These pages represent the work of an amateur researcher and should not be used as the sole source by any other researcher. Few primary sources have been available. Corrections and contributions are encouraged and welcomed. -- Karen (Johnson) Fish

The Johnson-Wallace & Fish-Kirk Families



Charibert Count of Laon and Gisele


Husband Charibert Count of Laon 1 

            AKA: Herbert Count of Laon
           Born:  - <Laon, (Aisne), Picardy>, France
     Christened: 
           Died: After 747
         Buried: 


         Father: Martin of Laon (      -      )
         Mother: Berthe (      -After 0720) 2


       Marriage:

Events

• Living: 720-747.


Wife Gisele 3 

            AKA: Bretrade
           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried:

Children
1 F Berthe of Laon 4 

            AKA: Bertha, Bertrada of Laon
           Born:  - <Laon, (Aisne), Picardy>, France
     Christened: 
           Died: 783
         Buried: 

         Spouse: Pepin III "the Short" King of the Franks (0714-0768) 5 6 7 8

Research Notes: Husband - Charibert Count of Laon

Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-12 (Pepin III the Short)

Charibert I King of Paris


Husband Charibert I King of Paris 9 10 

           Born: 520 - Paris, Île-de-France, France
     Christened: 
           Died: 567
         Buried: 


         Father: Clotaire I "le Vieux" King of Soissons and King of the Franks (0497-0561) 11 12 13
         Mother: Ingund (Abt 0500-      ) 14 15


       Marriage:

Wife 

           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried:

Children
1 F Adelberg Princess of Paris 16 

            AKA: Bertha Princess of Paris
           Born: 555
     Christened: 
           Died: 610 - Metz, Lorraine, Austrasia (France)
         Buried: 

         Spouse: Arnoaldus Bishop of Metz (Abt 0540-0601) 17 18

Research Notes: Husband - Charibert I King of Paris

Per Wikipedia - Chlothar I - he was King of Paris, succeeding Chlothar I (Clotaire I).

Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom and Hildegard of Vinzgouw


Husband Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom 19 20 21 22 







            AKA: Carolus Magnus, Charles I Holy Roman Emperor, Charles the Great
           Born: 2 Apr 747 - Ingelheim, Rheinhessen (Rhineland-Palatinate), Hesse-Darmstadt, Austrasia (Germany)
     Christened: 
           Died: 28 Jan 814 - Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)
         Buried:  - Notre-Dame d'Aix-la-Chapelle, Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)







         Father: Pepin III "the Short" King of the Franks (0714-0768) 5 6 7 8
         Mother: Berthe of Laon (      -0783) 4








       Marriage: Bef 30 Apr 771 - Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)





   Other Spouse: Himiltrude (      -      )





   Other Spouse: Desiderata (      -      ) - 770





   Other Spouse: Fastrade (      -0794) - 784





   Other Spouse: Luitgard (      -      ) - 794



Events

•  Acceded: as Emperor of the West & King of Franks, 768. 

•  Acceded: as King of the Lombards, 774. 

•  Crowned: Holy Roman Emperor, 25 Dec 800. 






Wife Hildegard of Vinzgouw 8 23 24 25





            AKA: Hildegard "the Swabian" of Vinzgau, Hildegarde of Swabia, Hildegarde of Savoy
           Born: Abt 758 - Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)
     Christened: 
           Died: 30 Apr 783 - Thionville, (Moselle, Lorraine), Austrasia (France)
         Buried:  - Abbaye de St. Arnoul, Metz, (Moselle, Lorraine), Austrasia (France)







         Father: Gerold of Swabia, Count in Linzgau, Prefect in Bavaria (Abt 0725-0799) 26 27
         Mother: Emma of Allemania (Abt 0735-Abt 0785) 28 29 30










Children

1  M  Charles "Karl" von Ingelheim Duke of Ingelheim 31





           Born: 772
     Christened: 
           Died: 811
         Buried: 








2  M  Pepin King of Italy and Lombardy 32 33





           Born: Apr 773
     Christened: 12 Apr 781 - Rome, (Italy)
           Died: 8 Jul 810 - Milan, Italy
         Buried: 



         Spouse: < > [Daughter of Duke Bernard] (      -      ) 34



         Spouse: Bertha (      -      )
           Marr: Bef 800






3  M  Louis I Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks 35 36 37 38











            AKA: Louis I "the Fair" Holy Roman Emperor, Louis the Debonaire Holy Roman Emperor, Louis the Pious Holy Roman Emperor
           Born: 16 Apr 778 - <Villa Cassinogilum (Chasseneuil-du-Poitou), (Poitou-Charentes)>, Aquitaine (France)
     Christened: 
           Died: 20 Jun 840 - Ingelheim Kaiserpfalz, (Ingelheim am Rhein, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany)
         Buried: 



         Spouse: Ermengarde of Hesbaye (Abt 0778-0818) 39 40 41
           Marr: Between 794 and 795 - Garonne, France



         Spouse: Judith of Bavaria (Abt 0798-0843) 42 43 44
           Marr: Feb 819









Research Notes: Husband - Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom



Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-13 has b. 2 Apr 747, d. Aix la Chapelle, 28 Jan 813/4, King of France 768-814, crowned Holy Roman Emperor 25 Dec. 800.

From Wikipedia - Charlemagne :

Charlemagne (Latin : Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus, meaning Charles the Great) (742 /747  - 28 January  814 ) was King of the Franks  from 768 to his death. He expanded the Frankish kingdoms into a Frankish Empire  that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy  and was crowned Imperator Augustus by Pope Leo III  on 25 December  800  as a rival of the Byzantine Emperor  in Constantinople . His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance , a revival of art, religion, and culture through the medium of the Catholic Church . Through his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define both Western Europe  and the Middle Ages . He is numbered as Charles I in the regnal lists of France , Germany , and the Holy Roman Empire .

The son of King Pippin the Short  and Bertrada of Laon , he succeeded his father and co-ruled with his brother Carloman I . The latter got on badly with Charlemagne, but war was prevented by the sudden death of Carloman in 771. Charlemagne continued the policy of his father towards the papacy  and became its protector, removing the Lombards  from power in Italy, and waging war on the Saracens , who menaced his realm from Spain . It was during one of these campaigns that Charlemagne experienced the worst defeat of his life, at Roncesvalles  (778). He also campaigned against the peoples to his east, especially the Saxons , and after a protracted war subjected them to his rule. By forcibly converting them to Christianity, he integrated them into his realm and thus paved the way for the later Ottonian dynasty .

Today he is not only regarded as the founding father of both French  and German  monarchies, but as the father of Europe: his empire united most of Western Europe for the first time since the Romans, and the Carolingian renaissance encouraged the formation of a common European identity..,

Date and place of birth
Charlemagne is traditionally believed to have been born on April 2 , 742; however, several factors have led to a reconsideration of this date. First, the year 742 was calculated from his age given at death, rather than from attestation in primary sources. Another date is given in the Annales Petarienses , April 1 , 747. In that year, April 1  was at Easter . The birth of an emperor at eastertime is a coincidence likely to provoke comment, but there was no such comment documented in 747, leading some to suspect that the Easter birthday was a pious fiction concocted as a way of honoring the Emperor. Other commentators weighing the primary records have suggested that his birth was one year later, in 748. At present, it is impossible to be certain of the date of the birth of Charlemagne. The best guesses include April 1 , 747, after April 15 , 747, or April 1 , 748, in Herstal  (where his father was born, a city close to Liège  in modern day Belgium ), the region from where both the Merovingian and Carolingian families originate. He went to live in his father's villa in Jupille  when he was around seven, which caused Jupille to be listed as a possible place of birth in almost every history book. Other cities have been suggested, including, Prüm , Düren , Gauting  and Aachen ...

