Henry I Duke of Lorraine, Louvain and Brabant and Marie of France
Husband Henry I Duke of Lorraine, Louvain and Brabant 1 2
Born: Abt 1165 - Leuven, Brabant, (Flemish Brabant), Flanders, (Belgium) Christened: Died: 5 Sep 1235 - Cologne, (North Rhine-Westphalia), Prussia, (Germany) Buried:
Father: Godfrey III Count of Louvain, Duke of Lorraine (1142-1190) 3 4 Mother: Margaret of Limbourg ( -1173) 5
Marriage: 1213
Other Spouse: Mathilde of Flanders ( -Between 1210/1211) 6 - 1179Events
• Duke of Brabant: 1184.
• Duke of Lower Lotharingia: 1190.
Wife Marie of France 7
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Father: Philip II King of France ( - ) 8 Mother:
Children
Research Notes: Husband - Henry I Duke of Lorraine, Louvain and Brabant
From Wikipedia - Henry I, Duke of Brabant :
Henry I of Brabant (French: Henri I de Brabant, Dutch: Hendrik I van Brabant), named "The Courageous", was (probably) born in 1165 in Leuven and died in the German city of Cologne on September 5 , 1235 . He became Duke of Brabant in 1183/1184 and succeeded his father as Duke of Lower Lotharingia in 1190. He was the son of Godfrey III of Leuven , Duke of Lower Lotharingia and landgrave of Brabant , and Margaret of Limburg .
He married Mathilde of Boulogne (Mathilde of Flanders), daughter of Marie of Boulogne and Matthew of Alsace 1179.
He had six children by his first marriage:
Marie (c. 1190 - May 1260), married in Maastricht after May 19 , 1214 Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor , married July 1220 Count William I of Holland
Adelaide (b. c. 1190), married 1206 Arnulf, Count of Loos , married February 3 , 1225 William X of Auvergne (c. 1195-1247), married before April 21 , 1251 Arnold van Wesemaele (d. aft. 1288)
Margaret (1192-1231), married January 1206 Gerhard III, Count of Guelders (d. October 22 , 1229 )
Mathilde (c. 1200 - December 22 , 1267 ), married in Aachen in 1212 Henry II, Count Palatine of the Rhine (d. 1214), married on December 6 , 1214 Floris IV, Count of Holland
Henry II of Brabant (1207-1248)
Godfrey (1209 - January 21 , 1254 ), Lord of Gaesbeek, married Marie van Oudenaarde
His second marriage was at April 22 , 1213 in Soissons to Marie, princess of France , daughter of King Philip II of France . They had two children:
Elizabeth (d. October 23 , 1272 ), married in Leuven March 19 , 1233 Count Dietrich of Cleves , Lord of Dinslaken (c. 1214-1244), married 1246 Gerhard II, Count of Wassenberg (d. 1255)
Marie, died young
Under Henry I, there was a town policy and town planning. Henry's attention went out to those regions that lent themselves to the extension of his sovereignty and in some locations he used the creation of a new town as an instrument in the political organisation of the area. Among the towns to which the Duke gave city rights and trade privileges was 's-Hertogenbosch .
He was buried in St. Peter's chapter church at Leuven where you can still see his late romanesque effigy.
Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England and Matilda of Scotland
Husband Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England 9 10
AKA: Henry I King of England, Henry I Beauclerc King of England Born: Between May 1068 and May 1069 - <Selby, Yorkshire>, England Christened: Died: 1 Dec 1135 - St. Denis-le-Ferment, (Eure), Normandy, France Buried:
Father: William the Conqueror Duke of Normandy, King of England (Abt 1028-1087) 11 12 Mother: Matilda of Flanders (Abt 1032-1083) 13 14
Marriage: 11 Nov 1100 - Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England
Other Spouse: Adeliza of Louvain (Abt 1103-1151) 15 - 1120
Other Spouse: Sybilla Corbet of Alcester (1077-After 1157) 10
Other Spouse: Elizabeth de Beaumont ( - ) 16Events
• King of England: 1100-1135.
Wife Matilda of Scotland
AKA: Edith of Scotland, Maud of Scotland Born: 1079 - Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland Christened: Died: 1 May 1118 - Westminster Palace, London, England Buried:
Father: Malcolm III Canmore King of Scots (Abt 1031-1093) 17 18 Mother: Saint Margaret of Scotland (1045-1093) 19 20
Children
1 F Empress Matilda Countess of Anjou 21 22
AKA: Mathilda of England, Empress Maud Countess of Anjou, Maude of England Born: Abt 7 Feb 1102 Christened: Died: 10 Sep 1167 Buried:Spouse: Henry V Holy Roman Emperor (1086-1125) Marr: 7 Jan 1114 - Worms, (Rhine-Palatinate, Germany)Spouse: Geoffrey V Plantagenet Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy (1113-1151) 23 24 25 Marr: 22 May 1128 - Le Mans, (Sarthe), Maine, (France)
2 M William Adelin Duke of Normandy 26
AKA: William Ætheling Duke of Normandy, William III Duke of Normandy Born: 1103 Christened: Died: 25 Nov 1120 Buried:
Birth Notes: Husband - Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England
Ancestral Roots line 124-25 has b. 1070.
Research Notes: Husband - Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England
Fourth son of William the Conqueror.
From Wikipedia - Henry I of England :
Henry I (c. 1068/1069 - 1 December 1135) was the fourth son of William I the Conqueror . He succeeded his elder brother William II as King of England in 1100 and defeated his eldest brother, Robert Curthose , to become Duke of Normandy in 1106. He was called Beauclerc for his scholarly interests and Lion of Justice for refinements which he brought about in the administrative and legislative machinery of the time.
Henry's reign is noted for its political opportunism. His succession was confirmed while his brother Robert was away on the First Crusade and the beginning of his reign was occupied by wars with Robert for control of England and Normandy. He successfully reunited the two realms again after their separation on his father's death in 1087. Upon his succession he granted the baronage a Charter of Liberties , which formed a basis for subsequent challenges to rights of kings and presaged Magna Carta , which subjected the King to law.
The rest of Henry's reign was filled with judicial and financial reforms. He established the biannual Exchequer to reform the treasury . He used itinerant officials to curb abuses of power at the local and regional level, garnering the praise of the people. The differences between the English and Norman populations began to break down during his reign and he himself married a daughter of the old English royal house. He made peace with the church after the disputes of his brother's reign, but he could not smooth out his succession after the disastrous loss of his eldest son William in the wreck of the White Ship . His will stipulated that he was to be succeeded by his daughter, the Empress Matilda , but his stern rule was followed by a period of civil war known as the Anarchy .
Early life
Henry was born between May 1068 and May 1069, probably in Selby in Yorkshire . His mother, Queen Matilda , was descended from Alfred the Great (but not through the main West Saxon Royal line). Queen Matilda named the infant Prince Henry, after her uncle, Henry I of France . As the youngest son of the family, he was almost certainly expected to become a Bishop and was given rather more extensive schooling than was usual for a young nobleman of that time. The Chronicler William of Malmesbury asserts that Henry once remarked that an illiterate King was a crowned ass. He was certainly the first Norman ruler to be fluent in the English language .
William I's second son Richard was killed in a hunting accident in 1081, so William bequeathed his dominions to his three surviving sons in the following manner:Robert received the Duchy of Normandy and became Duke Robert II William Rufus received the Kingdom of England and became King William IIHenry Beauclerc received 5,000 pounds in silver
The Chronicler Orderic Vitalis reports that the old King had declared to Henry: "You in your own time will have all the dominions I have acquired and be greater than both your brothers in wealth and power."
Henry tried to play his brothers off against each other but eventually, wary of his devious manoeuvring, they acted together and signed an Accession Treaty. This sought to bar Prince Henry from both Thrones by stipulating that if either King William or Duke Robert died without an heir, the two dominions of their father would be reunited under the surviving brother.
Seizing the throne of England
When, on 2 August 1100 , William II was killed by an arrow in yet another hunting accident in the New Forest, Duke Robert had not yet returned from the First Crusade . His absence allowed Prince Henry to seize the Royal Treasury at Winchester, Hampshire , where he buried his dead brother. There are suspicions that, on hearing that Robert was returning alive from his crusade with a new bride, Henry decided to act and arranged the murder of William by the French Vexin Walter Tirel .[1] Thus he succeeded to the throne of England, guaranteeing his succession in defiance of William and Robert's earlier agreement. Henry was accepted as King by the leading Barons and was crowned three days later on 5 August at Westminster Abbey . He secured his position among the nobles by an act of political appeasement: he issued a Charter of Liberties which is considered a forerunner of the Magna Carta .
First marriage
On 11 November 1100 Henry married Edith , daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland. Since Edith was also the niece of Edgar Atheling and the great-granddaughter of Edward the Confessor 's paternal half-brother Edmund Ironside , the marriage united the Norman line with the old English line of Kings. The marriage greatly displeased the Norman Barons, however, and as a concession to their sensibilities Edith changed her name to Matilda upon becoming Queen. The other side of this coin, however, was that Henry, by dint of his marriage, became far more acceptable to the Anglo-Saxon populace.
The chronicler William of Malmesbury described Henry thus: "He was of middle stature, greater than the small, but exceeded by the very tall; his hair was black and set back upon the forehead; his eyes mildly bright; his chest brawny; his body fleshy."
Conquest of Normandy
In the following year, 1101, Robert Curthose , Henry's eldest brother, attempted to seize the crown by invading England. In the Treaty of Alton , Robert agreed to recognise his brother Henry as King of England and return peacefully to Normandy , upon receipt of an annual sum of 2000 silver marks, which Henry proceeded to pay.
