Husband Owen Humphrey of Llwyn du 1 2
AKA: Humphrey Owen of Llwyn du
Born: 1625 - <Llwyn du>, Llangelynin, Talybont, Merionethshire, Wales
Christened: 13 Apr 1629 - Llangelynin Parish, Talybont, Merionethshire, Wales
Died: 1699 - Llangelynin Parish, Talybont, Merionethshire, Wales
Buried:
Father: Humphrey ap Hugh of Llwyn du (Between 1600/1603-1664)
Mother: Elizabeth verch John Powell of Gadfa, Rhiwargor (1593/1607- )
Marriage:
Other Spouse: Margaret Vaughan (1630-1699) 3 4 - 1681 - London, England
Other Spouse: Elizabeth Thomas (Abt 1631- ) 4
Events
• Converted: to the Quaker faith, Bef 1662, [Llwyngwril], Merionethshire, Wales. 5
• Justice: 1678.
Wife Jane 6
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 F Rebecca Humphrey (details suppressed for this person)
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Research Notes: Husband - Owen Humphrey of Llwyn du
2nd son and heir of Humphrey ap Hugh.
From Welsh Settlement of Pensylvania, p. 151:
"[John Humphrey and Samuel Humphrey] were brothers to Owen Humphrey, of Llwyn du, 1625-1695, a J. P. in Merioneth, and a prominent Friend, who was the father of Rebecca, wife of Robert Owen, of Merion [Pennsylvania], and Elizabeth, wife of John Roberts..."
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From Reifsnyder-Gillam Ancestry, p. 48:
"Issue [of Humphrey ap Hugh]:...
3. Owen, bapt. in Llangelynin Church, 13 April, 1629; of whom presently [see footnote 3, p. 48]..."
Footnote 3, p. 48:
"Owen Humphrey, second son and heir of Humphrey ap Hugh, inherited Llwyn du. He married Margaret, daughter of ______________, and had, among other issue, some of whom removed to Pennsylvania, a daughter, Rebecca, who married, 1678, Robert Owen, of Fron Gôch, near Bala, in the Comôt of Pennlyn, Merionethshire. Robert and Rebecca Owen removed to Pennsylvania in 1690 and settled in Merion Township, where they died 1697, leaving besides daughters, male issue as follows; Evan Owen, Provincial Councillor, Judge of Court of Common Pleas, etc.; Owen Owen, High Sheriff of Philadelphia County and Coroner; John Owen High Sheriff of the County of Chester, Member of Assembly and Trustee of the Loan Office; and Robert Owen, who married Susanna, daughter of William Hudson, Mayor of Philadelphia. The second Robert Owen's daughter, Hannah, married, first, John Ogden, by whom she had a son, William Ogden, who left issue, and, secondly, Joseph Wharton, of Walnut Grove, by whom she had, besides other children, Robert Wharton, Mayor of Philadelphia, Captain of First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry."
Husband Thomas Knollys 7
Born: 1360 - London, Middlesex, England
Christened:
Died: 1435 - London, Middlesex, England
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife Jane 7
Born: 1365 - London, Middlesex, England
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 M Thomas Knollys Mayor of London 7
Born: 1390 - North, Hertfordshire, England
Christened:
Died: 1445 - London, Middlesex, England
Buried:
Spouse: Isabell (1380-1461) 7
Husband John McWilliams
Born: 1760 - Scotland
Christened:
Died: - <Canada>
Buried:
Marriage: - Scotland
Wife Jean 8 9
Born: 1762 - Scotland
Christened:
Died: - Canada
Buried:
Children
1 M David McWilliams 10
Born: 1780 - Osnabruck Centre, Osnabruck Twp, Lunenburg (Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry), Quebec (Ontario), Canada
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
2 F Elizabeth McWilliams 11 12
Born: 1784 - Montréal, Québec, Canada
Christened:
Died: 1861 - Osnabruck Centre, Osnabruck Twp (South Stormont), Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry, Canada West (Ontario), Canada
Buried:
Spouse: Johannes Papst (1777-1869) 4 13 14 15
Marr: 10 Jun 1800 - Osnabruck Twp, Stormont, Eastern District (Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry), Upper Canada (Ontario), Canada
3 M John McWilliams [Jr.] 9
Born: - Osnabruck Twp, (Stormont), Lunenburg (Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry), Quebec (Ontario), Canada
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
4 M Robert McWilliams
Born: - Cornwall Twp, Stormont (Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry), Quebec (Ontario), Canada
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
5 M James McWilliams 8 16
Born: 1790 - Osnabruck Centre, Osnabruck Twp, Lunenburg (Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry), Quebec (Ontario), Canada
Christened: 1 Aug 1790
Died:
Buried:
6 F Nancy McWilliams 17
Born: 1799 - Osnabruck Centre, Osnabruck Twp, Stormont, Eastern District (Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry), Upper Canada (Ontario), Canada
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Research Notes: Husband - John McWilliams
Source: http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=dmuir1&id=I2606
Research Notes: Wife - Jean
From George Cloakey email 21 Dec 2009:
We have some evidence that John McWilliams' wife's given name was Jean. From the Wesleyan Baptism Records we have:
McWilliam, Jean, witness at baptism of Maria, daughter of John & Catharina Philipps, 30 Jun. 1793
McWilliams, John & wife Jeane, baptised James, Aug. 1 1790, witness Johannes Rettig & wife Margarethe. Posted by Gord Adams
Christening Notes: Child - James McWilliams
Witnesses: Johannes Rettig and wife Margarethe
Husband Jean I Count of Ponthieu 18
AKA: John I of Ponthieu
Born: Abt 1140
Christened:
Died: 1191
Buried:
Father: Guy II of Ponthieu (Abt 1120-1147) 19
Mother:
Marriage:
Events
• Count of Ponthieu: 1147-1191.
Wife
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Children
1 M William IV of Ponthieu 20
AKA: William IV de Bellême, William IV Count of Ponthieu, William III Talvas
Born: 1179
Christened:
Died: 4 Oct 1221
Buried:
Research Notes: Husband - Jean I Count of Ponthieu
From Wikipedia - John I, Count of Ponthieu :
John I of Ponthieu (c. 1140-1191) was the son of Guy II of Ponthieu and succeeded him as Count of Ponthieu in 1147. He married Beatrice of Saint-Pol , and was succeeded by his son William IV Talvas .