Early life
Charlemagne was the eldest child of Pippin the Short (714 - 24 September  768, reigned from 751) and his wife Bertrada of Laon  (720 - 12 July  783 ), daughter of Caribert of Laon  and Bertrada of Cologne . Records name only Carloman , Gisela , and a short-lived child named Pippin as his younger siblings. The semi-mythical Redburga , wife of King Egbert of Wessex , is sometimes claimed to be his sister (or sister-in-law or niece), and the legendary material makes him Roland 's maternal uncle through a lady Bertha.

Much of what is known of Charlemagne's life comes from his biographer, Einhard , who wrote a Vita Caroli Magni (or Vita Karoli Magni), the Life of Charlemagne...

Charles and his children
During the first peace of any substantial length (780-782), Charles began to appoint his sons to positions of authority within the realm, in the tradition of the kings and mayors of the past. In 781 he made his two younger sons kings, having them crowned by the Pope. The elder of these two, Carloman , was made king of Italy , taking the Iron Crown which his father had first worn in 774, and in the same ceremony was renamed "Pippin". The younger of the two, Louis , became king of Aquitaine . He ordered Pippin and Louis to be raised in the customs of their kingdoms, and he gave their regents some control of their subkingdoms, but real power was always in his hands, though he intended each to inherit their realm some day. Nor did he tolerate insubordination in his sons: in 792, he banished his eldest, though illegitimate, son, Pippin the Hunchback , to the monastery of Prüm, because the young man had joined a rebellion against him.

The sons fought many wars on behalf of their father when they came of age. Charles was mostly preoccupied with the Bretons, whose border he shared and who insurrected on at least two occasions and were easily put down, but he was also sent against the Saxons on multiple occasions. In 805 and 806, he was sent into the Böhmerwald (modern Bohemia ) to deal with the Slavs living there (Czechs ). He subjected them to Frankish authority and devastated the valley of the Elbe, forcing a tribute on them. Pippin had to hold the Avar  and Beneventan borders, but also fought the Slavs  to his north. He was uniquely poised to fight the Byzantine Empire  when finally that conflict arose after Charlemagne's imperial coronation and a Venetian  rebellion. Finally, Louis was in charge of the Spanish March  and also went to southern Italy to fight the duke of Benevento on at least one occasion. He took Barcelona in a great siege in the year 797 (see below).
Charlemagne's attitude toward his daughters has been the subject of much discussion. He kept them at home with him, and refused to allow them to contract sacramental marriages - possibly to prevent the creation of cadet branches of the family to challenge the main line, as had been the case with Tassilo of Bavaria  - yet he tolerated their extramarital relationships, even rewarding their common-law husbands, and treasured the bastard grandchildren they produced for him. He also, apparently, refused to believe stories of their wild behaviour. After his death the surviving daughters were banished from the court by their brother, the pious Louis, to take up residence in the convents they had been bequeathed by their father. At least one of them, Bertha, had a recognised relationship, if not a marriage, with Angilbert , a member of Charlemagne's court circle...

Death
In 813, Charlemagne called Louis the Pious , king of Aquitaine , his only surviving legitimate son, to his court. There he crowned him with his own hands as co-emperor and sent him back to Aquitaine. He then spent the autumn hunting before returning to Aachen on 1 November . In January, he fell ill with pleurisy  (Einhard 59). He took to his bed on 21 January  and as Einhard tells it:
 He died January twenty-eighth, the seventh day from the time that he took to his bed, at nine o'clock in the morning, after partaking of the Holy Communion , in the seventy-second year of his age and the forty-seventh of his reign.

 He was buried on the day of his death, in Aachen Cathedral , although the cold weather and the nature of his illness made such a hurried burial unnecessary. A later story, told by Otho of Lomello, Count of the Palace at Aachen in the time of Otto III , would claim that he and Emperor Otto had discovered Charlemagne's tomb: the emperor, they claimed, was seated upon a throne, wearing a crown and holding a sceptre, his flesh almost entirely incorrupt. The story was proved false by Frederick I , who discovered the remains of the emperor in a sarcophagus beneath the floor of the chapel.[7]


Charlemagne's death greatly affected many of his subjects, particularly those of the literary clique who had surrounded him at Aachen...

Marriages and heirs
Charlemagne had seventeen children over the course of his life with eight of his ten known wives or concubinues.

 His first relationship was with Himiltrude . The nature of this relationship is variously described as concubinage , a legal marriage or as a Friedelehe .[12] Charlemagne put her aside when he married Desiderata. The union produced two children:
 Amaudru, a daughter[13]
Pippin the Hunchback  (c. 769-811)
 After her, his first wife was Desiderata , daughter of Desiderius , king of the Lombards , married in 770, annulled in 771

His second wife was Hildegard  (757 or 758-783), married 771, died 783. By her he had nine children:
Charles the Younger  (c.772-4 December  811 ), Duke of Maine, and crowned King of the Franks  on 25 December 800
Carloman, renamed Pippin  (April 773-8 July  810 ), King of Italy 
Adalhaid (774), who was born whilst her parents were on campaign in Italy. She was sent back to Francia, but died before reaching Lyons
Rotrude  (or Hruodrud) (775-6 June  810 )
Louis  (778-20 June  840 ), twin of Lothair, King of Aquitaine  since 781, crowned Holy Roman Emperor  in 813, senior Emperor from 814
Lothair (778 -6 February  779 /780 ), twin of Louis, he died in infancy[14]
Bertha  (779-826)
Gisela  (781-808)
Hildegarde (782-783)

 His third wife was Fastrada , married 784, died 794. By her he had:
Theodrada  (b.784), abbess  of Argenteuil 
Hiltrude (b.787)
 His fourth wife was Luitgard , married 794, died childless

Concubinages and illegitimate children
His first known concubine was Gersuinda . By her he had:
 Adaltrude (b.774)
 His second known concubine was Madelgard . By her he had:
Ruodhaid  (775-810), abbess  of Faremoutiers 
 His third known concubine was Amaltrud of Vienne . By her he had:
 Alpaida (b.794)
 His fourth known concubine was Regina . By her he had:
Drogo  (801-855), Bishop of Metz  from 823 and abbot of Luxeuil Abbey 
Hugh  (802-844), archchancellor  of the Empire
 His fifth known concubine was Ethelind . By her he had:
Richbod  (805-844), Abbott of Saint-Riquier 
Theodoric  (b. 807)




Research Notes: Wife - Hildegard of Vinzgouw



Charlemagne's second wife.

From Wikipedia - Hildegard of Vinzgouw :
 (758 -30 April  783 ) was the daughter of Count  Gerold of Vinzgouw  and Emma of Alamannia , daughter of Hnabi , Duke of Alamannia .

Marriage and issue
Hildegard was the second wife of Charlemagne [1], who married her about 771 . They had the following children:
Charles , (772 or 773-811), Count of Maine from 781, joint King of the Franks with Charlemagne from 800
Adelaide (773-773 or 774-774)
Pippin  (773 or 777-810), born Carloman and later renamed at baptism, king of Italy  from 781
Rotrude  (or Hruodrud) (777-810)
Louis the Pious , king of Aquitaine  from 781 , emperor  from 813  (sole Emperor from 814) until 840 
Lothair, twin brother of Louis, died young in 780 
Bertha (779-823?)
Gisela  (781-808?)
Hildegarde (782-783?)
References
1 As described by historians such as Pierre Riché (The Carolingians, p.86.), Lewis Thorpe (Two Lives of Charlemagne, p.216) and others. Other historians list Himiltrude, described by Einhard as a concubine, as Charlemagne's first wife, and reorder his subsequent wives; accordingly Hildegard is sometimes numbered as his third wife. See Dieter Hägemann (Karl der Große. Herrscher des Abendlands, Ullstein 2003, p. 82f.), Collins (Charlemagne, p. 40.).