In 1105, to eliminate the continuing threat from Robert and the drain on his fiscal resources from the annual payment, Henry led an expeditionary force across the English Channel .
Battle of Tinchebray
On the morning of 28 September 1106, exactly 40 years after William had made his way to England, the decisive battle between his two surviving sons, Robert Curthose and Henry Beauclerc, took place in the small village of Tinchebray. This combat was totally unexpected and unprepared. Henry and his army were marching south from Barfleur on their way to Domfront and Robert was marching with his army from Falaise on their way to Mortain. They met at the crossroads at Tinchebray and the running battle which ensued was spread out over several kilometres. The site where most of the fighting took place is the village playing field today. Towards evening Robert tried to retreat but was captured by Henry's men at a place three kilometres (just under two miles) north of Tinchebray where a farm named "Prise" (taken) stands today on the D22 road. The tombstones of three knights are nearby on the same road.
King of England and Ruler of Normandy
After Henry had defeated his brother's Norman army at Tinchebray he imprisoned Robert, initially in the Tower of London , subsequently at Devizes Castle and later at Cardiff. One day whilst out riding Robert attempted to escape from Cardiff but his horse was bogged down in a swamp and he was recaptured. To prevent further escapes Henry had Robert's eyes burnt out. Henry appropriated the Duchy of Normandy as a possession of the Kingdom of England and reunited his father's dominions. Even after taking control of the Duchy of Normandy he didn't take the title of Duke, he chose to control it as the King of England.
In 1113, Henry attempted to reduce difficulties in Normandy by betrothing his eldest son, William Adelin , to the daughter of Fulk of Jerusalem (also known as Fulk V), Count of Anjou, then a serious enemy. They were married in 1119. Eight years later, after William's untimely death, a much more momentous union was made between Henry's daughter, (the former Empress) Matilda and Fulk's son Geoffrey Plantagenet , which eventually resulted in the union of the two Realms under the Plantagenet Kings.
Activities as a King
Henry's need for finance to consolidate his position led to an increase in the activities of centralized government. As King, Henry carried out social and judicial reforms, including:issuing the Charter of Liberties restoring the laws of Edward the Confessor .
Between 1103 and 1107 Henry was involved in a dispute with Anselm , the Archbishop of Canterbury , and Pope Paschal II in the investiture controversy , which was settled in the Concordat of London in 1107. It was a compromise. In England, a distinction was made in the King's chancery between the secular and ecclesiastical powers of the prelates. Employing the distinction, Henry gave up his right to invest his bishops and abbots, but reserved the custom of requiring them to come and do homage for the "temporalities " (the landed properties tied to the episcopate), directly from his hand, after the bishop had sworn homage and feudal vassalage in the ceremony called commendatio, the commendation ceremony , like any secular vassal.
Henry was also known for some brutal acts. He once threw a treacherous burgher named Conan Pilatus from the tower of Rouen; the tower was known from then on as "Conan's Leap". In another instance that took place in 1119, Henry's son-in-law, Eustace de Pacy, and Ralph Harnec, the constable of Ivry , exchanged their children as hostages. When Eustace blinded Harnec's son, Harnec demanded vengeance. King Henry allowed Harnec to blind and mutilate Eustace's two daughters, who were also Henry's own grandchildren. Eustace and his wife, Juliane, were outraged and threatened to rebel. Henry arranged to meet his daughter at a parley at Breteuil, only for Juliane to draw a crossbow and attempt to assassinate her father. She was captured and confined to the castle, but escaped by leaping from a window into the moat below. Some years later Henry was reconciled with his daughter and son-in-law.
Legitimate children
He had two children by Matilda (Edith), who died on 1 May 1118 at the palace of Westminster. She was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Matilda . (c. February 1102 - 10 September 1167 ). She married firstly Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor , and secondly, Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou , having issue by the second.
William Adelin , (5 August 1103 - 25 November 1120 ). He married Matilda (d.1154), daughter of Fulk V, Count of Anjou .
Second marriage
On 29 January 1121 he married Adeliza , daughter of Godfrey I of Leuven , Duke of Lower Lotharingia and Landgrave of Brabant , but there were no children from this marriage. Left without male heirs, Henry took the unprecedented step of making his barons swear to accept his daughter Empress Matilda , widow of Henry V, the Holy Roman Emperor , as his heir.
Death and legacy
Henry visited Normandy in 1135 to see his young grandsons, the children of Matilda and Geoffrey. He took great delight in his grandchildren, but soon quarrelled with his daughter and son-in-law and these disputes led him to tarry in Normandy far longer than he originally planned.
Henry died on 1 December 1135 of food poisoning from eating "a surfeit of lampreys " (of which he was excessively fond) at Saint-Denis-en-Lyons (now Lyons-la-Forêt ) in Normandy. His remains were sewn into the hide of a bull to preserve them on the journey, and then taken back to England and were buried at Reading Abbey , which he had founded fourteen years before. The Abbey was destroyed during the Protestant Reformation . No trace of his tomb has survived, the probable site being covered by St James' School. Nearby is a small plaque and a large memorial cross stands in the adjoining Forbury Gardens .
Although Henry's barons had sworn allegiance to his daughter as their Queen, her gender and her remarriage into the House of Anjou , an enemy of the Normans, allowed Henry's nephew Stephen of Blois , to come to England and claim the throne with popular support.
The struggle between the former Empress and Stephen resulted in a long civil war known as the Anarchy . The dispute was eventually settled by Stephen's naming of Matilda's son, Henry Plantagenet , as his heir in 1153.
Illegitimate children
King Henry is famed for holding the record for the largest number of acknowledged illegitimate children born to any English king, with the number being around 20 or 25. He had many mistresses, and identifying which mistress is the mother of which child is difficult. His illegitimate offspring for whom there is documentation are:
Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester . Often, said to have been a son of Sybil Corbet.
Maud FitzRoy, married Conan III, Duke of Brittany
Constance FitzRoy, married Richard de Beaumont
Mabel FitzRoy, married William III Gouet
Aline FitzRoy, married Matthieu I of Montmorency
Gilbert FitzRoy, died after 1142. His mother may have been a sister of Walter de Gand.
Emma, born c. 1138; married Gui de Laval, Lord Laval. [Uncertain, born 2 years after Henry died.][2]
With Edith
Matilda, married in 1103 Count Rotrou II of Perche. She perished 25 Nov 1120 in the wreck of the White Ship . She left two daughters; Philippa who married Helie of Anjou (son of Fulk V) and Felice.
With Gieva de Tracy
William de Tracy
With Ansfride
Ansfride was born c. 1070. She was the wife of Anskill of Seacourt, at Wytham in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire ).
Juliane de Fontevrault (born c. 1090); married Eustace de Pacy in 1103. She tried to shoot her father with a crossbow after King Henry allowed her two young daughters to be blinded.
Fulk FitzRoy (born c. 1092); a monk at Abingdon .
Richard of Lincoln (c. 1094 - 25 November 1120 ); perished in the wreck of the White Ship .
With Sybil Corbet
Lady Sybilla Corbet of Alcester was born in 1077 in Alcester in Warwickshire . She married Herbert FitzHerbert, son of Herbert 'the Chamberlain' of Winchester and Emma de Blois. She died after 1157 and was also known as Adela (or Lucia) Corbet. Sybil was definitely mother of Sybil and Rainald, possibly also of William and Rohese. Some sources suggest that there was another daughter by this relationship, Gundred, but it appears that she was thought as such because she was a sister of Reginald de Dunstanville but it appears that that was another person of that name who was not related to this family.
Sybilla de Normandy , married Alexander I of Scotland .
William Constable, born before 1105. Married Alice (Constable); died after 1187.
Reginald de Dunstanville, 1st Earl of Cornwall .
Gundred of England (1114-46), married 1130 Henry de la Pomeroy, son of Joscelin de la Pomerai.
Rohese of England, born 1114; married William de Tracy (b. 1040 in Normandy, France d. 1110 in Barnstaple, Devon, England)son of Turgisus de Tracy. They married in 1075. They had four children 1)Turgisus II de Tracy b. 1066, 2) Henry de Tracy b. 1068, 3) Gieva de Tracy b. 1068 d. 1100, 4)Henry of Barnstaple Tracy b. 1070 d.1170.
With Edith FitzForne
Robert FitzEdith, Lord Okehampton, (1093-1172) married Dame Maud d'Avranches du Sap. They had one daughter, Mary, who married Renaud, Sire of Courtenay (son of Miles, Sire of Courtenay and Ermengarde of Nevers).
Adeliza FitzEdith. Appears in charters with her brother Robert.
With Princess Nest
Nest ferch Rhys was born about 1073 at Dinefwr Castle , Carmarthenshire , the daughter of Prince Rhys ap Tewdwr of Deheubarth and his wife, Gwladys ferch Rhywallon. She married, in 1095, to Gerald de Windsor (aka Geraldus FitzWalter) son of Walter FitzOther, Constable of Windsor Castle and Keeper of the Forests of Berkshire . She had several other liaisons - including one with Stephen of Cardigan, Constable of Cardigan (1136) - and subsequently other illegitimate children. The date of her death is unknown.
Henry FitzRoy , 1103-1158.
With Isabel de Beaumont
Isabel (Elizabeth) de Beaumont (after 1102 - after 1172), daughter of Robert de Beaumont , sister of Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester . She married Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke , in 1130. She was also known as Isabella de Meulan.
Isabel Hedwig of England
Matilda FitzRoy , abbess of Montvilliers, also known as Montpiller
Birth Notes: Wife - Matilda of Scotland
Place name may be Dermfermline.