Husband Philip IV King of France 21
AKA: Philip "the Fair" King of France
Born: 1268 - Fontainebleau
Christened:
Died: 29 Nov 1314
Buried:
Marriage: 16 Aug 1284 - Paris, (Île-de-France), France
Events
• Crowned: King of France, 1285.
Wife Jeanne of Navarre 22
AKA: Jeanne de Navarre
Born: Jan 1272
Christened:
Died: 2 Apr 1305
Buried:
Father: Henry III Count of Champagne and Brie, King of Navarre ( -1274) 23
Mother: Blanche of Artois (Between 1245/1250-1302) 24
Children
1 F Isabella of France 25 26
Born: Abt 1295 - Paris, (Île-de-France), France
Christened:
Died: 22 Aug 1358
Buried:
Spouse: King Edward II of England (1284-1327) 27 28
Marr: 25 Jan 1308 - Boulogne-sur-Mer [Boulogne], (Pas-de-Calais), France
2 M Charles IV of France
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Research Notes: Husband - Philip IV King of France
Source: Wikipedia - Edward II of England
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 101-30
Research Notes: Wife - Jeanne of Navarre
Source: Wikipedia - Isabella of France.
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 45-31.
Husband Jean de Brienne of Acre 29 30
Born: Abt 1217 - <Acre, Palestine>
Christened:
Died: 1296
Buried:
Father: Jean de Brienne King of Jerusalem (Abt 1195-1237) 30 31
Mother: Berenguela Princess of Leon and Castile (Abt 1199-1237) 30
Marriage: 1251
Events
• Grand Butler of France: 1258.
Wife Jeanne de Châteaudun 32 33
Born: Abt 1223
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Father: Geoffrey VI Vicomte of Châteaudun ( -1249) 32
Mother: Clemence ( - ) 32
Children
1 F Blanche de Brienne Lady of Loupeland 30 34
Born: Abt 1245 - <Courtrain, Mynn>, France
Christened:
Died: 1302
Buried:
Spouse: William de Fiennes (Abt 1245-1302) 30
Marr: 1269 - Wigmore, Herefordshire, England
Research Notes: Wife - Jeanne de Châteaudun
Second wife of Jean de Brienne.
Death Notes: Child - Blanche de Brienne Lady of Loupeland
Ancestral Roots has d. after 1269. FamilySearch has d. 1302.
Husband Sir Gilbert de Clare 9th Earl of Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford 35 36 37
AKA: Gilbert "the Red" de Clare 9th Earl of Clare
Born: 2 Sep 1243 - Christchurch, Hampshire (Dorset), England
Christened:
Died: 7 Dec 1295 - Monmouth Castle, Monmouthshire, Wales
Buried: 22 Dec 1295 - Tewkesbury Abbey, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England
Father: Sir Richard de Clare 8th Earl of Clare (1222-1262) 38 39 40
Mother: Maud de Lacy Countess of Lincoln (1223-Bef 1289) 41 42 43
Marriage: Abt 30 Apr 1290 - Westminster Abbey, London, Midlesex, England
Other Spouse: Alice de Lusignan ( -1256) 44 - 2 Feb 1253 (Divorced)
Events
• 3rd Earl of Gloucester:
• 7th Earl of Hertford:
• Knighted: 14 May 1264.
Wife Joan of Acre 45 46
AKA: Joanna of Acre
Born: 1272 - Acre, Palestine (Israel)
Christened:
Died: 23 Apr 1307
Buried:
Father: King Edward I of England (1239-1307) 47 48
Mother: Eleanor of Castile, Countess of Ponthieu (1241-1290) 49 50
Children
1 F Eleanor de Clare 37 51 52
AKA: Alianore de Clare, Eleanore de Clare
Born: 3 Oct 1292 - Caerphilly, Glamorgan, Wales
Christened:
Died: 30 Jun 1337
Buried: - Tewkesbury, Wiltshire, England
Spouse: Sir Hugh le Despenser Baron Despenser (1286-1326) 53 54 55
Marr: After 14 Jun 1306
Spouse: William La Zouche ( -1337) 56
Marr: 1327
Research Notes: Husband - Sir Gilbert de Clare 9th Earl of Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford
First husband of Joan of Acre.
From Wikipedia - Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford :
Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford and 3rd Earl of Gloucester (2 September 1243 , at Christchurch , Hampshire - 7 December 1295 ) was a powerful English noble. Also known as "Red" Gilbert de Clare, probably because of his hair colour.
Lineage
Gilbert de Clare was the son of Richard de Clare, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford, and Maud de Lacy , Countess of Lincoln , daughter of John de Lacy and Margaret de Quincy . Gilbert inherited his father's estates in 1262. He took on the titles, including Lord of Glamorgan , from 1263.
Being under age at his father's death, he was made a ward of Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford .
Massacre of the Jews at Canterbury
In April 1264, Gilbert de Clare led the massacre of the Jews at Canterbury [1], as Simon de Montfort had done in Leicester .
Gilbert de Clare's castles of Kingston and Tonbridge were taken by the King, Henry III . However, the King allowed de Clare's Countess Alice de Lusignan , who was in the latter, to go free because she was his niece; but on 12 May de Clare and de Montfort were denounced as traitors.
The Battle of Lewes
Two days later, just before the Battle of Lewes , on 14 May , Simon de Montfort knighted the Earl and his brother Thomas. The Earl commanded the second line of the battle and took the King prisoner, having hamstrung his horse. As Prince Edward had also been captured, Montfort and the Earl were now supreme and de Montfort in effect de facto King of England.
Excommunication
On 20 October 1264 , de Gilbert and his associates were excommunicated by Guy Foulques , and his lands placed under an interdict .
In the following month, by which time they had obtained possession of Gloucester and Bristol , the Earl was proclaimed to be a rebel. However at this point he changed sides as he fell out with de Montfort and the Earl, in order to prevent de Montfort's escape, destroyed ships at the port of Bristol and the bridge over the River Severn at Gloucester .
Having changed sides, de Clare shared the Prince's victory at Kenilworth on 16 July , and in the Battle of Evesham , 4 August , in which de Montfort was slain, he commanded the second division and contributed largely to the victory.