Christening Notes: Child - Pepin King of Italy and Lombardy



Baptized at Rome, 12 Apr. 781, by Pope Adrian I


Death Notes: Child - Louis I Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks



Near Mainz








Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom and Himiltrude











Husband Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom 19 20 21 22











            AKA: Carolus Magnus, Charles I Holy Roman Emperor, Charles the Great
           Born: 2 Apr 747 - Ingelheim, Rheinhessen (Rhineland-Palatinate), Hesse-Darmstadt, Austrasia (Germany)
     Christened: 
           Died: 28 Jan 814 - Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)
         Buried:  - Notre-Dame d'Aix-la-Chapelle, Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)







         Father: Pepin III "the Short" King of the Franks (0714-0768) 5 6 7 8
         Mother: Berthe of Laon (      -0783) 4








       Marriage:  - This couple did not marry





   Other Spouse: Hildegard of Vinzgouw (Abt 0758-0783) 8 23 24 25 - Bef 30 Apr 771 - Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)





   Other Spouse: Desiderata (      -      ) - 770





   Other Spouse: Fastrade (      -0794) - 784





   Other Spouse: Luitgard (      -      ) - 794



Events

•  Acceded: as Emperor of the West & King of Franks, 768. 

•  Acceded: as King of the Lombards, 774. 

•  Crowned: Holy Roman Emperor, 25 Dec 800. 






Wife Himiltrude





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried: 







Children


Research Notes: Husband - Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom



Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-13 has b. 2 Apr 747, d. Aix la Chapelle, 28 Jan 813/4, King of France 768-814, crowned Holy Roman Emperor 25 Dec. 800.

From Wikipedia - Charlemagne :

Charlemagne (Latin : Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus, meaning Charles the Great) (742 /747  - 28 January  814 ) was King of the Franks  from 768 to his death. He expanded the Frankish kingdoms into a Frankish Empire  that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy  and was crowned Imperator Augustus by Pope Leo III  on 25 December  800  as a rival of the Byzantine Emperor  in Constantinople . His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance , a revival of art, religion, and culture through the medium of the Catholic Church . Through his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define both Western Europe  and the Middle Ages . He is numbered as Charles I in the regnal lists of France , Germany , and the Holy Roman Empire .

The son of King Pippin the Short  and Bertrada of Laon , he succeeded his father and co-ruled with his brother Carloman I . The latter got on badly with Charlemagne, but war was prevented by the sudden death of Carloman in 771. Charlemagne continued the policy of his father towards the papacy  and became its protector, removing the Lombards  from power in Italy, and waging war on the Saracens , who menaced his realm from Spain . It was during one of these campaigns that Charlemagne experienced the worst defeat of his life, at Roncesvalles  (778). He also campaigned against the peoples to his east, especially the Saxons , and after a protracted war subjected them to his rule. By forcibly converting them to Christianity, he integrated them into his realm and thus paved the way for the later Ottonian dynasty .

Today he is not only regarded as the founding father of both French  and German  monarchies, but as the father of Europe: his empire united most of Western Europe for the first time since the Romans, and the Carolingian renaissance encouraged the formation of a common European identity..,

Date and place of birth
Charlemagne is traditionally believed to have been born on April 2 , 742; however, several factors have led to a reconsideration of this date. First, the year 742 was calculated from his age given at death, rather than from attestation in primary sources. Another date is given in the Annales Petarienses , April 1 , 747. In that year, April 1  was at Easter . The birth of an emperor at eastertime is a coincidence likely to provoke comment, but there was no such comment documented in 747, leading some to suspect that the Easter birthday was a pious fiction concocted as a way of honoring the Emperor. Other commentators weighing the primary records have suggested that his birth was one year later, in 748. At present, it is impossible to be certain of the date of the birth of Charlemagne. The best guesses include April 1 , 747, after April 15 , 747, or April 1 , 748, in Herstal  (where his father was born, a city close to Liège  in modern day Belgium ), the region from where both the Merovingian and Carolingian families originate. He went to live in his father's villa in Jupille  when he was around seven, which caused Jupille to be listed as a possible place of birth in almost every history book. Other cities have been suggested, including, Prüm , Düren , Gauting  and Aachen ...

Early life
Charlemagne was the eldest child of Pippin the Short (714 - 24 September  768, reigned from 751) and his wife Bertrada of Laon  (720 - 12 July  783 ), daughter of Caribert of Laon  and Bertrada of Cologne . Records name only Carloman , Gisela , and a short-lived child named Pippin as his younger siblings. The semi-mythical Redburga , wife of King Egbert of Wessex , is sometimes claimed to be his sister (or sister-in-law or niece), and the legendary material makes him Roland 's maternal uncle through a lady Bertha.

Much of what is known of Charlemagne's life comes from his biographer, Einhard , who wrote a Vita Caroli Magni (or Vita Karoli Magni), the Life of Charlemagne...

Charles and his children
During the first peace of any substantial length (780-782), Charles began to appoint his sons to positions of authority within the realm, in the tradition of the kings and mayors of the past. In 781 he made his two younger sons kings, having them crowned by the Pope. The elder of these two, Carloman , was made king of Italy , taking the Iron Crown which his father had first worn in 774, and in the same ceremony was renamed "Pippin". The younger of the two, Louis , became king of Aquitaine . He ordered Pippin and Louis to be raised in the customs of their kingdoms, and he gave their regents some control of their subkingdoms, but real power was always in his hands, though he intended each to inherit their realm some day. Nor did he tolerate insubordination in his sons: in 792, he banished his eldest, though illegitimate, son, Pippin the Hunchback , to the monastery of Prüm, because the young man had joined a rebellion against him.

The sons fought many wars on behalf of their father when they came of age. Charles was mostly preoccupied with the Bretons, whose border he shared and who insurrected on at least two occasions and were easily put down, but he was also sent against the Saxons on multiple occasions. In 805 and 806, he was sent into the Böhmerwald (modern Bohemia ) to deal with the Slavs living there (Czechs ). He subjected them to Frankish authority and devastated the valley of the Elbe, forcing a tribute on them. Pippin had to hold the Avar  and Beneventan borders, but also fought the Slavs  to his north. He was uniquely poised to fight the Byzantine Empire  when finally that conflict arose after Charlemagne's imperial coronation and a Venetian  rebellion. Finally, Louis was in charge of the Spanish March  and also went to southern Italy to fight the duke of Benevento on at least one occasion. He took Barcelona in a great siege in the year 797 (see below).
Charlemagne's attitude toward his daughters has been the subject of much discussion. He kept them at home with him, and refused to allow them to contract sacramental marriages - possibly to prevent the creation of cadet branches of the family to challenge the main line, as had been the case with Tassilo of Bavaria  - yet he tolerated their extramarital relationships, even rewarding their common-law husbands, and treasured the bastard grandchildren they produced for him. He also, apparently, refused to believe stories of their wild behaviour. After his death the surviving daughters were banished from the court by their brother, the pious Louis, to take up residence in the convents they had been bequeathed by their father. At least one of them, Bertha, had a recognised relationship, if not a marriage, with Angilbert , a member of Charlemagne's court circle...

Death
In 813, Charlemagne called Louis the Pious , king of Aquitaine , his only surviving legitimate son, to his court. There he crowned him with his own hands as co-emperor and sent him back to Aquitaine. He then spent the autumn hunting before returning to Aachen on 1 November . In January, he fell ill with pleurisy  (Einhard 59). He took to his bed on 21 January  and as Einhard tells it:
 He died January twenty-eighth, the seventh day from the time that he took to his bed, at nine o'clock in the morning, after partaking of the Holy Communion , in the seventy-second year of his age and the forty-seventh of his reign.

 He was buried on the day of his death, in Aachen Cathedral , although the cold weather and the nature of his illness made such a hurried burial unnecessary. A later story, told by Otho of Lomello, Count of the Palace at Aachen in the time of Otto III , would claim that he and Emperor Otto had discovered Charlemagne's tomb: the emperor, they claimed, was seated upon a throne, wearing a crown and holding a sceptre, his flesh almost entirely incorrupt. The story was proved false by Frederick I , who discovered the remains of the emperor in a sarcophagus beneath the floor of the chapel.[7]


Charlemagne's death greatly affected many of his subjects, particularly those of the literary clique who had surrounded him at Aachen...