Research Notes: Wife - Matilda of Scotland
Source: Also familysearch.org (Kevin Bradford)
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-22
From Wikipedia - Matilda of Scotland :
Matilda of Scotland[1] (born Edith; c. 1080 - 1 May 1118) was the first wife and queen consort of Henry I .
Matilda was born around 1080 in Dunfermline , the daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret . She was christened Edith, and Robert Curthose stood as godfather at her christening - the English queen Matilda of Flanders was also present at the font and may have been her godmother.
When she was about six years old, Matilda (or Edith as she was then probably still called) and her sister Mary were sent to Romsey , where their aunt Cristina was abbess. During her stay at Romsey and Wilton , The Scottish princess was much sought-after as a bride; she turned down proposals from both William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey , and Alan Rufus , Lord of Richmond. Hermann of Tournai even claims that William II Rufus considered marrying her. She was out of the monastery by 1093, when Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, wrote to the Bishop of Salisbury ordering that the daughter of the king of Scotland be returned to the monastery that she had left.
After the death of William II Rufus in August 1100, his brother Henry quickly seized the royal treasury and the royal crown. His next task was to marry, and Henry's choice fell on Matilda. Because Matilda had spent most of her life in a nunnery, there was some controversy over whether or not she had been veiled as a nun and would thus be ineligible for marriage. Henry sought permission for the marriage from Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury , who returned to England in September 1100 after a long exile. Professing himself unwilling to decide so weighty a matter on his own, Anselm called a council of bishops in order to determine the legality of the proposed marriage. Matilda testified to the archbishop and the assembled bishops of the realm that she had never taken holy vows. She insisted that her parents had sent her and her sister to England for educational purposes, and that her aunt Cristina had veiled her only to protect her "from the lust of the Normans ." Matilda claimed she had pulled the veil off and stamped on it, and her aunt beat and scolded her most horribly for this. The council concluded that Matilda had never been a nun, nor had her parents intended that she become one, and gave their permission for the marriage.
Matilda and Henry seem to have known one another for some time before their marriage - William of Malmesbury states that Henry had "long been attached" to her, and Orderic Vitalis says that Henry had "long adored" Edith's character. Through her mother she was descended from Edmund Ironside and thus Alfred the Great and the old line of the kings of Wessex; this was very important as Henry wanted to help make himself more popular with the English people and Matilda represented the old English dynasty. In their children the Norman and Anglo-Saxon dynasties would be united. Another benefit of the marriage was that England and Scotland became politically closer; three of her brothers served as kings of Scotland and were unusually friendly to England during this period.
After Matilda and Henry were married on 11 November 1100 at Westminster Abbey by Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury , she was crowned as "Matilda", a fashionable Norman name. She gave birth to a daughter, Matilda, in February 1102, and a son, William, in November 1103. As queen, she maintained her court primarily at Westminster , but accompanied her husband in his travels all across England, and, circa 1106-1107, probably visited Normandy with him. She also served in a vice-regal capacity when Henry was away from court. Her court was filled with musicians and poets; she commissioned a monk, probably Thurgot , to write a biography of her mother, Saint Margaret . She was an active queen, and like her mother was renowned for her devotion to religion and the poor. William of Malmesbury describes her as attending church barefoot at Lent , and washing the feet and kissing the hands of the sick. She also administered extensive dower properties and was known as a patron of the arts, especially music.
After Matilda died on 1 May 1118 at Westminster Palace , she was buried at Westminster Abbey . The death of her only son and Henry's failure to produce a legitimate son from his second marriage led to the succession crisis of The Anarchy .
Birth Notes: Child - Empress Matilda Countess of Anjou
Ancestral Roots Line 1-23 has b. abt. 1102-1104; Line 118-25 has b. 1104.
Some other source has b. Feb 1101
Death Notes: Child - William Adelin Duke of Normandy
Died in the White Ship tragedy.
Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England
Husband Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England 9 10
AKA: Henry I King of England, Henry I Beauclerc King of England Born: Between May 1068 and May 1069 - <Selby, Yorkshire>, England Christened: Died: 1 Dec 1135 - St. Denis-le-Ferment, (Eure), Normandy, France Buried:
Father: William the Conqueror Duke of Normandy, King of England (Abt 1028-1087) 11 12 Mother: Matilda of Flanders (Abt 1032-1083) 13 14
Marriage:
Other Spouse: Matilda of Scotland (1079-1118) - 11 Nov 1100 - Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England
Other Spouse: Adeliza of Louvain (Abt 1103-1151) 15 - 1120
Other Spouse: Sybilla Corbet of Alcester (1077-After 1157) 10
Other Spouse: Elizabeth de Beaumont ( - ) 16Events
• King of England: 1100-1135.
Wife
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Children
1 F Maud Princess of England 27
Born: Abt 1091 - England Christened: Died: Buried:Spouse: Conan III "le Gros" Duke of Bretagne (Abt 1096-1148) 27 Marr: Mar 1113 - England
Birth Notes: Husband - Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England
Ancestral Roots line 124-25 has b. 1070.
Research Notes: Husband - Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England
Fourth son of William the Conqueror.
From Wikipedia - Henry I of England :
Henry I (c. 1068/1069 - 1 December 1135) was the fourth son of William I the Conqueror . He succeeded his elder brother William II as King of England in 1100 and defeated his eldest brother, Robert Curthose , to become Duke of Normandy in 1106. He was called Beauclerc for his scholarly interests and Lion of Justice for refinements which he brought about in the administrative and legislative machinery of the time.
Henry's reign is noted for its political opportunism. His succession was confirmed while his brother Robert was away on the First Crusade and the beginning of his reign was occupied by wars with Robert for control of England and Normandy. He successfully reunited the two realms again after their separation on his father's death in 1087. Upon his succession he granted the baronage a Charter of Liberties , which formed a basis for subsequent challenges to rights of kings and presaged Magna Carta , which subjected the King to law.
The rest of Henry's reign was filled with judicial and financial reforms. He established the biannual Exchequer to reform the treasury . He used itinerant officials to curb abuses of power at the local and regional level, garnering the praise of the people. The differences between the English and Norman populations began to break down during his reign and he himself married a daughter of the old English royal house. He made peace with the church after the disputes of his brother's reign, but he could not smooth out his succession after the disastrous loss of his eldest son William in the wreck of the White Ship . His will stipulated that he was to be succeeded by his daughter, the Empress Matilda , but his stern rule was followed by a period of civil war known as the Anarchy .
Early life
Henry was born between May 1068 and May 1069, probably in Selby in Yorkshire . His mother, Queen Matilda , was descended from Alfred the Great (but not through the main West Saxon Royal line). Queen Matilda named the infant Prince Henry, after her uncle, Henry I of France . As the youngest son of the family, he was almost certainly expected to become a Bishop and was given rather more extensive schooling than was usual for a young nobleman of that time. The Chronicler William of Malmesbury asserts that Henry once remarked that an illiterate King was a crowned ass. He was certainly the first Norman ruler to be fluent in the English language .
William I's second son Richard was killed in a hunting accident in 1081, so William bequeathed his dominions to his three surviving sons in the following manner:Robert received the Duchy of Normandy and became Duke Robert II William Rufus received the Kingdom of England and became King William IIHenry Beauclerc received 5,000 pounds in silver
The Chronicler Orderic Vitalis reports that the old King had declared to Henry: "You in your own time will have all the dominions I have acquired and be greater than both your brothers in wealth and power."
Henry tried to play his brothers off against each other but eventually, wary of his devious manoeuvring, they acted together and signed an Accession Treaty. This sought to bar Prince Henry from both Thrones by stipulating that if either King William or Duke Robert died without an heir, the two dominions of their father would be reunited under the surviving brother.
Seizing the throne of England
When, on 2 August 1100 , William II was killed by an arrow in yet another hunting accident in the New Forest, Duke Robert had not yet returned from the First Crusade . His absence allowed Prince Henry to seize the Royal Treasury at Winchester, Hampshire , where he buried his dead brother. There are suspicions that, on hearing that Robert was returning alive from his crusade with a new bride, Henry decided to act and arranged the murder of William by the French Vexin Walter Tirel .[1] Thus he succeeded to the throne of England, guaranteeing his succession in defiance of William and Robert's earlier agreement. Henry was accepted as King by the leading Barons and was crowned three days later on 5 August at Westminster Abbey . He secured his position among the nobles by an act of political appeasement: he issued a Charter of Liberties which is considered a forerunner of the Magna Carta .
First marriage
On 11 November 1100 Henry married Edith , daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland. Since Edith was also the niece of Edgar Atheling and the great-granddaughter of Edward the Confessor 's paternal half-brother Edmund Ironside , the marriage united the Norman line with the old English line of Kings. The marriage greatly displeased the Norman Barons, however, and as a concession to their sensibilities Edith changed her name to Matilda upon becoming Queen. The other side of this coin, however, was that Henry, by dint of his marriage, became far more acceptable to the Anglo-Saxon populace.
The chronicler William of Malmesbury described Henry thus: "He was of middle stature, greater than the small, but exceeded by the very tall; his hair was black and set back upon the forehead; his eyes mildly bright; his chest brawny; his body fleshy."
Conquest of Normandy
In the following year, 1101, Robert Curthose , Henry's eldest brother, attempted to seize the crown by invading England. In the Treaty of Alton , Robert agreed to recognise his brother Henry as King of England and return peacefully to Normandy , upon receipt of an annual sum of 2000 silver marks, which Henry proceeded to pay.
In 1105, to eliminate the continuing threat from Robert and the drain on his fiscal resources from the annual payment, Henry led an expeditionary force across the English Channel .