On 24 June 1268 he took the Cross at Northampton in repentance and contrition for his past misdeeds.
Activities as a Marcher Lord
In October 1265, as a reward for supporting Prince Edward, Gilbert was given the castle and title of Abergavenny and honour and castle of Brecknock .
At Michaelmas his disputes with Llewelyn the Last were submitted to arbitration, but without a final settlement. Meanwhile he was building Caerphilly Castle into a fortress. At the end of the year 1268 he refused to obey the King's summons to attend parliament, alleging that, owing to the constant inroads of Llewelyn the Last , his Welsh estates needed his presence for their defence.
At the death of Henry III , 16 November 1272 , the Earl took the lead in swearing fealty to Edward I , who was then in Sicily on his return from the Crusade . The next day, with the Archbishop of York , he entered London and proclaimed peace to all, Christians and Jews , and for the first time, secured the acknowledgment of the right of the King's eldest son to succeed to the throne immediately.
Thereafter he was joint Guardian of England, during the King's absence, and on the new King's arrival in England, in August 1274, entertained him at Tonbridge Castle .
The Welsh war in 1282
During Llywelyn the Last 's Welsh rebellion in 1282, de Clare insisted on leading an attack into southern Wales. King Edward thus made de Clare the commander of the southern army invading Wales. However de Clare's army faced disaster after being heavily defeated at the Battle of Llandeilo Fawr . Following this defeat, de Clare was relieved of his position as the southern commander and was replaced by William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke (who's son had died during the battle).
Marriage and succession
Gilbert's first marriage was to Alice de Lusignan , also known as Alice de Valence, the daughter of Hugh XI of Lusignan and of the family that had now succeeded the Marshal family to the title of the Earl of Pembroke in the person of William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke. They were married in 1253, when Gilbert was ten-years-old. She was of high birth, being a niece of King Henry , but the marriage floundered.
Gilbert and Alice separated in 1267; allegedly, Alice's affections lay with her cousin, Prince Edward . Previous to this, Gilbert and Alice had produced two daughters:
Isabel de Clare (10 March 1262 -1333), married (1) Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick ; (2) Maurice de Berkeley, 2nd Baron Berkeley
Joan de Clare (1264-after 1302), married (1) Duncan Macduff, 7th Earl of Fife ; (2) Gervase Avenel
After his marriage to Alice de Lusignan was finally annulled in 1285, Gilbert was to be married to Joan of Acre , a daughter of King Edward I of England and his first wife Eleanor of Castile . King Edward sought to bind de Clare, and his assets, more closely to the Crown by this means. By the provisions of the marriage contract, their joint possessions and de Clare's extensive lands could only be inherited by a direct descendant, i.e. close to the Crown, and if the marriage proved childless the lands would pass to any children Joan may have by further marriage.
On 3 July 1290 the Earl gave a great banquet at Clerkenwell to celebrate his marriage of 30 April 1290 with Joan of Acre (1272 - 23 April 1307 ). The delay was in getting the Pope to facilitate and agree the arrangement.
Thereafter Gilbert and Joan are said to have taken the Cross and set out for the Holy Land , but in September he signed the Barons' letter to the Pope, and on 2 November surrendered to the King his claim to the advowson of the Bishopric of Llandaff .
Gilbert and Joan had one son - his successor Gilbert, Earl of Gloucester (1291-1314) who was killed at Bannockburn, and 3 daughters: Eleanor (1292-1337) who married firstly Hugh Despencer (The Younger, favourite of her uncle Edward II)-he was executed in 1326, and she married secondly William de la Zouche; Margaret (1293-1342) who married firstly Piers Gaveston (executed in 1312) and then Hugh Audeley; and the youngest Elizabeth de Clare (16 Sep 1295 -04 Nov 1360), who married John de Burgh , 30th Sept 1308, Waltham Abbey, Essex, England, then Theobald of Verdun in 1316, and finally Roger Damory in 1317. Each marriage was brief, produced one child (a son by the 1st, daughters by the 2nd and 3rd), and left her a widow.
Private Marcher War
In the next year, 1291, he quarrelled with the Earl of Hereford , Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford , grandson of his onetime guardian, about the Lordship of Brecknock , where de Bohun accused de Clare of building a castle on his land culminated in a private war between them. Although it was a given right for Marcher Lords to wage private war the King tested this right in this case, first calling them before a court of their Marcher peers, then realising the outcome would be coloured by their likely avoidance of prejudicing one of their greatest rights they were both called before the superior court, the Kings own. At this both were imprisoned by the King, both sentenced to having their lands forfeit for life and de Clare, the Earl of Gloucester , as the aggressor, was fined 10,000 marks, and the Earl of Hereford 1,000 marks.
They were released almost immediately and both of their lands completely restored to them - however they had both been taught a very public lesson and their prestige diminished and the King's authority shown for all.
Death & Burial
He died at Monmouth Castle on 7 December 1295 , and was buried at Tewkesbury Abbey , on the left side of his grandfather Gilbert de Clare .
His extensive lands were enjoyed by his surviving wife Joan of Acre until her death in 1307. Gilbert and Joan had a descendant named Ursula Hildyard of Yorkshire, who in 1596 married (Sir) Richard Jackson of Killingwoldgraves, near Beverley in the East Riding. Jackson died in 1610 and was interred at Bishop Burton. In 1613, James posthumously awarded a coat of arms and a knighthood to Richard for meretorious military service in the Lowlands of Scotland.
Research Notes: Wife - Joan of Acre
Second wife of Sir Gilbert de Clare.
From Wikipedia - Joan of Acre :
Joan of Acre (April 1272 - April 23 , 1307 ) was the daughter of King Edward I of England and Queen Eleanor . She is most notable for her marriage to Ralph de Monthermer and the claim that miracles have allegedly taken place at her grave. She is also notable for the multiple references of her in literature.