Marriages and heirs
Charlemagne had seventeen children over the course of his life with eight of his ten known wives or concubinues.

 His first relationship was with Himiltrude . The nature of this relationship is variously described as concubinage , a legal marriage or as a Friedelehe .[12] Charlemagne put her aside when he married Desiderata. The union produced two children:
 Amaudru, a daughter[13]
Pippin the Hunchback  (c. 769-811)
 After her, his first wife was Desiderata , daughter of Desiderius , king of the Lombards , married in 770, annulled in 771

His second wife was Hildegard  (757 or 758-783), married 771, died 783. By her he had nine children:
Charles the Younger  (c.772-4 December  811 ), Duke of Maine, and crowned King of the Franks  on 25 December 800
Carloman, renamed Pippin  (April 773-8 July  810 ), King of Italy 
Adalhaid (774), who was born whilst her parents were on campaign in Italy. She was sent back to Francia, but died before reaching Lyons
Rotrude  (or Hruodrud) (775-6 June  810 )
Louis  (778-20 June  840 ), twin of Lothair, King of Aquitaine  since 781, crowned Holy Roman Emperor  in 813, senior Emperor from 814
Lothair (778 -6 February  779 /780 ), twin of Louis, he died in infancy[14]
Bertha  (779-826)
Gisela  (781-808)
Hildegarde (782-783)

 His third wife was Fastrada , married 784, died 794. By her he had:
Theodrada  (b.784), abbess  of Argenteuil 
Hiltrude (b.787)
 His fourth wife was Luitgard , married 794, died childless

Concubinages and illegitimate children
His first known concubine was Gersuinda . By her he had:
 Adaltrude (b.774)
 His second known concubine was Madelgard . By her he had:
Ruodhaid  (775-810), abbess  of Faremoutiers 
 His third known concubine was Amaltrud of Vienne . By her he had:
 Alpaida (b.794)
 His fourth known concubine was Regina . By her he had:
Drogo  (801-855), Bishop of Metz  from 823 and abbot of Luxeuil Abbey 
Hugh  (802-844), archchancellor  of the Empire
 His fifth known concubine was Ethelind . By her he had:
Richbod  (805-844), Abbott of Saint-Riquier 
Theodoric  (b. 807)




Research Notes: Wife - Himiltrude



Source: Wikipedia - Charlemagne








Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom and Desiderata











Husband Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom 19 20 21 22











            AKA: Carolus Magnus, Charles I Holy Roman Emperor, Charles the Great
           Born: 2 Apr 747 - Ingelheim, Rheinhessen (Rhineland-Palatinate), Hesse-Darmstadt, Austrasia (Germany)
     Christened: 
           Died: 28 Jan 814 - Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)
         Buried:  - Notre-Dame d'Aix-la-Chapelle, Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)







         Father: Pepin III "the Short" King of the Franks (0714-0768) 5 6 7 8
         Mother: Berthe of Laon (      -0783) 4








       Marriage: 770





   Other Spouse: Hildegard of Vinzgouw (Abt 0758-0783) 8 23 24 25 - Bef 30 Apr 771 - Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)





   Other Spouse: Himiltrude (      -      )





   Other Spouse: Fastrade (      -0794) - 784





   Other Spouse: Luitgard (      -      ) - 794



Events

•  Acceded: as Emperor of the West & King of Franks, 768. 

•  Acceded: as King of the Lombards, 774. 

•  Crowned: Holy Roman Emperor, 25 Dec 800. 






Wife Desiderata





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried: 







Children


Research Notes: Husband - Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom



Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-13 has b. 2 Apr 747, d. Aix la Chapelle, 28 Jan 813/4, King of France 768-814, crowned Holy Roman Emperor 25 Dec. 800.

From Wikipedia - Charlemagne :

Charlemagne (Latin : Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus, meaning Charles the Great) (742 /747  - 28 January  814 ) was King of the Franks  from 768 to his death. He expanded the Frankish kingdoms into a Frankish Empire  that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy  and was crowned Imperator Augustus by Pope Leo III  on 25 December  800  as a rival of the Byzantine Emperor  in Constantinople . His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance , a revival of art, religion, and culture through the medium of the Catholic Church . Through his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define both Western Europe  and the Middle Ages . He is numbered as Charles I in the regnal lists of France , Germany , and the Holy Roman Empire .

The son of King Pippin the Short  and Bertrada of Laon , he succeeded his father and co-ruled with his brother Carloman I . The latter got on badly with Charlemagne, but war was prevented by the sudden death of Carloman in 771. Charlemagne continued the policy of his father towards the papacy  and became its protector, removing the Lombards  from power in Italy, and waging war on the Saracens , who menaced his realm from Spain . It was during one of these campaigns that Charlemagne experienced the worst defeat of his life, at Roncesvalles  (778). He also campaigned against the peoples to his east, especially the Saxons , and after a protracted war subjected them to his rule. By forcibly converting them to Christianity, he integrated them into his realm and thus paved the way for the later Ottonian dynasty .

Today he is not only regarded as the founding father of both French  and German  monarchies, but as the father of Europe: his empire united most of Western Europe for the first time since the Romans, and the Carolingian renaissance encouraged the formation of a common European identity..,

Date and place of birth
Charlemagne is traditionally believed to have been born on April 2 , 742; however, several factors have led to a reconsideration of this date. First, the year 742 was calculated from his age given at death, rather than from attestation in primary sources. Another date is given in the Annales Petarienses , April 1 , 747. In that year, April 1  was at Easter . The birth of an emperor at eastertime is a coincidence likely to provoke comment, but there was no such comment documented in 747, leading some to suspect that the Easter birthday was a pious fiction concocted as a way of honoring the Emperor. Other commentators weighing the primary records have suggested that his birth was one year later, in 748. At present, it is impossible to be certain of the date of the birth of Charlemagne. The best guesses include April 1 , 747, after April 15 , 747, or April 1 , 748, in Herstal  (where his father was born, a city close to Liège  in modern day Belgium ), the region from where both the Merovingian and Carolingian families originate. He went to live in his father's villa in Jupille  when he was around seven, which caused Jupille to be listed as a possible place of birth in almost every history book. Other cities have been suggested, including, Prüm , Düren , Gauting  and Aachen ...

Early life
Charlemagne was the eldest child of Pippin the Short (714 - 24 September  768, reigned from 751) and his wife Bertrada of Laon  (720 - 12 July  783 ), daughter of Caribert of Laon  and Bertrada of Cologne . Records name only Carloman , Gisela , and a short-lived child named Pippin as his younger siblings. The semi-mythical Redburga , wife of King Egbert of Wessex , is sometimes claimed to be his sister (or sister-in-law or niece), and the legendary material makes him Roland 's maternal uncle through a lady Bertha.

Much of what is known of Charlemagne's life comes from his biographer, Einhard , who wrote a Vita Caroli Magni (or Vita Karoli Magni), the Life of Charlemagne...

Charles and his children
During the first peace of any substantial length (780-782), Charles began to appoint his sons to positions of authority within the realm, in the tradition of the kings and mayors of the past. In 781 he made his two younger sons kings, having them crowned by the Pope. The elder of these two, Carloman , was made king of Italy , taking the Iron Crown which his father had first worn in 774, and in the same ceremony was renamed "Pippin". The younger of the two, Louis , became king of Aquitaine . He ordered Pippin and Louis to be raised in the customs of their kingdoms, and he gave their regents some control of their subkingdoms, but real power was always in his hands, though he intended each to inherit their realm some day. Nor did he tolerate insubordination in his sons: in 792, he banished his eldest, though illegitimate, son, Pippin the Hunchback , to the monastery of Prüm, because the young man had joined a rebellion against him.