Battle of Tinchebray
On the morning of 28 September 1106, exactly 40 years after William had made his way to England, the decisive battle between his two surviving sons, Robert Curthose and Henry Beauclerc, took place in the small village of Tinchebray. This combat was totally unexpected and unprepared. Henry and his army were marching south from Barfleur on their way to Domfront and Robert was marching with his army from Falaise on their way to Mortain. They met at the crossroads at Tinchebray and the running battle which ensued was spread out over several kilometres. The site where most of the fighting took place is the village playing field today. Towards evening Robert tried to retreat but was captured by Henry's men at a place three kilometres (just under two miles) north of Tinchebray where a farm named "Prise" (taken) stands today on the D22 road. The tombstones of three knights are nearby on the same road.
King of England and Ruler of Normandy
After Henry had defeated his brother's Norman army at Tinchebray he imprisoned Robert, initially in the Tower of London , subsequently at Devizes Castle and later at Cardiff. One day whilst out riding Robert attempted to escape from Cardiff but his horse was bogged down in a swamp and he was recaptured. To prevent further escapes Henry had Robert's eyes burnt out. Henry appropriated the Duchy of Normandy as a possession of the Kingdom of England and reunited his father's dominions. Even after taking control of the Duchy of Normandy he didn't take the title of Duke, he chose to control it as the King of England.
In 1113, Henry attempted to reduce difficulties in Normandy by betrothing his eldest son, William Adelin , to the daughter of Fulk of Jerusalem (also known as Fulk V), Count of Anjou, then a serious enemy. They were married in 1119. Eight years later, after William's untimely death, a much more momentous union was made between Henry's daughter, (the former Empress) Matilda and Fulk's son Geoffrey Plantagenet , which eventually resulted in the union of the two Realms under the Plantagenet Kings.
Activities as a King
Henry's need for finance to consolidate his position led to an increase in the activities of centralized government. As King, Henry carried out social and judicial reforms, including:issuing the Charter of Liberties restoring the laws of Edward the Confessor .
Between 1103 and 1107 Henry was involved in a dispute with Anselm , the Archbishop of Canterbury , and Pope Paschal II in the investiture controversy , which was settled in the Concordat of London in 1107. It was a compromise. In England, a distinction was made in the King's chancery between the secular and ecclesiastical powers of the prelates. Employing the distinction, Henry gave up his right to invest his bishops and abbots, but reserved the custom of requiring them to come and do homage for the "temporalities " (the landed properties tied to the episcopate), directly from his hand, after the bishop had sworn homage and feudal vassalage in the ceremony called commendatio, the commendation ceremony , like any secular vassal.
Henry was also known for some brutal acts. He once threw a treacherous burgher named Conan Pilatus from the tower of Rouen; the tower was known from then on as "Conan's Leap". In another instance that took place in 1119, Henry's son-in-law, Eustace de Pacy, and Ralph Harnec, the constable of Ivry , exchanged their children as hostages. When Eustace blinded Harnec's son, Harnec demanded vengeance. King Henry allowed Harnec to blind and mutilate Eustace's two daughters, who were also Henry's own grandchildren. Eustace and his wife, Juliane, were outraged and threatened to rebel. Henry arranged to meet his daughter at a parley at Breteuil, only for Juliane to draw a crossbow and attempt to assassinate her father. She was captured and confined to the castle, but escaped by leaping from a window into the moat below. Some years later Henry was reconciled with his daughter and son-in-law.
Legitimate children
He had two children by Matilda (Edith), who died on 1 May 1118 at the palace of Westminster. She was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Matilda . (c. February 1102 - 10 September 1167 ). She married firstly Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor , and secondly, Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou , having issue by the second.
William Adelin , (5 August 1103 - 25 November 1120 ). He married Matilda (d.1154), daughter of Fulk V, Count of Anjou .
Second marriage
On 29 January 1121 he married Adeliza , daughter of Godfrey I of Leuven , Duke of Lower Lotharingia and Landgrave of Brabant , but there were no children from this marriage. Left without male heirs, Henry took the unprecedented step of making his barons swear to accept his daughter Empress Matilda , widow of Henry V, the Holy Roman Emperor , as his heir.
Death and legacy
Henry visited Normandy in 1135 to see his young grandsons, the children of Matilda and Geoffrey. He took great delight in his grandchildren, but soon quarrelled with his daughter and son-in-law and these disputes led him to tarry in Normandy far longer than he originally planned.
Henry died on 1 December 1135 of food poisoning from eating "a surfeit of lampreys " (of which he was excessively fond) at Saint-Denis-en-Lyons (now Lyons-la-Forêt ) in Normandy. His remains were sewn into the hide of a bull to preserve them on the journey, and then taken back to England and were buried at Reading Abbey , which he had founded fourteen years before. The Abbey was destroyed during the Protestant Reformation . No trace of his tomb has survived, the probable site being covered by St James' School. Nearby is a small plaque and a large memorial cross stands in the adjoining Forbury Gardens .
Although Henry's barons had sworn allegiance to his daughter as their Queen, her gender and her remarriage into the House of Anjou , an enemy of the Normans, allowed Henry's nephew Stephen of Blois , to come to England and claim the throne with popular support.
The struggle between the former Empress and Stephen resulted in a long civil war known as the Anarchy . The dispute was eventually settled by Stephen's naming of Matilda's son, Henry Plantagenet , as his heir in 1153.
Illegitimate children
King Henry is famed for holding the record for the largest number of acknowledged illegitimate children born to any English king, with the number being around 20 or 25. He had many mistresses, and identifying which mistress is the mother of which child is difficult. His illegitimate offspring for whom there is documentation are:
Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester . Often, said to have been a son of Sybil Corbet.
Maud FitzRoy, married Conan III, Duke of Brittany
Constance FitzRoy, married Richard de Beaumont
Mabel FitzRoy, married William III Gouet
Aline FitzRoy, married Matthieu I of Montmorency
Gilbert FitzRoy, died after 1142. His mother may have been a sister of Walter de Gand.
Emma, born c. 1138; married Gui de Laval, Lord Laval. [Uncertain, born 2 years after Henry died.][2]
With Edith
Matilda, married in 1103 Count Rotrou II of Perche. She perished 25 Nov 1120 in the wreck of the White Ship . She left two daughters; Philippa who married Helie of Anjou (son of Fulk V) and Felice.
With Gieva de Tracy
William de Tracy
With Ansfride
Ansfride was born c. 1070. She was the wife of Anskill of Seacourt, at Wytham in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire ).
Juliane de Fontevrault (born c. 1090); married Eustace de Pacy in 1103. She tried to shoot her father with a crossbow after King Henry allowed her two young daughters to be blinded.
Fulk FitzRoy (born c. 1092); a monk at Abingdon .
Richard of Lincoln (c. 1094 - 25 November 1120 ); perished in the wreck of the White Ship .
With Sybil Corbet
Lady Sybilla Corbet of Alcester was born in 1077 in Alcester in Warwickshire . She married Herbert FitzHerbert, son of Herbert 'the Chamberlain' of Winchester and Emma de Blois. She died after 1157 and was also known as Adela (or Lucia) Corbet. Sybil was definitely mother of Sybil and Rainald, possibly also of William and Rohese. Some sources suggest that there was another daughter by this relationship, Gundred, but it appears that she was thought as such because she was a sister of Reginald de Dunstanville but it appears that that was another person of that name who was not related to this family.
Sybilla de Normandy , married Alexander I of Scotland .
William Constable, born before 1105. Married Alice (Constable); died after 1187.
Reginald de Dunstanville, 1st Earl of Cornwall .
Gundred of England (1114-46), married 1130 Henry de la Pomeroy, son of Joscelin de la Pomerai.
Rohese of England, born 1114; married William de Tracy (b. 1040 in Normandy, France d. 1110 in Barnstaple, Devon, England)son of Turgisus de Tracy. They married in 1075. They had four children 1)Turgisus II de Tracy b. 1066, 2) Henry de Tracy b. 1068, 3) Gieva de Tracy b. 1068 d. 1100, 4)Henry of Barnstaple Tracy b. 1070 d.1170.
With Edith FitzForne
Robert FitzEdith, Lord Okehampton, (1093-1172) married Dame Maud d'Avranches du Sap. They had one daughter, Mary, who married Renaud, Sire of Courtenay (son of Miles, Sire of Courtenay and Ermengarde of Nevers).
Adeliza FitzEdith. Appears in charters with her brother Robert.
With Princess Nest
Nest ferch Rhys was born about 1073 at Dinefwr Castle , Carmarthenshire , the daughter of Prince Rhys ap Tewdwr of Deheubarth and his wife, Gwladys ferch Rhywallon. She married, in 1095, to Gerald de Windsor (aka Geraldus FitzWalter) son of Walter FitzOther, Constable of Windsor Castle and Keeper of the Forests of Berkshire . She had several other liaisons - including one with Stephen of Cardigan, Constable of Cardigan (1136) - and subsequently other illegitimate children. The date of her death is unknown.
Henry FitzRoy , 1103-1158.
With Isabel de Beaumont
Isabel (Elizabeth) de Beaumont (after 1102 - after 1172), daughter of Robert de Beaumont , sister of Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester . She married Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke , in 1130. She was also known as Isabella de Meulan.