Birth and Childhood
Joan, or Joanna, of Acre as she is sometimes referred to, was born in the spring of 1272 in Syria, while her parents, King Edward I and Queen Eleanor of Castille, were on the crusade .[2] She was the only English princess to be born outside of her native land, in the city of Acre, where her name derives from.[3] Her parents departed from Acre shortly after her birth, traveling to Sicily and Spain[4] before leaving Joan with her grandmother in Ponthieu, France.[5] Joan lived for several years in France where she spent her time being educated by a bishop and "being thoroughly spoiled by an indulgent grandmother."[6] Joan was free to play among the "vine clad hills and sunny vales"[7] surrounding her grandmother's home, although she required "judicious surveillance."[8]
As Joan was growing up with her grandmother, her father was back in England, already arranging marriages for his daughter. He wanted to gain both political power and more wealth with his daughter, so he conducted the arrangement in a very "business like style".[9] He finally found a man suitable to marry Joan (aged 5 at the time), Hartman, son of King Rudoph I, of Germany. Edward then brought her home from France for the first time to meet him.[10] As she had spent her entire life away from Edward and Eleanor, when she returned she "stood in no awe of her parents"[11] and had a fairly distanced relationship with them.
Unfortunately for King Edward, his daughter's suitor died before he was able to meet or marry Joan. The news reported that Hartman had fallen through a patch of shallow ice while "amusing himself in skating" while a letter sent to the King himself stated that Hartman had set out on a boat to visit his father amidst a terrible fog and the boat had smashed into a rock, drowning him.[12]
First Marriage
Edward arranged a second marriage almost immediately after the death of Hartman.[13] Gilbert de Clare, earl of Gloucester, who was almost thirty years older than Joan and newly divorced was his first choice.[14] The earl resigned his lands to Edward upon agreeing to get them back when he married Joan, as well as agreed on a dower of two thousand silver marks.[15] By the time all of these negotiations were finished, Joan was twelve years old.[16] Gilbert de Clare became very enamored with Joan, and even though she had to marry him regardless of how she felt, he still tried to woo her.[17] He bought her expensive gifts and clothing to try to win favor with her.[18] The couple were married on April 30th, 1290 at Westminster Abbey, and had four children together.[19]
They were:
Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Hertford
Eleanor de Clare
Margaret de Clare
Elizabeth de Clare
Joan's first husband, Gilbert de Clare died on December 7th, 1295.[20]
Secret Second Marriage
Joan had been a widow for only a little over a year when she caught the eye of Ralph de Monthermer , a squire in Joan's father's household.[21] Joan fell in love and convinced her father to have Monthermer knighted. It was unheard of in European royalty for one in power to even converse with a man who had not won or acquired importance in the household. However, in January during the year of 1297, the couple was secretly married.[22] Ralph de Monthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer, and Joan of Acre blind-sided her father with this secret while he was already planning another marriage for his daughter to Amadeus V, Count of Savoy.[23] The arrangements for this marriage were quickly made through written letters. The date was to be March 16th, 1297. Joan of Acre was in dangerous predicament, as she was already a wedded wife, unbeknownst to her father. She sent her son and little daughters over to Edward I, their grandfather, in hopes that their sweetness would serve in her favor. However, her plan did not work.[24] He soon found out the intentions his daughter had, but did not realize she had already committed them.[25]
Upon finding out, he took all of Joan's lands into his own hands and continued on with his planning of the arranged marriage between Joan and Amadeus of Savoy.[26]
Soon after the seizure of her lands, Joan told her father of the official marriage between her and Monthermer. He was enraged and retaliated by immediately throwing Monthermer in prison at Bristol Castle .[27] The people of the land had differing opinions on the princess' matter, however, and has been argued that ones who were most upset were those who wanted Joan's hand in marriage.[28]
With regard to the matter, Joan famously said, "It is not considered ignominious, nor disgraceful for a great earl to take a poor and mean woman to wife; neither, on the other hand, is it worthy of blame, or too difficult a thing to promote to honor a gallant youth."[29] It is said that not only this claim, but the possibility of the appearance of a pregnant stomach seemed to soften Edward's attitude towards the situation.[30]
At last, her father relented for the sake of his daughter and released Monthermer from prison in August 1297.[31] Monthermer paid homage August 2nd and getting the title of Earl of Gloucester and Earl of Hertford , rose to favor with the King during Joan's lifetime. [32]. Monthermer and Joan had four children:
Mary de Monthermer, born October 1297. In 1306 her grandfather King Edward I arranged for her to wed Duncan Macduff, 8th Earl of Fife .
Joan de Monthermer, born 1299, became a nun at Amesbury .
Thomas de Monthermer , 2nd Baron Monthermer, born 1301.
Edward de Monthermer, born 1304 and died 1339.