The sons fought many wars on behalf of their father when they came of age. Charles was mostly preoccupied with the Bretons, whose border he shared and who insurrected on at least two occasions and were easily put down, but he was also sent against the Saxons on multiple occasions. In 805 and 806, he was sent into the Böhmerwald (modern Bohemia ) to deal with the Slavs living there (Czechs ). He subjected them to Frankish authority and devastated the valley of the Elbe, forcing a tribute on them. Pippin had to hold the Avar  and Beneventan borders, but also fought the Slavs  to his north. He was uniquely poised to fight the Byzantine Empire  when finally that conflict arose after Charlemagne's imperial coronation and a Venetian  rebellion. Finally, Louis was in charge of the Spanish March  and also went to southern Italy to fight the duke of Benevento on at least one occasion. He took Barcelona in a great siege in the year 797 (see below).
Charlemagne's attitude toward his daughters has been the subject of much discussion. He kept them at home with him, and refused to allow them to contract sacramental marriages - possibly to prevent the creation of cadet branches of the family to challenge the main line, as had been the case with Tassilo of Bavaria  - yet he tolerated their extramarital relationships, even rewarding their common-law husbands, and treasured the bastard grandchildren they produced for him. He also, apparently, refused to believe stories of their wild behaviour. After his death the surviving daughters were banished from the court by their brother, the pious Louis, to take up residence in the convents they had been bequeathed by their father. At least one of them, Bertha, had a recognised relationship, if not a marriage, with Angilbert , a member of Charlemagne's court circle...

Death
In 813, Charlemagne called Louis the Pious , king of Aquitaine , his only surviving legitimate son, to his court. There he crowned him with his own hands as co-emperor and sent him back to Aquitaine. He then spent the autumn hunting before returning to Aachen on 1 November . In January, he fell ill with pleurisy  (Einhard 59). He took to his bed on 21 January  and as Einhard tells it:
 He died January twenty-eighth, the seventh day from the time that he took to his bed, at nine o'clock in the morning, after partaking of the Holy Communion , in the seventy-second year of his age and the forty-seventh of his reign.

 He was buried on the day of his death, in Aachen Cathedral , although the cold weather and the nature of his illness made such a hurried burial unnecessary. A later story, told by Otho of Lomello, Count of the Palace at Aachen in the time of Otto III , would claim that he and Emperor Otto had discovered Charlemagne's tomb: the emperor, they claimed, was seated upon a throne, wearing a crown and holding a sceptre, his flesh almost entirely incorrupt. The story was proved false by Frederick I , who discovered the remains of the emperor in a sarcophagus beneath the floor of the chapel.[7]


Charlemagne's death greatly affected many of his subjects, particularly those of the literary clique who had surrounded him at Aachen...

Marriages and heirs
Charlemagne had seventeen children over the course of his life with eight of his ten known wives or concubinues.

 His first relationship was with Himiltrude . The nature of this relationship is variously described as concubinage , a legal marriage or as a Friedelehe .[12] Charlemagne put her aside when he married Desiderata. The union produced two children:
 Amaudru, a daughter[13]
Pippin the Hunchback  (c. 769-811)
 After her, his first wife was Desiderata , daughter of Desiderius , king of the Lombards , married in 770, annulled in 771

His second wife was Hildegard  (757 or 758-783), married 771, died 783. By her he had nine children:
Charles the Younger  (c.772-4 December  811 ), Duke of Maine, and crowned King of the Franks  on 25 December 800
Carloman, renamed Pippin  (April 773-8 July  810 ), King of Italy 
Adalhaid (774), who was born whilst her parents were on campaign in Italy. She was sent back to Francia, but died before reaching Lyons
Rotrude  (or Hruodrud) (775-6 June  810 )
Louis  (778-20 June  840 ), twin of Lothair, King of Aquitaine  since 781, crowned Holy Roman Emperor  in 813, senior Emperor from 814
Lothair (778 -6 February  779 /780 ), twin of Louis, he died in infancy[14]
Bertha  (779-826)
Gisela  (781-808)
Hildegarde (782-783)

 His third wife was Fastrada , married 784, died 794. By her he had:
Theodrada  (b.784), abbess  of Argenteuil 
Hiltrude (b.787)
 His fourth wife was Luitgard , married 794, died childless

Concubinages and illegitimate children
His first known concubine was Gersuinda . By her he had:
 Adaltrude (b.774)
 His second known concubine was Madelgard . By her he had:
Ruodhaid  (775-810), abbess  of Faremoutiers 
 His third known concubine was Amaltrud of Vienne . By her he had:
 Alpaida (b.794)
 His fourth known concubine was Regina . By her he had:
Drogo  (801-855), Bishop of Metz  from 823 and abbot of Luxeuil Abbey 
Hugh  (802-844), archchancellor  of the Empire
 His fifth known concubine was Ethelind . By her he had:
Richbod  (805-844), Abbott of Saint-Riquier 
Theodoric  (b. 807)




Research Notes: Wife - Desiderata



Source: Wikipedia - Charlemagne.  Marriage annulled in 771








Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom and Fastrade











Husband Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom 19 20 21 22











            AKA: Carolus Magnus, Charles I Holy Roman Emperor, Charles the Great
           Born: 2 Apr 747 - Ingelheim, Rheinhessen (Rhineland-Palatinate), Hesse-Darmstadt, Austrasia (Germany)
     Christened: 
           Died: 28 Jan 814 - Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)
         Buried:  - Notre-Dame d'Aix-la-Chapelle, Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)







         Father: Pepin III "the Short" King of the Franks (0714-0768) 5 6 7 8
         Mother: Berthe of Laon (      -0783) 4








       Marriage: 784





   Other Spouse: Hildegard of Vinzgouw (Abt 0758-0783) 8 23 24 25 - Bef 30 Apr 771 - Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)





   Other Spouse: Himiltrude (      -      )





   Other Spouse: Desiderata (      -      ) - 770





   Other Spouse: Luitgard (      -      ) - 794



Events

•  Acceded: as Emperor of the West & King of Franks, 768. 

•  Acceded: as King of the Lombards, 774. 

•  Crowned: Holy Roman Emperor, 25 Dec 800. 






Wife Fastrade





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 794
         Buried: 







Children


Research Notes: Husband - Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom



Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-13 has b. 2 Apr 747, d. Aix la Chapelle, 28 Jan 813/4, King of France 768-814, crowned Holy Roman Emperor 25 Dec. 800.

From Wikipedia - Charlemagne :

Charlemagne (Latin : Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus, meaning Charles the Great) (742 /747  - 28 January  814 ) was King of the Franks  from 768 to his death. He expanded the Frankish kingdoms into a Frankish Empire  that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy  and was crowned Imperator Augustus by Pope Leo III  on 25 December  800  as a rival of the Byzantine Emperor  in Constantinople . His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance , a revival of art, religion, and culture through the medium of the Catholic Church . Through his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define both Western Europe  and the Middle Ages . He is numbered as Charles I in the regnal lists of France , Germany , and the Holy Roman Empire .

The son of King Pippin the Short  and Bertrada of Laon , he succeeded his father and co-ruled with his brother Carloman I . The latter got on badly with Charlemagne, but war was prevented by the sudden death of Carloman in 771. Charlemagne continued the policy of his father towards the papacy  and became its protector, removing the Lombards  from power in Italy, and waging war on the Saracens , who menaced his realm from Spain . It was during one of these campaigns that Charlemagne experienced the worst defeat of his life, at Roncesvalles  (778). He also campaigned against the peoples to his east, especially the Saxons , and after a protracted war subjected them to his rule. By forcibly converting them to Christianity, he integrated them into his realm and thus paved the way for the later Ottonian dynasty .