Isabel Hedwig of England
Matilda FitzRoy , abbess of Montvilliers, also known as Montpiller
Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England and Sybilla Corbet of Alcester
Husband Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England 9 10
AKA: Henry I King of England, Henry I Beauclerc King of England Born: Between May 1068 and May 1069 - <Selby, Yorkshire>, England Christened: Died: 1 Dec 1135 - St. Denis-le-Ferment, (Eure), Normandy, France Buried:
Father: William the Conqueror Duke of Normandy, King of England (Abt 1028-1087) 11 12 Mother: Matilda of Flanders (Abt 1032-1083) 13 14
Marriage: - This couple did not marry
Other Spouse: Matilda of Scotland (1079-1118) - 11 Nov 1100 - Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England
Other Spouse: Adeliza of Louvain (Abt 1103-1151) 15 - 1120
Other Spouse: Elizabeth de Beaumont ( - ) 16Events
• King of England: 1100-1135.
Wife Sybilla Corbet of Alcester 10
Born: 1077 - Alcester, Warwickshire, England Christened: Died: After 1157 Buried:
Children
1 M Robert de Caen 1st Earl of Gloucester 28 29 30
AKA: Robert "the King's son" de Caen Earl of Gloucester, Robert de Caen "the Consul," Earl of Glouchester Born: Abt 1090 - <Caen, Normandy, France> Christened: Died: 31 Oct 1147 - Bristol, Gloucestershire, England Buried: - St. James Priory, Bristol, Gloucestershire, EnglandSpouse: Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester (1090-1157) 29 31 32 Marr: 1107Spouse: Elizabeth ( - )Spouse: Maud ( - )
Birth Notes: Husband - Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England
Ancestral Roots line 124-25 has b. 1070.
Research Notes: Husband - Henry I "Beauclerc" King of England
Fourth son of William the Conqueror.
From Wikipedia - Henry I of England :
Henry I (c. 1068/1069 - 1 December 1135) was the fourth son of William I the Conqueror . He succeeded his elder brother William II as King of England in 1100 and defeated his eldest brother, Robert Curthose , to become Duke of Normandy in 1106. He was called Beauclerc for his scholarly interests and Lion of Justice for refinements which he brought about in the administrative and legislative machinery of the time.
Henry's reign is noted for its political opportunism. His succession was confirmed while his brother Robert was away on the First Crusade and the beginning of his reign was occupied by wars with Robert for control of England and Normandy. He successfully reunited the two realms again after their separation on his father's death in 1087. Upon his succession he granted the baronage a Charter of Liberties , which formed a basis for subsequent challenges to rights of kings and presaged Magna Carta , which subjected the King to law.
The rest of Henry's reign was filled with judicial and financial reforms. He established the biannual Exchequer to reform the treasury . He used itinerant officials to curb abuses of power at the local and regional level, garnering the praise of the people. The differences between the English and Norman populations began to break down during his reign and he himself married a daughter of the old English royal house. He made peace with the church after the disputes of his brother's reign, but he could not smooth out his succession after the disastrous loss of his eldest son William in the wreck of the White Ship . His will stipulated that he was to be succeeded by his daughter, the Empress Matilda , but his stern rule was followed by a period of civil war known as the Anarchy .
Early life
Henry was born between May 1068 and May 1069, probably in Selby in Yorkshire . His mother, Queen Matilda , was descended from Alfred the Great (but not through the main West Saxon Royal line). Queen Matilda named the infant Prince Henry, after her uncle, Henry I of France . As the youngest son of the family, he was almost certainly expected to become a Bishop and was given rather more extensive schooling than was usual for a young nobleman of that time. The Chronicler William of Malmesbury asserts that Henry once remarked that an illiterate King was a crowned ass. He was certainly the first Norman ruler to be fluent in the English language .
William I's second son Richard was killed in a hunting accident in 1081, so William bequeathed his dominions to his three surviving sons in the following manner:Robert received the Duchy of Normandy and became Duke Robert II William Rufus received the Kingdom of England and became King William IIHenry Beauclerc received 5,000 pounds in silver
The Chronicler Orderic Vitalis reports that the old King had declared to Henry: "You in your own time will have all the dominions I have acquired and be greater than both your brothers in wealth and power."
Henry tried to play his brothers off against each other but eventually, wary of his devious manoeuvring, they acted together and signed an Accession Treaty. This sought to bar Prince Henry from both Thrones by stipulating that if either King William or Duke Robert died without an heir, the two dominions of their father would be reunited under the surviving brother.
Seizing the throne of England
When, on 2 August 1100 , William II was killed by an arrow in yet another hunting accident in the New Forest, Duke Robert had not yet returned from the First Crusade . His absence allowed Prince Henry to seize the Royal Treasury at Winchester, Hampshire , where he buried his dead brother. There are suspicions that, on hearing that Robert was returning alive from his crusade with a new bride, Henry decided to act and arranged the murder of William by the French Vexin Walter Tirel .[1] Thus he succeeded to the throne of England, guaranteeing his succession in defiance of William and Robert's earlier agreement. Henry was accepted as King by the leading Barons and was crowned three days later on 5 August at Westminster Abbey . He secured his position among the nobles by an act of political appeasement: he issued a Charter of Liberties which is considered a forerunner of the Magna Carta .
First marriage
On 11 November 1100 Henry married Edith , daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland. Since Edith was also the niece of Edgar Atheling and the great-granddaughter of Edward the Confessor 's paternal half-brother Edmund Ironside , the marriage united the Norman line with the old English line of Kings. The marriage greatly displeased the Norman Barons, however, and as a concession to their sensibilities Edith changed her name to Matilda upon becoming Queen. The other side of this coin, however, was that Henry, by dint of his marriage, became far more acceptable to the Anglo-Saxon populace.
The chronicler William of Malmesbury described Henry thus: "He was of middle stature, greater than the small, but exceeded by the very tall; his hair was black and set back upon the forehead; his eyes mildly bright; his chest brawny; his body fleshy."
Conquest of Normandy
In the following year, 1101, Robert Curthose , Henry's eldest brother, attempted to seize the crown by invading England. In the Treaty of Alton , Robert agreed to recognise his brother Henry as King of England and return peacefully to Normandy , upon receipt of an annual sum of 2000 silver marks, which Henry proceeded to pay.
In 1105, to eliminate the continuing threat from Robert and the drain on his fiscal resources from the annual payment, Henry led an expeditionary force across the English Channel .
Battle of Tinchebray
On the morning of 28 September 1106, exactly 40 years after William had made his way to England, the decisive battle between his two surviving sons, Robert Curthose and Henry Beauclerc, took place in the small village of Tinchebray. This combat was totally unexpected and unprepared. Henry and his army were marching south from Barfleur on their way to Domfront and Robert was marching with his army from Falaise on their way to Mortain. They met at the crossroads at Tinchebray and the running battle which ensued was spread out over several kilometres. The site where most of the fighting took place is the village playing field today. Towards evening Robert tried to retreat but was captured by Henry's men at a place three kilometres (just under two miles) north of Tinchebray where a farm named "Prise" (taken) stands today on the D22 road. The tombstones of three knights are nearby on the same road.
King of England and Ruler of Normandy
After Henry had defeated his brother's Norman army at Tinchebray he imprisoned Robert, initially in the Tower of London , subsequently at Devizes Castle and later at Cardiff. One day whilst out riding Robert attempted to escape from Cardiff but his horse was bogged down in a swamp and he was recaptured. To prevent further escapes Henry had Robert's eyes burnt out. Henry appropriated the Duchy of Normandy as a possession of the Kingdom of England and reunited his father's dominions. Even after taking control of the Duchy of Normandy he didn't take the title of Duke, he chose to control it as the King of England.
In 1113, Henry attempted to reduce difficulties in Normandy by betrothing his eldest son, William Adelin , to the daughter of Fulk of Jerusalem (also known as Fulk V), Count of Anjou, then a serious enemy. They were married in 1119. Eight years later, after William's untimely death, a much more momentous union was made between Henry's daughter, (the former Empress) Matilda and Fulk's son Geoffrey Plantagenet , which eventually resulted in the union of the two Realms under the Plantagenet Kings.
Activities as a King
Henry's need for finance to consolidate his position led to an increase in the activities of centralized government. As King, Henry carried out social and judicial reforms, including:issuing the Charter of Liberties restoring the laws of Edward the Confessor .
Between 1103 and 1107 Henry was involved in a dispute with Anselm , the Archbishop of Canterbury , and Pope Paschal II in the investiture controversy , which was settled in the Concordat of London in 1107. It was a compromise. In England, a distinction was made in the King's chancery between the secular and ecclesiastical powers of the prelates. Employing the distinction, Henry gave up his right to invest his bishops and abbots, but reserved the custom of requiring them to come and do homage for the "temporalities " (the landed properties tied to the episcopate), directly from his hand, after the bishop had sworn homage and feudal vassalage in the ceremony called commendatio, the commendation ceremony , like any secular vassal.
Henry was also known for some brutal acts. He once threw a treacherous burgher named Conan Pilatus from the tower of Rouen; the tower was known from then on as "Conan's Leap". In another instance that took place in 1119, Henry's son-in-law, Eustace de Pacy, and Ralph Harnec, the constable of Ivry , exchanged their children as hostages. When Eustace blinded Harnec's son, Harnec demanded vengeance. King Henry allowed Harnec to blind and mutilate Eustace's two daughters, who were also Henry's own grandchildren. Eustace and his wife, Juliane, were outraged and threatened to rebel. Henry arranged to meet his daughter at a parley at Breteuil, only for Juliane to draw a crossbow and attempt to assassinate her father. She was captured and confined to the castle, but escaped by leaping from a window into the moat below. Some years later Henry was reconciled with his daughter and son-in-law.
Legitimate children
He had two children by Matilda (Edith), who died on 1 May 1118 at the palace of Westminster. She was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Matilda . (c. February 1102 - 10 September 1167 ). She married firstly Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor , and secondly, Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou , having issue by the second.
William Adelin , (5 August 1103 - 25 November 1120 ). He married Matilda (d.1154), daughter of Fulk V, Count of Anjou .