Relationship With Family
Acre was the seventh child of Edward I and Eleanor's fourteen children. Most of her older siblings died before the age of seven, and many of her younger siblings died before adulthood.[33] Of the survivors, included were Joan, four of her sisters, and her younger brother, Edward (later Edward II , King of England). [34]
Acre, like her siblings, was raised outside her family's household. She lived with her grandmother while her parents were on the crusade.[35] Edward I did not have a close relationship with most of his children while they were growing up, yet "he seemed fonder of his daughters than his sons."[36] In fact, most of the children who made it to adulthood were Edward's daughters.[37]
However, Acre's independent nature caused numerous conflicts between her and her father. Her father disapproved of her leaving court after her marriage to the Earl of Gloucester, and in turn "seized seven robes that had been made for her."[38] He also strongly disapproved of her second marriage to Ralph de Monthermer, a squire in her household, even to the point of attempting to force her to marry someone else.[39][40] While Edward ultimately developed a cordial relationship with Monthermer, even giving him the title of Earl [41], there appears to have been a notable difference in the Edward's treatment of Joan as compared to the treatment of the rest of her siblings. For instance, her father famously paid messengers substantially when they brought news of the birth of grandchildren, but did not do this upon birth of Acre's daughter.[42]
In terms of her siblings, Acre kept a fairly tight bond. She and Monthermer both maintained a close relationship with her brother, Edward II, which was maintained through letters. After Edward II became estranged from his parents and lost his royal seal, "Joan offered to lend him her seal" instead.[43]
Death
Joan of Acre died on April 23, 1307.[44] The cause of her death remains unclear, though one popular theory is that she died during childbirth, a common cause of death at the time. However, historians have not confirmed this to be her cause of death.[45]
Less than four months after her death, Joan's father, Edward I died. Ralph de Monthermer was stripped of his title of Earl soon after the deaths of his wife and father in law, and the title was given to Joan's son from her first marriage, Gilbert.[46]
Joan's burial place has been the cause of some interest and debate. Allegedly, in 1357, Joan's daughter, Elizabeth De Burgh, claimed to have "inspected her mother's body and found the corpse to be intact,"[47]an indication of sanctity. Some sources claim that miracles have taken place at her tomb, from a cure of the toothache to the fever, which was often fatal at the time. [48]
Husband Llywelyn the Great Prince of Gwynedd
AKA: Llewellyn the Great Prince of Gwynedd, Llywelyn Fawr Prince of Gwynedd, Llywelyn I of Wales, Llywelyn ap Iorwerth
Born: Abt 1173 - <Dolwyddelan, Conwy>, Wales
Christened:
Died: 11 Apr 1240 - Cistercian Abbey of Aberconwy, Wales
Buried: - Llanrwst Parish Church, Wales
Father: Iorwerth Drwyndwn ap Owain Gwynedd Prince of North Wales ( -Abt 1174)
Mother: Marared ferch Madog ap Maredudd ( - )
Marriage: 1205
Other Spouse: Tangwystl verch Llywarch (Abt 1168- ) 57 58 59
Other Spouse: Crysten ( - )
Other Spouse: Gwenllian verch Ednyfed Vychan ( - )
Wife Joan Princess of Gwynedd 60 61 62
AKA: Joan Princess of North Wales, Joanna Lady of Wales, Siwan, Joan Plantagenet Princess of Gwynedd
Born: Bef 1200
Christened:
Died: Between 30 Mar 1236 and Feb 1237
Buried:
Father: King John "Lackland" of England (1167-1216) 63 64
Mother: Clemence ( - )
Children
1 F Gwladys "Ddu" verch Llewellyn 57 59
AKA: Gladys Dhu, Gwladus Ddu
Born: Abt 1206 - Caernarvonshire, Wales
Christened:
Died: 1251 - Windsor, Berkshire, England
Buried:
Spouse: Reynold de Braose (Abt 1178-1228) 65 66
Marr: Bef 1221 - Wales
Spouse: Ralph de Mortimer Lord Mortimer of Wigmore (Abt 1190-1246) 59 67
Marr: 1230
2 F Elen ferch Llywelyn Fawr 68 69
AKA: Helene, Elen verch Llywelyn, Helen verch Llywelyn
Born: Abt 1207
Christened:
Died: 1253
Buried:
Spouse: Robert II de Quincy ( -1257) 70 71
Marr: After 1237
3 M Dafydd ap Llywelyn
Born: Abt 1208
Christened:
Died: 1246
Buried:
Research Notes: Husband - Llywelyn the Great Prince of Gwynedd
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 176B-27. "He had a number of mistresses, one of whom, Tangwystl, was the mother of [28. Gladys Dhu.]" Natural daughter of John, king of England. John had another, legitimate, daughter named Joan, who was Queen Consort of Alexander II of Scotland. Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, Baltimore, 2008, Line 29A-27 has m. 1206. Wikipedia has m. 1205. Count of Hainaut and of Holland and Zeeland Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 1-29 (Edward III)
Died from the Black Death
1. Browning, Charles H, Welsh Settlement of Pensylvania. (Philadelphia: William J. Campbell, 1912.), p. 151, 286.
2. Glenn, Thomas Allen, ed, Reifsnyder-Gillam Ancestry. (Philadelphia: (Privately Printed), 1902.), p. 48.
3. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=billotte&id=P3368786258.
4. http://www.familysearch.org.
5. Richard Davies, An Account of the Convincement, Exercises, Services, and Travels, of that Ancient Servant of the Lord, Richard Davies with Some Relation of Ancient Friends, and of the Spreading of Truth in North Wales, fifth ed; London: 1794 (Google Books (http://books.google.co.uk) : downloaded 5 Jul 2014), 59. Cit. Date: 5 Jul 2014.
6. Browning, Charles H, Welsh Settlement of Pensylvania. (Philadelphia: William J. Campbell, 1912.), pp. 286-287.
7. Ancestry.com, http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/29106850/family?cfpid=12982912974. Cit. Date: 20 Jun 2013.
8. Web - Message Boards, Discussion Groups, Email, Email from George Cloakey 21 Dec 2009.
9. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=dmuir1&id=I2607.
10. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=dmuir1&id=I2608.
11. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=dmuir1&id=I2486.
12. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:2591631&id=I530974645 (Rosemary Benson). Cit. Date: 30 Nov 2001.
13. Website - Genealogy, http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=ladypi&id=I11575&ti=5519.
14. <Poaps, Richard A. "Sam">, Papst and Smiley Family History (http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~poaps/FamilyTree.htm), http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~poaps/Origin.htm. Cit. Date: Abt 2004.
15. Correspondence, Email from George Cloakey 21 Dec 2009. Cit. Date: 21 Dec 2009.
16. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=dmuir1&id=I2610.
17. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi. Rec. Date: 25 Aug 2001, http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=dmuir1&id=I2609. Cit. Date: 16 Jan 2011.
18. Wikipedia.org, John I, Count of Ponthieu. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
19. Wikipedia.org, Guy II of Ponthieu. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
20. Wikipedia.org, William IV, Count of Ponthieu. Cit. Date: 15 Sep 2009.
21. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 101-30, 45-31 (Jeanne of Navarre).
22. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-31.
23. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-30 (Blanche of Artois).
24. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 45-30.
25. Wikipedia.org, Isabella of France.
26. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 101-31, 1-28 (Edward II).
27. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-28.
28. Wikipedia.org, Edward II of England.
29. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 120-30.
30. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 6 Aug 2009.
31. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 144-28, 120-29 (Berengaria of Leon).
32. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 120-30 (Jean de Brienne).
33. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 8 Aug 2009.
34. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 120-31.
35. Wikipedia.org, Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford. Cit. Date: 2 Sep 2009.
36. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 63-30.
37. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 18 Jul 2009.
38. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lin3 63-29, 54-30 (Maud de Lacy).
39. Browning, Charles Henry, The Magna Charta Barons and their American Descendants (Philadelphia, 1898.), pp. 83-84.
40. Wikipedia.org, Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford.
41. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 54-30.