Today he is not only regarded as the founding father of both French  and German  monarchies, but as the father of Europe: his empire united most of Western Europe for the first time since the Romans, and the Carolingian renaissance encouraged the formation of a common European identity..,

Date and place of birth
Charlemagne is traditionally believed to have been born on April 2 , 742; however, several factors have led to a reconsideration of this date. First, the year 742 was calculated from his age given at death, rather than from attestation in primary sources. Another date is given in the Annales Petarienses , April 1 , 747. In that year, April 1  was at Easter . The birth of an emperor at eastertime is a coincidence likely to provoke comment, but there was no such comment documented in 747, leading some to suspect that the Easter birthday was a pious fiction concocted as a way of honoring the Emperor. Other commentators weighing the primary records have suggested that his birth was one year later, in 748. At present, it is impossible to be certain of the date of the birth of Charlemagne. The best guesses include April 1 , 747, after April 15 , 747, or April 1 , 748, in Herstal  (where his father was born, a city close to Liège  in modern day Belgium ), the region from where both the Merovingian and Carolingian families originate. He went to live in his father's villa in Jupille  when he was around seven, which caused Jupille to be listed as a possible place of birth in almost every history book. Other cities have been suggested, including, Prüm , Düren , Gauting  and Aachen ...

Early life
Charlemagne was the eldest child of Pippin the Short (714 - 24 September  768, reigned from 751) and his wife Bertrada of Laon  (720 - 12 July  783 ), daughter of Caribert of Laon  and Bertrada of Cologne . Records name only Carloman , Gisela , and a short-lived child named Pippin as his younger siblings. The semi-mythical Redburga , wife of King Egbert of Wessex , is sometimes claimed to be his sister (or sister-in-law or niece), and the legendary material makes him Roland 's maternal uncle through a lady Bertha.

Much of what is known of Charlemagne's life comes from his biographer, Einhard , who wrote a Vita Caroli Magni (or Vita Karoli Magni), the Life of Charlemagne...

Charles and his children
During the first peace of any substantial length (780-782), Charles began to appoint his sons to positions of authority within the realm, in the tradition of the kings and mayors of the past. In 781 he made his two younger sons kings, having them crowned by the Pope. The elder of these two, Carloman , was made king of Italy , taking the Iron Crown which his father had first worn in 774, and in the same ceremony was renamed "Pippin". The younger of the two, Louis , became king of Aquitaine . He ordered Pippin and Louis to be raised in the customs of their kingdoms, and he gave their regents some control of their subkingdoms, but real power was always in his hands, though he intended each to inherit their realm some day. Nor did he tolerate insubordination in his sons: in 792, he banished his eldest, though illegitimate, son, Pippin the Hunchback , to the monastery of Prüm, because the young man had joined a rebellion against him.

The sons fought many wars on behalf of their father when they came of age. Charles was mostly preoccupied with the Bretons, whose border he shared and who insurrected on at least two occasions and were easily put down, but he was also sent against the Saxons on multiple occasions. In 805 and 806, he was sent into the Böhmerwald (modern Bohemia ) to deal with the Slavs living there (Czechs ). He subjected them to Frankish authority and devastated the valley of the Elbe, forcing a tribute on them. Pippin had to hold the Avar  and Beneventan borders, but also fought the Slavs  to his north. He was uniquely poised to fight the Byzantine Empire  when finally that conflict arose after Charlemagne's imperial coronation and a Venetian  rebellion. Finally, Louis was in charge of the Spanish March  and also went to southern Italy to fight the duke of Benevento on at least one occasion. He took Barcelona in a great siege in the year 797 (see below).
Charlemagne's attitude toward his daughters has been the subject of much discussion. He kept them at home with him, and refused to allow them to contract sacramental marriages - possibly to prevent the creation of cadet branches of the family to challenge the main line, as had been the case with Tassilo of Bavaria  - yet he tolerated their extramarital relationships, even rewarding their common-law husbands, and treasured the bastard grandchildren they produced for him. He also, apparently, refused to believe stories of their wild behaviour. After his death the surviving daughters were banished from the court by their brother, the pious Louis, to take up residence in the convents they had been bequeathed by their father. At least one of them, Bertha, had a recognised relationship, if not a marriage, with Angilbert , a member of Charlemagne's court circle...

Death
In 813, Charlemagne called Louis the Pious , king of Aquitaine , his only surviving legitimate son, to his court. There he crowned him with his own hands as co-emperor and sent him back to Aquitaine. He then spent the autumn hunting before returning to Aachen on 1 November . In January, he fell ill with pleurisy  (Einhard 59). He took to his bed on 21 January  and as Einhard tells it:
 He died January twenty-eighth, the seventh day from the time that he took to his bed, at nine o'clock in the morning, after partaking of the Holy Communion , in the seventy-second year of his age and the forty-seventh of his reign.

 He was buried on the day of his death, in Aachen Cathedral , although the cold weather and the nature of his illness made such a hurried burial unnecessary. A later story, told by Otho of Lomello, Count of the Palace at Aachen in the time of Otto III , would claim that he and Emperor Otto had discovered Charlemagne's tomb: the emperor, they claimed, was seated upon a throne, wearing a crown and holding a sceptre, his flesh almost entirely incorrupt. The story was proved false by Frederick I , who discovered the remains of the emperor in a sarcophagus beneath the floor of the chapel.[7]


Charlemagne's death greatly affected many of his subjects, particularly those of the literary clique who had surrounded him at Aachen...

Marriages and heirs
Charlemagne had seventeen children over the course of his life with eight of his ten known wives or concubinues.

 His first relationship was with Himiltrude . The nature of this relationship is variously described as concubinage , a legal marriage or as a Friedelehe .[12] Charlemagne put her aside when he married Desiderata. The union produced two children:
 Amaudru, a daughter[13]
Pippin the Hunchback  (c. 769-811)
 After her, his first wife was Desiderata , daughter of Desiderius , king of the Lombards , married in 770, annulled in 771

His second wife was Hildegard  (757 or 758-783), married 771, died 783. By her he had nine children:
Charles the Younger  (c.772-4 December  811 ), Duke of Maine, and crowned King of the Franks  on 25 December 800
Carloman, renamed Pippin  (April 773-8 July  810 ), King of Italy 
Adalhaid (774), who was born whilst her parents were on campaign in Italy. She was sent back to Francia, but died before reaching Lyons
Rotrude  (or Hruodrud) (775-6 June  810 )
Louis  (778-20 June  840 ), twin of Lothair, King of Aquitaine  since 781, crowned Holy Roman Emperor  in 813, senior Emperor from 814
Lothair (778 -6 February  779 /780 ), twin of Louis, he died in infancy[14]
Bertha  (779-826)
Gisela  (781-808)
Hildegarde (782-783)

 His third wife was Fastrada , married 784, died 794. By her he had:
Theodrada  (b.784), abbess  of Argenteuil 
Hiltrude (b.787)
 His fourth wife was Luitgard , married 794, died childless

Concubinages and illegitimate children
His first known concubine was Gersuinda . By her he had:
 Adaltrude (b.774)
 His second known concubine was Madelgard . By her he had:
Ruodhaid  (775-810), abbess  of Faremoutiers 
 His third known concubine was Amaltrud of Vienne . By her he had:
 Alpaida (b.794)
 His fourth known concubine was Regina . By her he had:
Drogo  (801-855), Bishop of Metz  from 823 and abbot of Luxeuil Abbey 
Hugh  (802-844), archchancellor  of the Empire
 His fifth known concubine was Ethelind . By her he had:
Richbod  (805-844), Abbott of Saint-Riquier 
Theodoric  (b. 807)




Research Notes: Wife - Fastrade



Source: Wikipedia - Charlemagne








Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom and Luitgard











Husband Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom 19 20 21 22











            AKA: Carolus Magnus, Charles I Holy Roman Emperor, Charles the Great
           Born: 2 Apr 747 - Ingelheim, Rheinhessen (Rhineland-Palatinate), Hesse-Darmstadt, Austrasia (Germany)
     Christened: 
           Died: 28 Jan 814 - Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)
         Buried:  - Notre-Dame d'Aix-la-Chapelle, Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)







         Father: Pepin III "the Short" King of the Franks (0714-0768) 5 6 7 8
         Mother: Berthe of Laon (      -0783) 4








       Marriage: 794





   Other Spouse: Hildegard of Vinzgouw (Abt 0758-0783) 8 23 24 25 - Bef 30 Apr 771 - Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Rhineland, Prussia (Germany)





   Other Spouse: Himiltrude (      -      )





   Other Spouse: Desiderata (      -      ) - 770





   Other Spouse: Fastrade (      -0794) - 784



Events

•  Acceded: as Emperor of the West & King of Franks, 768. 