Second marriage
On 29 January 1121 he married Adeliza , daughter of Godfrey I of Leuven , Duke of Lower Lotharingia and Landgrave of Brabant , but there were no children from this marriage. Left without male heirs, Henry took the unprecedented step of making his barons swear to accept his daughter Empress Matilda , widow of Henry V, the Holy Roman Emperor , as his heir.
Death and legacy
Henry visited Normandy in 1135 to see his young grandsons, the children of Matilda and Geoffrey. He took great delight in his grandchildren, but soon quarrelled with his daughter and son-in-law and these disputes led him to tarry in Normandy far longer than he originally planned.
Henry died on 1 December 1135 of food poisoning from eating "a surfeit of lampreys " (of which he was excessively fond) at Saint-Denis-en-Lyons (now Lyons-la-Forêt ) in Normandy. His remains were sewn into the hide of a bull to preserve them on the journey, and then taken back to England and were buried at Reading Abbey , which he had founded fourteen years before. The Abbey was destroyed during the Protestant Reformation . No trace of his tomb has survived, the probable site being covered by St James' School. Nearby is a small plaque and a large memorial cross stands in the adjoining Forbury Gardens .
Although Henry's barons had sworn allegiance to his daughter as their Queen, her gender and her remarriage into the House of Anjou , an enemy of the Normans, allowed Henry's nephew Stephen of Blois , to come to England and claim the throne with popular support.
The struggle between the former Empress and Stephen resulted in a long civil war known as the Anarchy . The dispute was eventually settled by Stephen's naming of Matilda's son, Henry Plantagenet , as his heir in 1153.
Illegitimate children
King Henry is famed for holding the record for the largest number of acknowledged illegitimate children born to any English king, with the number being around 20 or 25. He had many mistresses, and identifying which mistress is the mother of which child is difficult. His illegitimate offspring for whom there is documentation are:
Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester . Often, said to have been a son of Sybil Corbet.
Maud FitzRoy, married Conan III, Duke of Brittany
Constance FitzRoy, married Richard de Beaumont
Mabel FitzRoy, married William III Gouet
Aline FitzRoy, married Matthieu I of Montmorency
Gilbert FitzRoy, died after 1142. His mother may have been a sister of Walter de Gand.
Emma, born c. 1138; married Gui de Laval, Lord Laval. [Uncertain, born 2 years after Henry died.][2]
With Edith
Matilda, married in 1103 Count Rotrou II of Perche. She perished 25 Nov 1120 in the wreck of the White Ship . She left two daughters; Philippa who married Helie of Anjou (son of Fulk V) and Felice.
With Gieva de Tracy
William de Tracy
With Ansfride
Ansfride was born c. 1070. She was the wife of Anskill of Seacourt, at Wytham in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire ).
Juliane de Fontevrault (born c. 1090); married Eustace de Pacy in 1103. She tried to shoot her father with a crossbow after King Henry allowed her two young daughters to be blinded.
Fulk FitzRoy (born c. 1092); a monk at Abingdon .
Richard of Lincoln (c. 1094 - 25 November 1120 ); perished in the wreck of the White Ship .
With Sybil Corbet
Lady Sybilla Corbet of Alcester was born in 1077 in Alcester in Warwickshire . She married Herbert FitzHerbert, son of Herbert 'the Chamberlain' of Winchester and Emma de Blois. She died after 1157 and was also known as Adela (or Lucia) Corbet. Sybil was definitely mother of Sybil and Rainald, possibly also of William and Rohese. Some sources suggest that there was another daughter by this relationship, Gundred, but it appears that she was thought as such because she was a sister of Reginald de Dunstanville but it appears that that was another person of that name who was not related to this family.
Sybilla de Normandy , married Alexander I of Scotland .
William Constable, born before 1105. Married Alice (Constable); died after 1187.
Reginald de Dunstanville, 1st Earl of Cornwall .
Gundred of England (1114-46), married 1130 Henry de la Pomeroy, son of Joscelin de la Pomerai.
Rohese of England, born 1114; married William de Tracy (b. 1040 in Normandy, France d. 1110 in Barnstaple, Devon, England)son of Turgisus de Tracy. They married in 1075. They had four children 1)Turgisus II de Tracy b. 1066, 2) Henry de Tracy b. 1068, 3) Gieva de Tracy b. 1068 d. 1100, 4)Henry of Barnstaple Tracy b. 1070 d.1170.
With Edith FitzForne
Robert FitzEdith, Lord Okehampton, (1093-1172) married Dame Maud d'Avranches du Sap. They had one daughter, Mary, who married Renaud, Sire of Courtenay (son of Miles, Sire of Courtenay and Ermengarde of Nevers).
Adeliza FitzEdith. Appears in charters with her brother Robert.
With Princess Nest
Nest ferch Rhys was born about 1073 at Dinefwr Castle , Carmarthenshire , the daughter of Prince Rhys ap Tewdwr of Deheubarth and his wife, Gwladys ferch Rhywallon. She married, in 1095, to Gerald de Windsor (aka Geraldus FitzWalter) son of Walter FitzOther, Constable of Windsor Castle and Keeper of the Forests of Berkshire . She had several other liaisons - including one with Stephen of Cardigan, Constable of Cardigan (1136) - and subsequently other illegitimate children. The date of her death is unknown.
Henry FitzRoy , 1103-1158.
With Isabel de Beaumont
Isabel (Elizabeth) de Beaumont (after 1102 - after 1172), daughter of Robert de Beaumont , sister of Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester . She married Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke , in 1130. She was also known as Isabella de Meulan.
Isabel Hedwig of England
Matilda FitzRoy , abbess of Montvilliers, also known as Montpiller
Research Notes: Wife - Sybilla Corbet of Alcester
May not have been the mother of Robert de Caen.
From Wikipedia - Henry I of England :
With Sybil Corbet
Lady Sybilla Corbet of Alcester was born in 1077 in Alcester in Warwickshire . She married Herbert FitzHerbert, son of Herbert 'the Chamberlain' of Winchester and Emma de Blois. She died after 1157 and was also known as Adela (or Lucia) Corbet. Sybil was definitely mother of Sybil and Rainald, possibly also of William and Rohese. Some sources suggest that there was another daughter by this relationship, Gundred, but it appears that she was thought as such because she was a sister of Reginald de Dunstanville but it appears that that was another person of that name who was not related to this family.
Sybilla de Normandy , married Alexander I of Scotland .
William Constable, born before 1105. Married Alice (Constable); died after 1187.
Reginald de Dunstanville, 1st Earl of Cornwall .
Gundred of England (1114-46), married 1130 Henry de la Pomeroy, son of Joscelin de la Pomerai.
Rohese of England, born 1114; married William de Tracy (b. 1040 in Normandy, France d. 1110 in Barnstaple, Devon, England)son of Turgisus de Tracy. They married in 1075. They had four children 1)Turgisus II de Tracy b. 1066, 2) Henry de Tracy b. 1068, 3) Gieva de Tracy b. 1068 d. 1100, 4)Henry of Barnstaple Tracy b. 1070 d.1170.
Henry I "the Fowler" Duke of Saxony, King of the Saxons and Mechtilde of Ringelheim
Husband Henry I "the Fowler" Duke of Saxony, King of the Saxons 33 34 35
AKA: Heinrich I "the Fowler" Duke of Saxony Born: 876 - <Saxony, (Thuringia, Germany)> Christened: Died: 2 Jul 936 - Memleben, Saxony (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany) Buried:
Father: Otto "the Illustrious" Duke of Saxony (Abt 0836-0912) 36 37 Mother: Haduich (Abt 0856-0903) 38
Marriage: 909Events
• King of the Saxons: 912-936.
• Emperor of Germany:
Wife Mechtilde of Ringelheim 35 39
AKA: Mathilda Countess of Ringleheim, Matilda Countess of Ringelheim Born: Between 890 and 896 - <Ringelheim, Saxony (Lower Saxony, Germany) Christened: Died: 14 Mar 968 - Memleben, Saxony (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany) Buried:
Father: Dietrich Count of Ringelheim ( - ) 39 Mother:
Children
1 F Hedwig of Saxony 40
Born: - <Saxony, (Germany)> Christened: Died: 10 May aft 965 Buried:Spouse: Hugh Magnus Count of Paris (Abt 0895-0956) 41 Marr: 938 - Mainz or Ingelheim, (Germany)
2 F Gerberga of Saxony 35 42 43
AKA: Gerberge Born: Abt 914 - <Nordhausen, Saxony, (Thuringia, Germany)> Christened: Died: 5 May 984 - Reims, (Marne), Champagne, France Buried: - Reims, (Marne), Champagne, FranceSpouse: Giselbert Duke of Lorraine (Abt 0880-0939) 44 45 46 Marr: 929Spouse: Louis IV d'Outre-Mer, King of the West Franks (0920-0954) 35 47 Marr: 939 or 940
Research Notes: Husband - Henry I "the Fowler" Duke of Saxony, King of the Saxons
King of the Saxons 912-936
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 141-18
Birth Notes: Wife - Mechtilde of Ringelheim
http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f01/a0020133.htm has b. 878
Death Notes: Wife - Mechtilde of Ringelheim
FamilySearch has d. 14 May 968, Memleben, Saxony
Research Notes: Wife - Mechtilde of Ringelheim
2nd wife of Henry I
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 148-18 (Henry I "the Fowler") has b. abt 896, line 142-17 (Henry I) has b. abt 890
Death Notes: Child - Hedwig of Saxony
Ancestral Roots gives various death dates - aft. 958 or 10 May aft. 965
Henry II Count of Limbourg and Matilda of Saffenberg
Husband Henry II Count of Limbourg 5 48
AKA: Henry II of Limburg Born: Abt 1111 Christened: Died: Aug 1167 Buried:Marriage:
Other Spouse: Imaine of Looz ( - ) 5Events
• Duke of Limburg: 1139-1167.