42. Wikipedia.org, Maud de Lacy.
43. Browning, Charles Henry, The Magna Charta Barons and their American Descendants (Philadelphia, 1898.), p. 103.
44. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 153-29, 153A-29, 83-28 (John de Warenne).
45. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 8-29.
46. Wikipedia.org, Joan of Acre.
47. Wikipedia.org, Edward I of England.
48. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-27.
49. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 110-30.
50. Wikipedia.org, Eleanor of Castile.
51. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 8-30.
52. Wikipedia.org, Eleanor de Clare.
53. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 74-32, 8-30 (Eleanor de Clare).
54. Wikipedia.org, Hugh Despenser the Younger.
55. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 15 Jul 2009.
56. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 8-30 (Eleanor de Clare).
57. Wikipedia.org, Llywelyn the Great. Cit. Date: 9 Aug 2009.
58. Powys-Land Club, Collections Historical & Archæological Relating to Montgomeryshire, and Its Borders. (Vol. 13. London: Thomas Richards, 1880.), p. 121.
59. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 9 Aug 2009.
60. Davies, John, A History of Wales. (Rev. ed. New York: Penguin Group, 2007.), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_England.
61. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 29A-27.
62. Wikipedia.org, John of England; Llywelyn the Great.
63. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Lines 1-25, 29A-26.
64. Wikipedia.org, Line 1-25.
65. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 25 Jul 2009.
66. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 176B-28 (Gladys Dhu).
67. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 132C-29, 176B-28 (Gladys Dhu).
68. Wikipedia.org, Elen ferch Llywelyn.
69. Wikipedia.org, Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester.
70. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 54-28.
71. Browning, Charles Henry, The Magna Charta Barons and their American Descendants (Philadelphia, 1898.), p. 102.
72. http://www.familysearch.org, Cit. Date: 31 Jul 2009.
73. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 103-34, 1-29 (Edward III).
74. Website:, http://wiki.whitneygen.org/wrg/index.php/.
75. Weis, Frederick Lewis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr; William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall, eds, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 (8th ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2008.), Line 1-29.
76. Wikipedia.org, Edward III of England.
Source: A History of Wales by John Davies, London, 2007, p.80
From Wikipedia - Llywelyn the Great :
Llywelyn the Great (Welsh Llywelyn Fawr...), full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, (c. 1173 - April 11 , 1240 ) was a Prince of Gwynedd in North Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales. He is occasionally called Llywelyn I of Wales.[1] By a combination of war and diplomacy he dominated Wales for forty years, and was one of only two Welsh rulers to be called 'the Great'. Llywelyn's main home and court throughout his reign was at Garth Celyn on the north coast of Gwynedd, between Bangor and Conwy, overlooking the port of Llanfaes. Throughout the thirteenth century, up to the Edwardian conquest, Garth Celyn, Aber Garth Celyn , was in effect the capital of Wales. (Garth Celyn is now known as Pen y Bryn , Bryn Llywelyn, Abergwyngregyn and parts of the medieval buildings still remain).
During Llywelyn's boyhood Gwynedd was ruled by two of his uncles, who had agreed to split the kingdom between them following the death of Llywelyn's grandfather, Owain Gwynedd , in 1170. Llywelyn had a strong claim to be the legitimate ruler and began a campaign to win power at an early age. He was sole ruler of Gwynedd by 1200, and made a treaty with King John of England the same year. Llywelyn's relations with John remained good for the next ten years. He married John's illegitimate daughter Joan , also known as Joanna, in 1205, and when John arrested Gwenwynwyn ab Owain of Powys in 1208 Llywelyn took the opportunity to annex southern Powys. In 1210 relations deteriorated and John invaded Gwynedd in 1211. Llywelyn was forced to seek terms and to give up all his lands east of the River Conwy, but was able to recover these lands the following year in alliance with the other Welsh princes. He allied himself with the barons who forced John to sign Magna Carta in 1215. By 1216 he was the dominant power in Wales, holding a council at Aberdyfi that year to apportion lands to the other princes.
Following King John's death, Llywelyn concluded the Treaty of Worcester with his successor Henry III in 1218. During the next fifteen years Llywelyn was frequently involved in fighting with Marcher lords and sometimes with the king, but also made alliances with several of the major powers in the Marches. The Peace of Middle in 1234 marked the end of Llywelyn's military career as the agreed truce of two years was extended year by year for the remainder of his reign. He maintained his position in Wales until his death in 1240, and was succeeded by his son Dafydd ap Llywelyn .
Genealogy and early life
Llywelyn was born about 1173, the son of Iorwerth ap Owain and the grandson of Owain Gwynedd , who had been ruler of Gwynedd until his death in 1170. Llywelyn was a descendant of the senior line of Rhodri Mawr and therefore a member of the princely house of Aberffraw.[2] He was probably born at Dolwyddelan though he could not have been born in the present Dolwyddelan castle, which was built by Llywelyn himself. He may have been born in the old castle which occupied a rocky knoll on the valley floor.[3] Little is known about his father, Iorwerth Drwyndwn, who may have died when Llywelyn was an infant. There is no record of Iorwerth having taken part in the power struggle between some of Owain Gwynedd's other sons following Owain's death, although he was the eldest surviving son. There is a tradition that he was disabled or disfigured in some way that excluded him from power.[4]
By 1175 Gwynedd had been divided between two of Llywelyn's uncles. Dafydd ab Owain held the area east of the River Conwy and Rhodri ab Owain held the west. Dafydd and Rhodri were the sons of Owain by his second marriage to Cristin ferch Goronwy. This marriage was not considered valid by the church as Cristin was Owain's first cousin, a degree of relationship which according to Canon law prohibited marriage. Giraldus Cambrensis refers to Iorwerth Drwyndwn as the only legitimate son of Owain Gwynedd.[5] Following Iorwerth's death, Llywelyn was, at least in the eyes of the church, the legitimate claimant to the throne of Gwynedd.[6]
Llywelyn's mother was Marared, sometimes anglicized to Margaret, daughter of Madog ap Maredudd , prince of Powys . There is evidence that after Iorwerth's death Marared married into the Corbet family of Caux in Shropshire , and Llywelyn may have spent part of his boyhood there.[7]...