•  Acceded: as King of the Lombards, 774. 

•  Crowned: Holy Roman Emperor, 25 Dec 800. 






Wife Luitgard





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried: 



Had no children




Children


Research Notes: Husband - Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom



Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 50-13 has b. 2 Apr 747, d. Aix la Chapelle, 28 Jan 813/4, King of France 768-814, crowned Holy Roman Emperor 25 Dec. 800.

From Wikipedia - Charlemagne :

Charlemagne (Latin : Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus, meaning Charles the Great) (742 /747  - 28 January  814 ) was King of the Franks  from 768 to his death. He expanded the Frankish kingdoms into a Frankish Empire  that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy  and was crowned Imperator Augustus by Pope Leo III  on 25 December  800  as a rival of the Byzantine Emperor  in Constantinople . His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance , a revival of art, religion, and culture through the medium of the Catholic Church . Through his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define both Western Europe  and the Middle Ages . He is numbered as Charles I in the regnal lists of France , Germany , and the Holy Roman Empire .

The son of King Pippin the Short  and Bertrada of Laon , he succeeded his father and co-ruled with his brother Carloman I . The latter got on badly with Charlemagne, but war was prevented by the sudden death of Carloman in 771. Charlemagne continued the policy of his father towards the papacy  and became its protector, removing the Lombards  from power in Italy, and waging war on the Saracens , who menaced his realm from Spain . It was during one of these campaigns that Charlemagne experienced the worst defeat of his life, at Roncesvalles  (778). He also campaigned against the peoples to his east, especially the Saxons , and after a protracted war subjected them to his rule. By forcibly converting them to Christianity, he integrated them into his realm and thus paved the way for the later Ottonian dynasty .

Today he is not only regarded as the founding father of both French  and German  monarchies, but as the father of Europe: his empire united most of Western Europe for the first time since the Romans, and the Carolingian renaissance encouraged the formation of a common European identity..,

Date and place of birth
Charlemagne is traditionally believed to have been born on April 2 , 742; however, several factors have led to a reconsideration of this date. First, the year 742 was calculated from his age given at death, rather than from attestation in primary sources. Another date is given in the Annales Petarienses , April 1 , 747. In that year, April 1  was at Easter . The birth of an emperor at eastertime is a coincidence likely to provoke comment, but there was no such comment documented in 747, leading some to suspect that the Easter birthday was a pious fiction concocted as a way of honoring the Emperor. Other commentators weighing the primary records have suggested that his birth was one year later, in 748. At present, it is impossible to be certain of the date of the birth of Charlemagne. The best guesses include April 1 , 747, after April 15 , 747, or April 1 , 748, in Herstal  (where his father was born, a city close to Liège  in modern day Belgium ), the region from where both the Merovingian and Carolingian families originate. He went to live in his father's villa in Jupille  when he was around seven, which caused Jupille to be listed as a possible place of birth in almost every history book. Other cities have been suggested, including, Prüm , Düren , Gauting  and Aachen ...

Early life
Charlemagne was the eldest child of Pippin the Short (714 - 24 September  768, reigned from 751) and his wife Bertrada of Laon  (720 - 12 July  783 ), daughter of Caribert of Laon  and Bertrada of Cologne . Records name only Carloman , Gisela , and a short-lived child named Pippin as his younger siblings. The semi-mythical Redburga , wife of King Egbert of Wessex , is sometimes claimed to be his sister (or sister-in-law or niece), and the legendary material makes him Roland 's maternal uncle through a lady Bertha.

Much of what is known of Charlemagne's life comes from his biographer, Einhard , who wrote a Vita Caroli Magni (or Vita Karoli Magni), the Life of Charlemagne...

Charles and his children
During the first peace of any substantial length (780-782), Charles began to appoint his sons to positions of authority within the realm, in the tradition of the kings and mayors of the past. In 781 he made his two younger sons kings, having them crowned by the Pope. The elder of these two, Carloman , was made king of Italy , taking the Iron Crown which his father had first worn in 774, and in the same ceremony was renamed "Pippin". The younger of the two, Louis , became king of Aquitaine . He ordered Pippin and Louis to be raised in the customs of their kingdoms, and he gave their regents some control of their subkingdoms, but real power was always in his hands, though he intended each to inherit their realm some day. Nor did he tolerate insubordination in his sons: in 792, he banished his eldest, though illegitimate, son, Pippin the Hunchback , to the monastery of Prüm, because the young man had joined a rebellion against him.

The sons fought many wars on behalf of their father when they came of age. Charles was mostly preoccupied with the Bretons, whose border he shared and who insurrected on at least two occasions and were easily put down, but he was also sent against the Saxons on multiple occasions. In 805 and 806, he was sent into the Böhmerwald (modern Bohemia ) to deal with the Slavs living there (Czechs ). He subjected them to Frankish authority and devastated the valley of the Elbe, forcing a tribute on them. Pippin had to hold the Avar  and Beneventan borders, but also fought the Slavs  to his north. He was uniquely poised to fight the Byzantine Empire  when finally that conflict arose after Charlemagne's imperial coronation and a Venetian  rebellion. Finally, Louis was in charge of the Spanish March  and also went to southern Italy to fight the duke of Benevento on at least one occasion. He took Barcelona in a great siege in the year 797 (see below).
Charlemagne's attitude toward his daughters has been the subject of much discussion. He kept them at home with him, and refused to allow them to contract sacramental marriages - possibly to prevent the creation of cadet branches of the family to challenge the main line, as had been the case with Tassilo of Bavaria  - yet he tolerated their extramarital relationships, even rewarding their common-law husbands, and treasured the bastard grandchildren they produced for him. He also, apparently, refused to believe stories of their wild behaviour. After his death the surviving daughters were banished from the court by their brother, the pious Louis, to take up residence in the convents they had been bequeathed by their father. At least one of them, Bertha, had a recognised relationship, if not a marriage, with Angilbert , a member of Charlemagne's court circle...

Death
In 813, Charlemagne called Louis the Pious , king of Aquitaine , his only surviving legitimate son, to his court. There he crowned him with his own hands as co-emperor and sent him back to Aquitaine. He then spent the autumn hunting before returning to Aachen on 1 November . In January, he fell ill with pleurisy  (Einhard 59). He took to his bed on 21 January  and as Einhard tells it:
 He died January twenty-eighth, the seventh day from the time that he took to his bed, at nine o'clock in the morning, after partaking of the Holy Communion , in the seventy-second year of his age and the forty-seventh of his reign.

 He was buried on the day of his death, in Aachen Cathedral , although the cold weather and the nature of his illness made such a hurried burial unnecessary. A later story, told by Otho of Lomello, Count of the Palace at Aachen in the time of Otto III , would claim that he and Emperor Otto had discovered Charlemagne's tomb: the emperor, they claimed, was seated upon a throne, wearing a crown and holding a sceptre, his flesh almost entirely incorrupt. The story was proved false by Frederick I , who discovered the remains of the emperor in a sarcophagus beneath the floor of the chapel.[7]


Charlemagne's death greatly affected many of his subjects, particularly those of the literary clique who had surrounded him at Aachen...

