaign, he made extensive use of a large trebuchet called the Warwolf .
After Berwick, he proceeded to Dunbar and Edinburgh , also removing the Stone of Destiny from Perth to Westminster Abbey. Balliol renounced the crown and was imprisoned in the Tower of London for three years before withdrawing to his estates in France. All freeholders in Scotland were required to swear an oath of homage to Edward, and he ruled Scotland like a province through English viceroys .
Opposition sprang up (see Wars of Scottish Independence ), and Edward executed the focus of discontent, William Wallace , on 23 August 1305 , having earlier defeated him at the Battle of Falkirk (1298) .
Edward was known to be fond of falconry and horse riding . The names of his horses have survived: Lyard, his war horse; Ferrault his hunting horse; and his favourite, Bayard. At the Siege of Berwick, Edward is said to have led the assault personally, using Bayard to leap over the earthen defences of the city.
Later career and death
Edward's later life was fraught with difficulty, as he lost his beloved first wife Eleanor and his heir failed to develop the expected kingly character.
Edward's plan to conquer Scotland never came to fruition during his lifetime, however, as he died in 1307 at Burgh-by-Sands , Cumberland on the Scottish border, while on his way to wage another campaign against the Scots under the leadership of Robert the Bruce . According to chroniclers, Edward desired to have his bones carried on Scottish military campaigns, and that his heart be taken to the Holy Land. Against his wishes, Edward was buried in Westminster Abbey in a plain black marble tomb, which in later years was painted with the words Scottorum malleus, Latin for Hammer of the Scots.[7] He was buried in a lead casket wishing to be moved to the usual regal gold casket only when Scotland was fully conquered and part of the Kingdom of England.
On 2 January 1774 , the Society of Antiquaries opened the coffin and discovered that his body had been perfectly preserved for 467 years. His body was measured to be 6 feet 2 inches (188 cm).[8]
To this day he still lies in the lead casket - although the thrones of Scotland and England were united in 1603 following the death of Elizabeth I and the accession of James VI of Scotland to the English throne, and the Kingdom of Great Britain was created in 1707 by the Acts of Union 1707 , uniting Scotland and England in an incorporating union, the conquest Edward envisaged was never completed. His son, King Edward II of England , succeeded him...
Issue
Children of Edward and Eleanor:
Eleanor , born ca. 17 June 1264 (or possibly as late as 1269, although the issue rolls of 1302 describe her as Edward's eldest daughter) and died 12 October 1298 . She was long betrothed to Alfonso III of Aragon , who died in 1291 before the marriage could take place, and on 20 September 1293 she married Count Henry III of Bar .
Joan, born Summer 1265, either in Paris, or perhaps at Abbeville, Ponthieu. She died in France but was buried at Westminster Abbey before September 7 , 1265 .
John, born at either Windsor or Kenilworth Castle June or July 10 , 1266 , died August 1 or 1271 at Wallingford , in the custody of his granduncle, Richard, Earl of Cornwall . Buried at Westminster Abbey .
Henry , born on July 13 1267/8 at Windsor Castle, died October 14 , 1274 either at Merton, Surrey, or at Guildford Castle.
Alice, born at Woodstock Palace, Oxon, but the date of her birth is unknown. May have died at the age of twelve. Sometimes identified with the child, Isabella, born in March 1279 , but this cannot be correct, as that infant's funeral took place during the same year.
Juliana (also known as Katherine) born at Acre, Palestine, in 1271, and died there on 28 May or 5 September 1271
Joan of Acre . Born at Acre in Spring 1272 and died at her manor of Clare, Suffolk on April 23 , 1307 and was buried in the priory church of the Austin friars, Clare, Suffolk. She married (1) Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford , (2) Ralph de Monthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer .
Alphonso, Earl of Chester , born either at Bayonne, at Bordeaux, Gascony or at Maine 24 November 1273 , died 14 or 19 August 1284 , at Windsor Castle, buried in Westminster Abbey .
Margaret , born September 11 , 1275 at Windsor Castle and died in 1318, being buried in the Collegiate Church of St. Gudule, Brussels. She married John II of Brabant .
Berengaria (also known as Berenice), born 1 May 1276 at Kempton Palace, Surrey and died on June 27 , 1278 , buried in Westminster Abbey .
Mary, born 11 March or 22 April 1278 at Windsor Castle and died 8 July 1332 , a nun in Amesbury , Wiltshire , England.
Isabella, born on 12 March 1279 , either at Woodstock Palace, Oxon, at Windsor Castle or at Marlbourgh Castle Wiltshire, she died in 1279, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Elizabeth of Rhuddlan , born August 1282 at Rhuddlan Castle, Flintshire, Wales, died c.5 May 1316 at Quendon, Essex, in childbirth, and was buried in Walden Abbey, Essex. She married (1) John I, Count of Holland , (2) Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford & 3rd Earl of Essex .