• Count of Arlon: 1147-1167.
Wife Matilda of Saffenberg
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Father: Adolph Count of Saffenberg ( - ) 5 Mother:
Children
1 F Margaret of Limbourg 5
AKA: Margaret of Limburg Born: Christened: Died: 1173 Buried:Spouse: Godfrey III Count of Louvain, Duke of Lorraine (1142-1190) 3 4 Marr: 1158
Research Notes: Husband - Henry II Count of Limbourg
From Wikipedia - Henry II of Limburg :
Henry II (c. 1111 - August 1167) was the duke of Limburg from 1139 and count of Arlon from 1147 to his death. He was the son of Waleran, Duke of Lower Lorraine , and Jutta of Guelders. He succeeded his father in Limburg with the title of duke, but Conrad III refused grant him Lower Lorraine. He continued to style himself as duke nevertheless.
Henry refused at first to accept the loss of Lorraine and attacked the new duke, Godfrey VII . He was defeated. Godfrey died in 1142, but Henry was occupied with a war against the lord of Fauquemont and did not assert any claim to the duchy of Lower Lorraine.
In 1147, he inherited Arlon, his younger brother Waleran having died without children. Conrad confirmed this, for he had promised Henry a fief to compensate for the loss of Lorraine, and the duke and the king were reconciled. Henry did not take part in the Second Crusade that year, however. Henry attended the coronation of Conrad's successor, Frederick Barbarossa .
At that time, Henry was involved in a war with Henry IV of Luxembourg . The town of Andenne was taken and completely plundered and burned. Then Henry turned to Godfrey VIII , but they soon made peace in 1155. Henry's daughter Margaret married Godfrey.
Henry took part in Barbarossa's Italian campaigns, dying during the epidemic of 1167 at Rome .
Henry II Count of Limbourg and Imaine of Looz
Husband Henry II Count of Limbourg 5 48
AKA: Henry II of Limburg Born: Abt 1111 Christened: Died: Aug 1167 Buried:Marriage:
Other Spouse: Matilda of Saffenberg ( - )Events
• Duke of Limburg: 1139-1167.
• Count of Arlon: 1147-1167.
Wife Imaine of Looz 5
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Father: Louis I Count of Looz ( - ) 5 Mother:
Children
Research Notes: Husband - Henry II Count of Limbourg
From Wikipedia - Henry II of Limburg :
Henry II (c. 1111 - August 1167) was the duke of Limburg from 1139 and count of Arlon from 1147 to his death. He was the son of Waleran, Duke of Lower Lorraine , and Jutta of Guelders. He succeeded his father in Limburg with the title of duke, but Conrad III refused grant him Lower Lorraine. He continued to style himself as duke nevertheless.
Henry refused at first to accept the loss of Lorraine and attacked the new duke, Godfrey VII . He was defeated. Godfrey died in 1142, but Henry was occupied with a war against the lord of Fauquemont and did not assert any claim to the duchy of Lower Lorraine.
In 1147, he inherited Arlon, his younger brother Waleran having died without children. Conrad confirmed this, for he had promised Henry a fief to compensate for the loss of Lorraine, and the duke and the king were reconciled. Henry did not take part in the Second Crusade that year, however. Henry attended the coronation of Conrad's successor, Frederick Barbarossa .
At that time, Henry was involved in a war with Henry IV of Luxembourg . The town of Andenne was taken and completely plundered and burned. Then Henry turned to Godfrey VIII , but they soon made peace in 1155. Henry's daughter Margaret married Godfrey.
Henry took part in Barbarossa's Italian campaigns, dying during the epidemic of 1167 at Rome .
Henry II Duke of Brabant and Marie of Hohenstaufen
Husband Henry II Duke of Brabant 49
AKA: Hendrik II van Brabant, Henri II de Brabant Born: 1207 Christened: Died: 1 Feb 1248 - Leuven, Brabant, (Flemish Brabant), Flanders, (Belgium) Buried:
Father: Henry I Duke of Lorraine, Louvain and Brabant (Abt 1165-1235) 1 2 Mother: Mathilde of Flanders ( -Between 1210/1211) 6
Marriage: Bef 22 Aug 1215
Wife Marie of Hohenstaufen 50 51
AKA: Marie of Swabia, Mary of Hohenstaufen Born: 3 Apr 1201 - Arezzo, Tuscany, Italy Christened: Died: 29 Mar 1235 - Leuven, Brabant, (Flemish Brabant), Flanders, (Belgium) Buried:
Father: Philip II of Swabia, King of Germany (1177-1208) 52 53 Mother: Irene Angelina (1181-1208) 54
Children
1 F Matilda of Brabant 55 56
Born: 1224 Christened: Died: 29 Sep 1288 Buried:Spouse: Robert I "the Good" Count of Artois (1216-1250) 57 Marr: 14 Jun 1237
Research Notes: Husband - Henry II Duke of Brabant
Duke of Brabant and Lothier.
From Wikipedia - Henry II, Duke of Brabant :
Henry II of Brabant (French: Henri II de Brabant, Dutch: Hendrik II van Brabant, 1207 - February 1 , 1248 in Leuven ) was Duke of Brabant and Lothier after the death of his father Henry I in 1235. His mother was Mathilde of Flanders
Henry II supported his sister Mathilde's son, William II, Count of Holland , in the latter's bid for election as German King.
Family and children
His first marriage was to Marie of Hohenstaufen (April 3 , 1201 -1235, Leuven), daughter of Philip of Swabia and Irene Angelina . They had six children:
Henry III, Duke of Brabant (d. 1261)
Philip, died young
Matilda of Brabant (1224 - September 29 , 1288 ), married:
in Compiègne June 14 , 1237 to Robert I of Artois ;
before May 31 , 1254 to Guy II of Châtillon , Count of Saint Pol .
Beatrix (1225 - November 11 , 1288 ), married:
at Kreuzburg March 10 , 1241 Heinrich Raspe Landgrave of Thuringia ;
in Leuven November 1247 to William III of Dampierre, Count of Flanders (1224 - June 6 , 1251 ).
Marie of Brabant (c. 1226 - January 18 , 1256 , Donauwörth ), married Louis II, Duke of Upper Bavaria . She was beheaded by her husband on suspicion of infidelity.
Margaret (d. March 14 , 1277 ), Abbess of Herzogenthal .
His second marriage was to Sophie of Thuringia (March 20 , 1224 - May 29 , 1275 ), daughter of Ludwig IV of Thuringia and Elisabeth of Hungary by whom he had two children:
Henry (1244-1308, created Landgrave of Hesse in 1263.
Elizabeth (1243 - October 9 , 1261 ), married in Braunschweig July 13 , 1254 to Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Death Notes: Wife - Marie of Hohenstaufen
Wikipedia has d. 29 March 1235. Ancestral Roots has d. abt 1240.
Research Notes: Wife - Marie of Hohenstaufen
First wife of Henry II.
From Wikipedia - Marie of Hohenstaufen :
Marie of Hohenstaufen, Duchess of Brabant (3 April 1201 - 29 March 1235 ) was a member of the powerful Hohenstaufen dynasty. She is also known as Maria of Swabia. She was the third daughter of Philip of Swabia and Irene Angelina of Byzantium . Her husband was Henry II, Duke of Brabant .
Family
Marie of Hohenstaufen was born in Arezzo ,Tuscany , Italy on 3 April 1201. Her paternal grandparents were Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor and Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy . Her maternal grandparents were Byzantine Emperor Isaac II Angelos and his first wife Herina Tornikaina[1].
Emperor Frederick II was her first cousin.
In 1208, at the age of seven, Marie was left an orphan by the unexpected deaths of her parents. On 21 June , her father was murdered by Otto of Wittelsbach , and two months later her mother died after giving birth to a daughter, who did not live beyond early infancy. Marie had three surviving sisters.
Siblings
Beatrice of Hohenstaufen (1198-1212, married Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor . The marriage was childless.
Cunigunde of Hohenstaufen (1200-1248), married in 1228 King Wenceslaus I of Bohemia , by whom she had issue.
Elizabeth of Hohenstaufen (1203- 5 November 1235), married in 1219 King Ferdinand III of Castile , by whom she had issue, including King Alfonso X of Castile . She was his first wife. Ferdinand married his second wife Jeanne de Dammartin, Countess of Ponthieu before August 1237, by whom he had issue, including Eleanor of Castile , Queen consort of King Edward I of England .
Marriage and children
Sometime before 22 August 1215 , she married Henry II, Duke of Brabant in Brabant (present-day Belgium ). Marie was his first wife. They had six children, and through them, Marie is the ancestress of every royal house in Europe :Matilda of Brabant (1224 - 29 September 1288 ), married firstly, Robert I of Artois , by whom she had two children, Robert II of Artois and Blanche of Artois ; she married secondly Guy III, Count of Saint-Pol , by whom she had six children. Beatrix of Brabant (1225 - 11 November 1288 ), married firstly Henry Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia , and secondly William III of Dampierre . She died childless. Marie of Brabant (c. 1226 - 18 January 1256 ), married Louis II, Duke of Bavaria . She was beheaded by her husband on suspicion of infidelity.Margaret of Brabant (d. 14 March 1277 ), Abbess of Herzogenthal. Henry III, Duke of Brabant (c. 1230 - 28 February 1261 ), married Adelaide of Burgundy (c. 1233- 23 October 1273 , daughter of Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy , by whom he had issue, including Henry IV, Duke of Brabant , John I, Duke of Brabant , and Maria of Brabant , Queen consort of King Philip III of France .Philip of Brabant, died young.