Marital problems 1230
Following his capture, William de Braose, 10th Baron Abergavenny decided to ally himself to Llywelyn, and a marriage was arranged between his daughter Isabella and Llywelyn's heir, Dafydd ap Llywelyn. At Easter 1230 William visited Llywelyn's court Garth Celyn , Aber Garth Celyn now known as Pen y Bryn , Abergwyngregyn . During this visit he was found in Llywelyn's chamber together with Llywelyn's wife Joan. On 2 May , De Braose was hanged in the marshland under Garth Celyn , the place now remembered as Gwern y Grog, Hanging Marsh, a deliberately humiliating execution for a nobleman, and Joan was placed under house arrest for a year. The Brut y Tywysogion chronicler commented:
" ... that year William de Breos the Younger, lord of Brycheiniog, was hanged by the lord Llywelyn in Gwynedd, after he had been caught in Llywelyn's chamber with the king of England's daughter, Llywelyn's wife.[42] " A letter from Llywelyn to William's wife, Eva de Braose, written shortly after the execution enquires whether she still wishes the marriage between Dafydd and Isabella to take place.[43] The marriage did go ahead, and the following year Joan was forgiven and restored to her position as princess.
Until 1230 Llywelyn had used the title princeps Norwalliæ 'Prince of North Wales', but from that year he changed his title to 'Prince of Aberffraw and Lord of Snowdon', possibly to underline his supremacy over the other Welsh princes.[44] He did not formally style himself 'Prince of Wales ' although as J.E. Lloyd comments "he had much of the power which such a title might imply".[45]...
Arrangements for the succession
In his later years Llywelyn devoted much effort to ensuring that his only legitimate son Dafydd would follow him as ruler of Gwynedd. Dafydd's older but illegitimate brother, Gruffydd , was excluded from the succession. This was a departure from Welsh custom, not as is often stated because the kingdom was not divided between Dafydd and Gruffydd but because Gruffydd was excluded from consideration as a potential heir owing to his illegitimacy. This was contrary to Welsh law which stipulated that illegitimate sons had equal rights with legitimate sons, provided they had been acknowledged by the father.[50]
In 1220 Llywelyn induced the minority government of King Henry to acknowledge Dafydd as his heir.[51] In 1222 he petitioned Pope Honorius III to have Dafydd's succession confirmed. The original petition has not been preserved but the Pope's reply refers to the "destestable custom ... in his land whereby the son of the handmaiden was equally heir with the son of the free woman and illegitimate sons obtained an inheritance as if they were legitimate". The Pope welcomed the fact that Llywelyn was abolishing this custom.[52] In 1226 Llywelyn persuaded the Pope to declare his wife Joan, Dafydd's mother, to be a legitimate daughter of King John, again in order to strengthen Dafydd's position, and in 1229 the English crown accepted Dafydd's homage for the lands he would inherit from his father.[53] In 1238 Llywelyn held a council at Strata Florida Abbey where the other Welsh princes swore fealty to Dafydd.[54] Llywelyn's original intention had been that they should do homage to Dafydd, but the king wrote to the other rulers forbidding them to do homage.[55]
Gruffydd was given an appanage in Meirionnydd and Ardudwy but his rule was said to be oppressive, and in 1221 Llywelyn stripped him of these territories.[56] In 1228 Llywelyn imprisoned him, and he was not released until 1234. On his release he was given part of Ll to rule. His performance this time was apparently more satisfactory and by 1238 he had been given the remainder of Ll and a substantial part of Powys.[57]
Death and the transfer of power
Joan died in 1237 and Llywelyn appears to have suffered a paralytic stroke the same year.[58] From this time on, his heir Dafydd took an increasing part in the rule of the principality. Dafydd deprived his brother Gruffydd of the lands given him by Llywelyn, and later seized him and his eldest son Owain and held them in Criccieth Castle . In 1240 the chronicler of Brut y Tywysogion records:
" ... the lord Llywelyn ap Iorwerth son of Owain Gwynedd, Prince of Wales, a second Achilles , died having taken on the habit of religion at Aberconwy, and was buried honourably.[59] "
Llywelyn died at the Cistercian abbey of Aberconwy , which he had founded, and was buried there. This abbey was later moved to Maenan near Llanrwst , and Llywelyn's stone coffin can now be seen in Llanrwst parish church. Among the poets who lamented his passing was Einion Wan:
"True lord of the land - how strange that today
He rules not o'er Gwynedd;
Lord of nought but the piled up stones of his tomb,
Of the seven-foot grave in which he lies."[60]
Dafydd succeeded Llywelyn as prince of Gwynedd, but King Henry was not prepared to allow him to inherit his father's position in the remainder of Wales. Dafydd was forced to agree to a treaty greatly restricting his power and was also obliged to hand his brother Gruffydd over to the king, who now had the option of using him against Dafydd. Gruffydd was killed attempting to escape from the Tower of London in 1244. This left the field clear for Dafydd, but Dafydd himself died without an heir in 1246 and was eventually succeeded by his nephew, Gruffydd's son, Llywelyn the Last ...
Children
The identity of the mother of some of Llywelyn's children is uncertain. He was survived by nine children, two legitimate, one probably legitimate and six illegitimate. Elen ferch Llywelyn (c.1207-1253), his only certainly legitimate daughter, first married John de Scotia, Earl of Chester. This marriage was childless, and after John's death Elen married Sir Robert de Quincy , the brother of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester . Llywelyn's only legitimate son, Dafydd ap Llywelyn (c.1208-1246), married Isabella de Braose, daughter of William de Braose, 10th Baron Abergavenny , Lord of Abergavenny. William was the son of Reginald de Braose , who married another of Llywelyn's daughters. Dafydd and Isabella may have had one child together, Helen of Wales (1246-1295), but the marriage failed to produce a male heir.
Another daughter, Gwladus Ddu (c.1206-1251), was probably legitimate. Adam of Usk states that she was a legitimate daughter by Joan, although some sources claim that her mother was Llywelyn's mistress, Tangwystl Goch.[64] She first married Reginald de Braose of Brecon and Abergavenny, but had no children by him. After Reginald's death she married Ralph de Mortimer of Wigmore and had several sons.