Edward II of England , also known as Edward of Caernarvon , born 25 April 1284 at Caernarvon Castle, Wales, murdered 21 September 1327 at Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire, buried in Gloucester Cathedral. He married Isabella of France .
Beatrice born after 12 August 1286 either in Gascony or in Aquitaine. She died young.
Blanche born in 1289/90 and died young.
Children of Edward and Marguerite:
Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk born 1 June 1300 at Brotherton, Yorkshire, died between the 4 August and 20 September 1338, was buried in the abbey of Bury-St.-Edmunds, married (1) Alice Hayles, with issue; (2) Mary Brewes, with issue.
Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent , 5 August 1301 at Woodstock Palace, Oxon, married Margaret Wake, 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell with issue. Executed by Isabella of France and Roger Mortimer on the 19 March 1330 following the overthrow of Edward II.
Eleanor, born 4 May 1306 at Winchester, died in 1311 at Amesbury Abbey, Wiltshire, buried in Beaulieu Abbey, Hants.
References
Research Notes: Wife - Eleanor of Castile, Countess of Ponthieu
Eleanor of Castile (1241 - 28 November 1290 ) was the first Queen consort of Edward I of England .
Birth
Eleanor was born in Castile , Spain , daughter of Fernando III , King of Castile and Leon and his second wife, Jeanne, Countess of Ponthieu . Her Castilian name, Leonor, became Alienor or Alianor in England, and Eleanor in modern English. She was the second of five children born to Fernando and Jeanne. Her elder brother Fernando was born in 1239/40, her younger brother Louis in 1242/43; two sons born after Louis died young. For the ceremonies in 1291 marking the first anniversary of Eleanor's death, 49 candlebearers were paid to walk in the public procession to commemorate each year of her life. This would date her birth to the year 1241. Since her parents were apart from each other for thirteen months while King Ferdinand conducted a military campaign in Andalusia from which he returned to the north of Spain only in February 1241, Eleanor was probably born toward the end of that year.
Prospective bride to Theobald II of Navarre
Eleanor's marriage in 1254 to the future Edward I of England was not the first marriage her family planned for her. The kings of Castile had long claimed to be paramount lords of the Kingdom of Navarre in the Pyrenees , and from 1250 Ferdinand III and his heir, Eleanor's half-brother Alfonso X of Castile , hoped she would marry Theobald II of Navarre . To avoid Castilian control, Margaret of Bourbon (mother to Theobald II) in 1252 allied with James I of Aragon instead, and as part of that treaty solemnly promised that Theobald would never marry Eleanor.
Marriage
Then, in 1252, Alfonso X resurrected flimsy ancestral claims to the duchy of Gascony , in the south of Aquitaine , last possession of the Kings of England in France. Henry III of England swiftly countered Alfonso's claims with both diplomatic and military moves. Early in 1254 the two kings began to negotiate; after haggling over the financial provision for Eleanor, Henry and Alfonso agreed she would marry Henry's son Edward, and Alfonso would transfer his Gascon claims to Edward. Henry was so anxious for the marriage to take place that he willingly abandoned elaborate preparations already made for Edward's knighting in England, and agreed that Alfonso would knight Edward before the wedding took place.
The young couple married at the monastery of Las Huelgas , Burgos on 1 November 1254. Henry III took pride in resolving the Gascon crisis so decisively, but his English subjects feared that the marriage would bring Eleanor's kinfolk and countrymen to live off Henry's ruinous generosity. Several of her relatives did come to England soon after her marriage. She was too young to stop them or prevent Henry III paying for them, but she was blamed anyway and her marriage was unpopular...
Queen consort of England
Arranged royal marriages in the Middle Ages were not always happy, but available evidence indicates that Eleanor and Edward were devoted to each other. Edward is among the few medieval English kings not known to have conducted extramarital affairs or fathered children out of wedlock. The couple were rarely apart; she accompanied him on military campaigns in Wales , famously giving birth to their son Edward on 25 April 1284 in a temporary dwelling erected for her amid the construction of Caernarfon Castle .
Their household records witness incidents that imply a comfortable, even humorous, relationship. Each year on Easter Monday, Edward let Eleanor's ladies trap him in his bed and paid them a token ransom so he could go to her bedroom on the first day after Lent ; so important was this custom to him that in 1291, on the first Easter Monday after Eleanor's death, he gave her ladies the money he would have given them had she been alive. Edward disliked ceremonies and in 1290 refused to attend the marriage of Earl Marshal Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk ; Eleanor thoughtfully (or resignedly) paid minstrels to play for him while he sat alone during the wedding.