Death
Marie of Hohenstaufen died on 29 March 1235 in Leuven , Brabant, five days before her thirty-fourth birthday.
In 1240, Henry married his second wife, Sophie of Thuringia , the daughter of Ludwig IV of Thuringia and Elisabeth of Hungary . They had two children: Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse and Elizabeth of Brabant, who married Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg .
Birth Notes: Child - Matilda of Brabant
Wikipedia (Marie of Hohenstaufen) has b. 1224. Ancestral Roots has b. 1196.
Henry II "Curtmantel" King of England and Ida de Tosny
Husband Henry II "Curtmantel" King of England
AKA: King Henry II of England Born: 5 Mar 1132 - Le Mans, (Sarthe), Maine, (France) Christened: Died: 6 Jul 1189 Buried: - Fontévrault Abbey, (Fontevraud-l'Abbaye), (Maine-et-Loire), Anjou, France
Father: Geoffrey V Plantagenet Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy (1113-1151) 23 24 25 Mother: Empress Matilda Countess of Anjou (Abt 1102-1167) 21 22
Marriage: - This couple did not marry
Other Spouse: Eleanor of Aquitaine (Abt 1124-1204) - 18 May 1152 - Bordeaux, (Gironde), Aquitaine, France
Wife Ida de Tosny 58 59
AKA: Ida de Toesny Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Other Spouse: Roger Bigod Baron le Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk (Abt 1144-Bef 1221) 58 59 60 61 - Dec 1181
Children
1 M William Longspée 3rd Earl of Salisbury 62 63
AKA: wILLIAM Longespée 3rd Earl of Salisbury Born: Abt 1176 - England Christened: Died: 7 Mar 1226 - Salisbury Castle, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England Buried: - Salisbury Cathedral, Salisbury, Wiltshire, EnglandSpouse: Ela Countess of Salisbury (1187-1261) 63 64 Marr: 1196
Research Notes: Husband - Henry II "Curtmantel" King of England
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 1-24
Research Notes: Wife - Ida de Tosny
From Wikipedia - Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk :
Ida de Tosny was a royal ward and mistress of King Henry II, by whom she was mother of a young son William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury ) (b c. 1176 -March 7 , 1226 ). Ida was not the first English royal ward to be taken as mistress by a King who was her guardian; that honour probably belongs to Isabel de Beaumont (Elizabeth de Beaumont), daughter of Robert de Beaumont, who fought at the Battle of Hastings with the Conqueror. That king's youngest son made Beaumont's daughter his mistress. Ida's ancestry was unknown for many years, but a charter by her eldest (illegitimate) son refers to his mother as the "Countess Ida" which pins her down to the wife of Roger Bigod. For Ida's ancestry, see "Some corrections and additions to the Complete Peerage: Volume 9: Summary" and Marc Morris's The Bigod Earls of Norfolk in the Thirteenth Century
Henry III King of Navarre
Husband Henry III King of Navarre (details suppressed for this person)
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:Marriage:
Wife (details suppressed for this person)
Born: Christened: Died: Buried:
Children
Research Notes: Husband - Henry III King of Navarre
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 101-30 (Philip IV)
Sources
1. Wikipedia.org, Henry I, Duke of Brabant.
2. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-26.
3. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-25.
4. Wikipedia.org, Godfrey III, Count of Leuven.
5. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-25 (Godfrey III).
6. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 165-27, 155-26 (Henry I).
7. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 165-27 (Mathilde of Flanders).
8. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 101-26).
9. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121-25, 121B-26 (Elizabeth).
10. Wikipedia.org, Henry I of England.
11. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121-24, 169-23 (Maud of Flanders).
12. Website - Genealogy, thepeerage.com.
13. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 162-23, 169-23.
14. Wikipedia.org, Matilda of Flanders. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
15. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 149-25.
16. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121B-26 (Elizabeth).
17. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 170-21, 171-21.
18. http://www.familysearch.org, (Kevin Bradford).
19. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-21, 158-23 (Eustace III).
20. Wikipedia.org, Saint Margaret of Scotland. Cit. Date: 5 Oct 2009.
21. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-23, 118-25 (Geoffrey V).
22. Wikipedia.org, Empress Matilda. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
23. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 118-25, 123-25.
24. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871913.
25. Wikipedia.org, Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
26. Wikipedia.org, William III, Duke of Normandy. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
27. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 25 Jul 2009.
28. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 125-26, 124-26.
29. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 1 Aug 2009.
30. Wikipedia.org, Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester.
31. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 124-26 (Robert de Caen), 63-26 (Hawise de Beaumont).
32. Wikipedia.org, Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester. Cit. Date: 4 Sep 2009.
33. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 141-18, 147-18.
34. Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f01/a0020132.htm.
35. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 31 Jul 2009.
36. Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f01/a0020152.htm.
37. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 148-17.
38. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 148-17 (Otto).
39. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 141-18 (Henry I), 142-17 (Henry I), 148-18 (Henry I).
40. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 141-19, 53-19 (Hugh Magnus).
41. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 53-19, 101-19, 141-19 (Hedwig of Saxony).
42. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 142-18, 148-18, 151-18.
43. Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f90/a0019006.htm.
44. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 140-18, 151-18, 240-18, 142-18 (Gerberga).
45. Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f90/a0019005.htm.
46. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 6 Aug 2009.
47. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 148-18.
48. Wikipedia.org, Henry II of Limburg.
49. Wikipedia.org, Henry II, Duke of Brabant. Cit. Date: 11 Sep 2009.
50. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-28.
51. Wikipedia.org, Marie of Hohenstaufen.
52. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-27.
53. Wikipedia.org, Philip of Swabia.
54. Wikipedia.org, Irene Angelina.
55. Wikipedia.org, Henry II, Duke of Brabant; Marie of Hohenstaufen.
56. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-29, 113-29 (Robert).
57. Wikipedia.org, Robert I of Artois.
58. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 69-28 (Maud Marshal).
59. Wikipedia.org, Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk.
60. Browning, Charles Henry, The Magna Charta Barons and their American Descendants (Philadelphia, 1898.), pp. 78-79.
61. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 30 Jul 2009.
62. Wikipedia.org, William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury. Cit. Date: 2 Aug 2009.
63. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 2 Aug 2009.
64. Wikipedia.org, Ela, Countess of Salisbury. Cit. Date: 2 Aug 2009.
1 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Henry I, Duke of Brabant.
2 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-26.
3 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-25.
4 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Godfrey III, Count of Leuven.
5 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 155-25 (Godfrey III).
6 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 165-27, 155-26 (Henry I).
7 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 165-27 (Mathilde of Flanders).
8 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 101-26).
9 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121-25, 121B-26 (Elizabeth).
10 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Henry I of England.
11 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121-24, 169-23 (Maud of Flanders).
12 Website - Genealogy, thepeerage.com.
13 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 162-23, 169-23.
14 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Matilda of Flanders. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
15 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 149-25.
16 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 121B-26 (Elizabeth).
17 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 170-21, 171-21.
18 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, (Kevin Bradford).
19 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-21, 158-23 (Eustace III).
20 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Saint Margaret of Scotland. Cit. Date: 5 Oct 2009.
21 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-23, 118-25 (Geoffrey V).
22 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Empress Matilda. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
23 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 118-25, 123-25.
24 <i>http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi</i>. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3174654&id=I593871913.
25 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
26 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, William III, Duke of Normandy. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
27 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Cit. Date: 25 Jul 2009.
28 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 125-26, 124-26.
29 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Cit. Date: 1 Aug 2009.
30 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester.
31 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 124-26 (Robert de Caen), 63-26 (Hawise de Beaumont).
32 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester. Cit. Date: 4 Sep 2009.
33 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 141-18, 147-18.
34 Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f01/a0020132.htm.
35 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Cit. Date: 31 Jul 2009.
36 Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f002/f01/a0020152.htm.
37 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 148-17.
38 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 148-17 (Otto).
39 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 141-18 (Henry I), 142-17 (Henry I), 148-18 (Henry I).
40 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 141-19, 53-19 (Hugh Magnus).
41 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 53-19, 101-19, 141-19 (Hedwig of Saxony).
42 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 142-18, 148-18, 151-18.
43 Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f90/a0019006.htm.
44 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 140-18, 151-18, 240-18, 142-18 (Gerberga).
45 Website - Genealogy, http://www.smokykin.com/ged/f001/f90/a0019005.htm.
46 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Cit. Date: 6 Aug 2009.
47 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 148-18.
48 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Henry II of Limburg.
49 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Henry II, Duke of Brabant. Cit. Date: 11 Sep 2009.
50 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-28.
51 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Marie of Hohenstaufen.
52 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-27.
53 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Philip of Swabia.
54 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Irene Angelina.
55 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Henry II, Duke of Brabant; Marie of Hohenstaufen.
56 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-29, 113-29 (Robert).
57 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Robert I of Artois.
58 Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, <i>Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700</i> (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 69-28 (Maud Marshal).
59 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk.
60 Browning, Charles Henry, <i>The Magna Charta Barons and their American Descendants</i> (Philadelphia, 1898.), pp. 78-79.
61 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Cit. Date: 30 Jul 2009.
62 <i>Wikipedia.org</i>, William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury. Cit. Date: 2 Aug 2009.
63 <i>http://www.familysearch.org</i>, Cit. Date: 2 Aug 2009.
64
<i>Wikipedia.org</i>, Ela, Countess of Salisbury. Cit. Date: 2 Aug 2009.
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