The mother of most of Llywelyn's illegitimate children is known or assumed to have been Llywelyn's mistress, Tangwystl Goch (c.1168-1198). Gruffydd ap Llywelyn (c.1196-1244) was Llywelyn's eldest son and is known to be the son of Tangwystl. He married Senena, daughter of Caradoc ap Thomas of Anglesey . Their four sons included Llywelyn ap Gruffydd , who for a period occupied a position in Wales comparable to that of his grandfather, and Dafydd ap Gruffydd who ruled Gwynedd briefly after his brother's death. Llywelyn had another son, Tegwared ap Llywelyn, by a woman known only as Crysten.
Marared ferch Llywelyn (c.1198-after 1263) married John de Braose of Gower, a nephew of Reginald de Braose, and after his death married Walter Clifford of Bronllys and Clifford. Other illegitimate daughters were Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn, who married William de Lacey, and Angharad ferch Llywelyn, who married Maelgwn Fychan. Susanna ferch Llywelyn was sent to England as a hostage in 1228, but no further details are known...
References
[edit ] Primary sources
[edit ] Secondary sources
Research Notes: Wife - Joan Princess of Gwynedd
-----
From Ancestral Roots, Line 29A-27:
"JOAN, (nat. dau. by unknown mistress [of John "Lackland"]), Princess of North Wales, b. well bef. 1200, d. 30 Mar. 1236 or Feb. 1237..."
-----------
Source - Wikipedia - John of England and Llywelyn the Great.
From Wikipedia - Llywelyn the Great:
"During Llywelyn's boyhood Gwynedd was ruled by two of his uncles, who had agreed to split the kingdom between them following the death of Llywelyn's grandfather, Owain Gwynedd , in 1170. Llywelyn had a strong claim to be the legitimate ruler and began a campaign to win power at an early age. He was sole ruler of Gwynedd by 1200, and made a treaty with King John of England the same year. Llywelyn's relations with John remained good for the next ten years. He married John's illegitimate daughter Joan , also known as Joanna, in 1205, and when John arrested Gwenwynwyn ab Owain of Powys in 1208 Llywelyn took the opportunity to annex southern Powys. In 1210 relations deteriorated and John invaded Gwynedd in 1211. Llywelyn was forced to seek terms and to give up all his lands east of the River Conwy, but was able to recover these lands the following year in alliance with the other Welsh princes. He allied himself with the barons who forced John to sign Magna Carta in 1215. By 1216 he was the dominant power in Wales, holding a council at Aberdyfi that year to apportion lands to the other princes...
Children
The identity of the mother of some of Llywelyn's children is uncertain. He was survived by nine children, two legitimate, one probably legitimate and six illegitimate. Elen ferch Llywelyn (c.1207-1253), his only certainly legitimate daughter, first married John de Scotia, Earl of Chester. This marriage was childless, and after John's death Elen married Sir Robert de Quincy , the brother of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester . Llywelyn's only legitimate son, Dafydd ap Llywelyn (c.1208-1246), married Isabella de Braose, daughter of William de Braose, 10th Baron Abergavenny , Lord of Abergavenny. William was the son of Reginald de Braose , who married another of Llywelyn's daughters. Dafydd and Isabella may have had one child together, Helen of Wales (1246-1295), but the marriage failed to produce a male heir.
Another daughter, Gwladus Ddu (c.1206-1251), was probably legitimate. Adam of Usk states that she was a legitimate daughter by Joan, although some sources claim that her mother was Llywelyn's mistress, Tangwystl Goch.[64] She first married Reginald de Braose of Brecon and Abergavenny, but had no children by him. After Reginald's death she married Ralph de Mortimer of Wigmore and had several sons.
The mother of most of Llywelyn's illegitimate children is known or assumed to have been Llywelyn's mistress, Tangwystl Goch (c.1168-1198). Gruffydd ap Llywelyn (c.1196-1244) was Llywelyn's eldest son and is known to be the son of Tangwystl. He married Senena, daughter of Caradoc ap Thomas of Anglesey . Their four sons included Llywelyn ap Gruffydd , who for a period occupied a position in Wales comparable to that of his grandfather, and Dafydd ap Gruffydd who ruled Gwynedd briefly after his brother's death. Llywelyn had another son, Tegwared ap Llywelyn, by a woman known only as Crysten.
Marared ferch Llywelyn (c.1198-after 1263) married John de Braose of Gower, a nephew of Reginald de Braose, and after his death married Walter Clifford of Bronllys and Clifford. Other illegitimate daughters were Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn, who married William de Lacey, and Angharad ferch Llywelyn, who married Maelgwn Fychan. Susanna ferch Llywelyn was sent to England as a hostage in 1228, but no further details are known."
Notes: Marriage
Husband Geoffrey FitzRobert de Neville 72
AKA: Geoffrey FitzRobert de Neville
Born: Abt 1197 - Raby, Durham, England
Christened:
Died: Bef 29 Sep 1242
Buried:
Father: Robert FitzMaldred (Abt 1170-Abt 1245) 4
Mother: Isabel de Neville (Abt 1176-Bef 1254) 72
Marriage: Abt 1222 - Raby with Keverstone, Staindrop, Durham, England
Wife Joan 72
AKA: Margaret
Born: Abt 1201 - <Raby With Keverstone, Staindrop>, Durham, England
Christened:
Died: After Nov 1247
Buried:
Children
1 M Robert Neville 72
Born: Abt 1223 - <Raby With Keverstone, Staindrop>, Durham, England
Christened:
Died: 20 Aug 1282
Buried: - Church Of The Friars, Minor, Yorkshire, England
Husband William Count of Hainaut, Holland & Zeeland
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Marriage:
Wife Joan
Born:
Christened:
Died:
Buried:
Father: Charles of France, Count of Valois ( - )
Mother:
Children
1 F Philippa of Hainault 73 74
AKA: Philippa of Hainaut
Born: 24 Jun 1311
Christened:
Died: 15 Aug 1369 - Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England
Buried:
Spouse: Edward III King of England (1312-1377) 74 75 76
Marr: 24 Jan 1328 - York, Yorkshire, England
Research Notes: Husband - William Count of Hainaut, Holland & Zeeland
Source: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr, ed. by William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall (Baltimore, 2008), line 1-29 (Edward III)
Research Notes: Wife - Joan
Death Notes: Child - Philippa of Hainault
Sources