That Edward remained single until he wed Marguerite of France in 1299 is often cited to prove he cherished Eleanor's memory. In fact he considered a second marriage as early as 1293, but this does not mean he did not mourn Eleanor. Eloquent testimony is found in his letter to the abbot of Cluny in France (January 1291), seeking prayers for the soul of the wife "whom living we dearly cherished, and whom dead we cannot cease to love." In her memory, Edward ordered the construction of twelve elaborate stone crosses (of which three survive) between 1291 and 1294, marking the route of her funeral procession between Lincoln and London. (The story that the name "Charing" is from the French chère reine or "dear Queen" is mere legend, as is the name's supposed derivation from "char ring," allegedly referring to a circular roadway in which the nobles' carriages (chars) waited while their owners attended court. The name Charing is found for that part of London in the 1250s and probably existed long before that.)
However, only one of Eleanor's five sons survived childhood and, even before she died, Edward worried over the succession: if that son died, their daughters' husbands might cause a succession war. Despite personal grief, Edward faced his duty and married again. He delighted in the sons his new wife bore, but attended memorial services for Eleanor to the end of his life, Marguerite at his side on at least one occasion...
Death
Further information: Eleanor cross
In the autumn of 1290, news reached Edward that Margaret, the Maid of Norway , heiress of Scotland, had died. He had just held a parliament at Clipstone in Nottinghamshire , and continued to linger in those parts, presumably to await news of further developments in Scotland. Eleanor followed him at a leisurely pace as she was unwell with a feverish illness, probably a quartan fever first reported in 1287. After the couple left Clipstone they travelled slowly toward the city of Lincoln, a destination Eleanor would never reach.
Her condition worsened when they reached the village of Harby, Nottinghamshire , less than 10 miles (16 km) from Lincoln [citation needed ]). The journey was abandoned, and the queen was lodged in the house of Richard de Weston, the foundations of which can still be seen near Harby's parish church. After piously receiving the Church's last rites, she died there on the evening of the 28th of November 1290, aged 49 and after 36 years of marriage. Edward was at her bedside to hear her final requests...
Legacy
Eleanor of Castile's queenship is significant in English history for the evolution of a stable financial system for the king's wife, and for the honing this process gave the queen-consort's prerogatives. The estates Eleanor assembled became the nucleus for dower assignments made to later queens of England into the 15th century , and her involvement in this process solidly established a queen-consort's freedom to engage in such transactions. Few later queens exerted themselves in economic activity to the extent Eleanor did, but their ability to do so rested on the precedents settled in her lifetime...
Children of Queen Eleanor and King Edward I
The Northampton Cross
Daughter, stillborn in May 1255 in Bordeaux, France .
Katherine, (before June 17 , 1264 - September 5 , 1264 ) and buried at Westminster Abbey .
Joan, born January 1265, buried at Westminster Abbey before September 7 , 1265 .
John, (13 July 1266 - August 3 , 1271 ) at Wallingford , in the custody of his granduncle, Richard, Earl of Cornwall . Buried at Westminster Abbey .
Henry of England , (before 6 May 1268 - October 16 , 1274 ).
Eleanor , (18 June 1269 - 29 August 1298 ). Buried 12 October 1298 . She was long betrothed to Alfonso III of Aragon , who died in 1291 before the marriage could take place, and in 1293 she married Count Henry III of Bar , by whom she had one son and one daughter.
Daughter, (28 May 1271 Palestine - 5 September 1271 ). Some sources call her Juliana, but there is no contemporary evidence for her name.
Joan of Acre . (April 1272 - April 7 , 1307 ). She married (1) in 1290 Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford , who died in 1295, and (2) in 1297 Ralph Morthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer . She had four children by each marriage.
Alphonso, Earl of Chester , born 24 November 1273 , died 19 August 1284 , buried in Westminster Abbey .
Margaret Plantagenet , (15 March 1275 - after 1333). In 1290 she married John II of Brabant , who died in 1318. They had one son.
Berengaria, (1 May 1276 - before 27 June 1278 ), buried in Westminster Abbey .
Daughter, died shortly after birth at Westminster, on or about3 January 1278 . There is no contemporary evidence for her name.
Mary, (11 March 1279 - 29 May 1332 ), a Benedictine nun in Amesbury , Wiltshire (England), where she was probably buried.
A son, born in 1280 or 1281 who died very shortly after birth. There is no contemporary evidence for his name.
Elizabeth of Rhuddlan , (7 August 1282 - 5 May 1316 ). She married (1)in 1297 John I, Count of Holland , (2) in 1302 Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford & 3rd Earl of Essex . The first marriage was childless; by Bohun, Elizabeth had ten children.
Edward II of England , also known as Edward of Caernarvon , (25 April 1284 - 21 September 1327 ). In 1308 he married Isabella of France .
Notes: Marriage
Birth Notes: Child - Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, Princess of England
Death Notes: Child - Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, Princess of England
Sources