Marriages and heirs
Charlemagne had seventeen children over the course of his life with eight of his ten known wives or concubinues.

 His first relationship was with Himiltrude . The nature of this relationship is variously described as concubinage , a legal marriage or as a Friedelehe .[12] Charlemagne put her aside when he married Desiderata. The union produced two children:
 Amaudru, a daughter[13]
Pippin the Hunchback  (c. 769-811)
 After her, his first wife was Desiderata , daughter of Desiderius , king of the Lombards , married in 770, annulled in 771

His second wife was Hildegard  (757 or 758-783), married 771, died 783. By her he had nine children:
Charles the Younger  (c.772-4 December  811 ), Duke of Maine, and crowned King of the Franks  on 25 December 800
Carloman, renamed Pippin  (April 773-8 July  810 ), King of Italy 
Adalhaid (774), who was born whilst her parents were on campaign in Italy. She was sent back to Francia, but died before reaching Lyons
Rotrude  (or Hruodrud) (775-6 June  810 )
Louis  (778-20 June  840 ), twin of Lothair, King of Aquitaine  since 781, crowned Holy Roman Emperor  in 813, senior Emperor from 814
Lothair (778 -6 February  779 /780 ), twin of Louis, he died in infancy[14]
Bertha  (779-826)
Gisela  (781-808)
Hildegarde (782-783)

 His third wife was Fastrada , married 784, died 794. By her he had:
Theodrada  (b.784), abbess  of Argenteuil 
Hiltrude (b.787)
 His fourth wife was Luitgard , married 794, died childless

Concubinages and illegitimate children
His first known concubine was Gersuinda . By her he had:
 Adaltrude (b.774)
 His second known concubine was Madelgard . By her he had:
Ruodhaid  (775-810), abbess  of Faremoutiers 
 His third known concubine was Amaltrud of Vienne . By her he had:
 Alpaida (b.794)
 His fourth known concubine was Regina . By her he had:
Drogo  (801-855), Bishop of Metz  from 823 and abbot of Luxeuil Abbey 
Hugh  (802-844), archchancellor  of the Empire
 His fifth known concubine was Ethelind . By her he had:
Richbod  (805-844), Abbott of Saint-Riquier 
Theodoric  (b. 807)




Research Notes: Wife - Luitgard



Source: Wikipedia - Charlemagne








Charles of France, Count of Valois











Husband Charles of France, Count of Valois





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried: 




       Marriage: 








Wife 





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried: 






Children

1  F  Joan





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried: 



         Spouse: William Count of Hainaut, Holland & Zeeland (      -      )









Research Notes: Husband - Charles of France, Count of Valois



Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 1-29 (Edward III)








Charles Count of Brabant and Itta











Husband Charles Count of Brabant





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried: 




       Marriage: 








Wife Itta





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried: 






Children

1  M  Carolman Major Domus





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 615
         Buried: 











Research Notes: Husband - Charles Count of Brabant



Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)


Research Notes: Wife - Itta



Source: familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)








Charles "Karl" von Ingelheim Duke of Ingelheim











Husband Charles "Karl" von Ingelheim Duke of Ingelheim 31





           Born: 772
     Christened: 
           Died: 811
         Buried: 







         Father: Charlemagne King of France, Emperor of Rom (0747-0814) 19 20 21 22
         Mother: Hildegard of Vinzgouw (Abt 0758-0783) 8 23 24 25








       Marriage: 








Wife 





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried: 






Children

1  M  Rowland de Burgh (details suppressed for this person)





           Born: 
     Christened: 
           Died: 
         Buried: 
















Sources






1. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 240A-11.

2. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 240A-10.

3. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 240A-11 (Charibert).

4. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 240A-12, 50-12 (Pepin III the Short).

5. Wikipedia.org, Pepin the Short.

6. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-12.

7. http://www.familysearch.org, Disc #94 Pin #91489 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

8. http://www.familysearch.org, (Kevin Bradford).

9. http://www.familysearch.org, Compact Disc #94 Pin #99007 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

10. Wikipedia.org, Chlothar I.

11. http://www.familysearch.org, Compact Disc #94 Pin #99006 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

12. Wikipedia.org, Chlothar I; List of Frankish kings.

13. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi.  Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593873337.

14. http://www.familysearch.org, Compact Disc #94 Pin #316387 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

15. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi.  Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593873338.

16. http://www.familysearch.org, Compact Disc #94 Pin #107706.

17. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 180-7.

18. http://www.familysearch.org, Compact Disc #94 Pin #107707.

19. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), 50-13, 140-13, 190-13.

20. Wikipedia.org, Charlemagne.

21. Wikipedia.org, Rhenish Hesse.

22. http://www.familysearch.org, Compact Disc #94 Pin #91438 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

23. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 182-5, 140-13 (Charlemagne), 148-13 (Charlemagne), 190-13 (Charlemagne).

24. Wikipedia.org, Hildegard of Vinzgouw.

25. http://www.familysearch.org, Compact Disc #94 Pin #91440 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

26. Wikipedia.org, Gerold of Vinzgouw.

27. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-13 (Charlemagne).

28. http://www.familysearch.org, Compact Disc #94 Pin #91443 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

29. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 182-4.

30. Wikipedia.org, Hildegard of Vinzgouw; Gerold of Vinzgouw; Hnabi.

31. http://www.familysearch.org, Compact Disc #94 Pin #103107 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

32. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-14.

33. Wikipedia.org, Pepin of Italy.

34. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-14 (Pepin).

35. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 140-14, 148-14.

36. Wikipedia.org, Louis the Pious.

37. Wikipedia.org, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou.

38. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi.  Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871724.

39. Wikipedia.org, Ermengarde of Hesbaye.

40. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 140-14 (Louis I).

41. Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f98/a0019865.htm.

42. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 140-14 (Louis I), 148-14 (Louis I).

43. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi.  Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871879.

44. Wikipedia.org, Judith of Bavaria (795-843).







Sources






1
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 240A-11.

2
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 240A-10.

3
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 240A-11 (Charibert).

4
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 240A-12, 50-12 (Pepin III the Short).

5
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Pepin the Short.

6
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-12.

7
<i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Disc #94 Pin #91489 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

8
<i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, (Kevin Bradford).

9
<i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Compact Disc #94 Pin #99007 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

10
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Chlothar I.

11
<i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Compact Disc #94 Pin #99006 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

12
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Chlothar I; List of Frankish kings.

13
<i>http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi</i>.  Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593873337.

14
<i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Compact Disc #94 Pin #316387 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

15
<i>http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi</i>.  Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593873338.

16
<i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Compact Disc #94 Pin #107706.

17
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 180-7.

18
<i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Compact Disc #94 Pin #107707.

19
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), 50-13, 140-13, 190-13.

20
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Charlemagne.

21
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Rhenish Hesse.

22
<i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Compact Disc #94 Pin #91438 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

23
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 182-5, 140-13 (Charlemagne), 148-13 (Charlemagne), 190-13 (Charlemagne).

24
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Hildegard of Vinzgouw.

25
<i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Compact Disc #94 Pin #91440 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

26
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Gerold of Vinzgouw.

27
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-13 (Charlemagne).

28
<i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Compact Disc #94 Pin #91443 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

29
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 182-4.

30
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Hildegard of Vinzgouw; Gerold of Vinzgouw; Hnabi.

31
<i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Compact Disc #94 Pin #103107 (submitted by Samuel Taylor "Sam" Geer).

32
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-14.

33
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Pepin of Italy.

34
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 50-14 (Pepin).

35
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 140-14, 148-14.

36
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Louis the Pious.

37
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou.

38
<i>http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi</i>.  Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871724.

39
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Ermengarde of Hesbaye.

40
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 140-14 (Louis I).

41
Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f98/a0019865.htm.

42
Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 140-14 (Louis I), 148-14 (Louis I).

43
<i>http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi</i>.  Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871879.

44
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Judith of Bavaria (795-843).







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